George Wald | Academic Influence

George Wald's AcademicInfluence.com Rankings

George Wald

Biology

#161

World Rank

#289

Historical Rank

#99

USA Rank

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Biology

George Wald's Degrees

PhD Biology Columbia University

Why Is George Wald Influential?

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According to Wikipedia, George Wald was an American scientist and activist who studied pigments in the retina. He won a share of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Haldan Keffer Hartline and Ragnar Granit.

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George Wald's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

The Molecular Basis of Visual Excitation (1968) (991)
The molecular basis of visual excitation. (1968) (632)
HUMAN VISION AND THE SPECTRUM. (1945) (583)
Tautomeric Forms of Metarhodopsin (1963) (535)
Pre-Lumirhodopsin and the Bleaching of Visual Pigments (1963) (434)
Visual Pigments in Single Rods and Cones of the Human Retina (1964) (392)
THE MOLAR EXTINCTION OF RHODOPSIN (1953) (390)
CIS-TRANS ISOMERS OF VITAMIN A AND RETINENE IN THE RHODOPSIN SYSTEM (1952) (389)
THE RECEPTORS OF HUMAN COLOR VISION. (1964) (329)
CAROTENOIDS AND THE VISUAL CYCLE (1935) (297)
The change in refractive power of the human eye in dim and bright light. (1947) (240)
The problem of visual excitation. (1963) (231)
THE ROLE OF SULFHYDRYL GROUPS IN THE BLEACHING AND SYNTHESIS OF RHODOPSIN (1952) (186)
Visual Pigments in Human and Monkey Retinas (1963) (170)
THE VISUAL CELLS AND VISUAL PIGMENT OF THE MUDPUPPY, NECTURUS (1963) (169)
THE ORIGIN OF OPTICAL ACTIVITY (1957) (161)
The light reaction in the bleaching of rhodopsin. (1950) (160)
Blue-blindness in the normal fovea. (1967) (157)
Rhodopsin and Porphyropsin Fields In the Adult Bullfrog Retina (1971) (139)
Reaction of the Rhodopsin Chromophore with Sodium Borohydride (1965) (134)
The photoreceptor process in vision. (1955) (127)
ON RHODOPSIN IN SOLUTION (1938) (124)
The neo-b isomer of vitamin A and retinene. (1956) (119)
THE DARK ADAPTATION OF RETINAL FIELDS OF DIFFERENT SIZE AND LOCATION (1935) (118)
THE PORPHYROPSIN VISUAL SYSTEM (1939) (111)
Photo-labile Pigments of the Chicken Retina (1937) (110)
Cyanopsin, a new pigment of cone vision. (1953) (107)
THE REDUCTION OF RETINENE1 TO VITAMIN A1 IN VITRO (1949) (104)
Visual Pigment of a Decapod Crustacean: The Lobster (1957) (101)
On the mechanism of the visual threshold and visual adaptation. (1954) (98)
Carotenoids of the Chicken Retina (1937) (98)
VISUAL ADAPTATION AND CHEMISTRY OF THE RODS (1937) (93)
ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF RHODOPSIN AND OPSIN (1956) (92)
Visual Pigment of the Horseshoe Crab, Limulus Polyphemus (1960) (92)
Synthesis and Bleaching of Rhodopsin (1956) (92)
Color-Vision Mechanisms in the Peripheral Retinas of Normal and Dichromatic Observers (1973) (91)
The chemical evolution of vision. (1945) (91)
THE VISUAL ACUITY AND INTENSITY DISCRIMINATION OF DROSOPHILA (1934) (88)
AN EXPERIMENT IN HUMAN DIETARY NIGHT-BLINDNESS (1938) (88)
Single and Multiple Visual Systems in Arthropods (1968) (86)
ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF VITAMINS A1 AND A2 (1939) (85)
Photochemistry of Iodopsin (1967) (80)
Vitamin A in eye tissues. (1935) (79)
THE METAMORPHOSIS OF VISUAL SYSTEMS IN THE SEA LAMPREY (1957) (77)
The Dissociation of form Vision and Light Perception in Strabismic Amblyopia (1944) (77)
The sensitivity of the human eye to infra-red radiation. (1947) (76)
Carotenoids and the Vitamin A Cycle in Vision (1934) (75)
Visual Pigments and Depths of Habitat of Marine Fishes (1957) (73)
Transformations of Squid Rhodopsin at Low Temperatures (1964) (73)
Vitamin A in the Retina (1933) (72)
Rod and cone vision in retinitis pigmentosa. (1956) (70)
Visual Excitation and Blood Clotting (1965) (70)
CHAPTER 7 – The Distribution and Evolution of Visual Systems (1960) (69)
THE STABILITY OF RHODOPSIN AND OPSIN : EFFECTS OF PH AND AGING (1956) (67)
Visual Pigments of Crayfish (1967) (67)
The chemistry of rod vision. (1951) (66)
Defective color vision and its inheritance. (1966) (66)
The significance of vertebrate metamorphosis. (1958) (63)
The mechanism of rhodopsin synthesis. (1951) (63)
GEOMETRICAL ISOMERS OF RETINENE (1953) (63)
Activity and Nutritional Deprivation. (1944) (62)
THE VISUAL SYSTEMS OF EURYHALINE FISHES (1941) (61)
Visual Purple System in Fresh-water Fishes (1937) (61)
Human color vision and color blindness. (1965) (59)
THE ORIGINS OF LIFE. (1964) (58)
PIGMENTS OF THE RETINA : I. THE BULL FROG. (1936) (56)
The photochemistry of vision (2004) (55)
The biochemistry of vision. (1953) (54)
Human Rhodopsin (1958) (54)
IODOPSIN (1955) (54)
Crustacyanin, the blue carotenoid-protein of the lobster shell. (1948) (53)
The Synthesis of Rhodopsin from Retinene(1). (1950) (53)
Photochemical and stereochemical properties of carotenoids at low temperatures. (1959) (52)
THE HEMOGLOBIN OF THE SEA LAMPREY, PETROMYZON MARINUS (1951) (52)
The Significance of Vertebrate Metamorphosis (1960) (50)
PIGMENTS OF THE RETINA : II. SEA ROBIN, SEA BASS, AND SCUP. (1936) (50)
The Origin of Life (1954) (49)
AREA AND VISUAL THRESHOLD (1938) (49)
THE MEDIAN EYE OF LIMULUS: AN ULTRAVIOLET RECEPTOR. (1963) (48)
The Synthesis of Rhodopsin from Vitamin A(1). (1950) (47)
Vision in Annelid Worms (1977) (47)
The participation of different types of cones in human light and dark adaptation. (1955) (45)
THE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN CYTOCHROME OXIDASE AND CARBON MONOXIDE (1957) (44)
Alleged effects of the near ultraviolet on human vision. (1952) (43)
The Photoreceptor Function of the Carotenoids and Vitamins A (1943) (41)
THE VITAMIN A OF THE LOBSTER (1957) (39)
Identification of a violet receptor in human color vision. (1954) (38)
PIGMENTS OF THE OAT COLEOPTILE. (1936) (37)
Visual excitation: a chemo-anatomical study (1962) (37)
HINDERED CIS ISOMERS OF VITAMIN A AND RETINENE: THE STRUCTURE OF THE NEO-B ISOMER. (1955) (36)
THE SYNTHESIS FROM VITAMIN A1 OF "RETINENE1" AND OF A NEW 545 mµ CHROMOGEN YIELDING LIGHT-SENSITIVE PRODUCTS (1948) (36)
Cis-trans isomers of vitamin A and retinene in vision. (1952) (35)
Metamorphosis: An Overview (1981) (35)
RESPIRATORY EFFECTS UPON THE VISUAL THRESHOLD (1942) (34)
The visual function of the vitamins A. (1960) (34)
THE VISUAL SYSTEM AND VITAMINS A OF THE SEA LAMPREY (1942) (33)
Life and Light (1959) (33)
GALLOXANTHIN, A CAROTENOID FROM THE CHICKEN RETINA (1948) (33)
Spectral Sensitivity of the Common Prawn, Palaemonetes vulgaris (1968) (32)
Analysis of Retinal Function by a Two-Filter Method (1960) (32)
THE VISUAL SYSTEM OF THE ALLIGATOR (1957) (31)
Frequency or Wavelength? (1965) (31)
EXPERIMENTAL HUMAN VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY AND THE ABILITY TO PERFORM MUSCULAR EXERCISE (1942) (30)
Visual Pigments and Vitamins A of the Clawed Toad, Xenopus laevis (1955) (29)
The Spectral Sensitivity of the Human Eye. I. A Spectral Adaptometer (1945) (29)
The interconversion of the retinenes and vitamins A in vitro. (1950) (29)
An Experiment in Human Vitamin A-Deficiency. (1939) (28)
