Fred Lawrence Whipple | Academic Influence

Fred Lawrence Whipple's AcademicInfluence.com Rankings

Fred Lawrence Whipple

Physics

#442

World Rank

#772

Historical Rank

#211

USA Rank

Astronomy

#37

World Rank

#104

Historical Rank

#20

USA Rank

physics Degrees

Download Badge

Physics

Fred Lawrence Whipple's Degrees

PhD Astronomy University of California, Berkeley

Why Is Fred Lawrence Whipple Influential?

(Suggest an Edit or Addition)

According to Wikipedia, Fred Lawrence Whipple was an American astronomer, who worked at the Harvard College Observatory for more than 70 years. Amongst his achievements were asteroid and comet discoveries, the "dirty snowball" hypothesis of comets, and the invention of the Whipple shield.

(See a Problem?)

Fred Lawrence Whipple's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

A comet model. I. The acceleration of Comet Encke (1950) (750)
A Comet Model. II. Physical Relations for Comets and Meteors. (1950) (452)
The Poynting-Robertson effect on meteor orbits (1950) (316)
Meteorites and space travel. (1947) (218)
Comet P/Halley’s nucleus and its activity (1987) (152)
Chondrules: Suggestion Concerning the Origin (1966) (136)
On maintaining the meteoritic complex (1967) (116)
On certain aerodynamic processes for asteroids and comets (1972) (100)
Precision orbits of 413 photographic meteors (1961) (98)
A Comet Model. III. The Zodiacal Light. (1955) (95)
The Theory of Micro-Meteorites: Part I. In an Isothermal Atmosphere. (1950) (93)
Photographic meteor orbits and their distribution in space (1954) (92)
On meteoroids and penetration (1963) (88)
Rotation and outbursts of comet P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 (1980) (82)
Physical Processes in Comets (1976) (81)
Comet Encke - Precession of the spin axis, nongravitational motion, and sublimation (1979) (75)
Meteors and the Earth's Upper Atmosphere (1942) (69)
THE HISTORY OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM. (1964) (63)
EVIDENCE FOR A COMET BELT BEYOND NEPTUNE. (1964) (61)
Cometary brightness variation and nucleus structure (1978) (61)
The Theory of Micro-Meteorites: Part II. In Heterothermal Atmospheres. (1951) (59)
The Dust Cloud about the Earth (1961) (57)
Solid particles in the solar system (1959) (52)
The Meteoritic Risk to Space Vehicles (1958) (42)
Influence of a Comet Belt beyond Neptune on the Motions of Periodic Comets (1968) (42)
Structure of the Cometary Nucleus (1960) (41)
1983 TB and the Geminid Meteors (1983) (40)
Do comets play a role in galactic chemistry and gamma-ray bursts (1975) (38)
Reduction Methods for Photographic Meteor Trails (1957) (34)
The rotation of comet nuclei (1982) (33)
The cometary nucleus: current concepts (1987) (32)
Photographic meteor studies I (1939) (32)
The Mystery of Comets (1985) (32)
On the Physics and Splitting of Cometary Nuclei (1964) (30)
The nature of comets. (1981) (29)
On the distribution of sernimajor axes among comet orbits (1962) (28)
Comet Halley: Investigations, Results, Interpretations (1991) (28)
Photographic Meteor Studies. III. The Taurid Shower (1940) (28)
Sources of interplanetary dust (1976) (26)
Comets in the space age (1989) (26)
Relative Velocity of Light and Radio Waves in Space (1964) (26)
The constitution of cometary nuclei (1977) (25)
Concentrations of the Interstellar Medium. (1946) (25)
Comet P/Holmes, 1892III: A case of duplicity? (1983) (23)
The spin of comets (1980) (23)
Accumulation of Chondrules on Asteroids (1971) (22)
The Physical Theory of Meteors. II. Astroballistic Heat Transfer. (1951) (22)
The Poynting-Robertson effect on meteor orbits. (1949) (22)
Background of modern comet theory (1976) (22)
a Suggestion as to the Origin of Chondrules (1966) (21)
