Michael Balls | Academic Influence

Michael Balls's AcademicInfluence.com Rankings

Michael Balls

Biology

#1394

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#2339

Historical Rank

Zoology

#83

World Rank

#243

Historical Rank

Ecology

#308

World Rank

#348

Historical Rank

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Biology

Michael Balls's Degrees

Bachelors Biology University of Manchester

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Why Is Michael Balls Influential?

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According to Wikipedia, Michael Balls is a British zoologist and professor emeritus of medical cell biology at the University of Nottingham. He is best known for his work on laboratory animal welfare and alternatives to animal testing.

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Michael Balls's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

Methods of in vitro toxicology. (2002) (427)
An improved MTT assay. (1993) (374)
Guidance on Good Cell Culture Practice (2005) (349)
The International EU/COLIPA In Vitro Phototoxicity Validation Study: Results of Phase II (Blind Trial). Part 1: The 3T3 NRU Phototoxicity Test. (1998) (258)
The International EU/COLIPA In Vitro Phototoxicity Validation Study: Results of Phase II (Blind Trial). Part 1: The 3T3 NRU Phototoxicity Test. (1998) (258)
The EC/HO international validation study on alternatives to the draize eye irritation test. (1995) (248)
The EC/HO international validation study on alternatives to the draize eye irritation test. (1995) (248)
Research reportAn improved MIT assay (1993) (245)
Animal testing and alternative approaches for the human health risk assessment under the proposed new European chemicals regulation (2004) (210)
The ECVAM International Validation Study on in Vitro Tests for Acute Skin Irritation: Report on the Validity of the EPISKIN and EpiDerm Assays and on the Skin Integrity Function Test a (2007) (207)
The Use of Reconstructed Human Epidermis for Skin Absorption Testing: Results of the Validation Study (2008) (199)
The FRAME multicentre project on in vitro cytotoxicology. (1986) (193)
A proposed eye irritation testing strategy to reduce and replace in vivo studies using Bottom-Up and Top-Down approaches. (2010) (186)
The ECVAM International Validation Study on In Vitro Tests for Skin Corrosivity. 2. Results and Evaluation by the Management Team. (1998) (185)
The Role of Prevalidation in the Development, Validation and Acceptance of Alternative Methods (1995) (173)
The Role of Prevalidation in the Development, Validation and Acceptance of Alternative Methods (1995) (173)
A Review of the Implementation of the Embryonic Stem Cell Test (EST) (2009) (165)
The Production of Avian (Egg Yolk) Antibodies: IgY (1996) (161)
An evaluation of three in vitro cytotoxicity assays. (1986) (160)
A European perspective on alternatives to animal testing for environmental hazard identification and risk assessment. (2013) (157)
The Practical Application of Three Validated In Vitro Embryotoxicity Tests (2006) (148)
The three Rs: the way forward: the report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 11. (1995) (138)
The three Rs: the way forward: the report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 11. (1995) (138)
Replacement Alternatives in Teaching. Progress in the reduction, refinement and replacement of Animal Experimentation (1999) (132)
Biomarkers as Predictive Tools in Toxicity Testing (2000) (129)
Replacement of animal procedures: alternatives in research, education and testing (1994) (129)
Toxicity testing: creating a revolution based on new technologies. (2005) (119)
Reconstructed Human Epidermis for Skin Absorption Testing: Results of the German Prevalidation Study (2006) (116)
Report and Recommendations of the CAAT 1 /ERGATT 2 Workshop on the Validation of Toxicity Test Procedures 3 (1990) (115)
Organ culture (1975) (115)
Report and Recommendations of the CAAT 1 /ERGATT 2 Workshop on the Validation of Toxicity Test Procedures 3 (1990) (115)
Determination of the Starting dose for Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50) Testing in the up and down Procedure (UDP) from Cytotoxicity Data (1999) (114)
Cell Transformation Assays as Predictors of Human Carcinogenicity (1999) (114)
Results of a Validation Study in Germany on Two in Vitro Alternatives to the Draize Eye Irritation Test, the HET-CAM Test and the 3T3 NRU Cytotoxicity Test (1996) (109)
EEC/COLIPA project on in vitro phototoxicity testing: First results obtained with a Balb/c 3T3 cell phototoxicity assay. (1994) (109)
EEC/COLIPA project on in vitro phototoxicity testing: First results obtained with a Balb/c 3T3 cell phototoxicity assay. (1994) (109)
Assessment of the human epidermis model SkinEthic RHE for in vitro skin corrosion testing of chemicals according to new OECD TG 431. (2006) (105)
The ECVAM Prevalidation Study on the Use of EpiDerm for Skin Corrosivity Testing (2000) (103)
An Analysis of the Use of Animal Models in Predicting Human Toxicology and Drug Safety (2014) (102)
ECVAM Good Cell Culture Practice Task Force Report 1 (2002) (98)
A Study on UV Filter Chemicals from Annex VII of European Union Directive 76/768/EEC, in the In Vitro 3T3 NRU Phototoxicity Test (1998) (97)
A Study on UV Filter Chemicals from Annex VII of European Union Directive 76/768/EEC, in the In Vitro 3T3 NRU Phototoxicity Test (1998) (97)
Eye Irritation Testing: The Way Forward. The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 34. (1999) (96)
Eye Irritation Testing: The Way Forward. The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 34. (1999) (96)
Validation study of alternatives to the Draize eye irritation test in Germany: Cytotoxicity testing and HET-CAM test with 136 industrial chemicals. (1993) (92)
Interlaboratory assessment of the bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) assay. (1994) (91)
Screening Chemicals for Reproductive Toxicity: The Current Alternatives (1995) (86)
Currently available in vitro methods used in the regulatory toxicology. (2002) (86)
A national validation project of alternative methods to the Draize rabbit eye test. (1990) (84)
Interlaboratory assessment of alternatives to the Draize eye irritation test in Germany. (1991) (83)
The Principles of Weight of Evidence Validation of Test Methods and Testing Strategies (2006) (81)
The Principles of Weight of Evidence Validation of Test Methods and Testing Strategies (2006) (81)
An Overall Strategy for the Testing of Chemicals for Human Hazard and Risk Assessment under the EU REACH System (2003) (80)
The EpiDerm Test Protocol for the Upcoming ECVAM Validation Study on In Vitro Skin Irritation Tests — An Assessment of the Performance of the Optimised Test (2005) (77)
Validation of the Rat Limb Bud Micromass Test in the International ECVAM Validation Study on Three In Vitro Embryotoxicity Tests (2004) (76)
Alternative (non-animal) methods for chemicals testing: Current status and future prospects - Overview (2002) (74)
Lessons learned from validation of in vitro toxicity test: from failure to acceptance into regulatory practice. (2001) (74)
Alternative (non-animal) methods for chemicals testing: Current status and future prospects - Overview (2002) (74)
Establishment of an in vitro reporter gene assay for developmental cardiac toxicity. (2001) (72)
The Second ECVAM Workshop on Phototoxicity Testing (2000) (71)
The Second ECVAM Workshop on Phototoxicity Testing (2000) (71)
Follow-up to the ECVAM Prevalidation Study on In Vitro Tests for Acute Skin Irritation (2002) (71)
Animals and Alternatives in Toxicity Testing (1985) (69)
Spontaneous neoplasms in Amphibia: a review and descriptions of six new cases. (1962) (69)
In Vitro Phototoxicity Testing (1994) (67)
The Use of Basal Cytotoxicity and Target Organ Toxicity Tests in Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (1992) (65)
The Principles of Good Laboratory Practice: Application to In Vitro Toxicology Studies (1999) (64)
An Analysis of the Use of Dogs in Predicting Human Toxicology and Drug Safety (2013) (61)
Acute Toxicity Testing in Vitro and the Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (1996) (60)
The Three Rs: The Way Forward (1995) (59)
The Three Rs: The Way Forward (1995) (59)
Assessment of the Skin Irritation Potential of Chemicals by Using the SkinEthic Reconstructed Human Epidermal Model and the Common Skin Irritation Protocol Evaluated in the ECVAM Skin Irritation Validation Study (2006) (58)
Novel Advanced In Vitro Methods for Long-term Toxicity Testing (2001) (58)
Cultivation in vitro of normal and neoplastic cells of Xenopus laevis. (1966) (56)
Practical Aspects of the Validation of Toxicity Test Procedures (1995) (55)
Practical Aspects of the Validation of Toxicity Test Procedures (1995) (55)
The Importance of Exposure Period and Cell Type in In Vitro Cytotoxicity Tests (1986) (54)
ECITTS: An Integrated Approach to the Application of In Vitro Test Systems to the Hazard Assessment of Chemicals 1 , 2 (1992) (54)
ECITTS: An Integrated Approach to the Application of In Vitro Test Systems to the Hazard Assessment of Chemicals 1 , 2 (1992) (54)
13th Meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals (SGOMSEC): alternative testing methodologies for organ toxicity. (1998) (54)
Optimisation of the EpiDerm test protocol for the upcoming ECVAM validation study on in vitro skin irritation tests. (2004) (53)
The Current Scientific and Legal Status of Alternative Methods to the LD50 Test for Botulinum Neurotoxin Potency Testing (2010) (51)
Oral acute toxic class method: a successful alternative to the oral LD50 test. (2005) (51)
Comparison of the in vitro cytotoxicities and acute in vivo toxicities of 59 chemicals. (1987) (51)
The Unheeded Cry: Animal Consciousness, Animal Pain and Science (1991) (51)
Predicting ocular irritancy and recovery from injury using Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. (1991) (51)
Validation of alternative methods for the potency testing of vaccines. (1998) (50)
Predicting Human Drug Toxicity and Safety via Animal Tests: Can Any One Species Predict Drug Toxicity in Any Other, and Do Monkeys Help? (2015) (49)
The Principles of Validation and the ECVAM Validation Process (2002) (49)
Predicting the risk of developmental toxicity from in vitro assays. (2005) (49)
The FRAME interlaboratory programme on in vitro cytotoxicology. (1985) (49)
Assessment of the Eye Irritating Properties of Chemicals by Applying Alternatives to the Draize Rabbit Eye Test: The Use of QSARs and In Vitro Tests for the Classification of Eye Irritation (2005) (48)
A Prevalidation Study on In Vitro Skin Corrosivity Testing (1995) (48)
In vitro studies on the control of myoepithelial cell contraction in the granular glands of Xenopus laevis skin. (1978) (46)
The Importance of the Prediction Model in the Validation of Alternative Tests (2001) (46)
Organ culture in biomedical research. (1976) (45)
In Vitro Cytotoxicity of 150 Chemicals to 3T3-L1 Cells, Assessed by the FRAME Kenacid Blue Method (1988) (45)
Preliminary Results of the ECVAM Validation Study on Three In Vitro Embryotoxicity Tests (2001) (45)
Neutral red release from pre-loaded cells as an in vitro approach to testing for eye irritancy potential. (1990) (44)
Quantitative in vitro assessment of phototoxicity using a human skin model, Skin2. (1994) (44)
application of the human dermal model skin(2) ZK 1350 to phototoxicity and skin corrosivity testing. (1995) (44)
Control mechanisms of growth and differentiation (1971) (43)
An Evaluation of the Proposed OECD Testing Strategy for Skin Corrosion (1998) (41)
A Vital Dye Release Method for Assessing the Short-term Cytotoxic Effects of Chemicals and Formulations (1989) (41)
The Use of Transgenic Animals in the European Union (1999) (39)
Location and release of TRH and 5-HT from amphibian skin. (1981) (39)
The relationship between cell sizes, respiration rates and survival of amphibian tissues in long-term organ cultures. (1973) (38)
A Scientific and Animal Welfare Assessment of the OECD Health Effects Test Guidelines for the Safety Testing of Chemicals under the European Union REACH System (2004) (38)
The validation and acceptance of alternatives to animal testing. (1999) (38)
Statement on the scientific validity of the 3T3 NRU PT test (an in vitro test for phototoxic potential) (1998) (36)
Use of the dog as non-rodent test species in the safety testing schedule associated with the registration of crop and plant protection products (pesticides): present status (2005) (36)
Successful validation of in vitro methods in toxicology by ZEBET, the National Centre for Alternatives in Germany at the BfR (Federal Institute for Risk Assessment). (2008) (36)
The Role of ECVAM in Promoting the Regulatory Acceptance of Alternative Methods in the European Union (2001) (36)
IRAG working group 2: CAM-based assays (1997) (36)
Validation Successes: Chemicals (2002) (35)
Loss of Trans-epithelial Impermeability of a Confluent Monolayer of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) Cells as a Determinant of Ocular Irritancy Potential (1990) (35)
Animals and Alternatives in Toxicology (1991) (33)
The Availability of Human Tissue for Biomedical Research: The Report and Recommendations of the ECVAM Workshop 32. (1998) (33)
The structure and ultrastructure of the renal tubule of the urodele amphibian, Amphiuma means. (1978) (32)
The way forward in reproductive/developmental toxicity testing. (2009) (32)
Statement of the scientific validity of the embryonic stem cell test (EST) -- an in Vitro test for embryotoxicity. (2002) (32)
EMBRYOTOXICITY TESTING OF VALPROIC ACID (1983) (32)
[First results of an EC/COLIPA validation project of in vitro phototoxicity testing methods] (1994) (32)
3.11. Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity (2005) (30)
Intelligent Testing Strategies for Chemicals Testing — A Case of More Haste, Less Speed? (2005) (30)
The Potential Use of Non-invasive Methods in the Safety Assessment of Cosmetic Products (1999) (29)
Progress toward the Validation of Alternative Tests (1997) (29)
Recent efforts to elucidate the scientific validity of animal-based drug tests by the pharmaceutical industry, pro-testing lobby groups, and animal welfare organisations (2019) (29)
Translation of new technologies: from basic research to drug discovery and development. (2008) (29)
A 1-year toxicity study in dogs is no longer a scientifically justifiable core data requirement for the safety assessment of pesticides (2010) (29)
Two Procedures for the Prediction of Acute Toxicity (LD50) from Cytotoxicity Data (1992) (28)
Report on the COLIPA Workshop on Mechanisms of Eye Irritation. (1998) (27)
HET-CAM test. (1995) (27)
Integrated Testing Strategies for Toxicity Employing New and Existing Technologies (2011) (27)
The Origins and Early Days of the Three Rs Concept (2009) (27)
The Establishment of Human Research Tissue Banking in the UK and Several Western European Countries (2001) (27)
13th meeting of the Scientific Group on Methodologies for the Safety Evaluation of Chemicals (SGOMSEC): alternative testing methodologies and conceptual issues. (1998) (26)
A Critical Evaluation of the 2011 ECHA Reports on Compliance with the REACH and CLP Regulations and on the Use of Alternatives to Testing on Animals for Compliance with the REACH Regulation (2011) (26)
A scientific and animal welfare assessment of the OECD Health Effects Test Guidelines for the safety testing of chemicals under the European Union REACH system. (2004) (26)
EEC/COLIPA in vitro photoirritancy program: results of the first stage of validation. (1995) (26)
EEC/COLIPA in vitro photoirritancy program: results of the first stage of validation. (1995) (26)
[Development of a new in vitro test for dermal phototoxicity using a model of reconstituted human epidermis] (1997) (26)
Lymphoid Tumors in Amphibia: A Review1 (1968) (25)
Why modification of the LD50 test will not be enough (1991) (25)
Spontaneous tumours in amphibia. A review. (1974) (25)
Possibilities for a New Approach to Chemicals Risk Assessment — The Report of a FRAME Workshop a (2006) (25)
The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique: Timeless Insights and Unheeded Warnings (2010) (25)
Balb/c 3T3 cytotoxicity test. (1995) (25)
The Way Forward in Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Testing (2008) (24)
The Validation of Toxicological Prediction Models (1997) (24)
Assessment of two alternative methods for predicting the in vivo toxicities of metallic compounds. (1987) (24)
Cancer Resistance in Amphibians (2007) (23)
Validation of alternative toxicity test systems: lessons learned and to be learned. (1987) (23)
Report and Recommendations of an International Workshop on Promotion of the Regulatory Acceptance of Validated Non-animal Toxicity Test Procedures 1 (1990) (23)
3.8. UV-induced Effects (2005) (23)
The three Rs of Russell & Burch and the testing of biological products. (1996) (23)
Report and Recommendations of an International Workshop on Promotion of the Regulatory Acceptance of Validated Non-animal Toxicity Test Procedures 1 (1990) (23)
Validation project of alternatives for the Draize eye test. (1987) (23)
Cell proliferation in Xenopus tissues: A comparison of mitotic incidence in vivo and in organ culture (1969) (23)
Modern biostatistical methods for assessing in vitro/in vivo correlation of severely eye irritating chemicals in a validation study of in vitro alternatives to the Draize eye test. (1995) (22)
LYMPHOSARCOMA IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN CLAWED TOAD, XENOPUS LAEVIS: A VIRUS TUMOR * (1965) (22)
Animals and Alternatives in Toxicology: Present Status and Future Prospects (The Second Report of the FRAME Toxicity Committee) 1 (1991) (22)
Evaluation of eye irritation potential: statistical analysis and tier testing strategies. (1997) (22)
Defined Structural and Performance Criteria would Facilitate the Validation and Acceptance of Alternative Test Procedures (1997) (22)
Amphibian organ culture (1973) (21)
ECVAM's Contributions to the Implementation of the Three Rs in the Production and Quality Control of Biologicals (2002) (21)
The ECITTS integrated toxicity testing scheme: The application of in vitro test systems to the hazard assessment of chemicals. (1994) (21)
A comparison of two cytotoxicity assays for the detection of metabolism-mediated toxicity in vitro: a study with cyclophosphamide. (1985) (21)
12 – Ocular Irritation (1996) (21)
The ECITTS integrated toxicity testing scheme: The application of in vitro test systems to the hazard assessment of chemicals. (1994) (21)
New Technologies for Toxicity Testing (2012) (20)
Development and Validation of Non-animal Tests and Testing Strategies: The Identification of a Coordinated Response to the Challenge and the Opportunity Presented by the Sixth Amendment to the Cosmetics Directive (76/768/EEC) (1995) (20)
Statement on the application of the CORROSITEX assay for skin corrosivity testing. (2001) (20)
Effects of pH, Ca2+, temperature, and protease pretreatment on interkingdom fusion (1979) (20)
Development and Validation of Non-animal Tests and Testing Strategies: The Identification of a Coordinated Response to the Challenge and the Opportunity Presented by the Sixth Amendment to the Cosmetics Directive (76/768/EEC) (1995) (20)
Regulatory use of (Q)SARs in toxicological hazard assessment strategies (2004) (20)
Amphibian cells in vitro. I. Growth of Xenopus cells in a soft agar medium and on an agar surface. (1971) (20)
ECVAM: the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods. (1994) (20)
Comments on the scientific validation and regulatory acceptance of in vitro toxicity tests. (1991) (19)
Use of animals in research (1989) (19)
Future improvements: replacement in vitro methods. (2002) (19)
Modification of the FRAME Kenacid Blue Method for Cytotoxicity Tests on Volatile Materials (1992) (18)
Correlation between In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient of 29 Substances from the MEIC Programme (1991) (18)
In vitro studies on the effects on granular gland secretion in Xenopus laevis skin of stimulation and blockade of α and β adrenoceptors of myoepithelial cells (1977) (18)
Assessment of early acute lung injury in rats exposed to aerosols of consumer products: attempt to disentangle the "Magic Nano" conundrum. (2008) (18)
Go3R - semantic Internet search engine for alternative methods to animal testing. (2009) (17)
Amphibian cells in vitro. II. Effects of variations in medium osmolarity on a permanent cells line isolated from Xenopus. (1973) (17)
Report and recommendations of the international workshop "Retrieval approaches for information on alternative methods to animal experiments". (2004) (17)
The long-term organ culture of tissues from adult Amphiuma, the Congo eel. (1972) (17)
The Life Cycle of the Cell (1973) (16)
Report of the International Workshop on In Vitro Methods for Assessing Acute Systemic Toxicity (2000) (16)
The Use of Transgenic Animals in the European Union (1998) (16)
Hormonal control of glucose production by Amphiuma means liver in organ culture. (1975) (16)
How Much Flexibility is Possible When Validating New In Vivo and In Vitro Toxicity Test Methods? (2003) (16)
Amphibian metamorphosis: An immunologic opportunity! (1989) (16)
Validation of alternative toxicity tests: Principles, practices and cases. (1990) (16)
An Assessment of Progress in the Use of Alternatives in Toxicity Testing since the Publication of the Report of the Second FRAME Toxicity Committee (1991) (2002) (16)
Amphibian pancreas function in long-term organ culture: control of insulin release. (1977) (16)
The Need for a Formal Invalidation Process for Animal and Non-animal Tests (2005) (15)
The Impact of REACH (2007) (15)
An RSPCA/FRAME Survey of the Use of Non-human Primates as Laboratory Animals in Great Britain, 1984–1988 (1990) (15)
Assessment of Early Acute Lung Injury in Rats Exposed to Aerosols of Consumer Products: Attempt to Disentangle the “Magic Nano” Conundrum (2008) (15)
Chimpanzees in AIDS research: A biomedical and bioethical perspective (1994) (15)
Alternatives to ocular irritation testing in animals. (1992) (14)
FRAME, Animal Experimentation and the Three Rs: Past, Present and Future (2009) (14)
[Good cell culture practice (GCCP)--an initiative for standardization and quality control of in vitro studies. The establishment of an ECVAM Task Force on GCCP]. (2001) (14)
Vertebrate limb and somite morphogenesis : the third symposium of the British Society for Developmental Biology (1977) (14)
The transmission of lymphosarcoma in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. (1967) (14)
IRAG working group 2. CAM-based assays. Interagency Regulatory Alternatives Group. (1997) (13)
Progressing toward the reduction, refinement and replacement of laboratory animal procedures: thoughts on some encounters with Dr Iain Purchase. (2004) (13)
The persistence in Xenopus laevis DNA of O6-methylguanine produced by exposure to N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. (1980) (13)
Adrenoreceptors, cyclic nucleotides, and the regulation of spleen cell antigen binding in urodele and anuran amphibians (1979) (13)
The Three Rs — Opportunities for Improving Animal Welfare and the Quality of Scientific Research (2014) (13)
Validation-Lessons learned from practical experience. (1995) (13)
Validation and Regulatory Acceptance of New Carcinogenicity Tests (2003) (13)
It’s Time to Reconsider The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique (2020) (13)
Animal alternatives, welfare and ethics. Proceedings 2nd World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences, Utrecht, Netherlands, 20-24 October, 1996. (1997) (13)
A Critical Assessment of the Scientific Basis, and Implementation, of Regulations for the Safety Assessment and Marketing of Innovative Tobacco-related Products (2015) (12)
A Proposal for a New Ethical Scheme Addressing the Use of Laboratory Animals for Biomedical Purposes (1999) (12)
Every Silver Lining has a Cloud: The Scientific and Animal Welfare Issues Surrounding a New Approach to the Production of Transgenic Animals (2014) (12)
The FRAME Alternatives Laboratory Database. 1. In Vitro Basal Cytotoxicity determined by the Kenacid Blue Total Protein Assay (2006) (12)
The effects of α and β adrenergic agents on spleen cell antigen binding in four amphibian species (1978) (12)
The European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) (2008) (12)
Co-existence of thyrotrophin releasing hormone and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the skin of Xenopus laevis. (1982) (12)
Transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between yeast and mammalian cells under conditions favoring cell fusion (1986) (12)
Statement on the scientific validity of the postimplantation rat whole-embryo culture assay -- an in vitro test for embryotoxicity. (2002) (12)
Chapter 11 Long-Term Amphibian Organ Culture (1976) (12)
Book Review: Models for Biomedical Research — A New Perspective (1985) (12)
VARIATION IN THE RESPONSE OF XENOPUS LAEVIS TO NORMAL TISSUE HOMOGRAFTS. (1964) (12)
Xenoplastic implantation of amphibian lymphoid tumours (1963) (12)
TRANSPLANTATION OF SPONTANEOUSLY OCCURRING AND CHEMICALLY INDUCED LYMPHOID TUMORS IN XENOPUS LAEVIS. (1964) (12)
Animal use in the safety evaluation of chemicals: harmonization and emerging needs. (2002) (12)
Effects of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea on the lymphoid tissues and skin allograft response of Xenopus laevis. (1980) (12)
Early mammalian development (1974) (11)
CAM-based Assays (1997) (11)
The Use of Integrated and Intelligent Testing Strategies in the Prediction of Toxic Hazard and in Risk Assessment (2012) (11)
The Ethics of Research Involving Animals: The Report of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, May 2005 (2005) (11)
A modular one-generation reproduction study as a flexible testing system for regulatory safety assessment. (2010) (11)
Further studies of a transmissible amphibian lymphosarcoma. (1967) (11)
Book Review: Introduction to in vitro Cytotoxicology: Mechanisms and Methods (1994) (11)
In vitro thymus suppression of hemagglutinin production in Xenopus laevis: location, drug and temperature sensitivity. (1984) (11)
Amphibian pancreas function in long-term organ culture: control of amylase release. (1977) (11)
The implantation of lymphosarcoma of Xenopus laevis into regenerating and non‐regenerating forelimbs of that species (1964) (11)
A Critical Assessment of the European Commission's Proposals for the Risk Assessment and Registration of Chemical Substances in the European Union (2003) (11)
Cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro in visceral organs of the adult newt, Triturus cristatus carnifex (1970) (11)
Chimpanzee Medical Experiments: Moral, Legal and Scientific Concerns (1995) (11)
Effects of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea on carrier-primed anti-hapten responses in Xenopus laevis. (1982) (10)
Hepatocyte function in long-term organ culture of Amphimuma means liver. (1975) (10)
Organ culture of adult Amphiuma means kidney: effects of media and urea on ammonia production, glycogen content and cell proliferation. (1975) (10)
Alternatives to the Animal Testing of Medical Devices (1996) (10)
Issues Relating to the Release of Proprietary Information and Data for Use in the Validation of Alternative Methods (1998) (10)
Defining the role of ECVAM in the development, validation and acceptance of alternative tests and testing strategies. (1995) (10)
The Use of Non-Human Primates in Biological and Medical Research: Evidence Submitted by FRAME to the Academy of Medical Sciences/Medical Research Council/Royal Society/Wellcome Trust Working Group (2005) (10)
FURTHER ASPECTS OF LYMPHOSARCOMA IN XENOPUS (THE SOUTH AFRICAN CLAWED TOAD). (1965) (10)
Organ culture of Amphiuma means liver: control of glycogen content. (1974) (10)
Differentiated cell and organ culture in toxicity testing. (2009) (10)
On the Safety of E-cigarettes: “I can Resist anything except Temptation”1 (2015) (10)
16. The Three Rs: The Way Forward (2015) (10)
Progress in Toxicological Testing: Reduction and Refinement Issues (1998) (9)
Neuroendocrine regulation of immunity: the effects of noradrenaline in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. (1992) (9)
The detection of cytotoxicity produced by short-lived reactive intermediates: a study with bromobenzene. (1987) (9)
THE INDUCTION OF LYMPHOSARCOMA IN XENOPUS LAEVIS BY CANCEROUS AND NORMAL TISSUES OF RANA PIPIENS * (1965) (9)
Are Animal Tests Inherently Valid? (2004) (9)
A comparative study of the deacetylation of paracetamol by urodele and anuran amphibian organ cultures. (1981) (9)
In vitro methods in regulatory toxicology: the crucial significance of validation. (1995) (9)
The Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments (FRAME): 23 Years of Campaigning for the Three Rs (2008) (9)
Alternatives to Animal Experiments: Serving in the Middle Ground (2005) (9)
Animal Experimentation and Alternatives: Time to Say Goodbye to the Three Rs and Hello to Humanity? (2014) (9)
Development of a fixed-dose approach for the fluorescein leakage test. (1994) (9)
Comments on the Sub-group Reports of the EU Technical Expert Working Group on the Revision of Directive 86/609/EEC on the Protection of Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes (2007) (9)
Effects of Antibiotics and Organic Solvents on the In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Other Chemicals (1984) (9)
The effect of glucose, insulin and dexamethasone upon 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity of adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture. (1985) (9)
Mechanistic approaches and the development of alternative toxicity test methods. (1998) (9)
The international symposium on regulatory testing and animal welfare: recommendations on best scientific practices for acute systemic toxicity testing. (2002) (9)
Non-animal alternative toxicity tests for detergents: genuine replacements or mere prescreens? (2007) (9)
Methylcholanthrene-induced Lymphosarcomas in Xenopus laevis (1962) (9)
First results of the EU/COLIPA validation trial in vitro phototoxicity testing (1996) (9)
T-lymphocyte regulation of humoral immunity in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. (1985) (9)
Immunologic reactivity to TNP-Ficoll during development and ageing in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. (1984) (8)
Statement on the application of the ToBI test for batch potency testing of tetanus vaccines for human use. (2001) (8)
Fourth EU report on the statistics on the number of animals used for scientific purposes in 2002 -- trends, problems, conclusions. (2005) (8)
[Reduction of the numbers of animals used for the classification of the acute oral toxicity of chemicals by taking into account cytotoxicity data from the Registry of Cytotoxicity] (1997) (8)
Botulinum Toxin Testing in Animals: The Questions Remain Unanswered (2003) (8)
Alternatives to Animal Experimentation (1983) (8)
Complementation in the Development, Validation and Use of Non-animal Test Batteries, with Particular Reference to Ocular Irritancy (1991) (8)
[ERGATT/ECVAM Workshop on Acceptance of Validated Alternative Methods: Amden III] (1998) (8)
Experimental Assessment of the Toxicological Effects of Inhaled Complex Mixtures on the Respiratory System, 23-25 April 2005, Barcelona, Spain. Summary and conclusions of the review committee. (2005) (8)
Workshop: Immunotoxicology and in vitro possibilities. (1994) (8)
In vitro alternatives for the detection of photoirritant chemicals: The EEC/COLIPA trial. (1994) (8)
Time to reform toxic tests. (1992) (8)
The implantation of methylcholanthrene crystals into regenerating and non‐regenerating forelimbs of Xenopus laevis (1964) (8)
The early development of mammals : the second symposium of the British Society for Developmental Biology (1975) (8)
An ultrastructural study of the fusion of cultured amphibian cells with higher plant protoplasts (1978) (8)
Organ Cultures of Normal and Neoplastic Amphibian Tissues (1969) (8)
Murine and human interleukin 2 can substitute for the thymus in immune responses to TNP-Ficoll in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. (1985) (8)
Modern Alternative Approaches to the Problem of Drug-induced Liver Injury (2011) (8)
The replacement of animal testing: ethical issues and practical realities (1991) (7)
A FRAME response to the Draft Report on Alternative (Non-animal) Methods for Cosmetics Testing: Current Status and Future Prospects--2010. (2010) (7)
Maternal effects in development : the fourth symposium of the British Society for Developmental Biology (1979) (7)
1 – Replacement Alternative and Complementary In Vitro Methods in Pharmaceutical Research (1996) (7)
Investigation of the cytotoxicity produced by generation of short-lived reactive metabolites in vitro: A study with paracetamol. (1987) (7)
Chapter 23:Integrated Testing Strategies and the Prediction of Toxic Hazard (2010) (7)
Novel chemical hazard characterisation approaches (2016) (7)
Mycobacteria and lymphoreticular tumours in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. I. Isolation, characterization and pathogenicity for Xenopus of M. marinum isolated from lymphoreticular tumour cells. (1973) (7)
Preclinical Drug Development Planning (2010) (7)
[The three Rs: looking back ... and forward]. (2005) (7)
Animal Experimentation and the Three Rs: Time for Honest Answers to Some Leading Questions (2009) (7)
The cell cycle in development and differentiation : British Society for Developmental Biology symposium (1973) (7)
The stimulation of EL-4 cells to produce interleukin-2 and its potential use in immunocytotoxicity testing. (1989) (7)
New Techniques for Producing Transgenic Animals — a Mixed Blessing from Both the Scientific and Animal Welfare Perspectives (2014) (7)
Mycobacteria and lymphoreticular tumours in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. II. Have mycobacteria a role in tumour initiation and development? (1973) (7)
Genetic Disparity and Cancer Induction by Normal Tissue Implants in Amphibia (1964) (7)
The Conflict over Animal Experimentation: Is the Field of Battle Changing? (2012) (7)
ECVAM's Activities in Promoting the Three Rs in the Quality Control of Biologicals (2004) (6)
Comments on Labelling Related to the Animal Testing of Cosmetic Ingredients and Products Manufactured and/or Marketed within the European Economic Community (1991) (6)
Risk assessment: alternatives to animal testing (1997) (6)
Resistance to Cancer in Amphibians: A Role for Apoptosis? (2013) (6)
A Frame Response to the European Commission Consultation on the Draft Report on Alternative (Non-animal) Methods for Cosmetics Testing: Current Status and Future Prospects — 2010 a (2010) (6)
The Third FRAME Toxicity Committee: Working toward Greater Implementation of Alternatives in Toxicity Testing (2004) (6)
Cancer and super-regeneration inTriturus viridescens limbs (1966) (6)
Signals provided in vivo by human rIL-2 and Con A can switch hapten-specific tolerance from unresponsiveness to responsiveness in the South African clawed toad. (1987) (6)
Impaired T cell functions during amphibian metamorphosis: IL-2 receptor expression and endogenous ligand production (1992) (6)
On Keeping your Eyes on the Prize: Dorothy Hegarty and Acceptance of the Concept of Replacement of Laboratory Animal Procedures in Research, Education and Testing (1995) (6)
ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals): Past, Present and Future a (2010) (6)
The effects of phenformin on glucose, glycogen and lactate metabolism in Amphiuma means liver organ cultures. (1975) (6)
LYMPHOID TUMOR TRANSFERS FROM XENOPUS LAEVIS LAEVIS TO ALIEN SUBSPECIES AND SPECIES, INCLUDING RANA PIPIENS. (1964) (6)
On Establishing the Safety of Cosmetic Ingredients and Products Produced and/or Marketed within the European Economic Community (1991) (6)
The Emergence and Early Fate of the Three Rs Concept (2019) (6)
Morphological and immunological changes in the spleen of Xenopus laevis during metamorphosis. (1991) (6)
Replacing the Animal Testing of Botulinum Toxin: Time to Smooth Out the Wrinkles (2010) (6)
9.5 Catecholamine regulation of and by immunity in Xenopus laevis (1989) (6)
The Precautionary Principle Should be Used with Caution — and Should be Applied to Animal Experimentation and Genetic Manipulation, Not Merely to Protection of the Environment (1999) (6)
In Vitro Cytotoxicity of 24 Chemicals to Mouse Teratocarcinoma Cells (1989) (6)
Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986: The Animal Procedures Committee (1986) (6)
The European Citizens’ Stop Vivisection Initiative (2015) (6)
[Prediction of human lethal concentrations by cytotoxicity data from 50 MEIC chemicals]. (2000) (6)
[White Paper of the Commission of European Community--strategy for a future chemicals policy]. (2001) (6)
An in vitro test for immunomodulators? (1990) (5)
TNP-Ficoll response in Xenopus laevis: substitution and reconstitution in thymectomized animals. (1984) (5)
Thymic involvement in memory responses after primary challenge with TNP-Ficoll in Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. (1986) (5)
SKIN ALLOGRAFT AND XENOGRAFT RESPONSES IN NMU-TREATED XENOPUS LAEVIS (1981) (5)
THE INCIDENCE OF PATHOLOGIC ABNORMALITIES, INCLUDING SPONTANEOUS LYMPHOSARCOMAS, IN A LABORATORY STOCK OF XENOPUS (THE SOUTH AFRICAN CLAWED TOAD). (1965) (5)
Responses in Xenopus to the thymus independent antigen polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and its haptenated derivative, trinitrophenylated PVP (TNP-PVP). (1988) (5)
Promotion of research on in vitro immunotoxicology. (2001) (5)
Lectins and substitution for helper function in anti-hapten responses in Xenopus laevis. (1984) (5)
[Report on the ICCVAM workshop on in vitro methods for assessing acute systemic toxicity]. (2001) (5)
The wisdom of Russell and Burch. 3. Fidelity and discrimination. (2013) (5)
Measuring welfare aspects of transgenic animals. (1997) (5)
Does the use of Transgenic Animals Raise Particular Welfare and Ethical Concerns? (1999) (5)
Perspectives on alternatives to the eye irritation test: industry, public interest, government. (1997) (5)
FRAME and the Three Rs: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow (2010) (5)
International Cooperation: An Essential Requirement for Replacing Animal Toxicity Tests (2001) (5)
Replacing experiments on laboratory animals (1986) (5)
Alternative Approaches for Carcinogenicity and Reproductive Toxicity (2019) (5)
[The ZEBET database on alternative methods to animal experiments in the Internet--a concrete contribution to the protection of animals]. (2000) (5)
FRAME and the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution: common recommendations for assessing risks posed by chemicals under the EU REACH system. (2003) (4)
Transgenic technology as an alternative to animal experimentation. (1997) (4)
Laboratory Animal Studies: Poor Design + Faulty Analysis = Unnecessary Suffering (1994) (4)
Alternatives to Animal Experiments: Time to Focus on Replacement (2007) (4)
CELL TRANSFORMATION IN XENOPLASTIC TRANSPLANTATION OF AN AMPHIBIAN LYMPHOID TUMOUR. (1964) (4)
Benzpyrene-induced tumours in the clawed toad,Xenopus laevis (1964) (4)
The Development, Validation and Acceptance of In Vitro Toxicity Tests (1991) (4)
Animals and alternatives in toxicity testing. Proceedings of a meeting held at the Royal Society of Medicine of London on 1-3 November 1982. (1983) (4)
The Development, Validation and Acceptance of In Vitro Toxicity Tests (1991) (4)
For beauty lives with kindness ‐ some thoughts on cosmetics testing and safety assessment (1992) (4)
Disturbance index method for assessing severity of procedures on rodents: R. J. Barclay, W. J. Herbert and T. B. Poole, Universities Federation for Animal Welfare. 1988. /sP10.00 (incl. postage and packing) (35 pages) ISBN 09 00767 51 (1989) (4)
Validation of alternative tests in the European Union. (1995) (4)
Alternative Toxicity Test Methods (2019) (4)
The Rise of Three Rs Centres and Platforms in Europe* (2022) (4)
The potential usefulness of a differentiating teratocarcinoma cell line in in vitro toxicity testing. (1990) (4)
DNA and RNA Synthesis in Animal Cells in Culture—Methods for Use in Schools (1973) (4)
THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF IN VITRO TOXICITY TESTS (1992) (4)
Statement on the scientific validity of the mircromass test -- an in Vitro for embryotoxicity. (2002) (4)
FRAME and the Validation Process (2009) (4)
C3 10:45 Cancer resistance in amphibia (1997) (4)
DOSIMETRY, TOLERANCE, AND SHELF LIFE EXTENSION RELATED TO DISINFESTATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES BY GAMMA IRRADIATION. Period Covered: June 1, 1965--May 31, 1966. (1966) (4)
Amphibian organ culture in experimental toxicology: the effects of paracetamol and phenacetin on cultured tissues from urodele and anuran amphibians. (1982) (4)
Use of a filtration plate in the MTT assay. (1994) (4)
Progress in applying the three Rs of Russell & Burch to the testing of biological products. (2002) (4)
The Establishment of ECVAM and its Progress since 1993 (2002) (4)
Assessment of the human epidermis model skinethic RHE (TM) for in vitro skin corrosion testing according to OECD TG 431 (2004) (4)
The principles of validation and the ECVAM validation process. (2002) (4)
The EU Commission's Draft Report on Alternative (Non-animal) Methods for Cosmetics Testing: Current Status and Future Prospects — 2010: A Missed Opportunity (2010) (4)
The long‐term organ culture of tissues from adult Necturus maculosus, the mud puppy (1975) (4)
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals: Trends in Replacement and the Three Rs (2022) (4)
Statement on the application of the ELISA procedure for batch potency testing of tetanus vaccines for human use. (2001) (4)
Amphibian organ culture as a basis for investigations on the specific and general effects of drugs. (1975) (4)
The OECD Health Effects Test Guidelines: A Challenge to the Sincerity of Commitment to the Three Rs (2006) (3)
Animal Experimentation: Transparency and Openness Mean Little, Unless Accompanied by Honesty and Accountability (2014) (3)
How viable are alternatives to animal testing in determining the toxicities of therapeutic drugs? (2019) (3)
Comments on Appendix C of the National Institutes of Health Response to the Petition of the American Anti-Vivisection Society to Prohibit the Use of Animals in the Production of Monoclonal Antibodies (1998) (3)
Glycogenolysis in amphibian liver organ cultures: effects of isoprenaline, cyclic-AMP, calcium, and the ionophores A23187 and Br-X537A. (1977) (3)
ECVAM's Activities on Biologicals (2002) (3)
[OECD ist accepting test guidelines for validated in vitro toxicity tests in 1996] (1996) (3)
Clinical impact of high-profile animal-based research reported in the UK national press (2020) (3)
Lectin effects on thymic suppression of hemagglutinin production in vitro by spleen fragments from Xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad. (1985) (3)
Primates in Medical Research: The Plot Thickens (2006) (3)
19. Russell and Burch after 1959 (2015) (3)
Implementation of three Rs alternatives in regulatory testing: possibilities and obstacles--the view of the validator. (2002) (3)
A review of the chemical induction of neoplasms in amphibia (1964) (3)
How far advanced is the replacement of animal experimentation (1993) (3)
A chair on alternatives? (2002) (3)
A transplantable large-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in Xenopus laevis☆ (1981) (3)
Animal Experimentation and the Labelling of Drugs (2011) (3)
[The sophisticated process of validation] (1995) (3)
FRAME Annual Lecture. International co-operation: an essential requirement for replacing animal toxicity tests. (2001) (3)
Development of Integrated Testing Strategies for REACH: Motivation, Background and Introduction (2008) (3)
Mission and accomplishments of ZEBET, the national centre for alternatives in Germany at the BfR (Federal Institute for Risk Assessment) (2008) (3)
Animal Experimentation: Should the Three Rs be Abandoned? (2006) (3)
Differential cyclophosphamide sensitivity of suppressor function in Xenopus, the clawed toad. (1989) (3)
A new transmissible disease in the South African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis. (1969) (3)
Nano Sealing Sprays Health Impairements in Germany (2008) (3)
International validation and barriers to the validation of alternative tests (2006) (3)
Effects of the carcinogens N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and N-dimethylnitrosamine on spleen cell antigen binding in Xenopus laevis. (1980) (3)
[Prediction of acute toxicity] (1994) (3)
Preliminary Findings of an In Vitro Assay Based on Human Complement Activation for the Detection of Chemicals with Phototoxicity Potential (1993) (3)
The complement activation assay: The test for immediate phototoxicity. (1994) (3)
Alternatives to Animal Experiments: “Goodbye ECVAM, Hello FRAME” (2002) (3)
Why are Validated Alternatives Not Being used to Replace Animal Tests? (2018) (3)
Replacing, Reducing and Refining Animal Experiments: Making Sound Progress, but Must Do Better (2009) (3)
Third EU Report on the Statistics on Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes: Trends, Problems, Conclusions (2004) (3)
Acute phototoxicity tesing (2001) (3)
Adult Human Stem Cells and Toxicity Testing: Realising the Potential (2010) (3)
Ethical Issues in the Production of Human Cell Lines and Stem Cell Lines (2012) (3)
Transgenic animals: an alternative? Proponent's statement. (1997) (3)
LD50 Testing of Botulinum Toxin for Use as a Cosmetic (2005) (3)
It’s Time to Include Harm to Humans in Harm–Benefit Analysis — But How to Do It, That is the Question (2021) (3)
Wider Recommendations for Institutions made in the Brown Report following the BUAV Investigation into the Use of Animals at Imperial College London (2014) (3)
Inhibition of intercellular communication: An in vitro assay for detecting potential tumour promoters. (1994) (3)
New Sources for Alternative Methods on the Internet: The Objectives of Databases and Web Sites (2004) (2)
Organ culture in biomedical research : Festschrift for Dame Honor Fell (1976) (2)
Validation and Regulatory Acceptance of Alternative Test Methods: Current Situation in the European Union (2003) (2)
The Need for Recommitment to the Three Rs and to Serving Together in the Middle Ground (2004) (2)
GENETIC LIMITS OF THYMIC IMMUNOSUPPRESSION OF ANTI‐HAPTEN ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN XENOPUS LAEVIS LAEVIS, THE SOUTH AFRICAN CLAWAD TOAD (1984) (2)
Book Review: Alternatives to Current Uses of Animals in Research, Safety Testing and Education (1986) (2)
Replacing Animal Experimentation: Not a Question of If, but When, and by What Route? (2002) (2)
A Message to the Proponents of Animal Experimentation: The Truth Shall Make you Free (2015) (2)
The EU REACH system: opportunities and threats. (2006) (2)
ZEBET's Data Bank and Information Service on Alternatives to the Use of Experimental Animals in Germany (1992) (2)
Time for Real Action on Chimpanzees and Other Hominids (2007) (2)
[Replacement of the frog test in physiology teaching by the myograph: practical validation in Germany] (1996) (2)
The in vitro effects and metabolism-mediated cytotoxicity of phorone, a glutathione-depleting agent. (1990) (2)
3rd World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences (Bologna, Italy, 29 August to 2 September 1999) (1998) (2)
Reducing the Use of Laboratory Animals: Time for Strategic Actions and the Setting of Realistic Targets (1998) (2)
Calcium dependence of alpha-adrenoreceptor stimulation of myoepithelial cell contraction in the granular glands of Xenopus laevis skin [proceedings]. (1978) (2)
STATEMENT ON THE VALIDITY OF A SEROLOGICAL METHOD (ELISA) FOR THE BATCH POTENCY TESTING OF INACTIVATED SWINE ERYSIPELAS VACCINES (2002) (2)
20. On Replacing the Concept of Replacement (2015) (2)
Elimination and metabolism of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) byXenopus laevis and other amphibians (1979) (2)
Recent progress toward reducing the use of animal experimentation in biomedical research (1990) (2)
LYMPHOID TUMOR TRANSFERS FROM XENOPUS LAEVIS TO ALIEN SUBSPECIES AND SPECIES, INCLUDING RANA PIPIENS. (1964) (2)
What should the cosmetic industry do about the animal testing controversy? (1992) (2)
Book Review: The Supply of Non-Human Primates for Use in Research and Testing: Welfare Implications and Opportunities for Change (1994) (2)
Transgenic xenotransplantation: utilitarian and deontological caveats. (1997) (2)
Comments on the Report of the House of Lords Select Committee on Animals in Scientific Procedures (2002) (2)
The Production of Admixed Animal–Human Embryos: Is It Necessary, or Merely Desirable? (2008) (2)
Alternative methods: servants of two masters. (2010) (2)
Postponement of the ED Ban on Animal Tests for Cosmetic Ingredients (1997) (2)
Book Review: The Detection and Relief of Pain in Animals (1986) (2)
Comments on UK Options for Transposition of European Directive 2010/63/EU (2012) (2)
On Facing up to Risk and Uncertainty in Relation to Animal and Non-animal Safety Testing (2006) (2)
Ethical Environment and Scientific Rationale Towards In‐Vitro Alternatives to Animal Testing: Where Are We Going? (2006) (2)
Revision of the Animal Protection Act in West Germany: will a central registry of data on animal experiments provide better animal protection? (1984) (2)
ECVAM Feasibility Study: Can the Pre-validated EpiDerm In Vitro Phototoxicity Test be Upgraded to Quantify Phototoxic Potency of Topical Phototoxins? (2009) (2)
Animal Experimentation and the Three Rs: Why Truth Matters (2007) (2)
Collaboration between ZEBET, FRAME and ECVAM: FRAME's Contribution to Establishing the Three Rs in Europe (2009) (2)
Scientific Issues Raised by the Use of Dogs as Laboratory Animals (2016) (2)
Animal Experimentation: Weighing the Benefits against the Suffering (2008) (2)
The Future of ECVAM: A Personal Perspective (2002) (2)
The Increasing Use of Genetically-altered Animals Threatens the Credibility of Directive 2010/63/EU (2013) (2)
Scandinavia and the Replacement of in Vivo Toxicity Tests: Some Personal Reflections (2015) (2)
DB-ALM Protocol n° 78 : 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) Phototoxicity Assay (2018) (2)
The Ban on the use of Chimpanzees in Biomedical Research and Testing in the UK Should be Made Permanent and Legally Binding (2012) (2)
The UK National Centre for the Three Rs: Pathway to Progress or Mere Fig Leaf? (2004) (2)
Alternative Methods in Toxicity Testing in the UK (2019) (2)
