Alfred Blalock

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Alfred Blalock is affiliated with the following schools: Georgia Military College, Vanderbilt University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Georgia

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Why Is Alfred Blalock Influential?

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According to Wikipedia, Alfred Blalock was an American surgeon most noted for his work on the medical condition of shock as well as tetralogy of Fallot – commonly known as blue baby syndrome. He created, with assistance from his research and laboratory assistant Vivien Thomas and pediatric cardiologist Helen Taussig, the Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt, a surgical procedure to relieve the cyanosis from tetralogy of Fallot. This operation ushered in the modern era of cardiac surgery. He worked at both Vanderbilt University and Johns Hopkins University, where he studied medicine and later served as chief of surgery. He is known as a medical pioneer who won various awards, including Albert Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award. Blalock was also nominated several times for the Nobel Prize in Medicine.

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Alfred Blalock's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

The Surgical Treatment of Malformations of the Heart: In Which There Is Pulmonary Stenosis or Pulmonary Atresia (1945) (1035)
Surgical treatment of pulmonary stenosis. (1947) (467)
MYASTHENIA GRAVIS AND TUMORS OF THE THYMIC REGION: REPORT OF A CASE IN WHICH THE TUMOR WAS REMOVED (1939) (428)
The surgical treatment of complete transposition of the aorta and the pulmonary artery. (1950) (255)
THE TREATMENT OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS BY REMOVAL OF THE THYMUS GLAND: PRELIMINARY REPORT (1941) (179)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: THE CAUSE OF THE LOW BLOOD PRESSURE PRODUCED BY MUSCLE INJURY (1930) (169)
The Surgical Treatment of Experimental Coarctation (Atresia) of the Aorta. (1944) (161)
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON LYMPHATIC BLOCKAGE (1937) (132)
Surgery of congenital heart diseases. (1947) (129)
Recent Advances in Surgery (1944) (124)
EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF CHYLOTHORAX BY OCCLUSION OF THE SUPERIOR VENA CAVA (1936) (118)
Principles of Surgical Care—Shock and Other Problems (1940) (108)
OXYGEN CONTENT OF BLOOD IN PATIENTS WITH VARICOSE VEINS (1929) (96)
OBSERVATIONS ON THE BLOOD FLOW AND GASEOUS METABOLISM OF THE LIVER OF UNANESTHETIZED DOGS (1936) (83)
STUDIES ON THE ETIOLOGY OF RENAL HYPERTENSION (1937) (77)
COMPLETE TRANSPOSITION OF THE AORTA AND THE PULMONARY ARTERY (1948) (75)
Surgical procedures employed and anatomical variations encountered in the treatment of congenital pulmonic stenosis. (1948) (75)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: VII. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LOCAL LOSS OF FLUID IN THE PRODUCTION OF THE LOW BLOOD PRESSURE AFTER BURNS (1931) (73)
THYMECTOMY IN THE TREATMENT OF MYASTHENIA GRAVIS: Report of Twenty Cases (1944) (63)
The use of calcium chloride in the treatment of cardiac arrest in patients. (1951) (57)
An Experimental Study of the Fate of Arterial Implants in the Left Ventricular Myocardium. With a Comparison of Similar Impants in Other Organs (1957) (55)
Interatrial septal defect; its experimental production under direct vision without interruption of the circulation. (1948) (53)
MECHANISM AND TREATMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: I. SHOCK FOLLOWING HEMORRHAGE (1927) (53)
The distribution of the blood in the coronary blood vessels (1929) (50)
The Use of Shunt or By-pass Operations in the Treatment of Certain Circulatory Disorders, including Portal Hypertension and Pulmonic Stenosis. (1947) (49)
Operative closure of the patent ductus arteriosus. (1946) (49)
Aspiration of blood from pericardium in treatment of acute cardiac tamponade after injury; further experience, with report of cases. (1949) (49)
SHOCK: FURTHER STUDIES WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE EFFECTS OF HEMORRHAGE (1934) (47)
SITUS INVERSUS TOTALIS AND DISEASE OF THE BILIARY TRACT: SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE AND REPORT OF A CASE (1940) (44)
A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF HEAT AND THOSE OF COLD IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF SHOCK (1941) (41)
The Effect of Muscular Contraction upon the Blood Flow in the Skeletal Muscle (1934) (41)
THE EFFECTS OF UNILATERAL NEPHRECTOMY ON THE RENAL BLOOD FLOW AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF UNANESTHETIZED DOGS (1938) (40)
THE EFFECT OF HEMORRHAGE, INTESTINAL TRAUMA AND HISTAMINE ON THE PARTITION OF THE BLOOD STREAM (1937) (38)
THE UNIFORM PRODUCTION OF EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK BY CRUSH INJURY: POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP TO CLINICAL CRUSH SYNDROME. (1942) (38)
VALVULOTOMY FOR THE RELIEF OF CONGENITAL VALVULAR PULMONIC STENOSIS WITH INTACT VENTRICULAR SEPTUM (1950) (37)
INTRAVENOUS INJECTIONS: A Study of the Composition of the Blood During Continuous Trauma to the Intestines When No Fluid is Injected and When Fluid is Injected Continuously. (1932) (34)
THE RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVES IN DOGS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES (34)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: VIII. THE COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD STREAM AFTER MILD AFTER TRAUMA TO AFTER FLUID THAT ESCAPES FROM THE TRAUMA TO AN EXTREMITY, THE INTESTINES AND BURNS (1931) (34)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: XII. A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF HEMORRHAGE, OF TRAUMA TO MUSCLES, OF TRAUMA TO THE INTESTINES, OF BURNS AND OF HISTAMINE ON THE CARDIAC OUTPUT AND ON BLOOD PRESSURE OF DOGS (1931) (34)
Effects on Blood Pressure of Injection of Kidney Extracts of Dogs with Renal Hypertension (1936) (33)
STUDIES ON THE RENAL ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE AND THE METABOLISM OF KIDNEY TISSUE IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION (1940) (32)
Physiopathology and surgical treatment of congenital cardiovascular defects. (1946) (32)
AORTIC VASCULAR RINGS ENCOUNTERED IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL PULMONIC STENOSIS (1950) (32)
THE BLOOD FLOW AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE KIDNEY IN EXPERIMENTAL RENAL HYPERTENSION (1938) (31)
FRACTIONATION OF THE OUTPUT OF THE HEART AND OF THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF NORMAL UNANESTHETIZED DOGS (1937) (31)
The Nature of Discovery (1956) (30)
Tumors of the thymic region and myasthenia gravis (1941) (29)
THE REGULATION OF CIRCULATION (1927) (28)
DISTRIBUTION OF THE BLOOD IN SHOCK: THE OXYGEN CONTENT OF THE VENOUS BLOOD FROM DIFFERENT LOCALITIES IN SHOCK PRODUCED BY HEMORRHAGE, BY HISTAMINE AND BY TRAUMA (28)
Maintenance of the Heart Beat by Perfusion of the Coronary Circulation with Gaseous Oxygen (1959) (27)
CHRONIC CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS: PHYSIOLOGIC AND PATHOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS (1938) (26)
THE REGULATION OF CIRCULATION: VIII. The Relative Importance of Nervous, Endocrine and Vascular Regulation in the Response of the Cardiac Output to Anoxemia (1927) (25)
MITRAL INSUFFICIENCY: THE EXPERIMENTAL USE OF A MOBILE POLYVINYL SPONGE PROSTHESIS (1954) (24)
The technique of creation of an artificial ductus arteriosus in the treatment of pulmonic stenosis. (1947) (24)
SUCCESSFUL SUTURE OF A WOUND OF THE ASCENDING AORTA (1934) (24)
The surgical treatment of congenital pulmonic stenosis. (1946) (23)
