Timothy Francis Bell
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Engineering Physics
Timothy Francis Bell's Degrees
- PhD Physics Stanford University
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(Suggest an Edit or Addition)Timothy Francis Bell's Published Works
Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works
Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author
Published Works
- Sprites produced by quasi‐electrostatic heating and ionization in the lower ionosphere (1997) (424)
- Nonlinear pitch angle scattering of energetic electrons by coherent VLF waves in the magnetosphere (1978) (232)
- Spatial structure of sprites (1998) (217)
- The plasmapause as a VLF wave guide (1977) (214)
- Heating, ionization and upward discharges in the mesosphere, due to intense quasi‐electrostatic thundercloud fields (1995) (213)
- Heating and ionization of the lower ionosphere by lightning (1991) (200)
- Monte Carlo simulation of runaway MeV electron breakdown with application to red sprites and terrestrial gamma ray flashes (1999) (182)
- Ionospheric D region remote sensing using VLF radio atmospherics (1998) (182)
- ELF radiation produced by electrical currents in sprites (1998) (163)
- Interaction with the lower ionosphere of electromagnetic pulses from lightning: Heating, attachment, and ionization (1993) (159)
- VLF line radiation in the Earth's magnetosphere and its association with power system radiation (1975) (156)
- Electrostatic lower hybrid waves excited by electromagnetic whistler mode waves scattering from planar magnetic‐field‐aligned plasma density irregularities (1990) (140)
- The nonlinear gyroresonance interaction between energetic electrons and coherent VLF waves propagating at an arbitrary angle with respect to the Earth's magnetic field (1984) (138)
- Source characteristics of ELF/VLF chorus (2002) (133)
- Runaway electrons as a source of red sprites in the mesosphere (1995) (131)
- Rapid lateral expansion of optical luminosity in lightning‐induced ionospheric flashes referred to as ‘elves' (1997) (124)
- VLF signatures of ionospheric disturbances associated with sprites (1995) (112)
- Controlled precipitation of radiation belt electrons (2003) (112)
- PLASMA INSTABILITY IN THE WHISTLER MODE CAUSED BY A GYRATING ELECTRON STREAM (1964) (103)
- Sprites as Luminous Columns of Ionization Produced by Quasi-Electrostatic Thundercloud Fields (1996) (99)
- Magnetospherically reflected whistlers as a source of plasmaspheric hiss (1992) (94)
- The interaction with the lower ionosphere of electromagnetic pulses from lightning: Excitation of optical emissions (1993) (93)
- Evidence for continuing current in sprite‐producing cloud‐to‐ground lightning (1996) (92)
- Mechanism of ELF radiation from sprites (1998) (84)
- Particle precipitation induced by short‐duration VLF waves in the magnetosphere (1982) (83)
- Fractal structure of sprites (2000) (81)
- Sustained heating of the ionosphere above thunderstorms as evidenced in “early/fast” VLF events (1996) (80)
- Intense continuing currents following positive cloud‐to‐ground lightning associated with red sprites (1998) (79)
- γ‐Ray emission produced by a relativistic beam of runaway electrons accelerated by quasi‐electrostatic thundercloud fields (1996) (74)
- A multiple-mode three-dimensional model of VLF propagation in the earth-ionosphere waveguide in the presence of localized D region disturbances (1993) (74)
- Temporal signatures of radiation belt electron precipitation induced by lightning‐generated MR whistler waves: 1. Methodology (2006) (73)
- Ionization of the lower ionosphere by γ‐rays from a Magnetar: Detection of a low energy (3–10 keV) component (1999) (71)
- Scattering pattern of lightning‐induced ionospheric disturbances associated with early/fast VLF events (1999) (69)
- Blue jets produced by quasi‐electrostatic pre‐discharge thundercloud fields (1996) (69)