The Harvard photographic meteor programme (1956) (20)
Dust distribution in the inner coma of Comet Halley - Comparison with models (1989) (20)
Papers on the solar constant (1958) (19)
The meteoritic environment of the Moon (1967) (19)
THE CASE FOR H2O CLOUDS ON VENUS (1954) (19)
The Origin of Comets (1972) (17)
On the Origin of the Taurid Meteor Streams (1952) (17)
A model for intensity profiles of dust jets near the nucleus of comet Halley (1988) (15)
A speculation about comets and the earth (1976) (14)
On meteor masses and densities. (1952) (14)
Man on the moon (1953) (14)
On the Origin of Interstellar Radio Disturbances. (1937) (14)
Note on the structure of comet nuclei (1999) (13)
ON METEORS AND RAINFALL (1956) (13)
On the motions of 64 long-period comets (1953) (13)
Radial pressure in the solar nebula as affecting the motions of planetesimals. [toroidal particle concentration in planetary evolution (1971) (12)
SYMPOSIUM: Comets: Problems of the cometary nucleus (1961) (12)
The Physical Theory of Meteors. VII. on Meteor Luminosity and Ionization. (1955) (12)
Ancient novae and meteor showers (1958) (12)
The width of meteor trails (1958) (11)
The reality of comet groups and pairs (1977) (11)
Observation of a Solar Type Radio Burst from a Flare Star (1964) (11)
Meteor Stream-widths and Radiant Deviations (1954) (11)
Note on the number and origin of apollo asteroids (1973) (11)
A three-dimensional model of the nucleus of Comet Halley (1986) (10)
Brightness Changes in Periodic Comets. (1965) (9)
Results of Rocket and Meteor Research (1952) (9)
High-altitude winds by meteor-train photography (1954) (9)
Nucleus morphology of Comet Halley (1986) (9)
The activities of comets related to their aging and origin (1992) (9)
Detailed analysis of a surface feature on comet Halley (1986) (9)
The Sunward Tail of Comet Arend-Roland (1957) (8)
On the secular accelerations of PHOBOS and Jupiter V (1954) (8)
Dust-gas interaction deduced from Halley multicolor camera observations (1986) (8)
On the nature and origin of comets and their contribution to planets (1978) (8)
OORT-Cloud and Kuiper-Belt Comets (2000) (8)
Cometary nucleus and active regions (1984) (8)
WINDS IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE BY METEOR-TRAIN PHOTOGRAPHY (1953) (8)
Photographic 6-Aquarid meteors (1954) (7)
The Comet Nucleus Tour (Contour); A NASA Discovery Mission (2000) (7)
Proposed stellar and interstellar survey (1960) (7)
Synthetic Spectra for Supernovae. (1940) (7)
Meteoritic Erosion in Space. (1962) (7)
Comets - Nature, evolution and decay (1983) (6)
Low-Energy Cosmic-Ray Events Associated with Solar Flares (1959) (6)
The Giotto Halley Multicolour Camera (1986) (6)
Supernovae and Stellar Collisions. (1939) (6)
Survey of the Universe (1970) (6)
Elements and ephemeris of Comet J 1927 (Schwassmann-Wachmann) (6)
Photographic a-Capricornid meteors (1955) (6)
On the origin of the Taurid meteors. (1950) (6)
An Upper Limit to the Electron Density Near the Earth's Orbit. (1949) (6)
EVIDENCE FOR WINDS IN THE OUTER ATMOSPHERE. (1954) (6)
A Large Multiple-Mirror Telescope (MMT) Project (1972) (5)
A Search for Encke's Comet in Ancient Chinese Records: A Progress Report (1972) (5)
Physics of Comets: (Second Edition) (1997) (5)
Comets, meteors and the interplanetary complex (1949) (5)
A review of cometary sciences (1987) (5)
Active Polar Region on the Nucleus of Comet Halley (1989) (5)
On tests of the icy conglomerate model for comets. (1950) (4)
A research program based on the optical tracking of artificial earth satellites (1956) (4)
The Orbit of a Small Earth Satellite (1958) (4)
THE ORBIT OF PLUTO (1930) (4)
The Dust Cloud Hypothesis (1948) (4)
On the Icy Conglomerate Model for Comets (1952) (4)
A new activity index for comets (1992) (4)
