Bishun Khare
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Astronomy and planetary science
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Why Is Bishun Khare Influential?
(Suggest an Edit or Addition)According to Wikipedia, Bishun Narain Khare was a scientist who specialized in the chemistry of planetary atmospheres and of molecules relevant to biology. He published several papers on tholins, the organic molecules formed by ultraviolet radiation or cosmic rays. From 1968 to 1996, Khare worked in Carl Sagan's Laboratory for Planetary Studies at Cornell University. During this time he appeared in the Cosmos television series. From 1996 to 1998, he worked at the NASA Ames Research Center and from 1998 onward he worked at the SETI Institute.
Bishun Khare's Published Works
Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works
Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author
Published Works
- Optical constants of organic tholins produced in a simulated Titanian atmosphere: From soft x-ray to microwave frequencies (1984) (605)
- The optical constants of several atmospheric aerosol species: Ammonium sulfate, aluminum oxide, and sodium chloride (1976) (386)
- Optical properties of some terrestrial rocks and glasses. (1973) (314)
- Tholins: organic chemistry of interstellar grains and gas (1978) (301)
- Laboratory experiments of Titan tholin formed in cold plasma at various pressures: implications for nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds in Titan haze (2004) (279)
- Long-Wavelength Ultraviolet Photoproduction of Amino Acids on the Primitive Earth (1971) (218)
- Chemical investigation of Titan and Triton tholins. (1994) (158)
- Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes Using Atomic Hydrogen from a Glow Discharge (2002) (147)
- Plasma discharge in N2 + CH4 at low pressures: experimental results and applications to Titan. (1991) (140)
- Coloration and darkening of methane clathrate and other ices by charged particle irradiation: applications to the outer solar system. (1987) (137)
- Amino acids derived from Titan tholins. (1986) (137)
- Titan: a laboratory for prebiological organic chemistry. (1992) (130)
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmospheres of Titan and Jupiter. (1993) (120)
- The organic aerosols of Titan. (1984) (120)
- Production and Optical Constants of Ice Tholin from Charged Particle Irradiation of (1:6) C2H6/H2O at 77 K (1993) (118)
- Red clouds in reducing atmospheres (1973) (102)
- Optical properties of poly-HCN and their astronomical applications. (1994) (86)
- Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes by Ammonia Glow-Discharge: Experiments and Modeling (2004) (86)
- Optical constants of Titan tholins at mid-infrared wavelengths (2.5–25 μm) and the possible chemical nature of Titan’s haze particles (2012) (82)
- Functionalization of carbon nanotubes via nitrogen glow discharge. (2005) (82)
- Radio-Frequency Oxygen Plasma as a Sterilization Source (2004) (79)
- Impact of Low‐Temperature Plasmas on Deinococcusradiodurans and Biomolecules (2003) (77)
- Production and Chemical Analysis of Cometary Ice Tholins (1996) (75)
- Analytical pyrolysis experiments of Titan aerosol analogues in preparation for the Cassini Huygens mission. (1995) (72)
- Optical properties of Bacillus subtilis spores from 0.2 to 2.5 num. (1997) (70)
- Proton Irradiation of Carbon Nanotubes (2003) (70)
- Organic solids produced by electrical discharge in reducing atmospheres: Tholin molecular analysis (1981) (67)
- The fluorination of single wall carbon nanotubes using microwave plasma (2004) (60)
- Synthesis of Cystine in Simulated Primitive Conditions (1971) (59)
- The role of organic haze in Titan's atmospheric chemistry: I. Laboratory investigation on heterogeneous reaction of atomic hydrogen with Titan tholin (2008) (56)
- A glow-discharge approach for functionalization of carbon nanotubes (2002) (55)
- Nitrogen fixation on early Mars and other terrestrial planets: experimental demonstration of abiotic fixation reactions to nitrite and nitrate. (2007) (54)
