Rodger Kram
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Rodger Kramphysics Degrees
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Engineering Physics
Rodger Kram's Degrees
- PhD Biomechanics Stanford University
- Masters Mechanical Engineering Stanford University
- Bachelors Mechanical Engineering University of California, Berkeley
Why Is Rodger Kram Influential?
(Suggest an Edit or Addition)Rodger Kram's Published Works
Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works
Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author
Published Works
- Energetics of running: a new perspective (1990) (739)
- Mechanical work for step-to-step transitions is a major determinant of the metabolic cost of human walking. (2002) (670)
- Effects of obesity and sex on the energetic cost and preferred speed of walking. (2006) (577)
- Mechanical and metabolic determinants of the preferred step width in human walking (2001) (560)
- The effects of adding mass to the legs on the energetics and biomechanics of walking. (2007) (472)
- Simultaneous positive and negative external mechanical work in human walking. (2002) (472)
- Mechanical and metabolic requirements for active lateral stabilization in human walking. (2004) (426)
- Ground reaction forces during downhill and uphill running. (2005) (301)
- Metabolic cost of generating muscular force in human walking: insights from load-carrying and speed experiments. (2003) (286)
- Energetics of bipedal running. I. Metabolic cost of generating force. (1998) (266)
- Stride length in distance running: velocity, body dimensions, and added mass effects. (1989) (256)
- Effect of reduced gravity on the preferred walk-run transition speed. (1997) (247)
- Energy cost and muscular activity required for propulsion during walking. (2003) (242)
- Effects of obesity on the biomechanics of walking at different speeds (2007) (239)
- Energetic cost and preferred speed of walking in obese vs. normal weight women. (2005) (233)
- Mechanics of running under simulated low gravity. (1991) (233)
- Independent metabolic costs of supporting body weight and accelerating body mass during walking. (2005) (225)
- Metabolic cost of running barefoot versus shod: is lighter better? (2012) (183)
- A Comparison of the Energetic Cost of Running in Marathon Racing Shoes (2017) (175)
- The fastest runner on artificial legs: different limbs, similar function? (2009) (168)
- The efficiency of human movement--a statement of the problem. (1985) (164)
- Effects of obesity on the biomechanics of walking at different speeds. (2006) (159)
- Energy cost and muscular activity required for leg swing during walking. (2005) (156)
- Mechanical and muscular factors affecting the efficiency of human movement. (1985) (152)
- Metabolic cost of generating horizontal forces during human running. (1999) (152)
- Reduction of Metabolic Cost during Motor Learning of Arm Reaching Dynamics (2012) (149)
- Biomechanical and energetic determinants of the walk–trot transition in horses (2004) (137)
- Effects of velocity and weight support on ground reaction forces and metabolic power during running. (2008) (134)
- Limitations to maximum running speed on flat curves (2007) (131)
- The effects of grade and speed on leg muscle activations during walking. (2012) (131)
- The locomotor kinematics of Asian and African elephants: changes with speed and size (2006) (128)
- The independent effects of gravity and inertia on running mechanics. (2000) (128)
- Biomechanics: Are fast-moving elephants really running? (2003) (123)
- Independent effects of weight and mass on plantar flexor activity during walking: implications for their contributions to body support and forward propulsion. (2008) (122)
- The effect of reduced gravity on the kinematics of human walking: a test of the dynamic similarity hypothesis for locomotion. (1997) (121)
- Altered Running Economy Directly Translates to Altered Distance-Running Performance. (2016) (116)
- Musculoskeletal adaptations to weightlessness and development of effective countermeasures. (1996) (116)
- Running-specific prostheses limit ground-force during sprinting (2010) (111)
- The effects of step width and arm swing on energetic cost and lateral balance during running. (2011) (110)
- Walking in simulated reduced gravity: mechanical energy fluctuations and exchange. (1999) (109)
- Effects of independently altering body weight and body mass on the metabolic cost of running (2007) (106)
- The metabolic and mechanical costs of step time asymmetry in walking (2013) (104)
- Moving cheaply: energetics of walking in the African elephant. (1995) (97)
- How does age affect leg muscle activity/coactivity during uphill and downhill walking? (2013) (90)