- Explorer 45 and Imp 6 observations in the magnetosphere of injected waves from the Siple Station VLF transmitter (1977) (68)
- Electrostatic waves stimulated by coherent VLF signals propagating in and near the inner radiation belt (1988) (68)
- The apparent spectral broadening of VLF transmitter signals during transionospheric propagation (1983) (68)
- Landau damping and resultant unidirectional propagation of chorus waves (2006) (66)
- Vlf/elf radiation patterns of arbitrarily oriented electric and magnetic dipoles in a cold lossless multicomponent magnetoplasma. (1972) (64)
- A two‐dimensional model of runaway electron beams driven by quasi‐electrostatic thundercloud fields (1997) (63)
- Energy distribution and lifetime of magnetospherically reflecting whistlers in the plasmasphere (2003) (63)
- Temporal signatures of radiation belt electron precipitation induced by lightning-generated MR whistler waves: 2. Global signatures (2006) (63)
- ELF waves generated by modulated HF heating of the auroral electrojet and observed at a ground distance of ∼4400 km (2007) (63)
- Effects of thunderstorm‐driven runaway electrons in the conjugate hemisphere: Purple sprites, ionization enhancements, and gamma rays (2001) (60)
- Early/fast VLF events produced by electron density changes associated with sprite halos (2003) (57)
- Source regions of banded chorus (2009) (57)
- Small-scale field-aligned plasmaspheric density structures inferred from the Radio Plasma Imager on IMAGE (2002) (56)
- Frequency-time spectra of magnetospherically reflecting whistlers in the plasmasphere (2003) (56)
- Nonducted coherent VLF waves and associated triggered emissions observed on the ISEE-1 satellite (1981) (55)
- Three‐dimensional modeling of subionospheric VLF propagation in the presence of localized D region perturbations associated with lightning (1990) (55)
- A comparison of equatorial electron densities measured by whistlers and by a satellite radio technique (1981) (55)
- Precipitation of radiation belt electrons induced by obliquely propagating lightning‐generated whistlers (2001) (52)
- VLF chorus emissions observed by Polar during the January 10, 1997, magnetic cloud (1998) (52)
- Radiation resistance of a short dipole immersed in a cold magnetoionic medium. (1969) (52)
- The wave magnetic field amplitude threshold for nonlinear trapping of energetic gyroresonant and Landau resonant electrons by nonducted VLF waves in the magnetosphere (1986) (52)
- Lightning-induced energetic electron flux enhancements in the drift loss cone (2001) (51)
- Multi‐hop whistler‐mode ELF/VLF signals and triggered emissions excited by the HAARP HF heater (2004) (49)
- The Landau damping of magnetospherically reflected whistlers within the plasmasphere (2002) (49)
- Sprites as evidence of vertical gravity wave structures above mesoscale thunderstorms (1997) (46)
- DEMETER observations of an intense upgoing column of ELF/VLF radiation excited by the HAARP HF heater (2008) (46)
- Precipitation signatures of ground-based VLF transmitters (2008) (45)
- Transient nonlinear pitch angle scattering of energetic electrons by coherent VLF wave packets in the magnetosphere (1981) (43)
- VLF/ELF input impedance of an arbitrarily oriented loop antenna in a cold collisionless multicomponent magnetoplasma (1972) (43)
- ISEE 1 observations of VLF line radiation in the Earth's magnetosphere (1982) (41)
- A quiet band produced by VLF transmitter signals in the magnetosphere (1977) (40)
- ULF wave generation through particle precipitation induced by VLF transmitters (1976) (40)
- Poleward‐displaced electron precipitation from lightning‐generated oblique whistlers (1999) (40)
- DEMETER observations of ELF waves injected with the HAARP HF transmitter (2006) (39)
- Observations of amplitude saturation in ELF/VLF wave generation by modulated HF heating of the auroral electrojet (2006) (39)
- ELF sferic energy as a proxy indicator for sprite occurrence (1999) (39)