Eye and Camera (1950) (28)
NUTRITIONAL NIGHT BLINDNESS (1958) (27)
The Enzymatic Reduction of the Retinenes to the Vitamins A. (1949) (27)
The photochemical basis of rod vision. (1951) (25)
The metamorphosis of visual system in Amphibia. (1946) (23)
Photochemical aspects of visual excitation. (1958) (22)
Life and mind in the universe (1984) (22)
VITAMIN A IN EYE TISSUES (1935) (22)
Vitamin A deficiency : a field study in Newfoundland and Labrador. (1941) (20)
Orientation of Intermediates in the Bleaching of Shear-Oriented Rhodopsin (1973) (20)
HINDERED CIS ISOMERS OF VITAMIN A AND RETINENE: THE STRUCTURE OF THE NEO-b ISOMER. (1956) (19)
Oscillations of Potential in the Electroretinogram of the Lobster (1968) (18)
The Orientation of Rhodopsin and Other Pigments in Dry Films (1972) (17)
THE VITAMIN A OF A EUPHAUSIID CRUSTACEAN (1957) (17)
A Portable Visual Adaptometer (1941) (16)
Visual pigments and photoreceptors—Review and outlook (1974) (16)
FRACTIONATION OF THE EYE PIGMENTS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER (1946) (15)
Visual Pigments and the Keilin–Hartree Effect (1966) (15)
Fitness in the universe: Choices and necessities (2004) (14)
THE MOBILIZATION OF VITAMIN A BY THE SYMPATHICOADRENAL SYSTEM (1940) (14)
A generation in search of a future (1969) (14)
THE ACTION OF ENZYMES ON RHODOPSIN (1958) (14)
Bleaching of Visual Purple in Solution (1937) (13)
Pigments of the Bull Frog Retina (1935) (13)
THE STABILITY OF RHODOPSIN AND OPSIN (1956) (12)
THE ALLEGED OCCURRENCE OF ADRENALIN IN THE MEALWORM (1952) (12)
Visual Pigments and Photoreceptor Physiology (1973) (12)
Innovation in biology. (1958) (10)
THE HUMAN EXCRETION OF CAROTENOIDS AND VITAMIN A. (1941) (10)
Does Rhodopsin Contain a Trace Metal? (1959) (9)
PIGMENTS OF THE RETINA (1936) (9)
ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF VITAMINS A 1 AND As (9)
The Visual Purple System in Marine Fishes (1935) (8)
The Case Against Genetic Engineering (1976) (8)
The Influence of Intensity on the Visual Functions of Drosophila. (1933) (6)
Participation of rods and cones in visual responses. (Reply to the comments of C. S. Bridgman). (1961) (6)
Self-intellection and identity in the philosophy of Plotinus (1990) (5)
Defending the defenders. (1975) (5)
Factors affecting the change in refractive power of the eye at high and low illuminations. (1946) (5)
How the theory of solutions arose (1986) (5)
Phospholipids in the visual cycle. (1946) (5)
The chemistry of visual excitation. (1957) (3)
The molecular basis of human vision. (1969) (3)
Molecular basis of visual excitation. (1968) (3)
THE ACTION OF THIAMINE AND COCARBOXYLASE UPON THE FROG VENTRICLE (1941) (3)
Origin of the theory of solutions. (1982) (3)
THE CHEMISTRY OF THE VISUAL PURPLE SYSTEM (1935) (2)
The Vertebrate Eye and Its Adaptive Radiation. Gordon L. Walls (1944) (2)
Scotopic visual pigments in the albino brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis. (1970) (2)
Arise, Ye Prisoners (1974) (2)
Remarks on Acceptance of the Proctor Medal Award: June 1955 (1955) (2)
The Artist in the University (1957) (1)
twenty-six afternoons of biology : an introductory laboratory manual (1962) (1)
[The retinal basis of human vision]. (1965) (1)
Photochemistry of lodopsin. (1967) (1)
Wald and the cambridge city council. (1976) (1)
Visual Receptor Lamellation and Active Rhodopsin. (1954) (1)
The harvey lectures. Series 51 (1955–1956): Academic Press Inc., New York, 1957 (1958) (1)
Introduction to the Problem: An Interview with George Wald (1971) (1)
PIGMENTS OF THE RETINA (1936) (1)
Remarkable crime bill. (1970) (1)
Today's Army: Drafted or Professional? (1969) (1)
THE METAMORPHOSIS OF VISUAL SYSTEMS IN THE (1957) (1)
The problems of vicarious selection. (1967) (1)
Interconversions of retinene and vitamin A in vitro. (1948) (1)
Selig Hecht: February 8, 1892-September 18, 1947. (1991) (1)
The molecular basis of vision (1952) (1)
DECISION AND DESTINY: THE FUTURE OF LIFE ON EARTH (1970) (1)
In defence of MIT (1975) (1)
THE SEARCH FOR COMMON GROUND (1966) (1)
Biochemistry of the developing nervous system. Proceedings of the First International Neurochemieal Symposium: Edited by Heinrich Waelsch, Columbia University and Psychiatric Institute, New York, N. Y. Academic Press Inc., New York, N. Y., 1955. xviii + 537 pp. Price $11.50 (1956) (1)
Arrests in Afghanistan (1982) (0)
T H E VITAMIN A OF T H E LOBSTER BY GEORGE WALD AND STANLEY P. BURG* (0)
Book Review:The Amphibian Visual System: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Katherine V. Fite (1978) (0)
[Are there 2 different types of deuteranopia?]. (1966) (0)
T H E VITAMIN A OF A EUPHAUSIID CRUSTACEAN BY GEORGE WALD AND PAUL K. BROWN* (0)
Wald and the Cambridge City Council (1976) (0)
T H E ACTION OF ENZYMES ON RHODOPSIN BY CHARLES M. RADDING* AND GEORGE WALD$ (2003) (0)
Letter from Robert Hofstadter, Henry Taube, William Fowler, and George Wald to Marshall W. Nirenberg (1984) (0)
III. World Peace and Disarmament (1970) (0)
Letter from George Wald to Joshua Lederberg (1986) (0)
Vertebrate Metamorphosis. (1959) (0)
Basic factors in the spectral sensitivity of human vision. (1949) (0)
III A Generation in Search of a Future 1 (1969) (0)
T H E VISUAL SYSTEMS OF EURYHALINE FISHES BY GEORGE WALD* (2003) (0)
Response : Visual Receptor Lamellation and Active Rhodopsin (1954) (0)
FINAL REPORT, OCTOBER 6, 1966, (1966) (0)
[Book Reviews] (1966) (0)
Reflections: The Nuclear-Power-Truth Maze (1976) (0)
On the Chemistry of Inert Gases. (1962) (0)
Over these past few years I have felt increasingly that something is terribly wrong (1969) (0)
CIS-TRANS ISOMERS OF VITAMIN A AND R E T I N E N E I N THE RHODOPSIN SYSTEM BY RUTH HUBBARD AND GEORGE WALD* (2003) (0)
Arise, Ye Prisoners of Extinction. (1976) (0)
Remarkable Crime Bill (1970) (0)
CHICAGO: The Social Control of Science and Its Applications (1969) (0)
Geometrical Isomers of Vitamin A and Retinene (2003) (0)
T H E Visual System of T H E Alligator* (0)
The sensitivity of human rod and cone vision to infra-red radiation. (1946) (0)
Proceedings: Visual pigments and photoreceptors--review and outlook. (1974) (0)
Retinal mechanism of vision. (1952) (0)
Progress in the Study of Vision (1960) (0)
Howard Kuramitsu (2001) (0)
FRACTIONATION OF THE EYE PIGMENTS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. (1946) (0)
Carotenoids and vision. (0)
THE VISUAL SYSTEM AND VITAMINS A OF THE SEA LAMPREY (1942) (0)
Tabulae biologicae, vol. XXII (oculus), part 2: Edited by F. P. Fischer, K. Steindorff, J. S. Friedenwald, J. G. Van Manen and Arnold Sorsby, W. Junk, The Hague, Holland, 1951. 284 pp. Price 70 Dutch Guilders (1953) (0)
Pigments of the Oat Coleoptile (1936) (0)
III – Biochemical Systems (1954) (0)
2 december workers and the environment. (1971) (0)
The Doctor in A Screwed-up World (1972) (0)
Response : Vertebrate Metamorphosis (1959) (0)
Spectral Sensitivity of Common Prawn 695 APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE These experiments employed much the same procedures as those of Wald and Krainin (2003) (0)

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