- Leg stiffness of sprinters using running-specific prostheses (2012) (89)
- Modulation of leg muscle function in response to altered demand for body support and forward propulsion during walking. (2009) (86)
- Advanced age and the mechanics of uphill walking: a joint-level, inverse dynamic analysis. (2014) (81)
- Exploring dynamic similarity in human running using simulated reduced gravity. (2000) (80)
- Biomechanics: Penguin waddling is not wasteful (2000) (79)
- Mechanical work performed by the individual legs during uphill and downhill walking. (2012) (76)
- The Biomechanics of Competitive Male Runners in Three Marathon Racing Shoes: A Randomized Crossover Study (2018) (76)
- Muscular Force or Work: What Determines the Metabolic Energy Cost of Running? (2000) (73)
- A treadmill-mounted force platform. (1989) (71)
- Carrying loads with springy poles. (1991) (69)
- A test of the metabolic cost of cushioning hypothesis during unshod and shod running. (2014) (69)
- Partitioning the metabolic cost of human running: a task-by-task approach. (2014) (68)
- Mechanical energy fluctuations during hill walking: the effects of slope on inverted pendulum exchange (2006) (68)
- Metabolic energy and muscular activity required for leg swing in running. (2005) (68)
- How Biomechanical Improvements in Running Economy Could Break the 2-hour Marathon Barrier (2016) (67)
- Real-time feedback enhances forward propulsion during walking in old adults. (2014) (65)
- Obesity does not increase external mechanical work per kilogram body mass during walking. (2009) (64)
- An Approach to Biomechanical Profiling of Elite Distance Runners (1985) (64)
- Advanced age affects the individual leg mechanics of level, uphill, and downhill walking. (2013) (63)
- The kangaroo's tail propels and powers pentapedal locomotion (2014) (63)
- Activity and functions of the human gluteal muscles in walking, running, sprinting, and climbing. (2014) (63)
- Changing the demand on specific muscle groups affects the walk–run transition speed (2008) (51)
- Extrapolating Metabolic Savings in Running: Implications for Performance Predictions (2019) (50)
- The role of elastic energy storage and recovery in downhill and uphill running (2012) (50)
- Muscle contributions to propulsion and braking during walking and running: insight from external force perturbations. (2014) (48)
- The metabolic cost of human running: is swinging the arms worth it? (2014) (48)
- Calculating metabolic energy expenditure across a wide range of exercise intensities: the equation matters. (2018) (48)
- What determines the metabolic cost of human running across a wide range of velocities? (2018) (47)
- Giant Galápagos tortoises walk without inverted pendulum mechanical-energy exchange (2005) (46)
- Pedelecs as a physically active transportation mode (2016) (43)
- Energetics of vertical kilometer foot races; is steeper cheaper? (2016) (39)
- The energetic cost of maintaining lateral balance during human running. (2012) (38)
- Applied horizontal force increases impact loading in reduced-gravity running. (2001) (31)
- Counterpoint: Artificial legs do not make artificially fast running speeds possible. (2010) (31)
- Use aerobic energy expenditure instead of oxygen uptake to quantify exercise intensity and predict endurance performance. (2018) (29)
- Measuring changes in aerodynamic/rolling resistances by cycle-mounted power meters. (2011) (29)
- Contributions of metabolic and temporal costs to human gait selection (2018) (28)
- Developmental predisposition to cancer (2003) (27)
- Why is walker-assisted gait metabolically expensive? (2011) (24)
- Does Metabolic Rate Increase Linearly with Running Speed in all Distance Runners? (2017) (24)
- Low metabolic cost of locomotion in ornate box turtles, Terrapene ornata (2008) (23)
- K3 Promoter™ Prosthetic Foot Reduces the Metabolic Cost of Walking for Unilateral Transtibial Amputees (2010) (21)
- Dynamic stability of running: the effects of speed and leg amputations on the maximal Lyapunov exponent. (2013) (21)
- Running for Exercise Mitigates Age-Related Deterioration of Walking Economy (2014) (20)
- Maximum-speed curve-running biomechanics of sprinters with and without unilateral leg amputations (2016) (20)
- Pound for pound: Working out how obesity influences the energetics of walking. (2009) (18)
- Older Runners Retain Youthful Running Economy despite Biomechanical Differences. (2016) (18)
- Optimal starting block configuration in sprint running; a comparison of biological and prosthetic legs. (2014) (18)
- Preferred walking speed on rough terrain: is it all about energetics? (2019) (18)
- Applying the cost of generating force hypothesis to uphill running (2014) (17)
- Forces and mechanical energy fluctuations during diagonal stride roller skiing; running on wheels? (2014) (17)
- A treadmill mounted force platform (1989) (17)
- Exercise efficiency of low power output cycling (2013) (17)
- Effect of Running Speed and Leg Prostheses on Mediolateral Foot Placement and Its Variability (2015) (14)
- Comparison of running and cycling economy in runners, cyclists, and triathletes (2018) (11)
- Commentaries on Viewpoint: Physiology and fast marathons. (2020) (11)
- Effects of shoe type and shoe–pedal interface on the metabolic cost of bicycling (2016) (10)
- Factors affecting the increased energy expenditure during passive cycling (2012) (9)
- Is Barefoot Running More Economical? (2012) (9)
- Ground reaction forces during steeplechase hurdling and waterjumps (2017) (9)
- Metabolic cost of level, uphill, and downhill running in highly cushioned shoes with carbon-fiber plates (2021) (9)
- Last Word on Point:Counterpoint: Artificial limbs do/do not make artificially fast running speeds possible (2010) (9)
- The metabolic costs of walking and running up a 30-degree incline: implications for vertical kilometer foot races (2017) (9)
- I. METABOLIC COST OF GENERATING FORCE (1998) (8)
- Effects of course design (curves and elevation undulations) on marathon running performance: a comparison of Breaking 2 in Monza and the INEOS 1:59 Challenge in Vienna (2020) (8)
- Level, uphill and downhill running economy values are strongly inter-correlated (2018) (8)
- Running with horizontal pulling forces: the benefits of towing (2008) (8)
- Do poles save energy during steep uphill walking? (2019) (7)
- Steep (30°) uphill walking vs. running: COM movements, stride kinematics, and leg muscle excitations (2020) (7)
- Modelling the effect of curves on distance running performance (2019) (7)
- Correction to: A Comparison of the Energetic Cost of Running in Marathon Racing Shoes (2017) (6)
- The Effects Of Grade And Speed On Leg Muscle Activations During Walking: 1641 (2011) (6)
- Cardiometabolic Effects of a Workplace Cycling Intervention. (2019) (6)
- The effect of cycling shoes and the shoe-pedal interface on maximal mechanical power output during outdoor sprints (2020) (5)
- Bouncing to conclusions: clear evidence for the metabolic cost of generating muscular force. (2011) (5)
- Comment on 'On the relation between joint moments and pedalling rates'. (1987) (4)
- Load carriage with compliant poles — Physiological and/or biomechanical advantages? (1987) (4)
- preferred speed of walking Effects of obesity and sex on the energetic cost and (2015) (4)
- ENERGETIC COST OF GENERATING HORIZONTAL FORCES IN RUNNING 490 (1997) (4)
- New Running Shoe Reduces the Energetic Cost of Running: 761 Board #6 May 31 3 (2017) (3)
- Conscious Control of Preferred Walking Speed: Are We Paying Attention? (2006) (3)
- EFFECT OF REDUCED GRAVITY ON RUNNING KINEMATICS 467 (1997) (3)
- No effect of cycling shoe sole stiffness on sprint performance (2020) (3)
- The metabolic cost of locomotion; muscle by muscle. (2011) (3)
- A. V. Hill sticks his neck out (2016) (2)
- Are Efficiency and the Cost of Generating Force Both Relevant Concepts (1997) (2)
- Does the preferred walk–run transition speed on steep inclines minimize energetic cost, heart rate or neither? (2021) (2)
- TAYLOR'S TREADMILL MENAGERIE (2012) (2)
- Level, uphill and downhill running economy values are strongly inter-correlated (2018) (2)
- Motor-Driven (Passive) Cycling: A Potential Physical Inactivity Countermeasure? (2016) (2)
- Last Word on Viewpoint: Use aerobic energy expenditure instead of oxygen uptake to quantify exercise intensity and predict endurance performance. (2018) (2)
- Ergogenic distance running shoes: how do we think they work and how can we understand them better? (2022) (2)
- DAY TO DAY VARIATION IN FREELY CHOSEN RUNNING STRIDE LENGTH (1985) (2)
- Nonlinear dynamics of running: Speed, stability, symmetry and the effects of leg amputations (2013) (1)
- Nose-down saddle tilt improves gross efficiency during seated-uphill cycling (2021) (1)
- The metabolic cost of overcoming air resistive forces in distance running (2021) (1)
- Transporting Timbers to Chaco Canyon: How Heavy, How Many Carriers and How Far/Fast? (2022) (1)
- The metabolic cost of emulated aerodynamic drag forces in marathon running. (2022) (1)
- ENERGETIC ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF RUNNING SHOES (2012) (1)
- Author’s Reply to Candau et al.: Comment on: “How Biomechanical Improvements in Running Economy Could Break the 2-Hour Marathon Barrier” (2017) (1)
- Are walking elephants rolling eggs (1990) (0)
- Factors affecting the increased energy expenditure during passive cycling (2012) (0)
- running speeds possible Counterpoint: Artificial legs do not make artificially fast (2013) (0)