- The scattering of VLF waves by localized ionospheric disturbances produced by lightning‐induced electron precipitation (1993) (39)
- Mesosphere‐troposphere coupling due to sprites (2001) (38)
- Cluster measurements of rapidly moving sources of ELF/VLF chorus (2004) (37)
- VLF Antarctic antenna: Impedance and efficiency (1974) (37)
- On VLF Radiation Resistance of an Electric Dipole in a Cold Magnetoplasma (1970) (37)
- Simultaneous observations of VLF ground transmitter signals on the DE 1 and COSMOS 1809 satellites: Detection of a magnetospheric caustic and a duct (1994) (36)
- Pulsation phenomena observed in long-duration vlf whistler-mode signals. (1971) (35)
- Radiation resistance of a small filamentary loop antenna in a cold multicomponent magnetoplasma (1971) (35)
- Diagnostics of magnetospheric electron density and irregularities at altitudes <5000 km using whistler and Z mode echoes from radio sounding on the IMAGE satellite (2004) (35)
- Ionospheric effects due to electrostatic thundercloud fields (1998) (35)
- Trapped energetic electron curtains produced by thunderstorm driven relativistic runaway electrons (2000) (35)
- EXOS‐B/Siple Station VLF wave‐particle interaction experiments: 1. General description and wave‐particle correlations (1983) (34)
- D region disturbances caused by electromagnetic pulses from lightning (1992) (34)
- Cluster observations of whistler mode ducts and banded chorus (2011) (32)
- HF modulated ionospheric currents (2007) (32)
- Simultaneous triggered VLF emissions and energetic electron distributions observed on POLAR with PWI and HYDRA (2000) (32)
- High‐amplitude VLF transmitter signals and associated sidebands observed near the magnetic equatorial plane on the ISEE 1 satellite (1985) (32)
- VLF remote sensing of high‐energy auroral particle precipitation (1997) (32)
- Mesospheric electric field transients due to tropospheric lightning discharges (1999) (31)
- Terminal Impedance and Antenna Current Distribution of a VLF Electric Dipole in the Inner Magnetosphere (2008) (31)
- NONLINEAR ALFVEN WAVES IN A VLASOV PLASMA (1965) (30)
- Z‐mode sounding within propagation “cavities” and other inner magnetospheric regions by the RPI instrument on the IMAGE satellite (2003) (30)
- Spectral broadening of VLF transmitter signals observed on DE 1: A quasi-electrostatic phenomenon? (1985) (29)
- Whistlers and plasmaspheric hiss: Wave directions and three-dimensional propagation (1993) (29)
- Direct multiple path magnetospheric propagation: A fundamental property of nonducted VLF waves (1984) (28)
- L dependence of energetic electron precipitation driven by magnetospherically reflecting whistler waves (2002) (28)
- Altitude profiles of localized D region density disturbances produced in lightning‐induced electron precipitation events (1995) (27)
- Precipitation of suprathermal (100 eV) electrons by oblique whistler waves (1992) (26)
- Exos-B/Siple Station VLF wave-particle interaction experiments 2. Transmitter signals and associated emissions (1983) (25)
- Pitch angle scattering of energetic particles by oblique whistler waves (1991) (25)
- Ionospheric effects of relativistic electron enhancement events (1999) (24)
- Resonance between coherent whistler mode waves and electrons in the topside ionosphere (1987) (24)
- Feasibility of a multisatellite investigation of the Earth's magnetosphere with radio tomography (2000) (24)
- DE‐1 observations of lower hybrid waves excited by VLF whistler mode waves (1991) (24)
- Optical signatures of lightning-induced heating of the D region (1992) (24)
- A NEW MECHANISM FOR ACCELERATING ELECTRONS IN THE OUTER IONOSPHERE. Technical Report No. 4 (1960) (24)
- Echo‐induced suppression of coherent VLF transmitter signals in the magnetosphere (1977) (23)
- Energetic electron precipitation due to gyroresonant interactions in the magnetosphere Involving coherent VLF waves with slowly varying frequency (1983) (23)
- Precipitation of radiation belt electrons by magnetospherically reflected (MR) whistlers (1994) (23)