- Analysis of the Time-Dependent Chemical Evolution of Titan Haze Tholin (2002) (53)
- Solid hydrocarbon aerosols produced in simulated Uranian and Neptunian stratospheres. (1987) (51)
- Goethite on Mars: A laboratory study of physically and chemically bound water in ferric oxides (1970) (49)
- Solid organic residues produced by irradiation of hydrocarbon-containing H2O and H2O/NH3 ices: infrared spectroscopy and astronomical implications. (1989) (49)
- Organic matter in the Saturn system (1984) (48)
- Laboratory studies of methane and ethane adsorption and nucleation onto organic particles: Application to Titan's clouds (2008) (40)
- Experimental Jovian photochemistry - Initial results (1971) (40)
- The role of organic haze in Titan's atmospheric chemistry II. Effect of heterogeneous reaction to the hydrogen budget and chemical composition of the atmosphere (2008) (40)
- CH4/NH3/H2O spark tholin: chemical analysis and interaction with Jovian aqueous clouds. (1991) (39)
- Infrared Spectra of Solid and Matrix‐Isolated (CH3)3N, (CD3)3N, and (SiH3)3N (1967) (37)
- Ultraviolet-Photoproduced Organic Solids Synthesized Under Simulated Jovian Conditions: Molecular Analysis (1978) (35)
- Microbial metabolism of tholin. (1990) (32)
- Optical properties of solid and liquid sulfur at visible and infrared wavelengths. [important for composition of Venus, Jupiter, Io, Amalthea and Earth] (1985) (31)
- Abiotic nitrogen fixation on terrestrial planets: reduction of NO to ammonia by FeS. (2012) (28)
- Experimental impact shock chemistry on planetary icy satellites (2008) (26)
- A new energy source for organic synthesis in Europa's surface ice (2002) (26)
- Cyclic Octatomic Sulfur: A Possible Infrared and Visible Chromophore in the Clouds of Jupiter (1975) (25)
- Optical Constants of Kerogen from 0.15 to 40 μM: Comparison with Meteoritic Organics (1991) (24)
- Light hydrocarbons from plasma discharge in H2-He-CH4: first results and Uranian auroral chemistry. (1987) (21)
- Triton: stratospheric molecules and organic sediments. (1989) (20)
- Optical constants of solid methane (1989) (20)
- Quantitative gas-liquid chromatography of non-protein amino acids in the presence of the twenty protein amino acids. (1972) (20)
- Decoding the Domino: The Dark Side of Iapetus (2013) (20)
- Possible sources for methane and C2–C5 organics in the plume of Enceladus (2012) (19)
- Thermal characterization of Titan's tholins by simultaneous TG–MS, DTA, DSC analysis (2013) (19)
- Measurement of Optical Properties of Small Particles (1997) (19)
- Optical Constants of Triton Tholin: Preliminary Results (1994) (18)
- Optical properties of Erwinia herbicola bacteria at 0.190-2.50 microm. (2003) (17)
- Laboratory studies of butane nucleation on organic haze particles: application to Titan's clouds. (2005) (17)
- Solid organic matter in the atmosphere and on the surface of outer Solar System bodies. (2001) (16)
- Organic solids produced from simple C/H/O/N ices by charged particles: applications to the outer solar system. (1989) (14)
- Optical properties of ovalbumin in 0.130–2.50 μm spectral region (2001) (14)
- Infrared and Dielectric Studies of Chloroform as Proton Donor in Hydrogen‐Bond Formation (1967) (14)
- Optical properties of horseradish peroxidase from 0.13 to 2.5 μm (1997) (13)
- Prebiotic organic synthesis in early Earth and Mars atmospheres: Laboratory experiments with quantitative determination of products formed in a cold plasma flow reactor (2007) (12)
- Gas-liquid chromatographic resolution of several protein amino acid enantiomers on a packed column. (1973) (11)
- Experimental interstellar organic chemistry - Preliminary findings (1973) (9)
- Complex refractive indices of tholins produced from various initial gas mixtures and formation pressures: Implications for Titan, the early Earth, and the outer solar system bodies (2005) (8)
- Reflection Spectra of Simulated Titan Organic Clouds. (1981) (8)
- Evidence from scanning electron microscopy ofexperimental influences on the morphology of Triton andTitan tholins (1999) (8)