The Strange Case of Pallas (1972) (4)
The Baker super-Schmidt meteor cameras. (1951) (4)
Images of the nucleus of Comet Halley. Volume 2: obtained by the Television System (TVS) on board the Vega spacecraft. (1995) (4)
Common Origin between the Quadrantids and the δ Aquarids Streams. (1963) (4)
A Large Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) Project (1972) (3)
Density, Pressure, and Temperature Data Above 30 Kilometers (1954) (3)
The collected contributions of Fred L. Whipple (1972) (3)
The Comet Nucleus Tour (Contour) (2002) (3)
On the Amount of Dust in the Asteroid Belt (1971) (3)
NOTES ON COMETS, METEORS, AND PLANETARY EVOLUTION (1958) (3)
Meteors as Probes of the Upper Atmosphere (1951) (3)
The optical tracking program for IGY satellites. (1956) (3)
Earth, Moon, And Planets (1971) (3)
NOTES ON COMET J 1927 (1928) (3)
New horizons in astronomy (1956) (3)
On the mass-luminosity relation for meteors. (1955) (3)
Orbital data and preliminary analyses of satellites 1957 Alpha and 1957 Beta (1958) (2)
Elements and ephemeris of the Lowell Observatory object (Pluto) second paper (2)
Observations by the Halley Multicolour Camera (1986) (2)
5.1 Sources of Interplanetary Dust (1976) (2)
Present Status of the Icy Conglomerate Model (1985) (2)
On the Growth of the Earth-Moon System (1974) (2)
A volatility index for comets (1992) (2)
Preliminary elements and ephemeris of the Lowell Observatory object (2)
Observations of Satellite I (1957) (2)
Radiometric observations of the nucleus of Comet Halley (1986) (2)
The scientific value of artificial satellites (1956) (2)
On the satellite geodesy program at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. (1967) (2)
Photographic orbits of sporadic meteors. (1946) (2)
On observing comets for nuclear rotation (1981) (2)
Comet Formation Induced by the Solar Wind (1976) (2)
The Early Stages of Nova Herculis II. The Bright Line Spectra. (1936) (2)
Upper Atmosphere Densities and Temperatures from Meteor Observations (1939) (2)
The Forest and the Trees (1991) (2)
ASTEROIDAL AND COMETARY ORBITS (1935) (2)
Comparison of active regions on the nucleus of Comet Halley (1987) (2)
On the Bright Line Spectrum of Nova Herculis. (1936) (2)
Optical and Visual Tracking of Artificial Satellites (1958) (2)
COMETS: DATA, PROBLEMS AND OBJECTIVES (1974) (1)
The orbits of 308 meteors photographed with super-Schmidt cameras. (1957) (1)
Proceedings of the symposium on the astronomy and physics of meteors (1963) (1)
Black heart of Comet Halley (1987) (1)
Dust activity of Comet Halley's nucleus (1986) (1)
The photographic Perseid meteors. (1953) (1)
Performance evaluation of the Celescope experiment (1971) (1)
Accretion of matter by a satellite (1954) (1)
Precession of the Pole of the Comet Encke Nucleus: Progress Report. (1978) (1)
Possible explanations of the secular acceleration of PHOBOS and Jupiter V. (1951) (1)
Application of the Theory of Continuous Ejection to Nova Herculis. (1936) (1)
Photographic study of the Geminid meteor shower (1939) (1)
The Dust Cloud About the Earth (1961) (1)
15. Physical Study of Comets (1970) (1)
The dilemma of the new-comet flux (1994) (1)
On the Brightness Variations and Surface Structures of Cometary Nuclei. (1977) (1)
Introduction by the director of the Smithsonian Observatory (1959) (1)
Physical Study of Comets Minor Planets and Meteorites (1977) (1)
Discovering the Nature of Comets. (1986) (1)
72. Some problems of meteor astronomy: Introductory Lecture (1957) (1)
A spectrophotometric study of the Cepheid variables [eta] Aquilae and [ delta] Cephei (1931) (1)
Optical Tracking of Artificial Earth Satellites: The Moonwatch program and the precision photographic program supply much of the raw orbit data. (1958) (1)
On the aging of comets (1988) (1)
Seasonal Variations in the Density of the Upper Atmosphere (1949) (1)
THE INCENTIVE OF A BOLD HYPOTHESIS: HYPERBOLIC METEORS AND COMETS (1972) (1)
The orbits of meteors photographed at two stations. (1948) (1)
Photographic i-Aquaridd meteors and evidence for the northern delta Aquarids (1957) (1)
EXPERIENCE IN PRECISION OPTICAL TRACKING OF SATELLITES FOR GEODESY (1961) (1)
Comments on the Sunward Tail of Comet Arend-Roland (1957) (1)
Comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock (1983d) - An Intimate Study (Invited) ( 10 min. ) (1983) (1)
46. Origins of meteoritic material (1968) (1)
Comets and the zodiacal light. (1951) (1)
Prismatic Deviation as a Function of Cosmical Orientation. (1936) (1)
Scientific need for a cometary mission (1979) (1)
Earth, Moon and Planets@@@Between the Planets@@@The Harvard Books on Astronomy Series (1947) (0)
Small Bodies in the Solar System (1972) (0)
Origin of the Solar System (1979) (0)
A Radio Telescope and the Heiligenschein (1969) (0)
The polar axis adjustment of photographic telescopes (1949) (0)
Proceedings of the NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (0)
Observations of Comet B 1929 (Neujmin) and of minor planets (0)
Accession 05-146 Fred Lawrence Whipple Papers, 2004 (2004) (0)
Origin and Evolution of Interplanetary Objects (1983) (0)
Commission 6: Astronomical Telegrams† (2005) (0)
Elements and ephemeris of Comet D 1929 (Wilk) (0)
Fundamental Problems in Predicting Positions of Artificial Satellites (1959) (0)
Meteors and the Upper Atmosphere (1948) (0)
Great Achievements in Space Exploration (1982) (0)
Elements and ephemeris of Comet K 1927 (Skjellerup) (0)
The rotation of "new" and "young" comet nuclei. (1980) (0)
COMET D 1929 (WILK) (1930) (0)
ESSAYS ON SCIENCE AND SOCIETY: Of Comets and Meteors. (2000) (0)
4. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES (1981) (0)
Photographic study of the Taurid meteor shower (1939) (0)
THE NATURE OF DUST PARTICLES (1997) (0)
Definite orbit of Apollo (1932 HA) (1936) (0)
Observations of comets and of minor planets (0)
Supernova 1989M in NGC 4579 (1989) (0)
Notes on the P/Halley nucleus (1981) (0)
Conference summary: Comets (1996) (0)
23. The Origin and Nature of Comets (1979) (0)
Sources of Interplanetary Dust Invited Paper (1976) (0)
THE STUDY OF METEOR PHENOMENA, UPPER ATMOSPHERE WINDS AND TURBULENCE AND CHEMILUMINESCENCE IN THE UPPER ATMOSPHERES. (1964) (0)
15. ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM (1981) (0)
THE STARS OF HIGH LUMINOSITY: A REVIEW (1931) (0)
The theory of micrometeorites (abstract) (1949) (0)
The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (1955) (0)
Of Comets and Meteors (2000) (0)
13. THE OTHER GIANT SYSTEMS - SATURN, URANUS, AND NEPTUNE (1981) (0)
8. OBSERVING THE MOON (1981) (0)
7. THE MOON'S INFLUENCE ON THE EARTH (1981) (0)
THE EARTH AS PART OF THE UNIVERSE (1978) (0)
Remarks on Comets, Meteors and Planetary Evolution (1964) (0)
The igy optical satellite tracking program as a source of geodetic information (1958) (0)
Book Review: Mystery of Comets (1985) (0)
Report on the precision optical tracking program for artificial earth-satellites. (1959) (0)
Some Current Trends of Thought concerning Cosmic Evolution: Summary of Communication: Presented before the Academy November 12th, 1947 (1948) (0)
Periodic Heat Transfer by Radiation through Layers in a Vacuum (1949) (0)
Early stages of Nova Herculis (1936) (0)
Zemlia, Luna i planety. (1967) (0)
6.5 Final Remarks (1976) (0)
MONOCHROMATIC TRANSMISSION OF THE 36-INCH LICK REFRACTOR (1935) (0)
Stellar Evolution: An Exploration from the Observatory . Otto Struve. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton Univ. Press, 1950. 266 pp. $4.00. (1950) (0)
14. COMPARISONS AMONG PLANETS AND SATELLITES (1981) (0)
Final scientific report : February 1, 1963-December 31, 1965 (1966) (0)
The Harvard radio-meteor program. (1956) (0)
Double or multiple cometary nuclei (1982) (0)
1. INTRODUCING THE PLANETS (1981) (0)
Accession 05-044 Fred Lawrence Whipple Papers, 1948-2000 (1948) (0)
Meteor Problems and Photographs of the Perseids (1965) (0)
10. PLUTO, MERCURY, AND VENUS (1981) (0)
The forest and the trees. [comments on comet nuclei, cometary origin, and correlations among cometary data] (1991) (0)
Review of Publications: Earth, Moon and Planets (third edition) (1969) (0)
Present status of the icy conglomerate model. [of comet nuclei (1985) (0)
A plan for operating an astronomical telescope in an earth satellite. (1959) (0)
Accumulation of Chondrules on Asteroids (Abstract) (1971) (0)
5. THE EARTH (1981) (0)
Mount Hopkins and the MMT. (1979) (0)
The Harvard Conference on Cepheid Variables (1938) (0)
OPTICAL SATELLITE TRACKING PROGRAM (1962) (0)
METEORS (1955) (0)
NOTES ON COMET K 1927 (0)
Summary of Workshop on Modern Observational Techniques for Comets (1981) (0)
Record Unit 7431 Fred Lawrence Whipple Papers, circa 1927-1983 (0)
Comets - Seeing One is like Seeing all (1980) (0)
6. THE EARTH AS AN ABODE FOR LIFE (1981) (0)
Second Edition PLANE AND SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY (2005) (0)
Note on Milne's Method of Maxima (1932) (0)
Line profiles in the spectrum of Nova Herculis (1937) (0)
Comets and asteroids (1933) (0)
Photographic meteor results for the month of October. (1948) (0)
The Dusty universe : proceedings of a symposium honoring Fred Lawrence Whipple on his retirement as director of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, October 17-19, 1973 (1975) (0)
Geodesy and space: Introduction (2013) (0)
A Photographic Study of the Perseid Meteor Shower* (Abstract) (1947) (0)
Halley's Spin Period is 10H19M (1980) (0)
Comets: Observations and Theory, 1978 (invited). (1978) (0)
Studies in interplanetary particles (1967) (0)
Film molding for the Baker super-Schmidt meteor cameras. (1951) (0)
Astroballistic heat transfer. (1951) (0)
Photometry of Orion (1936) (0)
The Cometary Nucleus - Current Concepts (invited) (1986) (0)
Photometric Applications of Wood Replica Gratings (1938) (0)
Accession 04-183 Fred Lawrence Whipple Papers, circa 1932-2004 (1932) (0)
NOTE ON COMET 192Α (REINMUTH) (1928) (0)
Implications for models and origin of the nucleus. (1975) (0)
9. THE NATURE OF THE MOON (1981) (0)
Comets: Data, problems and objectives. [origin in the solar system (1974) (0)
Record Unit 9520 Fred Lawrence Whipple Interviews, 1976 (1976) (0)
IV. Joint Discussion on Astronomical Observations with Artificial Satellites, Rockets and Balloons (1960) (0)
The Comets of 1937 (1937) (0)
On the colors of external galaxies (1936) (0)
The status of cometary science (1976) (0)
The study of the physics of cometary nuclei (1975) (0)
The consequences of wasting by sublimation on comet nuclei. (1981) (0)
The Physics of Cometary Nuclei (1997) (0)
National Geodetic Satellite Program, Part II: Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (1977) (0)
2. HOW THE SYSTEM HOLDS TOGETHER (1981) (0)
The Nucleus: Panel Discussion (1976) (0)
Note on the Design of a Prism Spectrograph (1935) (0)
Ice and Comets (1984) (0)
12. GREAT JUPITER AND HIS SATELLITES (1981) (0)
3. THE DISCOVERIES OF NEPTUNE AND PLUTO (1981) (0)

This paper list is powered by the following services:

Other Resources About Fred Lawrence Whipple

en.wikipedia.org

What Schools Are Affiliated With Fred Lawrence Whipple?

Fred Lawrence Whipple is affiliated with the following schools:

Image Attributions

Image Source for Fred Lawrence Whipple