- DEMETER observations of ionospheric heating by powerful VLF transmitters (2010) (22)
- DE 1 VLF observations during activity wave injection experiments (1994) (22)
- VLF-HF heating of the lower ionosphere and ELF wave generation (1992) (20)
- Current distribution of a VLF electric dipole antenna in the plasmasphere (2006) (20)
- Cluster observations of ELF/VLF signals generated by modulated heating of the lower ionosphere with the HAARP HF transmitter (2004) (20)
- Heating of the nighttime D region by very low frequency transmitters (1994) (20)
- Artificial production of VLF hiss (1968) (20)
- Modeling of Doppler‐shifted terrestrial VLF transmitter signals observed by DEMETER (2009) (19)
- CLUSTER observations of lower hybrid waves excited at high altitudes by electromagnetic whistler mode signals from the HAARP facility (2004) (19)
- DEMETER observations of the ionospheric trough over HAARP in relation to HF heating experiments (2011) (19)
- Cold plasma diagnostics using satellite measurements of VLF signals from ground transmitters (1977) (19)
- Saturation effects in the VLF-triggered emission process (2008) (18)
- Lower hybrid waves excited through linear mode coupling and the heating of ions in the auroral and subauroral magnetosphere (1991) (18)
- Effects of plasma density irregularities on the pitch angle scattering of radiation belt electrons by signals from ground based VLF transmitters (2008) (17)
- The heating of suprathermal ions above thunderstorm cells (1993) (17)
- Equatorial gyroresonance between electrons and magnetospherically reflected whistlers (1990) (17)
- Multi-Point Cluster Observations of VLF Risers, Fallers and Hooks at and Near the Plasmapause (2004) (16)
- Nonlinear wave‐wave interactions in the subauroral ionosphere on the basis of ISIS‐2 satellite observations of Siple Station VLF signals (1993) (16)
- Finite difference modeling of coherent wave amplification in the Earth's radiation belts (2014) (16)
- Whistlers observed by the Cluster spacecraft outside the plasmasphere. (2005) (16)
- VLF remote sensing of the auroral electrojet (1996) (15)
- Theoretical and numerical analysis of radiation belt electron precipitation by coherent whistler mode waves (2014) (15)
- Energetic electron precipitation induced by space based VLF transmitters (2008) (14)
- Electric dipole radiation at vlf in a uniform warm magneto-plasma (1972) (14)
- Rapidly moving sources of upper band ELF/VLF chorus near the magnetic equator (2003) (14)
- Side‐band mutual interactions in the magnetosphere (1980) (14)
- The effect of electron and ion temperature on the refractive index surface of 1–10 kHz whistler mode waves in the inner magnetosphere (2015) (14)
- Remote sensing of ionospheric disturbances associated with energetic particle precipitation using the South Pole VLF beacon (2007) (14)
- DE‐1 and COSMOS 1809 observations of lower hybrid waves excited by VLF whistler mode waves (1994) (13)
- Spin modulation of spectrally broadened VLF signals (1987) (13)
- Whistler-mode wave-injection experiments in the plasmasphere with a radio sounder (2001) (12)
- On VLF radiation fields along the static magnetic field from sources immersed in a magnetoplasma (1969) (12)
- Quasi-electrostatic whistler mode wave excitation by linear scattering of EM whistler mode waves from magnetic field-aligned density irregularities (2010) (12)
- Fluid simulation of the collisionless plasma sheath surrounding an electric dipole antenna in the inner magnetosphere (2010) (12)
- Comments on "The magneto-ionic theory for a drifting plasma" (1963) (10)
- Whistler mode illumination of the plasmaspheric resonant cavity via in situ injection of ELF/VLF waves (2006) (9)
- Wave-Particle Gyroresonance Interactions in the Earth's Outer Ionosphere. (1964) (9)
- Spatial dependence of banded chorus intensity near the magnetic equator (2012) (8)
- On input impedance of an arbitrarily oriented small loop antenna in a cold collisionless magnetoplasma (1973) (8)
- VLF signatures of ionospheric heating by HIPAS (1995) (7)
- VLF strip holographie imaging of lightning‐associated ionospheric disturbances (1996) (7)
- The Siple VLF transmitter as a multi-frequency probe of the Earth-ionosphere waveguide (1988) (7)
- A new type of VLF emission triggered at low altitude in the subauroral region by Siple Station VLF transmitter signals (1985) (7)
- 3-D Modeling of Subionospheric VLF Propagation in the Presence of Localized D-Region Perturbations Associated with Lightning (1990) (6)
- A VLF transmitter on the Space Shuttle (1981) (6)
- Quasiperiodic 5-60 s fluctuations of VLF signals propagating in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide: A result of pulsating auroral particle precipitation? (1997) (6)
- Characterization of terminal impedance and radiation properties of a horizontal VLF antenna over Antarctic ice (2006) (5)
- Jikiken(EXOS-B) observation of siple transmissions (1981) (5)
- Modeling scattering from lightning‐induced ionospheric disturbances with the discontinuous Galerkin method (2011) (4)
- Ionospheric Evidence of Hot Oxygen in the Upper Atmosphere of Venus (Paper 92GL01804) 1627 (1992) (4)
- The space shuttle as a platform for observations of ground-based transmitter signals and whistlers (1987) (4)
- Proton cyclotron echoes and a new resonance observed by the Radio Plasma Imager instrument on the IMAGE satellite (2007) (4)
- EXOS-B/Siple Station VLF wave-particle interaction experiment (1981) (3)
- GEOCYCLOTRON FEASIBILITY STUDY. (1963) (2)
- Full-wave method of calculation of electromagnetic fields in stratified media (2011) (2)
- Time Reversal of the Geocyclotron Mechanism (1964) (2)
- Full wave modeling of VLF wave scattering and propagation in curvilinear stratified ionosphere (2012) (2)
- ELF Radiation Produced by Electrical Currents in (1998) (2)
- Discontinuous Galerkin particle-in-cell simulation of longitudinal plasma wave damping and comparison to the Landau approximation and the exact solution of the dispersion relation (2011) (2)
- ISEE-1 observations in the magnetosphere of VLF emissions triggered by nonducted coherent VLF waves during VLF waveinjection experiments (1981) (2)
- An interpretation of a mysterious 3.0‐ to 4.6‐kHz emission band observed on Voyager 2 near Neptune (1995) (2)
- Coherent wave induced particle precipitation into the upper atmosphere. [due to energetic electrons interacting with VLF waves in magnetosphere (1977) (1)
- Stimulation of ULF (Ultra-Low-Frequencies) Geomagnetic Pulsations by Controlled VLF (Very-Low-Frequencies) Transmissions into the Magnetosphere (1977) (1)
- Reply [to “Comment of ‘VLF signatures of ionospheric disturbances associated with sprites’ by Inan et al.”] (1996) (1)
- Characterization of the Auroral Electrojet and the Ambient and Modified D Region for HAARP Using Long-Path VLF Diagnostics (2001) (1)
- Modeling VLF propagation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide using the discontinuous Galerkin method (2011) (0)
- Observations and Analysis of Discrete and Diffuse Whistler Mode Echoes Received by RPI on IMAGE (2002) (0)
- Deducing the structure of plasma density irregularities using signals from the Siple Station very-low-frequency transmitter (1988) (0)
- Spatial Power Distribution of ELF Radiation Induced by HF Heating of the Ionosphere (2010) (0)
- VLF radiation from lightning (2010) (0)
- VLF Electromagnetic Wave Propagation over Large Distances using Time-domain Segmented Long Path Technique (2008) (0)
- Saturation Effects in the VLF Scattering off HF Heated Ionosphere (2011) (0)
- Numerical Modeling of Electron Precipitation by Coherent Whistler Mode Pulses over a Range of Amplitude and Frequency Sweep Rates (2013) (0)
- Finite difference frequency domain (FDFD) modeling of trans-ionospheric propagation of VLF signals over long sub-ionospheric paths (2007) (0)