Test guideline. Behavioral toxicity testing in animal experiments according to section 9, para. 1, No. 2 of the Chemicals Act (Chemikaliengesetz) of the Federal Republic of Germany. (1987) (2)
Translation of New Technologies in Biomedicines: Shaping the Road from Basic Research to Drug Development and Clinical Application–and Back Again (2012) (2)
Future Developments in In Vitro Methodology (1991) (2)
“Alternatives” to Living Animals in Medical Experiments: Towards a Rational View of Current Status and Future Prospects (1979) (2)
Animal Experimentation and the Three Rs: The Need for Hard Heads and Soft Hearts and to Confront the Three “I”s (2007) (2)
The development and evaluation of in vitro tests for photoirritancy. (1994) (2)
Overview of the Test Requirements in the Area of Food and Feed Safety (2008) (2)
Alternatives to animal experimentation yesterday, today and tomorrow: some thoughts on leaving ECVAM. (2002) (2)
Commentary: Mechanistic Approaches and the Development of Alternative Toxicity Test Methods (1998) (2)
Animal Experiments and Alternatives: Time to Confront Truth and Uncertainty, and to Combine Idealism with Realism (2009) (2)
A Replacement Perspective on Inhalation Toxicology (2019) (2)
3. Fidelity and Discrimination (2013) (2)
Progress in Eliminating One-Year Dog Studies for the Safety Assessment of Pesticides (2018) (2)
Animal Alternatives in Germany (1997) (2)
Comparative Studies of Apoptosis in Xenopus laevis and Mouse Thymoma Cell Lines (2013) (2)
The three Rs at the beginning of the 21st century. Proceedings of the fourth world congress on alternatives and animal use in the life sciences, New Orleans, LA, USA, 11-15 August 2002 (2004) (2)
Animal alternatives, welfare, and ethics : proceedings of the 2nd World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences, held in Utrecht, the Netherlands, 20-24 October 1996 (1997) (2)
2. The Wages of Inhumanity (2012) (2)
[Different concepts for risk assessment have to be applied if the data are derived from testing in animals or from testing in vitro] (1996) (2)
Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity Testing: Animal Studies are Not Predictive for Humans (2008) (2)
Alternatives to Laboratory Animals — We have More Power than we Think (1994) (2)
Replacing Animal Use in Education and Training (2018) (2)
The Future of Non-human Primates as Laboratory Animals in Great Britain: Please Don't Build the Cambridge Laboratory! (2003) (2)
Animal Experimentation and Alternatives: Revealed Preferences (2017) (2)
The Labelling of All Medicinal Products as Dependent on Animal Research would be a Minefield to be Avoided at All Costs (2013) (1)
The Production of Genetically Modified Animals and Humans: An Inescapable Moral Challenge to Scientists and Laypeople Alike (1998) (1)
Introduction to the Fourth Annual FRAME Lecture, by Dr Ian Kimber, Presented at the Royal College of Physicians, London, on 16 October 2002 (2002) (1)
Special Anniversary Volume- Issue 2: Refinement. (2009) (1)
Use of a tissue culture medium for in vitro studies on the ion transport capacity of amphibian epithelia (1975) (1)
Haemoglobin synthesis and cell wall regeneration by electric field-induced interkingdom heterokaryons (1985) (1)
Ban on the Use of Great Apes as Laboratory Animals in the UK (2012) (1)
Animal-specific membrane components visualised on the surface of animal/plant heterokaryons (1980) (1)
Validation at a Crossroads (2005) (1)
Golden Cows and Sacred Geese: It's all Greek to Me (2003) (1)
Two cellular pathways regulate the response to TNP-Ficoll in Xenopus laevis. (1986) (1)
Book Review: Developments in Biological Standardization: Reduction of Animal Usage in the Development and Control of Biological Products (1987) (1)
Transmission of an amphibian lymphosarcoma to and through insects. (1970) (1)
Alternatives to Animal Experiments: Producing the Fruits 1 (2002) (1)
On Challenging the Prevailing Dogma: Nobel Prizes and Pink Diamonds (2012) (1)
Replacement of in vivo studies by in vitro studies. (1990) (1)
Introduction to the Tenth FRAME Annual Lecture, the Fourth Bill Annett Lecture, Presented by Professor Thomas Hartung at the Kennel Club, London, on 22 October 2008 (2008) (1)
What Price Vanity? No End in Sight for the Cosmetics Testing Saga (2003) (1)
Special Anniversary Volume — Issue 1: Reduction (2009) (1)
Animal Experimentation as Perceived by the Citizens of Britain and France (2003) (1)
Ethical Investment — What is It, and what are the Implications for Industry Funding of Research into Alternatives? (2001) (1)
Animal–Human Hybridisation: Progressing down the Slippery Slope (2008) (1)
The transmission of tumours induced in cockroaches by nerve severance (1971) (1)
Spontaneous neoplasms in amphibians (1962) (1)
The Role of ECVAM (2019) (1)
In vitro studies on the effects on granular gland secretion in Xenopus laevis skin of stimulation and blockade of alpha and beta adrenoceptors of myoepithelial cells. (1977) (1)
Peer Review and the Three Rs: A Challenge to Integrity? (2015) (1)
Book Review: New Developments in Biotechnology: Patenting Life — Special Report (1989) (1)
A critical assessment of the European Commission's proposals for the risk assessment and registration of chemical substances in the European Union. (2003) (1)
Replacing Animal Experimentation: On Creating the Puzzles to be Solved (2011) (1)
Double labelling of plant/animal heterokaryons (1980) (1)
The Foundation of ECVAM: A Significant Step towards the Replacement of Animal Tests? (1993) (1)
The Declaration on Openness on Animal Research (2012) (1)
Alternative to animal use in research, testing and education: complied by congress of the United States, Office of Technology Assessment, Marcel Dekker, 1988, $59.75 (USA and Canada) $71.50 (all other countries) (456 pages) ISBN 0 8247 79770 (1988) (1)
Third Joint Conference of the Estonian Society of Toxicology and the Scandinavian Society for Cell Toxicology (2007) (1)
Special anniversary volume -- issue 4: replacement -- focus on the development of therapeutics. Preface. (2009) (1)
18. Rationalisation and Intellectualisation (2015) (1)
Involvement of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (2019) (1)
Promoting the Three Rs: Actions Speak Louder than Words (2000) (1)
The Introduction and Influence of the Concept of Humane Experimental Technique (2019) (1)
Book Review: The Fifth Branch: Science Advisers as Policy Makers (1994) (1)
Book Review: The Emergence of Bacterial Genetics (1991) (1)
Concerns that Animal Testing Continues without Scientific Justification (2016) (1)
Animal Experiments and Alternatives: Matters of Belief and Trust (2011) (1)
The Use of Non-Human Primates in Regulatory Toxicology: Comments Submitted by FRAME to the Home Office (2005) (1)
Special Anniversary Volume — Issue 6: Replacement —Focus on the Testing of Chemicals and Products (2009) (1)
Effects of alanine, glycine and glutamic acid on nitrogenous excretion byAmphiuma means liver in organ culture (1976) (1)
7. The Factors Governing Progress (2013) (1)
FRAME and the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution: Common Recommendations for Assessing Risks Posed by Chemicals under the EU REACH System (2003) (1)
Book Review: The Rules Governing Medicaments in the European Community (1985) (1)
Special anniversary volume - issue 5: replacement - focus on in silico methods. (2009) (1)
The effects of alpha and beta adrenergic agents on spleen cell antigen binding in four amphibian species. (1978) (1)
Assessment of skin2 ZK 1351, a test using a human cutaneous model for Photoirritancy testing (1998) (1)
FRAME and the Pharmaceutical Industry (2012) (1)
Outline Studies in Biology: Cell Differentiation (1973) (1)
The Harmonisation of Validation Criteria for Replacement Alternative and Animal Test Methods (1995) (1)
Integration of Advanced Technologies into Regulatory Toxicology (2020) (1)
Assessment of the SkinEthic® Reconstituted Human Epidermal model for the prediction of the dermal irritation potential of chemicals (2005) (1)
The use of lower organisms. (2014) (1)
FRAME, the Three Rs and the Russell Archive at the University of Nottingham (2009) (1)
Eleventh International Workshop on In Vitro Toxicology (2001) (1)
Progress in Establishing in Vitro Alternatives to Animal Experiments - Ethical and Scientific Challenges (2005) (1)
Putting Replacement First (2007) (1)
The phylogeny of tumour immunity (1981) (1)
Can the prevalidated in vitro skin model phototoxicity test be upgraded to quantify phototoxic potency of topical phototoxins (2007) (1)
Time for alternative action (2006) (1)
A German Study on “The Use of Dogs as the Second Species in Regulatory Testing of Pesticides” (1996) (1)
Use of In Vitro Data and (Q)SARs to Classify Eye Irritating Chemicals in the EU - Experience at the BfR (2005) (1)
Alternatives to Animal Testing: Time for a Revolution? (1994) (1)
The international transport of laboratory animals: no excuse for biased extremism of any kind. (2012) (1)
[White Paper of the European Commission--strategy for a new chemicals policy]. (2002) (1)
Book Review: Biomedical Research Involving Animals (1984) (1)
Skin absorption testing via reconstructed human epidermis - Results of the German validation study (2006) (1)
Controls on the care and use of experimental animals (1998) (1)
Applying the Three Rs to Animal Experimentation and Animal Testing: Are We Merely Drifting or Lying at Anchor? (2006) (1)
In vitro toxicology: recent developments in technology and application. (1994) (1)
[Reduction and replacement of animal tests required in standards for safety testing] (1998) (1)
Animal Experimentation: The Statistics Speak for Themselves (2016) (1)
Book Review: Information Resources in Toxicology—Second Edition (1988) (1)
International Regulation of Toxicological Test Systems (2014) (1)
Dissemination strategies: how do they influence the uptake of the new Three Rs methods across laboratories and other boundaries? A report of a workshop held by the European Partnership for Alternative Approaches to Animal Testing (EPAA) Working Group 3. (2008) (1)
The US congress office of Technology Assessment Report on Alternatives to Animal Use in Research, Testing and Education (1987) (1)
Book Review: Guidelines on the Use of Living Animals in Scientific Investigations (1983) (0)