TRAUMA TO THE INTESTINES: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE LOCAL LOSS OF FLUID IN THE PRODUCTION OF LOW BLOOD PRESSURE (1931) (23)
THE REGULATION OF CIRCULATION: V. The Effect of Anemia and Hemorrhage on the Cardiac Output of Dogs (1927) (22)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: VI. THE PROBABLE CAUSE FOR THE REDUCTION IN THE BLOOD PRESSURE FOLLOWING MILD TRAUMA TO AN EXTREMITY (1931) (22)
CARDIAC OUTPUT IN THE DOG DURING ETHER ANESTHESIA: I. THE EFFECT OF ETHER ANESTHESIA ON THE CARDIAC OUTPUT (1927) (21)
Experimental ligation of the internal mammary artery and its effect on coronary occlusion. (1958) (21)
A METHOD FOR TRANSPLANTING THE ADRENAL GLAND OF THE DOG WITH REESTABLISHMENT OF ITS BLOOD SUPPLY: REPORT OF OBSERVATIONS. (1939) (20)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: IX. A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF THE LOSS OF WHOLE BLOOD, OF BLOOD PLASMA AND OF RED BLOOD CELLS (1931) (20)
The anatomy of pulmonary stenosis and atresia with comments on surgical therapy. (1953) (20)
PLASMA LOSS IN SEVERE DEHYDRATION, SHOCK AND OTHER CONDITIONS AS AFFECTED BY THERAPY. (1940) (19)
SHOCK PRODUCED BY CRUSH INJURY: EFFECTS OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF PLASMA AND THE LOCAL APPLICATION OF COLD (1942) (19)
The experimental production of high interventricular septal defects; a physiological and pathological study. (1953) (18)
INTRAVENOUS INJECTIONS: A Study of the Effects on the Composition of the Blood of the Injection of Various Fluids into Dogs with Normal and with Low Blood Pressures. (1932) (18)
A CLINICAL STUDY OF BILIARY TRACT DISEASE (1924) (18)
Effects of an artificial ductus arteriosus on experimental cyanosis and anoxemia. (1946) (17)
A consideration of some of the problems in cardiovascular surgery. (1951) (16)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: A STUDY OF ITS PRODUCTION AND TREATMENT (1931) (16)
A STUDY OF THE CAUSE OF DEATH FOLLOWING BURNS (1932) (15)
GIANT PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS. (1964) (15)
Physiologic and anatomic determinants of coronary blood flow and their relationship of myocardial revascularization. (1958) (15)
RELATION OF KIDNEYS TO BLOOD PRESSURE: EFFECTS OF EXTRACTS OF KIDNEYS OF NORMAL DOGS AND OF DOGS WITH RENAL HYPERTENSION ON BLOOD PRESSURE OF RATS (1937) (14)
SHOCK WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THAT DUE TO HAEMORRHAGE AND TRAUMA TO MUSCLES. (1934) (14)
BLOOD AND BLOOD SUBSTITUTES IN THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF SHOCK: WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THEIR USES IN WARFARE. (1941) (14)
The Effect of the Pulse upon the Flow of Lymph.∗ (1939) (14)
Congenital arteriovenous fistulas in the mandible. (1950) (13)
Retrograde perfusion of the coronary sinus with gaseous oxygen. (1960) (13)
Coronary thromboendarterectomy for angina pectoris. (1961) (13)
AMPUTATION OF ARM OF PATIENT WITH HEMOPHILIA (1932) (13)
Shock and Hemorrhage. (1936) (12)
THE DIRECT DETERMINATION OF THE RENAL BLOOD FLOW AND RENAL OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF THE UNANESTHETIZED DOG (1937) (12)
FATE OF CELLS IN PASSAGE THROUGH LYMPHATICS AND LYMPH NODES. (1963) (12)
Experimental coarctation of the ascending aorta. (1956) (11)
THE EFFECTS ON THE COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD OF THE SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION OF NORMAL SALT SOLUTION INTO NORMAL DOGS AND INTO DOGS SUBJECTED TO INTESTINAL TRAUMA, GRADED HEMORRHAGES AND HISTAMINE INJECTION. (1932) (11)
The Surgical Treatment of Congenital Pulmonic Stenosis. (1947) (11)
Operations performed and vascular anomalies encountered in the treatment of congenital pulmonic stenosis. (1948) (11)
EFFECT OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT DEXTRAN ON SURVIVAL FOLLOWING HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK. (1964) (11)
PARTIAL TRACHEAL OBSTRUCTION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN THE EFFECTS ON THE CIRCULATION AND RESPIRATION OF MORPHINIZED DOGS (1926) (10)
A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF HEMORRHAGE UNDER ETHER ANESTHESIA AND UNDER SPINAL ANESTHESIA (1930) (10)
Surgical treatment of pulmonic stenosis. (1948) (10)
BLOOD-FLOW THROUGH EDEMATOUS EXTREMITIES (1929) (9)
A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMA, HISTAMINE AND SPINAL ANESTHESIA ON THE COMPOSITION OF THE BLOOD WHEN NO FLUIDS ARE INJECTED AND WHEN FLUIDS ARE INTRODUCED INTRAVENOUSLY. (1932) (9)
EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION : THE EFFECTS OF UNILATERAL RENAL ISCHEMIA COMBINED WITH INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA ON THE ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE. (1939) (9)
Experimental hypertension and pregnancy in dogs. (1941) (8)
Surgery of congenital heart disease. (1947) (8)
An evaluation of gaseous oxygen perfusion as a method for maintaining renal viability during periods of complete ischemia. (1961) (8)
CARDIAC OUTPUT IN THE DOG DURING ETHER ANESTHESIA: III. THE EFFECT OF THERAPEUTIC AMOUNTS OF DIGITALIS ON CARDIAC OUTPUT OF THE ANESTHETIZED DOG (1927) (7)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: X. OBSERVATIONS ON THE WATER CONTENT OF THE TISSUES OF THE BODY AFTER TRAUMA AND AFTER HEMORRHAGE (1931) (7)
Effect of Total Pneumonectomy on Position of the Esophagus.∗ (1935) (7)
Cardiovascular surgery, past and present. (1966) (7)
Experimental Hypertension. Effects of Kieselguhr Injection and of Splanchnic Stimulation.∗ (1939) (7)
The coronary artery disease problem. (1959) (6)
REMINISCENCE: SHOCK AFTER THIRTY-FOUR YEARS. (1964) (6)
EFFECTS OF LOWERING TEMPERATURE OF AN INJURED EXTREMITY TO WHICH A TOURNIQUET HAS BEEN APPLIED (1943) (6)
Effects of Primary Shock on Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure.∗ (1933) (6)
EFFECTS OF CONTINUOUS AND OF INTERMITTENT APPLICATION OF A TOURNIQUET TO A TRAUMATIZED EXTREMITY (1944) (6)
Renal Oxygen Utilization of Dogs with Experimental Hypertension.∗ (1937) (5)
External cardiac massage. (1961) (5)
Problems in the training of the surgeon. (1950) (5)
EFFECTS OF MORPHINE IN EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK DUE TO HEMORRHAGE (1943) (5)
Valvulotomy for the relief of congenital valvular pulmonic stenosis with intact ventricular septum; report of 19 operations by the Brock method. (1950) (5)
The surgical treatment of carcinoma of the common bile duct (1944) (5)
Congenital cardiovascular defects. (1947) (5)
THE RELATIONSHIP OF CHANGES IN BLOOD-FLOW THROUGH AN EXTREMITY TO (1) CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE OF TISSUES, (2) DIFFERENCES IN OXYGEN CONTENT OF THE ARTERIAL AND VENOUS BLOOD, AND (3) CARDIAC OUTPUT (1929) (5)
Peripheral circulatory failure (1942) (5)
THE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION ON THE BLOOD FLOW OF MORPHINIZED DOGS. (1925) (4)
UTILIZATION OF OXYGEN BY THE BRAIN IN TRAUMATIC SHOCK (1944) (4)
EXPOSURE OF THE HEART TO ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE: EFFECTS ON THE CARDIAC OUTPUT AND BLOOD PRESSURE (1933) (4)
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE TREATMENT (1940) (4)
INFLUENCE OF EXPOSURE TO COLD AND OF DEPRIVATION OF FOOD AND WATER ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHOCK (1934) (4)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK: XI. A STUDY OF THE ALTERATIONS IN THE VOLUME OF BLOOD AND IN THE WATER CONTENT OF BLOOD AND OF MUSCLE THAT ARE PRODUCED BY HISTAMINE (1931) (4)
CARDIAC OUTPUT IN THE DOG DURING ETHER ANESTHESIA: II. THE EFFECT OF THE INJECTION OF ALKALI ON THE CARDIAC OUTPUT OF THE ANESTHETIZED DOG (1927) (4)
Shock: A consideration of prevention and treatment (1939) (4)
An experimental study of the anastomosis of arteries to the coronary sinus of the heart of the dog. (1950) (4)
The Surgical Treatment and the Physiopathology of Coarctation of the Aorta. (1948) (4)
TRAUMA TO CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: ITS EFFECTS ON CARDIAC OUTPUT AND BLOOD PRESSURE AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY (1929) (4)
OXYGEN LACK AND CARDIAC OUTPUT: SOME CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS (1926) (3)
PROBLEMS IN CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY (1954) (3)
OBSERVATION UPON THE BLOOD FLOW THROUGH SKELETAL MUSCLE BY THE USE OF THE HOT WIRE ANEMOMETER (1930) (3)
Technique of arterial anastomosis. (1947) (3)
The effects of obstruction of the common bile duct on the portal blood flow and oxygen consumption (1937) (3)
CARDIAC OUTPUT IN PNEUMONIA IN THE DOG. (1926) (3)
The surgical treatment of mitral stenosis and its physiological consequences. (1951) (2)
The expanding scope of cardiovascular surgery (1954) (2)
The surgical treatment of congenital cyanotic heart disease. (1949) (2)
The Tetralogy of Fallot. Tricuspid Atresia. Transposition of the Great Vessels, and Associated Disorders (1959) (2)
The surgical treatment of congenital pulmonic stenosis. (1947) (2)
DISEASES OF THE HEART AND PERICARDIUM: IN WHICH SURGICAL THERAPY MAY BE INDICATED CLINICAL LECTURE AT ST. LOUIS SESSION (1940) (2)
EFFECTS ON COMPOSITION OF BLOOD OF PHYSIOLOGIC SOLUTION OF SODIUM CHLORIDE: WHEN INTRODUCED BY INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTION AND BY STOMACH TUBE IN THE PRESENCE OF LOW BLOOD PRESSURE (1933) (2)
EFFECTS OF UNCOMPLICATED HEMOCONCENTRATION (ERYTHROCYTOSIS): WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO SHOCK (1941) (2)
The Surgical Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease Accompanied by Cyanosis (1952) (2)
LOSS OF PROTEIN FROM THE BLOOD STREAM: EFFECTS OF THE INJECTION OF SOLUTION OF PITUITARY AND OF EPINEPHRINE (1933) (2)
Physiopathology and Surgical Treatment of Congenital Cardiovascular Defects. (1946) (1)
THE EFFECT OF ALTERING THE RENAL BLOOD PRESSURE AND BLOOD FLOW ON THE GLOMERULAR FILTRATION OF A TRANSPLANTED KIDNEY IN UNANESTHETIZED DOGS (1938) (1)
PERITONITIS: EFFECTS OF THE ADMINISTRATION AMOUNT OF FLUID THAT PERITONEAL OF SALT SOLUTION ON THE ACCUMULATES IN THE CAVITY (1933) (1)
Gordon Wilson Lectures: Shock or Peripheral Circulatory Failure. (1941) (1)
Surgical treatment of mitral stenosis. (1953) (1)
Surgical treatment of congenital pulmonary stenosis. (1947) (1)
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE TECHNIC OF PULMONARY EMBOLECTOMY*: An Experimental Study (1935) (1)
Surgical treatment of pulmonic stenosis with intact ventricular septum. (1950) (1)
THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC MIDDLE EAR SUPPURATION (1925) (0)
THE NURSE ANESTHETIST (1948) (0)
The surgical treatment of mitral stenosis and its physiological consequences. (1951) (0)
Surgical aspects of biliary tract disease; symposium. (1958) (0)
The role of surgery in the management of coronary arterial insufficiency. (1957) (0)
Presidential Address: The Nature of Discovery. (1956) (0)
CARDIAC OUTPUT IN PNEUMONIA passage through the pulmonary (0)
HEPARIN AND THROMBOSIS (1939) (0)
THE 9-9-9 PLAN FOR INTERNSHIPS AND RESIDENCIES (1944) (0)
Diseases of the cardiovascular system (surgery). (1955) (0)
EXPERIMENTAL SHOCK (1930) (0)
[Recent advances in cardiovascular surgery]. (1955) (0)
The surgical treatment of congenital pulmonic stenosis. (1947) (0)
TRAUMATIC SHOCK AND HEMORRHAGE (1934) (0)
EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION (1939) (0)
LIGATION OF THE TERMINAL ABDOMINAL AORTA: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY (1928) (0)
Physiopathology and surgical treatment of congenital cardiovascular defects. (1946) (0)
[Recent advances in cardiovascular surgery]. (1955) (0)
Problem in cardiovascular surgery. (1954) (0)

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