- Radio sounding from IMAGE: New perspectives on field aligned density irregularities, Z and whistler mode diagnostics, and proton cyclotron harmonic echoes (2011) (0)
- VLF Transmitter Signal Power Loss to Quasi-Electrostatic Whistler Mode Waves in Regions Containing Plasma Density Irregularities (2010) (0)
- SEL 77-042 STIMULATION OF ULF GEOMAGNETIC PULSATIONS BY CONTROLLED VLF TRANSMISSIONS INTO THE MAGNETOSPHERE by (2013) (0)
- ELF Waves Generated by Modulated HF Heating of the Auroral Electrojet and Observed at a Ground Distance of Approximately 4400 km (2007) (0)
- Excitation of the Magnetospheric Cavity (2007) (0)
- Proton Gyro-harmonic Echoes Observed by the RPI Instrument on the IMAGE Satellite (2006) (0)
- Specification of UV, Visible, and Infrared Emission Spectra of Sprites and Blue Jets (2002) (0)
- The Effects of Plasma Density Irregularities on the Pitch Angle Scattering of Energetic Radiation Belt Electrons due to VLF Signals from Ground Based Transmitters. (2007) (0)
- Correction to “Pitch angle scattering of energetic particles by oblique whistler waves” by U.S. Inan and T.F. Bell (1992) (0)
- Controlled artificial generation of ultra-low-frequency hydromagnetic waves in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Final report January 1975--February 1977 (1978) (0)
- VLF wave-particle interaction experiments by EXOS-B/Siple station transmissions (1984) (0)
- Characterization of the Ionosphere Above the HAARP HF Heater Using DEMETER Satellite Data (2008) (0)
- ISII-II satellite observations during Siple Station very-low-frequency wave-injection experiments (1987) (0)
- Cluster Observations Whistler-mode Propagation Inside and Outside the Plasmasphere (2004) (0)
- Effects of artificial D-region disturbances on the transionospheric propagation of VLF waves (2010) (0)
- Correspondence between whistler mode ducts and chorus emissions observed on the Cluster spacecraft (2011) (0)
- A Rare Encounter of Cluster With Source Region(s) of Elf/vlf Chorus (2002) (0)
- Very Low Frequency (VLF) Remote Sensing of Gravity Waves Generated by the Auroral Electrojet (2002) (0)
- Remote Detection of Small Scale Plasma Density Irregularities in the Outer Plasmasphere Using the Radio Plasma Imager on the IMAGE Spacecraft (2001) (0)
- Modeling of Triggered Emissions Using Pitch Angle Diffusion (2005) (0)
- Controlled Precipitation of Radiation Belt Particles (2003) (0)
- Detection of the 27 Aug 1998 Gamma Ray Flare, and Ionospheric Effects of Relativistic Electron Flux Enhancements (1999) (0)
- The contribution of artificial D-region disturbances to the ionospheric VLF wave environment (2011) (0)
- Plasmaspheric Structure Revealed by Radio Sounding (2001) (0)
- CLUSTER observations of lower hybrid waves excited at high altitudes by electromagnetic whistler mode signals from HAARP (2003) (0)
- Cluster in the Auroral Acceleration Region (2010) (0)
- DEMETER Observations of a Column of Intense Up-going ELF/VLF Radiation Excited by the HAARP HF Heater (2008) (0)
- DEMETER observations of plasma density irregularities induced above powerful VLF transmitters and their connection with energetic proton precipitation from the radiation belts (2008) (0)
- じきけん/サイプル局信号による波動-粒子相互作用の実験 (1980) (0)
- Satellite measurements during Siple Station VLF wave-injection experiments (1982) (0)
- ELF/VLF Waves Generated by an Artificially-Modulated Auroral Electrojet Above the HAARP HF Transmitter (2004) (0)
- Excitation of the Magnetospheric Cavity by Space-Based ELF/VLF Transmitters (2005) (0)
- Recent Results of DEMETER Satellite Observations of HAARP-generated HF and ELF Waves (2009) (0)
- Observations and Analysis of Diffuse Whistler Mode Echoes Received by RPI on Image (2001) (0)
- High altitude satellite observations of signals from the Siple transmitter (1980) (0)
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What Schools Are Affiliated With Timothy Francis Bell?
Timothy Francis Bell is affiliated with the following schools:
