Alexander Borbély

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Alexander Borbély is affiliated with the following schools: ETH Zurich, University of Basel, University of Geneva, University of Zurich

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Alexander Borbély

Medical

#1158

World Rank

#1469

Historical Rank

Pharmacology

#83

World Rank

#109

Historical Rank

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Medical

Alexander Borbély's Degrees

PhD Pharmacology University of Zurich
Masters Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Basel

Why Is Alexander Borbély Influential?

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According to Wikipedia, Alexander A. Borbély is a Hungarian-Swiss pharmacologist known for his sleep research. Borbély proposed the two-process model of sleep regulation in 1982 which postulates there are two complementary processes which together account for one's sleep schedule. This model has been widely influential and strongly influenced the field of circadian neuroscience for decades.

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Alexander Borbély's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

A two process model of sleep regulation. (1982) (3780)
Timing of human sleep: recovery process gated by a circadian pacemaker. (1984) (1354)
Sleep deprivation: effect on sleep stages and EEG power density in man. (1981) (1001)
The two‐process model of sleep regulation: a reappraisal (2016) (890)
Sleep homeostasis and models of sleep regulation. (1999) (800)
Low-frequency (<1Hz) oscillations in the human sleep electroencephalogram (1997) (520)
A model of human sleep homeostasis based on EEG slow-wave activity: Quantitative comparison of data and simulations (1993) (432)
Sleep deprivation in rats: effects on EEG power spectra, vigilance states, and cortical temperature. (1991) (402)
Dual electroencephalogram markers of human sleep homeostasis: correlation between theta activity in waking and slow-wave activity in sleep (2000) (397)
Effect of unilateral somatosensory stimulation prior to sleep on the sleep EEG in humans (1994) (376)
Sleep, sleep deprivation and depression. A hypothesis derived from a model of sleep regulation. (1982) (337)
Functional topography of the human nonREM sleep electroencephalogram (2001) (335)
Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG (2002) (332)
Mathematical models of sleep regulation. (2003) (328)
Effect of sleep deprivation on sleep and EEG power spectra in the rat (1984) (326)
Effect of age on the sleep EEG: slow-wave activity and spindle frequency activity in young and middle-aged men (1996) (325)
Sleep EEG in the rat as a function of prior waking. (1986) (319)
Exposure to pulsed high‐frequency electromagnetic field during waking affects human sleep EEG (2000) (301)
All‐night dynamics of the human sleep EEG (1993) (287)
Pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field affects human sleep and sleep electroencephalogram (1999) (284)
Sleep and the sleep electroencephalogram across the menstrual cycle in young healthy women. (1996) (279)
Endogenous sleep-promoting substances and sleep regulation. (1989) (256)
Fronto‐occipital EEG power gradients in human sleep (1997) (255)
Spindle frequency activity in the sleep EEG: individual differences and topographic distribution. (1997) (254)
Time course of EEG power density during long sleep in humans. (1990) (226)
Concepts and models of sleep regulation: an overview (1992) (224)
Repeated partial sleep deprivation progressively changes in EEG during sleep and wakefulness. (1993) (222)
Dynamics of the sleep EEG after an early evening nap: experimental data and simulations. (1996) (214)
Electroencephalogram power density and slow wave sleep as a function of prior waking and circadian phase. (1990) (204)
The effect of 3-h and 6-h sleep deprivation on sleep and EEG spectra of the rat (1990) (197)
Caffeine intake (200 mg) in the morning affects human sleep and EEG power spectra at night (1995) (187)
Effect of partial sleep deprivation on sleep stages and EEG power spectra: evidence for non-REM and REM sleep homeostasis. (1990) (187)
Caffeine Reduces Low-Frequency Delta Activity in the Human Sleep EEG (1995) (186)
The effects of chronic, small doses of melatonin given in the late afternoon on fatigue in man: A preliminary study (1984) (184)
Sleep homeostasis in the rat: Simulation of the time course of EEG slow-wave activity (1991) (183)
Homeostatic sleep regulation in habitual short sleepers and long sleepers. (1996) (180)
Changes in sleep and sleep electroencephalogram during pregnancy. (1994) (172)
Sleep Initiation and Initial Sleep Intensity: Interactions of Homeostatic and Circadian Mechanisms (1989) (171)
Development of the nocturnal sleep electroencephalogram in human infants. (2004) (171)
The effect of sleep deprivation on sleep in rats with suprachiasmatic lesions (1983) (164)
Coherence analysis of the human sleep electroencephalogram (1998) (164)
Brain topography of the human sleep EEG: antero‐posterior shifts of spectral power (1996) (164)
Individual ‘Fingerprints’ in Human Sleep EEG Topography (2001) (163)
All-night spectral analysis of the sleep EEG in untreated depressives and normal controls (1984) (161)
The thalamic rat: general behavior, operant learning with rewarding hypothalamic stimulation, and effects of amphetamine. (1974) (160)
Age-dependent changes in sleep EEG topography (2001) (155)
From slow waves to sleep homeostasis: new perspectives. (2001) (152)
Simulation of daytime vigilance by the additive interaction of a homeostatic and a circadian process (1994) (149)
Melatonin effect on daytime sleep in men: suppression of EEG low frequency activity and enhancement of spindle frequency activity (1995) (144)
Learning by Association in Plants (2016) (142)
Radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in humans: Estimation of SAR distribution in the brain, effects on sleep and heart rate (2003) (138)
Effects of N6-cyclopentyladenosine and caffeine on sleep regulation in the rat. (1996) (138)
Functional EEG topography in sleep and waking: State-dependent and state-independent features (2006) (132)
Electroencephalogram analysis of non-rapid eye movement sleep in rats. (1988) (130)
Sleep-deprivation: Effects on sleep and EEG in the rat (1979) (126)
Simulation of Human Sleep: Ultradian Dynamics of Electroencephalographic Slow-Wave Activity (1990) (125)
Selective and total sleep deprivation: effect on the sleep EEG in the rat (1997) (121)
Sleep in the rat during food deprivation and subsequent restitution of food (1977) (120)
Selective REM sleep deprivation in humans: effects on sleep and sleep EEG. (1998) (119)
Time course of sleep inertia after nighttime and daytime sleep episodes. (1995) (117)
Effect of a single 3-hour exposure to bright light on core body temperature and sleep in humans (1991) (116)
Dynamics of Slow-Wave Activity and Spindle Frequency Activity in the Human Sleep EEG: Effect of Midazolam and Zopiclone (1994) (113)
Late-afternoon ethanol intake affects nocturnal sleep and the sleep EEG in middle-aged men. (1996) (112)
Effect of zopiclone and midazolam on sleep and EEG spectra in a phase-advanced sleep schedule. (1990) (111)
Processes Underlying Sleep Regulation (1998) (111)
Application of automated REM and slow wave sleep analysis: II. Testing the assumptions of the two-process model of sleep regulation in normal and depressed subjects (1984) (107)
Effects of light on sleep and activity rhythms (1978) (107)
Effect of zolpidem on sleep and sleep EEG spectra in healthy young men (2005) (105)
Effect of valerian on human sleep (2004) (104)
Serotonin-2 Receptors and Human Sleep: Effect of a Selective Antagonist on EEG Power Spectra (1999) (103)
The effect of sleep deprivation and recovery sleep on plasma corticosterone in the rat (1983) (96)
Dynamics of EEG slow-wave activity and core body temperature in human sleep after exposure to bright light. (1992) (95)
Sleep regulation in rats: effects of sleep deprivation, light, and circadian phase. (1986) (94)
EEG power density during recovery sleep in the morning. (1991) (93)
Sleep Regulation: Circadian Rhythm and Homeostasis (1982) (93)
Sleep and rest facilitate auditory learning (2004) (92)
Sleep continuity and the REM-nonREM cycle in the rat under baseline conditions and after sleep deprivation (1991) (90)
Unihemispheric enhancement of delta power in human frontal sleep EEG by prolonged wakefulness (2001) (89)
Human central auditory plasticity associated with tone sequence learning. (2004) (88)
Endogenous sleep-substances and sleep regulation. (1986) (85)
Control of sleep states in the rat by short light-dark cycles (1975) (85)
Sleep: a neurobiological window on affective disorders (1985) (83)
Sleep homeostasis in the female rat during the estrous cycle (1998) (83)
Temporal evolution of coherence and power in the human sleep electroencephalogram (1998) (82)
Interhemispheric sleep EEG asymmetry in the rat is enhanced by sleep deprivation. (2002) (81)
All-night sleep EEG and artificial stochastic control signals have similar correlation dimensions. (1994) (81)
Sleep and EEG spectra in the pigeon (Columba livia) under baseline conditions and after sleep deprivation (1988) (80)
The dynamics of spindles and EEG slow-wave activity in NREM sleep in mice. (2004) (80)
Heart rate dynamics during human sleep (1994) (75)
Dynamics of EEG spindle frequency activity during extended sleep in humans: relationship to slow-wave activity and time of day (1997) (75)
Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine and tryptophan on sleep, EEG and motor activity in the rat (1981) (74)
Sleep deprivation modulates brain mRNAs encoding genes of glycogen metabolism (2002) (72)
Sleep extension in humans: sleep stages, EEG power spectra and body temperature. (1991) (71)
Application of automated REM and slow wave sleep analysis: I. Normal and depressed subjects (1984) (70)
Regional differences in the dynamics of the cortical EEG in the rat after sleep deprivation (1999) (69)
Effects of 12-h sleep deprivation and of 12-h cold exposure on sleep regulation and cortical temperature in the rat (1993) (69)
Chapter 33 – Sleep Homeostasis and Models of Sleep Regulation (2005) (69)
Sleep deprivation: Effects on circadian rhythms of rat brain neurotransmitter receptors (1981) (69)
Electroencephalographic sleep of younger depressives. Comparison with normals. (1985) (67)
Sleep and Waking Have a Major Effect on the 24-Hr Rhythm of Cortical Temperature in the Rat (1992) (65)
Combining different models of sleep regulation (1992) (64)
Sleep regulation in rats during early development. (1990) (63)
Sleep and motor activity of the rat during ultra-short light-dark cycles (1976) (61)
Prolonged effects of 24-h total sleep deprivation on sleep and sleep EEG in the rat (1999) (61)
Sleep inertia: performance changes after sleep, rest and active waking. (2005) (58)
Effects of melatonin and the melatonin receptor agonist S‐20098 on the vigilance states, EEG spectra, and cortical temperature in the rat (1994) (57)
Period‐amplitude analysis and power spectral analysis: a comparison based on all‐night sleep EEG recordings (1993) (57)
Zolpidem and sleep deprivation: Different effect on EEG power spectra (2000) (56)
A quantitative analysis of phasic and tonic submental EMG activity in human sleep (1990) (54)
The effects of ethanol on human sleep EEG power spectra differ from those of benzodiazepine receptor agonists. (1992) (53)
Secrets of sleep (1986) (53)
High-frequency components of the rat electrocorticogram are modulated by the vigilance states (1994) (53)
Functional neuroanatomy of human sleep states after zolpidem and placebo: A H215O‐PET study (2000) (51)
Frequency and state specific hemispheric asymmetries in the human sleep EEG (1999) (51)
Correlation Dimension of the Human Sleep Electroencephalogram: Cyclic Changes in the Course of the Night (1994) (51)
Sleep deprivation differentially alters the mRNA and protein levels of neurogranin in rat brain (1995) (49)
Sleep EEG in mice that are deficient in the potassium channel subunit K.v.3.2 (2002) (49)
Effects of two-hour light-dark cycles on feeding, drinking and motor activity of the rat. (1974) (48)
Chapter 37 – Sleep Homeostasis and Models of Sleep Regulation (2011) (47)
Refining sleep homeostasis in the two‐process model (2009) (47)
Effect of ambient temperature on the 24-hour sleep-wake cycle in normal and capsaicin-treated rats (1983) (47)
Effect of elevated ambient temperature on sleep, EEG spectra, and brain temperature in the rat. (1995) (47)
Acoustically evoked potentials in the rat during sleep and waking (2004) (47)
Alpha activity in the human REM sleep EEG: topography and effect of REM sleep deprivation (1999) (47)
Varying photoperiod in the laboratory rat: profound effect on 24-h sleep pattern but no effect on sleep homeostasis. (1995) (46)
Room light impairs sleep in the albino rat (1994) (45)
Effect of sleep deprivation on brain serotonin in the rat (1980) (45)
Models of sleep regulation in mammals (1992) (44)
Molecular Cloning of Forebrain mRNAs which are Modulated by Sleep Deprivation (1990) (44)
New techniques for the analysis of the human sleep-wake cycle (1986) (44)
Sleep telemetry in the rat. II. Automatic identification and recording of vigilance states. (1978) (43)
A new method for detecting state changes in the EEG: exploratory application to sleep data (1998) (42)
Selective REM sleep deprivation in humans: effects on sleep and sleep EEG. (1998) (41)
Intracranial temperature across 24-hour sleep–wake cycles in humans (1995) (39)
Effect of voluntary locomotor activity on sleep in the rat (1982) (39)
Short light-dark cycles influence sleep stages and EEG power spectra in the rat (1991) (39)
Metabolic response of the cerebral cortex following gentle sleep deprivation and modafinil administration. (2010) (37)
Cortical temperature and EEG slow-wave activity in the rat: analysis of vigilance state related changes (1992) (37)
Interhemispheric coherence of the sleep electroencephalogram in mice with congenital callosal dysgenesis (2004) (37)
The search for an endogenous ‘sleep-substance’ (1980) (36)
Selective REM sleep deprivation during daytime. II. Muscle atonia in non-REM sleep. (2002) (36)
Effect of rest deprivation on motor activity of fish (1985) (35)
Sleep deprivation in the rat at different ambient temperatures: effect on sleep, EEG spectra and brain temperature. (1994) (34)
Daily pattern of sleep, motor activity and feeding in the rat: Effects of regular and gradually extended photoperiods (1978) (34)
Effect of delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) and arginine vasotocin (AVT) on sleep and motor activity in the rat. (1980) (33)
Wrist Activity Monitoring in Air Crew Members: A Method for Analyzing Sleep Quality Following Transmeridian and North-South Flights (1989) (33)
Effect of sleep deprivation on EEG slow wave activity within non-REM sleep episodes in the rat. (1989) (33)
Comparison of the effects of modafinil and sleep deprivation on sleep and cortical EEG spectra in mice (2002) (32)
Selective REM sleep deprivation during daytime I. Time course of interventions and recovery sleep. (2002) (31)
Circadian rhythm of vigilance in rats: Modulation by short light-dark cycles (1975) (31)
The Menstrual Cycle Effects on Sleep (2008) (30)
Effects of pentobarbitone and chlorpromazine on acoustically evoked potentials in the rat. (1970) (29)
Manifestations and functional implications of sleep homeostasis. (2011) (28)
Sleep in a sitting position: effect of triazolam on sleep stages and EEG power spectra (1994) (28)
The S-deficiency hypothesis of depression and the two-process model of sleep regulation. (1987) (26)
Sleep regulation: relation to photoperiod, sleep duration, waking activity, and torpor. (1996) (25)
Non-rapid eye movement sleep with low muscle tone as a marker of rapid eye movement sleep regulation (2006) (22)
Sleep telemetry in the rat: I. a miniaturized FM--AM transmitter for EEG and EMG. (1978) (22)
Chapter 36 – Sleep Homeostasis and Models of Sleep Regulation (2017) (21)
Circadian rhythm of sleep and motor activity in the rat during skeleton photoperiod, continuous darkness and continuous light (1978) (19)
Pharmacological modifications of evoked brain potentials (1973) (18)
Factors in cerebrospinal fluid affecting motor activity in the rat (1976) (18)
Recording the sleep EEG with periorbital skin electrodes. (1995) (18)
Alcohol and sleep disturbances (2000) (18)
Short light-dark cycles and paradoxical sleep in the rat: effect of strain difference and hypophysectomy. (1978) (18)
Sleep regulation after reduction of brain serotonin: effect of p-chlorophenylalanine combined with sleep deprivation in the rat. (1982) (18)
Circadian and Sleep-Dependent Processes in Sleep Regulation (1982) (17)
Sleep regulation. Introduction. (1982) (16)
Three decades of continuous wrist‐activity recording: analysis of sleep duration (2017) (15)
[Alcohol and sleep disorders]. (2000) (14)
Sleep, clinical and experimental aspects (1982) (14)
Sleep Regulation: Outline of a Model and its Implications for Depression (1984) (14)
The two‐process model of sleep regulation: Beginnings and outlook (2022) (13)
European isolation and confinement study. Twenty-four hour rhythm of rest/activity and sleep/wakefulness: comparison of subjective and objective measures. (1993) (13)
Processes Underlying the Regulation of the Sleep-Wake Cycle (2001) (13)
Physiological and behavioral effects of parachlorophenylalanine in the rat (1973) (12)
Enhancement of paradoxical sleep by short light periods in the golden hamster (1977) (12)
Report on the sixth consensus conference on the methodology of clinical trials with hypnotic drugs. (1995) (12)
Principles of Sleep Regulation: Implications for the Effect of Hypnotics on Sleep (1995) (11)
Endogenous sleep-promoting substances (1982) (11)
Cerebroventricular infusion in the rat: Depression of motor activity and paradoxical sleep (1979) (10)
Amphetamine and thermoregulation: Studies in the unrestrained and curarized rat (2004) (9)
Comment on 'Lack of evidence for associative learning in pea plants' (2020) (9)
The effect of light on sleep and the EEG of young rats (1990) (8)
Human versus porcine insulin in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: differences in sleep and the sleep EEG during near-normoglycemia. (1998) (8)
[Concepts and models of sleep regulation]. (1995) (8)
Effects of light and circadian rhythm on the occurrence of REM sleep in the rat. (1980) (8)
Biomathematical Modeling Workshop, May 18-21, 1999 (1999) (8)
Sleep mechanisms (2004) (8)
THE SLEEP PROCESS: CIRCADIAN AND HOMEOSTATIC ASPECTS (1981) (8)
Circadian rhythmicity: from basic science to clinical approach. (2000) (7)
Effect of frequent brief awakenings from nonREM sleep on the nonREM‐REM sleep cycle (1998) (7)
Active wakefulness and paradoxical sleep: common mechanisms? (1978) (6)
Sleep Homeostasis in Humans and Rats (1988) (6)
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) in Endogenous Depression (1985) (6)
Concepts and models of sleep regulation: a preface (1992) (5)
Pavlovian conditioning of eating induced by spreading depression in cortex, striatum and hippocampus of rats (1975) (5)
Changes in click-evoked responses as a function of depth in auditory cortex of the rat. (1970) (5)
Commentary on the Articles by Arendt, Weaver, Mahle et al., and Guardiola-Lemaître (1997) (4)
EEG-Telemetry in the Rat: Selective Recording from 5 out of 12 Chronically Implanted Electrodes* (1974) (4)
Estimation of the Correlation Dimension of All-Night Sleep EEG Data with a Personal Super Computer (1994) (4)
[Radiotelemetric measurement of body temperature in mice and rats]. (1966) (3)
γ-Butyrolactone: An anesthetic with hyperthermic action in the rat (1972) (3)
Monitoring Neurobiological Processes: Cable Connections or Telemetry? * (1974) (2)
Sleep, not REM sleep, is the royal road to dreams (2000) (2)
Effects of Tryptophan1 on Human Sleep (1987) (2)
Storage and Evaluation of 24-Hour EEG-Data Recorded by Telemetry* (1974) (2)
REGULATION OF THE SLEEP-WAKING RHYTHM BY ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENDOGENOUS FACTORS (1981) (2)
The influence of amphetamine on the periodic feeding behavior of the albino rat. (1966) (1)
Effect of Transmeridian Flights: Objective and Subjective Sleep Parameters (1989) (1)
Analysis of Animal Behavior by Means of a Dynamic Process Model (1975) (1)
Reply to R. E. Kronauer and P. H. Gander (1984) (1)
[Hypnotics and sleep]. (1990) (1)
The Quest for the Essence of Sleep (2017) (1)
Research report S EEG in mice that are deficient in the potassium channel subunit (2002) (1)
In memoriam Dag Stenberg (2008) (1)
[Principles of sleep regulation]. (1984) (1)
Slow Wave Sleep: Physiological, Pathophysiological, and Functional Aspects. Proceedings of a Symposium Held in Beerse, Belgium, June 25-27, 1987. A. Wauquier , C. Dugovic , M. Radulovacki (1990) (0)
[Pharmacotherapy of sleep disorders]. (1993) (0)
Congenital agenesis of the corpus callosum in mice is associated with altered regional sleep EEG dynamics in mice (2003) (0)
[Is tryptophan a biological hypnotic?]. (1986) (0)
Effects of Gamma-Butyrolactone on Body Temperature and Evoked Potentials in the Rat1 (1973) (0)
CONCLUDING REMARKS ON THE REGULATION OF THE SLEEP-WAKING RHYTHM BY ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENDOGENOUS FACTORS (1981) (0)
8th World Congress of the International Society for Brain Electromagnetic Topography (ISBET) with The KEY Foundation Symposium “Brain Fields in Psychiatry” (2004) (0)
8 th World Congress of the International Society for Brain Electromagnetic Topography ( ISBET ) with The KEY Foundation Symposium " Brain Fields in Psychiatry " Zurich , Switzerland , March 6-8 , 1997 (2019) (0)
Sleep homeostasis (1986) (0)
Cortical and Subcortical Auditory Evoked Potentials during Sleep and Waking (1973) (0)
Sleep as a Dynamic Process (1982) (0)
Effects of exposure to pulsed 900 MHz electromagnetic fieldsPDFCreator (2017) (0)
Psychopharmacology of sleep edited by David Wheatley, Raven Press, 1981. $39.44 (x + 246 pages) ISBN 0 890 04 593 3 (1983) (0)
[Physiological and pharmacological study of the regulation of sleep in rats]. (1981) (0)
EEG spectra, and brain temperature in the rat Effect of elevated ambient temperature on sleep, (2005) (0)
[Hypnotics and sleep: review and therapeutic guidelines]. (1986) (0)
Physiological and pharmacological sleep (1986) (0)
Sleep regulation: physiological models and hypotheses (1995) (0)
[Pharmacotherapy of sleep disorders using benzodiazepine hypnotics and their analogs]. (1995) (0)
Caffeine and chlordiazepoxide: Effects on motor activity in the chronic thalamic rat (2004) (0)
A composite model of sleep regulation: Parameter estimation of the homeostatic "module" (1992) (0)
Effects of exposure to pulsed 900 MHz electromagnetic fields on sleep and the sleep electroencephalogram (0)
[Modification of sleep by hypnotics]. (1973) (0)
Sleep regulation: Concepts and data (2000) (0)
Biotelemetry II. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Biotelemetry, Davos 1974: P.A. Neukomm (Editor). (Karger, Basel, 1974, XII + 241 p., 157 Fig., 17 Tab., SFr. 64.-, U.S.$ 23.50, DM 61.-, £ 9.30) (1976) (0)
J. Christian Gillin (2004) (0)
Sensitive Hybridization Techniques as Powerful Tools in Molecular Genetics to Identify Brain-Specific Gene Products (1986) (0)
Paw preference in the rat is associated with interhemispheric EEG asymmetry during sleep (2006) (0)
Sleep and Neuroscience (2012) (0)

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