- Extinction and scattering by several types of silicate sphere of radius 0.05–1.0μm, for the wavelength range 0.21–50μm (1973) (7)
- Optical Constants of Solid Ethane from 0.4 to 2.5 mu (1990) (7)
- Titan's organic chemistry (1985) (7)
- Infrared Studies of Dimethylsilyamine and Methyldisilyamine by the Matrix-Isolation Technique (1967) (7)
- Infrared transmission properties of CO, HCI, and SO2 and their significance for the greenhouse effect on Venus (1969) (7)
- Self-assembly of tholins in environments simulating Titan liquidospheres: implications for formation of primitive coacervates on Titan (2013) (6)
- Radiation Darkening of CH 4 -clathrate: Implications for the Uranian Satellites (1986) (6)
- Planetary Surfaces of Low Albedo: Organic Material Throughout the (2000) (6)
- Ices in the Outer Solar System: Spectra of Irradiation Products. (1985) (6)
- Organic dust synthesized in reducing environments by ultraviolet radiation or electric discharge (1979) (5)
- Surface-active substances in a laboratory simulated Titan׳s organic haze: Prebiotic microstructures (2014) (4)
- Amino acids and their polymers in the lower clouds of jupiter? -- preliminary findings (1989) (4)
- Titania and Oberon: Surface Composition from New Near-Infrared Observations and Reflectance Models (1998) (4)
- Titan's organic chemistry: Results of simulation experiments (1992) (3)
- Organic matter in the Titan lakes, and comparison with primitive Earth (2013) (3)
- Surface composition of Rhea from reflectance spectra, 0.2 to 3.6 μm. (1999) (3)
- Titan Tholins as Amino Acid Precursors and Their Solubility in Possible Titan Liquidospheres (2013) (3)
- Photometry, Multiple Light Scattering, and Lab Simulations: Constraints on the Structure of Titan's Haze/Cloud. (1985) (3)
- The role of organic haze in the hydrogen budget on Titan (2006) (2)
- Optical Constants of Basaltic Glass from 0.0173 to 50 μM (1991) (2)
- Abiotic Nitrogen Fixation on Terrestrial Planets (2009) (2)
- Optical Properties of Tholin from H 2 O/C 2 H 6 (6:1) Ice, and Comparison with Titan Tholin, Kerogen and Meteoritic Organics (1991) (2)
- Cosmic Dust Synthesized in Reducing Environments (1980) (2)
- Production and fate of hydrocarbons, nitriles, and heteropolymers on Titan (1989) (2)
- Optical properties of ovalbumin in 0.130-2.50 microm spectral region. (2001) (2)
- The organic clouds of Titan (1982) (2)
- Laboratory studies of methane nucleation on ethane: Application to Titan's clouds (2003) (2)
- Complex Refractive Index of Liquid and Solid Sulfur (1984) (1)
- Chemical Production by Pulse-Laser Irradiation on Ices: Simulation of Impact Shock-Induced Chemistry on Icy Satellites (2007) (1)
- Investigating in laboratory on the impact-induced chemistry and the fate of tholins in Titan surface (2011) (1)
- Are there Diagnostic Spectral Features of Irradiated Cometary Ices (1986) (1)
- Impact Driven Chemistry on Europa's Surface (2005) (1)
- Titans’ Interior Chemical Composition: A Thermo Chemical Assessment* (2009) (1)
- Stratospheric Tholins in the Outer Planets: Synthesis by Coronal/Plasma Discharge in H 2 /CH 4 Flows. (1985) (1)
- INTERACTION OF LABORATORY THOLIN WITH LIQUIDS PRESENT IN, AND ON, THE MOONS OF THE OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM (2009) (1)
- Centaur 5145 Pholus As a Comet Nucleus (1998) (1)
- On the temperature dependence of possible S8 infrared bands in planetary atmospheres (1976) (1)
- Optical and chemical properties of tholins (2008) (1)
- Molecular Analysis of Organic Solids Produced Under Simulated Jovian Conditions (1977) (0)
- SPECTRALLY AVERAGED INFRARED ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS OF CO, HCl, $SO_{2}$ AND $H_{2}S$ (1968) (0)
- Experimental Study on Interactions Between H Atoms and Organic Haze (2005) (0)
- GAS, SOLID AND MATRIX SPECTRA OF $CH_{3}(SiH_{3})_{2}N$ AND $SiH_{3}(CH_{3})_{2}N$---EVIDENCE FOR POLYMERIZATION IN THE CONDENSED PHASE$^{\ast}$ (1964) (0)
- FUNCTIONALIZATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES (2008) (0)
- INFRARED STUDIES OF CHLOROFORM AS PROTON DONOR IN HYDROGEN BOND FORMATION. (1965) (0)