- during human running The energetic cost of maintaining lateral balance (2012) (0)
- Partitioning the Metabolic Cost of Locomotion: Propulsion, Weight Support and Swing (2006) (0)
- Does arm swing provide mechanical and metabolic benefits during human running? (2012) (0)
- Were Timbers Transported to Chaco Using Tumplines? A Feasibility Study (2023) (0)
- Cross-country skiing on a force-measuring treadmill (2014) (0)
- in Subacute and Chronic Stroke Feasibility and Potential Efficacy of High-Intensity Stepping Training in Variable Contexts (2015) (0)
- Changing relative crank angle increases the metabolic cost of leg cycling (2017) (0)
- A TEST OF THE METABOLIC COST OF CUSHIONING HYPOTHESIS IN SHOD AND UNSHOD RUNNING by Kryztopher (2018) (0)
- A new approach to the energetics of uphill running (2011) (0)
- XC ROLLER SKIING ON A FORCE MEASURING TREADMILL (2013) (0)
- EFFICIENCY OF BELOW-KNEE AMPUTEE CYCLING (2003) (0)
- The Technology Transfer Awards honor faculty, inventors, business advisors and entrepreneurs who demonstrate best practices in technology transfer. (2005) (0)
- cost of cross-country skiing? Does the application of ground force set the energetic (2015) (0)
- fast running speeds possible Counterpoint: Artificial legs do not make artificially (2014) (0)
- Running Improves the Economy of Walking Among Older Adults.: 2075 Board #2 May 29, 3 (2014) (0)
- It is time to abandon single-value oxygen uptake energy equivalents. (2023) (0)
- Comparison of running and cycling economy in runners, cyclists, and triathletes (2018) (0)
- sprinting prostheses limit ground-force during (2009) (0)
- Changing relative crank angle increases the metabolic cost of leg cycling (2017) (0)
- Shoes, running economy and distance running performance (2019) (0)
- The effect of cycling shoes and the shoe-pedal interface on maximal mechanical power output in bicycling (2019) (0)
- Does the Preferred Walk-Run Transition Speed on Inclines Minimize Energetic Cost, Heart Rate or Neither? (2020) (0)
- Disintegrating The Metabolic Cost Of Walking: Propulsion, Leg Swing, And Lateral Stability Across Speed: 528 (2009) (0)
- Preferred Walking Speed and Cost of Transport are similar for Obese and Normal Weight Women (2004) (0)
- The effects of course design (elevation undulations and curves) on marathon running performance: an a priori case study of the INEOS 1:59 Challenge in Vienna (2019) (0)
- The Energetic Cost of Maintaining Lateral Balance in Human Running: 842 (2011) (0)
- PartitioningtheMetabolicCostofHumanRunning:ATask-by-Task Approach (2014) (0)
- Pedelecs as a physically active transportation mode (2016) (0)
- Cardiometabolic Effects of a Randomized Workplace Cycling Intervention: 272 Board #113 May 30 9 30 AM - 11 00 AM (2018) (0)
- EXTERNAL LATERAL STABILIZATION REDUCES METABOLIC COST OF WALKING (1998) (0)
- Development of a Realistic Inertial Load Cycle Ergometer: 1357 (2006) (0)
- Commuting with Electric Assist Bicycles as a Means to Improve Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: 2161 Board #313 June 2, 3: 30 PM - 5: 00 PM. (2016) (0)
- Do poles save energy during steep uphill walking? (2019) (0)
- Preferred walking speed on rough terrain; is it all about energetics? (2018) (0)
- Interaction of ventilatory movements with distance running biomechanics (1989) (0)
- Passive Cycling as a Physical Inactivity Countermeasure: 1053 Board #2 May 28, 3 (2014) (0)
- The influence of bicycle lean on maximal power output during sprint cycling (2021) (0)
- The metabolic costs of walking and running up a 30-degree incline: implications for vertical kilometer foot races (2017) (0)
- and accelerating body mass during walking Independent metabolic costs of supporting body weight (2015) (0)
- Using dynamic foot morphology data to design spacesuit footwear (2019) (0)
- Defense Technical Information Center Compilation Part Notice ADPO 10996 TITLE : Load Lugging Locomotion : Lessons from Indigenous People , Rhino Beetles , and Wallabies DISTRIBUTION (0)
- Energy fluctuations during diagonal stride roller skiing; walking or running on wheels? (2013) (0)
- The influence of bicycle lean on maximal power output during sprint cycling. (2021) (0)
- and draft horses Force, speed, and oxygen consumption in Thoroughbred (2013) (0)
- sprinting Running-specific prostheses limit ground-force during Supplementary data (2009) (0)
- THE USE OF A PORTABLE POWER METER TO ESTIMATE AERODYNAMIC AND ROLLING RESISTANCE IN ROAD CYCLING (2003) (0)
- Could a hybrid cycling-running shoe offer time savings to triathletes? (2022) (0)
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What Schools Are Affiliated With Rodger Kram?
Rodger Kram is affiliated with the following schools:
