Robert E. Apfel
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Robert E. Apfelengineering Degrees
Engineering
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#6947
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Mechanical Engineering
#525
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#572
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Applied Physics
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#1727
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Engineering
Robert E. Apfel's Degrees
- PhD Mechanical Engineering Stanford University
- Masters Mechanical Engineering Stanford University
- Bachelors Mechanical Engineering Stanford University
Why Is Robert E. Apfel Influential?
(Suggest an Edit or Addition)Robert E. Apfel's Published Works
Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works
Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author
Published Works
- Gauging the likelihood of cavitation from short-pulse, low-duty cycle diagnostic ultrasound. (1991) (624)
- Thresholds for transient cavitation produced by pulsed ultrasound in a controlled nuclei environment. (1989) (282)
- Acoustic radiation pressure produced by a beam of sound (1981) (209)
- The superheated drop detector (1979) (200)
- An improved theory for the prediction of microcavitation thresholds (1989) (181)
- Acoustic cavitation: a possible consequence of biomedical uses of ultrasound. (1982) (181)
- Direct evidence of cavitation in vivo from diagnostic ultrasound. (1996) (152)
- An acoustic backscattering technique for the detection of transient cavitation produced by microsecond pulses of ultrasound. (1990) (147)
- Thresholds for cavitation produced in water by pulsed ultrasound. (1988) (137)
- Acoustic cavitation prediction (1978) (114)
- Acoustic microcavitation: its active and passive acoustic detection. (1991) (96)
- Sonic effervescence: A tutorial on acoustic cavitation (1997) (94)
- In vitro measurements of inertial cavitation thresholds in human blood. (1996) (91)
- Rôle of Impurities in Cavitation Threshold Determination (1969) (89)
- Radiation force on a spherical object in an axisymmetric wave field and its application to the calibration of high-frequency transducers. (1996) (88)
- The Tensile Strength of Liquids (1972) (87)
- Acoustic cavitation inception (1984) (81)
- 7. Acoustic Cavitation (1981) (81)
- Acoustic cavitation produced by microsecond pulses of ultrasound: a discussion of some selected results. (1992) (73)
- Free Oscillations and Surfactant Studies of Superdeformed Drops in Microgravity (1997) (72)
- Extension of acoustic levitation to include the study of micron‐size particles in a more compressible host liquid (1982) (69)
- Quadrupole resonance of drops driven by modulated acoustic radiation pressure—Experimental properties (1980) (67)
- A new method for measuring liquid surface tension with acoustic levitation (1995) (64)
- The Role of Impurities in Cavitation‐Threshold Determination (1969) (63)
- Acoustic interaction forces between two fluid spheres in an acoustic field (1993) (62)
- Deformation and location of an acoustically levitated liquid drop (1993) (60)
- Sound velocity of supercooled water down to -33 °C using acoustic levitation (1980) (60)
- A Novel Technique for Measuring the Strength of Liquids (1971) (58)
- EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION OF THE DISSOCIATION HYPOTHESIS FOR SINGLE BUBBLE SONOLUMINESCENCE (1998) (51)
- Practical neutron dosimetry with superheated drops. (1989) (49)
- Acoustically forced shape oscillation of hydrocarbon drops levitated in water (1979) (49)
- In vitro detection of cavitation induced by a diagnostic ultrasound system (1992) (46)
- Vapor Nucleation at a Liquid–Liquid Interface (1971) (46)
- The effective nonlinearity parameter for immiscible liquid mixtures (1983) (43)
- Technique for measuring the adiabatic compressibility, density, and sound speed of submicroliter liquid samples (1975) (43)
- Instrument to detect vapor nucleation of superheated drops (1983) (43)
- Investigations of liquid surface rheology of surfactant solutions by droplet shape oscillations: Theory (1995) (40)
- A novel multiple drop levitator for the study of drop arrays (1996) (38)
- Investigations on the applicability of superheated drop detectors in neutron dosimetry (1984) (38)
- Direct observation of microbubble oscillations (1995) (37)
- Inertial cavitation produced by pulsed ultrasound in controlled host media. (1996) (37)
- Shape oscillations of drops in the presence of surfactants (1991) (36)
- Acoustic microcavitation: enhancement and applications. (1991) (36)
- Prediction of tissue composition from ultrasonic measurements and mixture rules (1985) (32)
- Oscillations of a deformed liquid drop in an acoustic field (1995) (32)
- An interferometric technique for B/A measurement. (1995) (31)
- Superheated drop detector: A potential tool in neutron research (1987) (31)
- The sound velocity in metastable liquid water under atmospheric pressure (1978) (29)
- A technique for measuring interfacial tension by quadrupole oscillation of drops (1985) (27)
- Deformation and position of acoustically levitated liquid drops (1996) (26)
- Mechanical characterization of microparticles by scattered ultrasound. (1990) (25)
- Superheated Drop Detector: A Possible Alternative for Neutron Dosimetry (1985) (24)
- A neutron spectrometer based on temperature variations in superheated drop compositions (2002) (23)
- Using Acoustics to Study and Stimulate the Coalescence of Oil Drops Surrounded by Water (1993) (22)
- Radiation force on a spherical object in the field of a focused cylindrical transducer. (1997) (21)
- Acoustically induced square law forces and some speculations about gravitation (1988) (21)
- Photon-insensitive, thermal to fast neutron detector (1981) (20)
- Possibility of microcavitation from diagnostic ultrasound (1986) (20)
- Instability of a deformed liquid drop in an acoustic field (1995) (19)
- Method for the measurement of the sound velocity in metastable liquids, with an application to water (1978) (19)
- Quadrupole oscillations of drops for studying interfacial properties (1990) (18)
- ‘‘Whispering’’ waves in a wineglass (1985) (18)
- Water vapor diffusion effects on gas dynamics in a sonoluminescing bubble. (2003) (17)
- Effect of an electric field on the limits of liquid stability (1977) (17)
- Transient thermal and mechanical response of water subject to ionizing radiation. (1992) (16)
- Superheated Emulsions: Neutronics and Thermodynamics (1997) (15)
- A corrected mixture law for B/A (1991) (15)
- Some New Results on Cavitation Threshold Prediction and Bubble Dynamics (1980) (15)
- Electronic neutron personal dosimetry with superheated drop detectors. (2001) (14)
- Tensile Strength of Superheated n-Hexane Droplets (1971) (14)
- Response to the Comments of Nyborg and Rooney [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 75, 263–264 (1984)] (1984) (13)
- Numerical simulation of superoscillations of a Triton-bearing drop in microgravity (1998) (13)
- The effects of surfactant additives on the acoustic and light emissions from a single stable sonoluminescing bubble (1996) (13)
- Characterisation of New Passive Superheated Drop (Bubble) Dosemeters (1992) (13)
- A novel microtechnique for the measurement of acoustic properties of lipids (1977) (12)
- Simulation of drop dynamics in an acoustic positioning chamber (1992) (12)
- Application of 30-MHz acoustic scattering to the study of human red blood cells. (1988) (11)
- Deaf Architects & Blind Acousticians?—A Guide to the Principles of Sound Design (1998) (11)
- Prediction of tissue composition from ultrasonic measurements and mixture rules. (1986) (11)
- Sonoluminescence: And there was light! (1999) (11)
- VAPOR CAVITY FORMATION IN LIQUIDS. (1970) (10)
- New anisotropic perfectly matched layer boundary condition for elastic waves in solids (2002) (10)
- Radiation-induced cavitation process in a metastable superheated liquid I. Initial and pre-bubble formation stages (1992) (10)
- Comment on "Ultrasound-induced lung hemorrhage is not caused by inertial cavitation". (2001) (10)
- Sound velocity in lipids, oils, waxes, and their mixtures using an acoustic levitation technique (1985) (10)
- The effects of surfactant additives on the acoustic and light emissions from a single stable sonoluminescing bubble. (1997) (10)
- Acoustically induced explosions of superheated droplets (1975) (10)
- Model for the quadrupole oscillations of drops for determining interfacial tension (1987) (9)
- PRINCIPLE OF DYNAMIC DECOMPRESSION AND COOLING FOR MATERIALS PROCESSING (1996) (9)
- Applications of mixture laws for predicting the compositions of tissue phantoms. (1991) (8)
- Acoustic levitation for studying liquids and biological materials (1981) (8)
- Versatile resonance-tracking circuit for acoustic levitation experiments. (1978) (8)
- Are acoustic intensity and potential energy density first‐ or second‐order quantities? (1983) (7)
- Radiation-induced cavitation process in a metastable superheated liquid II. Interface formation and post-interface formation stages (1992) (7)
- Superheated drop nucleation for neutron detection (1982) (7)
- Fundamentals of the Mechanical Index and caveats in its application (1999) (7)
- A new method for neutron depth dosimetry with the superheated drop detector (1990) (7)
- Neutron detection based on superheated materials (1990) (6)
- Reply to Frizzell et al.’s comment to our comment (2001) (6)
- Generation of novel microstructures in rapidly foamed polybutylene terephthalate (1999) (6)
- Exposure to Neutron Radiation Commercial Flights (1993) (6)
- SynThesis: Integrating Real World Product Design and Business Development with the Challenges of Innovative Instruction* (2001) (5)
- Acoustic Lumped Elements from First Principles (2007) (5)
- Foaming of low-density polyethylene in a dynamic decompression and cooling process (2001) (5)
- Inferences from considering the twin paradox (1985) (5)
- The tensile strength of di‐ethyl ether using Briggs’s method (1977) (5)
- STUDIES OF ACOUSTO-ELECTRICALLY LEVITATED DROP AND PARTICLE CLUSTERS AND ARRAYS (1999) (4)
- Arlo: A free, peer-reviewed, electronic journal that is Not Free (2001) (4)
- Rapid decompression of seeded melts for materials processing (1995) (4)
- Electronic personal neutron dosimetry with superheated drop detectors (2001) (3)
- Sonoluminescence stability for gas saturations down to 0.01 Torr (1998) (3)
- Applicability of Superheated Drop (Bubble) Detectors to Reactor Dosimetry (1994) (3)
- Surface characterization through shape oscillations of drops in microgravity and 1-g (1994) (3)
- Low-frequency noise reduction of spacecraft structures (1966) (3)
- Semi-empirical formula for the stopping power of ions (1984) (3)
- Shape oscillations of microparticles on an optical microscope stage. (1985) (3)
- Neutron-Induced Vaporization of Superheated Liquids: Theory and Experiment (1985) (3)
- Comments on the interpretation of hypersonic sound velocity data in supercooled water (1978) (2)
- The detection of microbubble radius versus time and some comparisons with theoretical results (1990) (2)
- Application of the acoustic nonlinearity parameter to tissue composition prediction (1988) (2)
- An investigation of cavitation activity produced in a standing wave field. (1991) (2)
- Measuring the properties of small samples of superheated liquids (1975) (2)
- Advances in microparticle characterization using high‐frequency (30 MHz) acoustic scattering (1988) (2)
- Cavitation and inhomogeneities in underwater acoustics—Göttingen, July 1979 (1979) (2)
- Radiation and ultrasound‐triggered bubble contrast agents based on superheated drops (2000) (2)
- Instability of an interface between two fluids in an acoustic field (1994) (2)
- An ultrasonic scattering technique for microparticle characterization (1985) (1)
- The effects of wave front distortion in ESWL (1990) (1)
- Plane wave approximation in a pulse transmission system and its application to attenuation measurements (ultrasonics) (1991) (1)
- Detection of acoustically excited droplet shape oscillations with rainbow photometry (1978) (1)
- Acoustic scattering from transient, micron‐sized cavitation bubbles (1989) (1)
- Measuring the frequency‐dependent ultrasonic attenuation of liquids with a pulse transmission method (1991) (1)
- Experiment to measure vibration‐induced mass transfer (1985) (1)
- Mixture composition determination from measurements of the acoustic nonlinearity parameter (1989) (1)
- In vitro measurements of the cavitation thresholds and the corresponding value of the Mechanical Index (MI) (1994) (1)
- 130th meeting of the Acoustical Society of America held in St. Louis, Misouri (1996) (1)
- Thresholds for transient cavitation produced by pulsed ultrasound in a controlled nuclei environment (1989) (1)
- “Whispering” waves in a wine glass (1982) (1)
- Initiating boiling with ice (1986) (1)
- Cavitation from diagnostic ultrasound (1990) (1)
- Quantitative particle characterization by ultrasound (1987) (1)
- Surface-controhl drop oscillations in space (1997) (1)
- Acoustic radiation pressure (2014) (1)
- Arlo (2001) (1)
- Fast Discrimination of Neutrons from (alpha,n) and Fission Sources (1997) (1)