- Red clouds in reducing atmospheres. [polymer production by UV irradiation in planetary atmospheres (1973) (0)
- Inductively-Coupled RF Powered O2 Plasma as a Sterilization Source (2002) (0)
- Exobiology and the origin of life (1976) (0)
- Titan tholins formed from simuolated upper and lower atmosphere (2008) (0)
- Titan's organic haze and condensation clouds (2003) (0)
- The Electronic Emission and Absorption for Various Molecules. (1961) (0)
- EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE REACTIVITY OF THOLINS AND TITAN SURFACE CHEMISTRY TRIGGERED BY METEORITIC IMPACT (2009) (0)
- Analysis of Solid Residue from Spark Discharges in Simulated Jovian Atmospheres (1990) (0)
- INFRARED SPECTRA OF $(CH_{3})_{3}N$ AND $(SiH_{3})_{3}N$ IN GAS, SOLID AND MATRIX PHASES$^{\ast}$ (1964) (0)
- Optical properties of illite from 0.2 to 2.5 μm: astrobiological significance. (1999) (0)
- Book Review:Geochemistry and the Origin of Life. Keith A. Kvenvolden (1976) (0)
- The abiotic fixation of nitrogen on mars and other terrestrial planets: conversion of nitrogen, through NO, into nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and nitrous oxide. (2010) (0)
- Studies of volatiles and organic materials in early terrestrial and present-day outer solar system environments (1991) (0)
- Selective Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes: Part II (2010) (0)
- Saturn's Icy Satellites: Infrared Reflectance Spectra of Rhea, Tethys, Dione, and Iapetus at lambda >= 2.5mu M (1999) (0)
- Examination of DISR Reflectivity with Titan Tholins Made in the Laboratory (2009) (0)
- Reflectance Properties of Irradiated Simulated Cometary Ices (1987) (0)
- Gas phase organic synthesis in an N2/CH4 flow system: a Titan simulation. (1985) (0)
- Experimental simulation of chemistry induced by hypervelocity impacts on icy moons surfaces: laser-induced shocks in ices (2009) (0)
- EXPEA-M\TAL INTERSTELLAR ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: PRELIMINARY FINDINGS (2009) (0)
- Growth of microorganisms on organic material produced by chemical synthesis in a reducing atmosphere (1982) (0)
- ABSORPTION CONTINUA OF BORON IODIDES (1962) (0)
- Laboratory Study of Titan's Surface Chemistry Induced by Meteoritic Impact Processing: Laser-Simulated Hypervelocity Impact on Ices (2008) (0)
- Biomolecular Effects of Cold Plasma Exposure (2013) (0)
- Laboratory Studies of Hydrocarbon Nucleation on Tholin Particles and Thin Organic Films: Application to Titan's Atmosphere (2001) (0)
- Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes using Atomic Hydrogen (2001) (0)
- Astrobiological Implications of Titan Tholin in Methane Lakes (2010) (0)
- Organic Solid Matter as a Coloring Agent in Outer Solar System Bodies (2002) (0)
- Low-Temperature Plasma Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes (2004) (0)
- Organic Chemistry in Reducing Atmospheres (1974) (0)
- Titan's Interior Chemical Composition: Possible Important Phase Transitions (2008) (0)
- Titan's Interior Chemical Composition: A Thermochemical Assessment * (2007) (0)
- The Abiotic Fixation of Nitrogen on Terrestrial Planets: Experimental Results and their Implications. (2010) (0)
- Optical Properties of Illite from 0.2 to 25 Microns: Extension into Mid-IR Region (2005) (0)
- Book Review:Molecular Evolution and the Origin of Life. Sidney W. Fox, Klaus Dose (1973) (0)
- OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME ROCK SAMPLES (1972) (0)
- Tholins: Can They Provide a Substrate, Carbon and Nitrogen for Plant Production? (1999) (0)
- Organic synthesis in the outer Solar System: Recent laboratory simulations for Titan, the Jovian planets, Triton and comets (1991) (0)
- Spectral Characteristic of Tholin Produced from Possible Early Earth Atmospheres and its Role in Antigreenhouse Effect on Early Earth (2003) (0)
- Radiation Dose-Dependence of Titan Tholin (1993) (0)
- Possible contribution in DISR spectrum of amino acids derived from Titan's tholins and tholins in organic solvents (2012) (0)
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