Current Progress in the Validation of Alternative Test Methods (1996) (0)
Abstracts (pages 136-140) (2004) (0)
Legal Process For Defending Your Grazing Permit (2002) (0)
Cell and Organ Cultures as Alternatives in Toxicity Testing (1982) (0)
New technology for toxicity testing. (2012) (0)
The Three Rs and Animal Experimentation — Documented Signs of Advancement, or of Stagnation? (2011) (0)
Precautions and Claims for "Safety" Based on Inadequate Risk Assessment are Hazardous and Expose All Concerned to Risk. (1999) (0)
Experiments on Humans and Animals: Can the End Justify the Means? (2008) (0)
5. Refinement (2013) (0)
Openness on Animal Research: The Gauntlet has been Thrown Down (2014) (0)
Book Review (2001) (0)
Book Review: In the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal Experimentation (1994) (0)
Toxicity Testing: The Need for New Maps for the Future (2011) (0)
Book Review: Acute Toxicity Tests: Possible Alternatives (1983) (0)
Questionable Progress in the Application of the Three Rs to Improve Science, Human Well-being and Animal Welfare (2018) (0)
Scientific Procedures on Living Animals: Proposals for Reform of the 1876 Cruelty to Animals Act (1984) (0)
Scientific Validation: A Crucial and Unavoidable Prerequisite to the Acceptability of New Tests and Testing Strategies (1995) (0)
RESTORATION OF ALLOGRAFT RESPONSES IN NMU-TREATED XENOPUS LAEVIS BY PROTECTED THYMUS AUTOGRAFTS (1981) (0)
Book Review: Biological Aspects of Disease: Contributions from Animal Models (1998) (0)
Appendix 1 Follow-up Activities on the Recommendations by the ECVAM / ZEBET Workshop on the Application of In Vitro Embryotoxicity Tests (2006) (0)
The way forward for reproductive/developmental toxicity testing. (2008) (0)
Introduction to the Eighth FRAME Annual Lecture, the Second Bill Annett Lecture, Presented by Professor Johannes Doehmer at the Kennel Club, London, on 8 November 2006 (2006) (0)
Introduction to the Sixth Annual FRAME Lecture, by Professor Alan Goldberg, Presented at the Kennel Club, London, on 6 October 2004 (2004) (0)
Book Reviews (1996) (0)
Some Personal Reminiscences of the Long Road to Acceptance of the Three Rs (2017) (0)
Book Review: A Revolution in Biotechnology (1990) (0)
Contents, Vol. 29, 1974 (1974) (0)
Book Review: The Future of Predictive Safety Evaluation (1987) (0)
Book Review: Vaccination and Immunization: Dangers, Delusions and Alternatives (What Every Parent Should Know) (1989) (0)
Book Review: Of Mice, Models, & Men (1983) (0)
Selected Titles (1983) (0)
Editorial (1997) (0)
Book Review: Recessive Oncogenes and Tumor Suppression (1990) (0)
A shift of a fundamental paradigm in toxicology. (2008) (0)
4. Reduction (2013) (0)
The Validation of Alternative Test Methods (1995) (0)
Book Review: Toxicology (1984) (0)
Book Review: Animals and Why They Matter (1983) (0)
11. The Analysis of Direct Inhumanity (2014) (0)
Animal Experiments: Are There No Limits? (2002) (0)
Book Review: Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicology (1989) (0)
An overall strategy for the testing of chemicals for human hazard and risk assessment under the EU REACH system. (2003) (0)
Advocates of Animal Experimentation: What's in a Name? (2008) (0)
The Forthcoming Launch of Perspectives in Laboratory Animal Science (PiLAS) (2012) (0)
Book Review: Application of Tissue Culture in Toxicology (1985) (0)
Reaction of Nitric Acid with Metal, Delayed Type Lung Edema (2007) (0)
Book Review: Compassion — the Ultimate Ethic (1984) (0)
ReProTect: Hazard assessment of reproductive toxicity (2009) (0)
Book Review: Vaccines ‘89: Modern Approaches to New Vaccines Including Prevention of AIDS (1990) (0)
Introduction to the Eighth FRAME Annual Lecture, the Second Bill Annett Lecture, Presented by Professor Johannes Doehmer at the Kennel Club, London, on 8 November 2006 (2006) (0)
Middle road to 'victory'. (1990) (0)
Alternatives to Experiments with Animals in Medical Education: A TEMPUS Joint European Project (2008) (0)
Open letter: Selection of a new Executive Director of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) provides an opportunity for the EU to lead in the field of chemicals management and implementation of innovative science. (2021) (0)
Recent efforts to elucidate the scientific validity of animal-based drug tests by the pharmaceutical industry, pro-testing lobby groups, and animal welfare organisations (2019) (0)
Book Review: Hormonally Defined Media - A Tool in Cell Biology (1983) (0)
News from the All Party Parliamentary Replacement Group (2012) (0)
The contribution of the new European Chemicals Policy REACH to the development of Alternative Methods in Toxicology (2007) (0)
The ECVAM validation study of three in vitro methods for acute skin irritation - Interim Report of the validation Management Team (2004) (0)
Professor William M. S. Russell (1925-2006) - Obituary (2006) (0)
The Use of Non-human Primates as Laboratory Animals in Europe: Moving toward the Zero Option (1995) (0)
Animal Procedures Remain Vital to Biomedical Research: It ain't necessarily so … (2001) (0)
First Thoughts on the Effects on the Protection of Laboratory Animals of the UK's Departure from the European Union (2016) (0)
In vitro methods in regulatory toxicology (1994) (0)
7.2 The effects of stage of metamorphosis, thymus implantation and thymus manipulation on graft rejection in Xenopus (1989) (0)
Lecture Long term reproducibility of EpiOcular TM , a 3-dimensional tissue culture model of the human corneal epithelium (2005) (0)
Book Review: Science and Sensibility (1983) (0)
GO3R - the Knowledge-Based Search Engine for Information on Animal Testing Alternatives (2008) (0)
Book Review: Animal Experimentation a Guide to the Issues (2001) (0)
Book Review: Teratocarcinomas and Embryonic Stem Cells—A Practical Approach (1987) (0)
The Impact of Reach Upon Animal use in the European Union - Report of the Conam Chemical Policy Working Group (2007) (0)
European Experimental Animal Use Declines Ever So Slightly (2010) (0)
Go 3 R Go 3 R – intelligent internet searches for alternatives to animal testing (0)
Go3R - Intelligent internet searches for alternatives to animal testing (2009) (0)
Book Review: Primates: The Road to Self-Sustaining Populations (1987) (0)
The Dependence of the Happiness of Superstar Scientists on the Freedom to Conduct Animal Experiments (2005) (0)
Preface to the English Translation (2003) (2003) (0)
Book Review: Animal Cell Culture: A Practical Approach (1985) (0)
ZEBET: Three Years of the National German Center for Documentation and Evaluation of Alternatives to Animal Experiments at the Federal Health Office (BGA) in Berlin (2008) (0)
The OECD Health Effects Test Guidelines: A Challenge to the Sincerity of Commitment to the Three Rs (2006) (0)
Book Review: Advances in Cell Culture (1985) (0)
New and Future Toxicological Assays and Their Regulation (2014) (0)
Transparency and Public Accountability on the Use of Non-Human Primates as Laboratory Animals Needs Actions, as Well as Words (2013) (0)
Attitudes to Alternatives to Animal Experimentation (2001) (0)
Alternative toxicity tests (1992) (0)
Book Review: Scientific Perspectives on Animal Welfare (1983) (0)
Book Review: in vitro Methods in Toxicology (1988) (0)
An Ontology to represent Knowledge on Animal Testing Alternatives (2009) (0)
Alternatives to animal experiments in Korea : Past achievements and present status of the Korean Society for Alternatives to Animal Experiments ( KSAAE ) (2014) (0)
Book Review: The Animal Liberation Movement (1985) (0)
Mechanisms and toxicity of chemical carcinogens and mutagens mutagens: edited by W. G. Flamm and R. J. Lorentzen, Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., 1985, £53.35 (pp xii + 264) ISBN 0 911131 12 4 (1986) (0)
Subject Index Vol. 165, 1999 (1999) (0)
Book Review: Gluttons for Punishment (1986) (0)
Dr Robert Combes (1946-2021). (2021) (0)
Book Review: Acute Toxicity Testing: Alternative Approaches (1983) (0)
Book Review: Advances in Applied Toxicology (1989) (0)
Book Review: Cruelty to Animals: The Moral Debt (1989) (0)
Book Review: Genes and Cancer (1994) (0)
Stem cells and tissue homeostasis (1977) (0)
Book Review: Molecular Medicinal Biochemistry (1991) (0)
Freedom to Perform Animal Experiments: “The lady [and her 109 co-signatories] doth protest too much, methinks …” 1 (2000) (0)
Book Reviews (1986) (0)
Mechanisms and toxicity of chemical carcinogens and mutagens mutagens: edited by W. G. Flamm and R. J. Lorentzen, Princeton Scientific Publishing Co., 1985, £53.35 (pp xii + 264) ISBN 0 911131 12 4 (1986) (0)
2.2 The binding of mouse-anti-human IL-2 receptor antibody and rIL-2 to Xenopus immunocytes: Artifact or molecular conservation? (1989) (0)
Conference Reports (1987) (0)
Some Reflections on the 4th World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 11–15 August 2002 1 (2003) (0)
Animal experimentation and alternatives in the Age of Extremism. (2004) (0)
Letters (1994) (0)
Animal Experimentation: Oh, when will they ever learn? (2016) (0)
Scientific and ethical reasons for the use of alternative methods in new drug development (1990) (0)
Book Review: Victims of Science (1983) (0)
The Thr ee Rs: The W ay Forward (1995) (0)
What's in a name? Opacity and transparency and animal-based research. (1999) (0)
Book Review: Animal Revolution: Changing Attitudes towards Speciesism (1990) (0)
Book Review: Nongenotoxic Mechanisms in Carcinogenesis (1989) (0)
14. On the Proper Application of Appropriate Statistical Methods (2014) (0)
12. William Russell: Polymath, Wordsmith, Classicist and Humourist (2014) (0)
Book Review: Tissue Culture and Reticuloendothelial System (1985) (0)
ICCVAM EXPERT PANEL REVIEW OF IN VITRO TEST METHODS FOR IDENTIFYING OCCULAR CORROSIVES AND SEVERE IRRITANTS Public comment concerning the HET-CAM Background Review Document (BRD) (2004) (0)
Book Review: Immunotoxicology (1984) (0)
Special Anniversary Volume — Issue 3: The Three Rs (2009) (0)
8. UFAW and Major Charles Hume (2013) (0)
A strategy for the implementation of pre-validation in in vitro-test developement (1998) (0)
Comments on the House of Lords Select Committee Proposal for the Establishment of a Centre for the Three Rs (2003) (0)
Lectins andsubstitution forhelper function inanti-hapten responses inXenopus laevis (1984) (0)
The future of animal experiments in nutrition research. (2003) (0)
Reducing Animal Testing: Tests Matter More than What is Tested (1997) (0)
Two Cases of Poisoining with Monkshood mistaken for Parsley (2007) (0)
Obituary — Brian E. Johnson (1936–1994) (1994) (0)
Conference reports (1983) (0)
Conference Reports (1987) (0)
Analytical physiology of cells and developing organisms B.C. Goodwin Academic Press Inc., London, New York, San Francisco ISBN 0 12 289360 — 1976 — E8.50/$18.50 (1977) (0)
Report on an ISDCI business meeting, held at the University of Nottingham on 29 July 1988 (1989) (0)
Strategic Directions for Development of Alternatives in the EU (2012) (0)
Richard Clothier: An Appreciation (2007) (0)
ACCREDITATION AND INSPECTION OF ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS ACCORDING TO CURRENT LEGAL REQUIREMENTS IN EU COUNTRIES (2008) (0)
Animal experiments: letting the people speak. (1999) (0)
Chimpanzees in AIDS research: a biomedical and bioethical perspective. (1993) (0)
The Current Situation and Prospects for Tomorrow (2019) (0)
Workshop 5.13 Strategies for prioritising and streamlining the validation process (2005) (0)
2021 Michael Balls Award (2022) (0)
Animal Experiments and the Right to Ask Questions about Them (2017) (0)
Book Review: Vaccines ‘86: New Approaches to Immunization (1986) (0)
To be Credible, Success in “Reducing the use of Animals in Scientific Research” Must Involve the use of Fewer Animals (2015) (0)
Vote of Thanks for Professor W.M.S. Russell's First Annual FRAME Lecture (1999) (0)
Book Review: Man and Mouse: Animals in Medical Research (1984) (0)
Dissemination Strategies: How do they Influence the Uptake of New three Rs Methods across Laboratories and Other Boundaries? (2008) (0)
The FP 7 Project AXLR 8 – accelerating the transition to a toxicity pathway-based paradigm for chemical safety assessment through internationally coordinated research and technology development (0)
Book Review: Animals in Society: A Veterinary Viewpoint (1986) (0)
Book Review: in vitro Methods in Toxicology (1988) (0)
Editorial (1996) (0)
Book Review: Toxicology in Europe in the Year 2000 (1987) (0)
Book Review: New Technologies for Toxicity Testing (2012) (0)
Is it possible to predict teratogenicity with in vitro tests (2004) (0)
Conference Reports (1987) (0)
AnimAlt-ZEBET - Internet database on alternatives to animal experiments (2003) (0)
Book Review: Monitoring for Adverse Drug Reactions (1985) (0)
9. The Toxicity Testing Problem (2014) (0)
Vote of Thanks for Professor W.M.S. Russell's First Annual FRAME Lecture (1999) (0)
Book Review: Biological Principles of Tissue Banking (1983) (0)
Why, when and how in vitro tests should be accepted into regulatory toxicology. (1994) (0)
The Use of Non-Human Primates in Regulatory Toxicology: Comments Submitted by FRAME to the Home Office (2005) (0)
Book Review: Threatened Primates of Africa (1989) (0)
Transgenic Animals: More than “Commercial Opportunities” (1998) (0)
Alternative Methods and Cosmetics Testing (1996) (0)
Acceptance of the Three Rs Concept: A Battle Won (1995) (0)
Book Review: Protection of Human Research Subjects (1985) (0)
Reducing toxicity tests on animals. (1991) (0)
Alternatives to Animal Testing: Toward Reducing Uncertainty and Unintended Consequences (2011) (0)
International Regulation of Toxicological Test Procedures (2020) (0)
Refinement and Reduction in Animal Testing Edited by Steven M Niemi and John E Willson (1993). Scientists Center for Animal Welfare: Bethesda. 138 pp. Paperback. Obtainable from the publishers, 4805 St Elmo Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. Price US$40. (1994) (0)
Book Review: Replacement, Reduction and Refinement: Present Possibilities and Future Prospects (1994) (0)
Current Validation Studies on Alternatives to Animal Experiments in Europe (2001) (0)
Conference Reports (1986) (0)
Non-animal Alternatives and Reduction in Laboratory Animal Use (1997) (0)
Book Review: The Use of Live Animals for Experimental and Industrial Purposes (1983) (0)
Introduction to the Third Annual FRAME Lecture, by Professor Horst Spielmann, Presented at the Royal Society of Medicine, London, on 9 October 2001 (2001) (0)
Book Review: Genetic Analysis of Tumour Suppression Ciba Foundation Symposium 142 (1990) (0)
Book Review: Principles of Ecotoxicology (1997) (0)
Chairmen's Welcome (1996) (0)
Chairman of FRAME responds (1985) (0)
In vitro tests in regulatory toxicology: symposium chairman's summing-up. (1995) (0)
Livestock husbandry in Costa Rica. Structure, development and position of cattle production in a tropical developing country. (1969) (0)
Conference Reports (1987) (0)
Book Review: Cancer Cells. 3. Growth Factors and Transformation (1985) (0)
In vitro alternatives accepted as new OECD test guidelines: A result of validation and careful international commenting (2003) (0)
Book Review: The Animals Report (1983) (0)
Introduction to the Seventh Annual FRAME Lecture, the First Bill Annett Lecture, Presented by Dr Julia Fentem at the Kennel Club, London, on 19 October 2005 (2006) (0)
Book Review: Alternatives to Pain in Experiments on Animals (1983) (0)
Book Review: Animal Liberators: Research and Morality (1990) (0)
carry-combined and blender (1995) (0)
Development and evaluation of a robust, common protocols for reconstructed human skin models: In vitro skin irritation/corrosion testing (2006) (0)
Book Review: The Great Ape Project: Equality beyond Humanity (1994) (0)
Replacement and refinement of animal experiments: research alternatives to laboratory animals 2000. (2000) (0)
Reduction, Refinement and Replacement: The End of an Era, New Beginnings, and New Challenges (1995) (0)
Book Review: Research Animals and Concepts of Applicability to Clinical Medicine (1983) (0)
Book Review: Animal Models of Retrovirus Infection and Their Relationship to Aids (1987) (0)
The ECVAM retrospective validation study on cytotoxicityand cell function-based in vitro assays for eye irritation (2009) (0)
Book Review: The Dreaded Comparison: Human and Animal Slavery (1989) (0)
Assessment of the Halle Register for classifying and labelling new chemicals according to the EU toxicity classes. (2005) (0)
Contributions From the German-Speaking Countries (2019) (0)
Organelle by organelle (1975) (0)
Development of an integrative approach for the prediction of systemic toxicity : Combination of cell toxicity , pharmacological and physical chemical properties (2011) (0)
The Current Status and Work of Three Rs Centres and Platforms in Europe* (2022) (0)
Book Review: In Vitro Techniques in Research: Recent Advances (1989) (0)
Book Review: Laboratory Animals in Vaccine Production and Control: Replacement, Reduction and Refinement (1989) (0)
A strategy for the implementation of pre-validation in in vitro-test developement (1998) (0)
Book Review: Benchmarks: Alternative Methods in Toxicology (1989) (0)
The replacement of animal tests: the end of the road or the beginning of harvest-time? (1997) (0)
Editorial (1982) (0)
The Three Rs. Preface. (2009) (0)
Experimentation: reducing animal experiments by questioning their necessity (1989) (0)
Book Review: Current Perspectives in Toxicology: Mechanisms and Methods (1994) (0)
[Third statistical report on the numbers of laboratory animals used in the European Union--tendencies, problems, decisions]. (2003) (0)
Book Review: Dermatotoxicology — Fourth Edition (1991) (0)
Some Reflections on the Fourth World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences, New Orleans, Louisiana, August 11 Through 15, 2002 (2003) (0)
Book Review: Beyond the Laboratory Door (1985) (0)
Regulatory acceptance of in vitro test systems as an alternative to safety testing in animals (2002) (0)
NRR and EYTEX™: Validation of in vitro alternatives to the Draize eye irritation test (1990) (0)
Book Review: Safety Evaluation and Regulation of Chemicals (1983) (0)
17. The Choice of Procedures (2015) (0)
The Use of Old World Primates in Toxicity Testing of More than Mild Severity (1995) (0)
Alternatives to Experiments with Animals in Medical Education: A TEMPUS Joint European Project (2008) (0)
13. Rex Leonard Burch: Humane Scientist and Gentle Man (2014) (0)
Electronic Cigarettes: Can Dependable Public Health Policies be Developed and Applied without Relevant and Reliable Risk Assessments? (2018) (0)
An indirect effect of isoprenaline on alpha-amylase release by amphibian pancreas organ cultures [proceedings]. (1978) (0)
6. Replacement (2013) (0)
15. Comparative Substitution (2015) (0)
Annual Workshop of the Scandinavian Society for Cell Toxicology (2007) (0)
Skin Corrosion In Vitro: Assessment of the SkinEthic® Reconstituted Human Epidermal (RHE) model for in vitro skin corrosion testing according to OECD TG 431 (2005) (0)
Cell biology and toxicology (2004) (0)
Book Review: Chemicals Testing and Animal Welfare (1987) (0)
Opportunities for the Government to Actively Promote the Three Rs during the UK's Presidency of the European Union (1 July to 31 December 2005) (2005) (0)
Where does iPS Cell Technology Leave the Promoters of the Creation and Use of Admixed Animal–Human Embryos? (2012) (0)
Comparative evaluation of in vitro apical/basolateral exposure of renal epithelium to four nephrotoxic compounds Gentamicin , cephaloridine , cyclosporin A and paracetamol (1997) (0)
10. The Use of Lower Organisms (2014) (0)
Book Review: Predictive Value of Animal Studies in Toxicology (1987) (0)
Book Review: Oncogenes and the Molecular Origins of Cancer (1991) (0)
When Using Animal Tests or Alternative Methods, We are Also Testing Ourselves (2013) (0)
Selected titles (2004) (0)
Drunken Monkeys and Cruel Humans (2000) (0)
Aspects of somatic cell genetics (1978) (0)
Book Review: The Teaching of Responsibility (1983) (0)
Book Review: Animals and Man (1987) (0)
Book Review: Volunteers in Research and Testing (1998) (0)
Book Review: Animal Testing and Consumer Products (1990) (0)
Studies on the Metabolism of Human Tumors IV . Certain Aspects of Guanine Metabolism (2007) (0)

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