- THESUPERHEATED DROP DETECTOR (2002) (1)
- Foaming of Polyethylenes in a Dynamic Decompression and Cooling Process (2001) (1)
- Shape oscillations of microparticles on an optical microscope stage (1983) (1)
- Thresholds for transient cavitation produced in phantoms by pulsed megahertz frequency ultrasound at various pulse conditions (1994) (1)
- Mixture laws for ultrasonic tissue characterization (1990) (1)
- An active acoustic backscattering technique for detecting transient cavitation (1988) (1)
- Frequency of quadrupole mode oscillations of spheroidal liquid drops in an acoustic field. (1992) (1)
- Simplified, low‐cost, efficient, acoustic levitation system (1977) (0)
- Robert Beyer—A profile. (1996) (0)
- Ultrasound mediated gene transfection (2002) (0)
- A simple apparatus for the acoustic levitation of a drop in a liquid (1989) (0)
- Generation of acoustic pulses of short duration from laser pulses on metal foils (1989) (0)
- On asymmetrical motions of cavitation bubbles (1994) (0)
- Measurement of the nonlinear parameter of mixtures to test Apfel's tissue composition model (1986) (0)
- Acoustic cavitation: Sonic effervescence (1994) (0)
- Rheological studies of surfactant‐coated drops in microgravity. (1991) (0)
- Enhanced nonlinearity in a bubbly liquid considered as a mixture (1988) (0)
- Experiments with acoustically levitated droplets (1974) (0)
- Rheological properties, shape oscillations, and coalescence of liquid drops with surfactants (1990) (0)
- Acoustic Cavitation: Film Sequences and Threshold Measurements (1973) (0)
- Presidential address: Acoustical Society of America—2016 (1996) (0)
- Extension of acoustic levitation to the measurement of the properties of micron‐size particles (1981) (0)
- Drops in Space: Super Oscillations and Surfactant Studies (1996) (0)
- Studies of particle separation using acoustophoresis (1999) (0)
- A further validation of the dissociation hypothesis (2001) (0)
- The Velocity of Sound in Superheated Liquids (1974) (0)
- Velocity of sound in superheated water (1976) (0)
- The study of evaporation of multicomponent drops using the acoustoelectric levitator (1998) (0)
- Studying drop cluster and array behavior using an acousto‐electric levitator (1999) (0)
- Novel configurations for acoustophoresis (1997) (0)
- Theory of radiatian induced cavitation (1988) (0)
- Acoustic levitation of red blood cells (1977) (0)
- Study of liquid drop shape oscillations with an automatic image analysis system (1995) (0)
- The Study of Evaporation of Multicomponent Drops Using an Acousto-Electric Levibtor (1998) (0)
- Oscillations of a water drop with surfactant Triton X‐100 in zero gravity (1997) (0)
- Oscillations of a deformed drop in an acoustic field (1993) (0)
- Characterization of acousto‐electric drop arrays with application to evaporation studies (2000) (0)
- 129th meeting of the Acoustical Society of America held in Washington, DC (1995) (0)
- The use of acoustic resonance in particle manipulation and separation (2001) (0)
- Thresholds for eavitation produced in water by pulsed ultrasound (1986) (0)
- Physical approach to the acoustic force on an object in a standing wave (1980) (0)
- Chairman’s challenge to sonoluminescence theorists (1996) (0)
- Drop dynamics in microgravity (1997) (0)
- Method for determining the reliable prediction(s) of compositions of tissue phantoms. (1994) (0)
- Bioeffects in rat lungs from diagnostic ultrasound. (1996) (0)
- Signal processing to extract transient microcavitation signals from noise (1991) (0)
- Acousto‐electric generation of charged clusters and drop arrays (1997) (0)
- Effects of nuclei and host fluid parameters on the threshold for cavitation produced by pulsed ultrasound (1989) (0)
- Animation–Accommodation–Authorization theory of the human personality (2001) (0)
- Properties of Materials Using Acoustic Waves. (1982) (0)
- Experimental study of streaming in acoustic resonators (1994) (0)
- Shape oscillations of drops for studying interfacial properties (2008) (0)
- Comparison of diffraction effects from an unfocused and focused circular transducer. (1992) (0)
- Hunt, Katharine B., ⋅ 1902–1980 (1981) (0)
- Towards an intense bubble (2001) (0)
- Detection and generation of transient acoustic microcavitation at 4.3‐MHz center frequency (1993) (0)
- Study of surface dynamics of drops in the presence of surfactants (1991) (0)
- Materials characterization of surfaces of water drops with surfactants by acoustic means: The need for a microgravity environment (1993) (0)
- Acoustic cavitation 42 years after the Briggs, Johnson, and Mason paper (1989) (0)
- Properties of metastable liquids using acoustic levitation (1975) (0)
- Acoustic cavitation from diagnostic ultrasound. (1992) (0)
- Rôle of Vapor‐Cavity Dynamics in Cavitation‐Threshold Determination (1970) (0)
- Cavitation, “Pure” and Simple (1971) (0)
- System for automatically tracking changes in interfacial tension (1984) (0)
- Simulation of particle motions in an acoustophoresis device (2001) (0)
- UV spectroscopic studies of SBSL bubbles in lithium halides (2002) (0)
- Superheated drop detectors for the three dimensional dosimetry of brachytherapy sources (1994) (0)
- Acoustic Surface Waves in Piezoelectric Materials--A New Technology. (1974) (0)
- Tensile Strength of Superheated Liquids (1970) (0)
- The analysis of transient Doppler frequency shift from microcavitation (1992) (0)
- A Novel Acousto-Electric Levitator for Studies of Drop and Particle Clusters and Arrays (1999) (0)
- Characterization of Acousto-Electric Cluster and Array Levitation and its Application to Evaporation (2000) (0)
- Acoustics of spaces between axisymmetric structures (1974) (0)
- A mini‐course for non‐science majors on sound reproduction and psychoacoustics (1975) (0)
- Acoustic excitation of capillary oscillations in levitated liquid drops (1977) (0)
- Further investigations on the effects of salts on SBSL (2001) (0)
- Measurement of cavitation thresholds for human blood. (1992) (0)
- Surfactant‐bearing drop dynamics in microgravity (1998) (0)
- Biological cell characterization using inverse acoustic scattering (1989) (0)
- Studying Materials Using Acoustic Waves (1988) (0)
- The radial oscillations of a gas bubble in a surfactant solution (1993) (0)
- The nonpropagating hydrodynamic soliton in annular geometries (1986) (0)
- The use of acoustical levitation to study the coalescence of oil drops in water (1989) (0)
- Design and characterization of a system for acoustophoresis (2000) (0)
- Vapor cavity formation in liquids/ by Robert E. Apfel (1970) (0)
- Comparison of tissue composition models via the measurement of the nonlinear parameter of mixtures (1987) (0)
- New approaches to the use of acoustic radiation forces in the calibration of high‐frequency transducers. (1991) (0)
- WINE GLASS RESONANCES: SOUND AND WAVES (2015) (0)
- Interfacial tension between water and superheated liquids (1981) (0)
- Efficiency of sound propagation and reflection with balls and liquid in a baking dish (1994) (0)
- 7 So / 7 o = 0 SURFACE CHARACTERIZATION THROUGH SHAPE OSCILLATIONS OF DROPS IN MICROGRAVITY AND 1g F " (0)
- Theoretical analysis of free‐shape oscillations of surfactant‐bearing drops (1999) (0)
- Drops in space: Spacelab experiments on surfactant‐bearing drops (1993) (0)
- The use of acoustical levitation to estimate air content in coal particles (1990) (0)
- Analysis of fields and forces on particles in an open‐sided acoustic resonator using FEM with a perfect matched layer (2000) (0)
- A new kind of multiple‐droplet levitator (1995) (0)
- Stimulation of drop coalescence with acoustic cavitation (1991) (0)
- Feasibility of low‐frequency single‐bubble sonolumin‐ escence (1995) (0)
- Finite static deformation and translational motion of an acoustically levitated liquid drop in air. (1992) (0)
- Experiment 5: Science and Technology of Surface Controlled Oscillations: Report on USML-2 Results (1998) (0)
- Two lecture demonstrations in acoustics using an overhead (transparancy) projector (1976) (0)
- Exploring the parameter space of low frequency of sonoluminescence (1995) (0)
- Simulation of drop motion in an acoustic positioning chamber. (1991) (0)
- Numerical simulation of superoscillations of a BSA‐bearing drop in microgravity (1997) (0)
- Resounding Facts on Hearing Loss. (1977) (0)
- Characterization of white blood cells using inverse acoustic scattering (1990) (0)
- Effective acoustic nonlinear parameter (B/A) of a mixture (1982) (0)
- Characterizing scatterer size via measurements of multiple acoustic parameters (1993) (0)
- Nonlinear dynamics of bubbles with surfactants (1998) (0)
- Velocity of sound in supercooled and superheated water (1977) (0)
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What Schools Are Affiliated With Robert E. Apfel?
Robert E. Apfel is affiliated with the following schools:
