Ting‐chao Chou

Q: What Schools Are Affiliated With Ting‐chao Chou

Ting‐chao Chou is affiliated with the following schools: Massachusetts General Hospital

Ting‐chao Chou's AcademicInfluence.com Rankings

Ting‐chao Chou

Medical

#1365

World Rank

#1695

Historical Rank

Pharmacology

#108

World Rank

#137

Historical Rank

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Medical

Ting‐chao Chou's Degrees

PhD Pharmacology University of California, San Francisco

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Ting‐chao Chou's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

Theoretical Basis, Experimental Design, and Computerized Simulation of Synergism and Antagonism in Drug Combination Studies (2006) (4162)
Drug combination studies and their synergy quantification using the Chou-Talalay method. (2010) (4070)
Human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies of the IgG1 subtype protect against mucosal simian–human immunodeficiency virus infection (2000) (924)
Analysis of combined drug effects: a new look at a very old problem (1983) (573)
Computerized quantitation of synergism and antagonism of taxol, topotecan, and cisplatin against human teratocarcinoma cell growth: a rational approach to clinical protocol design. (1994) (503)
Irinotecan is an active agent in untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. (1996) (353)
Ribavirin antagonizes the effect of azidothymidine on HIV replication (1987) (281)
Synergism and antagonism in chemotherapy (1991) (246)
Pharmacokinetic interactions augment toxicities of sirolimus/cyclosporine combinations. (2001) (234)
Preclinical versus clinical drug combination studies (2008) (233)
Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro by azidothymidine and recombinant alpha A interferon (1987) (217)
Synergistic effects of new chemopreventive agents and conventional cytotoxic agents against human lung cancer cell lines. (1999) (198)
Synergistic interactions of cyclosporine and rapamycin to inhibit immune performances of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. (1991) (197)
Postnatal Passive Immunization of Neonatal Macaques with a Triple Combination of Human Monoclonal Antibodies against Oral Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Challenge (2001) (169)
The Total Synthesis of Dynemicin A Leading to Development of a Fully Contained Bioreductively Activated Enediyne Prodrug (1996) (163)
BI-RG-587 is active against zidovudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and synergistic with zidovudine (1991) (157)
Comparisons of anti-human immunodeficiency virus activities, cellular transport, and plasma and intracellular pharmacokinetics of 3'-fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (1992) (153)
Synergistic anticancer effects of ganciclovir/thymidine kinase and 5-fluorocytosine/cytosine deaminase gene therapies. (1998) (149)
Multimodal cancer treatment mediated by a replicating oncolytic virus that delivers the oxazaphosphorine/rat cytochrome P450 2B1 and ganciclovir/herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene therapies. (1999) (135)
Total Synthesis of (–)‐Epothilone B: An Extension of the Suzuki Coupling Method and Insights into Structure–Activity Relationships of the Epothilones (1997) (134)
Synergistic combination of microtubule targeting anticancer fludelone with cytoprotective panaxytriol derived from panax ginseng against MX-1 cells in vitro: experimental design and data analysis using the combination index method. (2016) (120)
REMOTE EFFECTS IN MACROLIDE FORMATION THROUGH RING-FORMING OLEFIN METATHESIS : AN APPLICATION TO THE SYNTHESIS OF FULLY ACTIVE EPOTHILONE CONGENERS (1997) (112)
Metabolism of 1- β -d-Arabinofuranosylcytosine in Human Leukemic Cells (1977) (109)
Lamivudine or stavudine in two- and three-drug combinations against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in vitro. (1996) (108)
The synthesis, discovery, and development of a highly promising class of microtubule stabilization agents: Curative effects of desoxyepothilones B and F against human tumor xenografts in nude mice (2001) (107)
Two drug combinations of zidovudine, didanosine, and recombinant interferon-alpha inhibit replication of zidovudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 synergistically in vitro. (1991) (106)
Synergistic neutralization of HIV-1 by human monoclonal antibodies against the V3 loop and the CD4-binding site of gp120. (1992) (106)
Strong in Vitro Synergy Between the Fusion Inhibitor T‐20 and the CXCR4 Blocker AMD‐3100 (2000) (103)
On the remarkable antitumor properties of fludelone: how we got there. (2005) (103)
Paclitaxel enhances in vitro radiosensitivity of squamous carcinoma cell lines of the head and neck. (1996) (102)
Staurosporine and ent-Staurosporine: The First Total Syntheses, Prospects for a Regioselective Approach, and Activity Profiles1 (1996) (101)
Structure–Activity Relationship of the Epothilones and the First In Vivo Comparison with Paclitaxel† (1997) (98)
Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Interactions of SCH-C (SCH 351125), a CCR5 Antagonist, with Other Antiretroviral Agents In Vitro (2002) (98)
Effects of the pharmacokinetic interaction between orally administered sirolimus and cyclosporine on the synergistic prolongation of heart allograft survival in rats. (1996) (91)
Synergistic Neutralization of Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus SHIV-vpu+ by Triple and Quadruple Combinations of Human Monoclonal Antibodies and High-Titer Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Immunoglobulins (1998) (85)
Discovery of (E)-9,10-dehydroepothilones through chemical synthesis: on the emergence of 26-trifluoro-(E)-9,10-dehydro-12,13-desoxyepothilone B as a promising anticancer drug candidate. (2004) (81)
Design, synthesis and antitumor evaluation of phenyl N-mustard-quinazoline conjugates. (2011) (80)
Highly concise routes to epothilones: the total synthesis and evaluation of epothilone 490. (2002) (77)
Intercalating agents with covalent bond forming capability. A novel type of potential anticancer agents. 2. Derivatives of chrysophanol and emodin. (1989) (77)
Synergistic effect of 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide and etoposide on a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) demonstrated by computer analysis. (1985) (73)
Metabolism and selective effects of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in L1210 and Host tissues in vivo. (1975) (73)
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) inhibitory interactions between protease inhibitor Ro 31-8959 and zidovudine, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine, or recombinant interferon-alpha A against zidovudine-sensitive or -resistant HIV-1 in vitro. (1992) (71)
Three-drug synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 replication in vitro by zidovudine, recombinant soluble CD4, and recombinant interferon-alpha A. (1990) (70)
9-substituted acridine derivatives with long half-life and potent antitumor activity: synthesis and structure-activity relationships. (1995) (70)
Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and type 2 replication in vitro by castanospermine and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (1989) (70)
Up‐regulation of GADD34 mediates the synergistic anticancer activity of mitomycin C and a γ134.5 deleted oncolytic herpes virus (G207) (2004) (68)
Sequence-dependent synergistic cytotoxicity of ecteinascidin-743 and paclitaxel in human breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. (2002) (68)
Complex target-oriented total synthesis in the drug discovery process: the discovery of a highly promising family of second generation epothilones. (2003) (66)
Co-exposure to low doses of the food contaminants deoxynivalenol and nivalenol has a synergistic inflammatory effect on intestinal explants (2017) (66)
Cisplatin-induced GADD34 upregulation potentiates oncolytic viral therapy in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (2006) (63)
Synergistic neutralization of a chimeric SIV/HIV type 1 virus with combinations of human anti-HIV type 1 envelope monoclonal antibodies or hyperimmune globulins. (1997) (63)
Synergistic inhibition of replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, including that of a zidovudine-resistant isolate, by zidovudine and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine in vitro (1992) (61)
The mass-action law based algorithm for cost-effective approach for cancer drug discovery and development. (2011) (59)
Synthesis and biological activity of stable and potent antitumor agents, aniline nitrogen mustards linked to 9-anilinoacridines via a urea linkage. (2008) (58)
Synergy of a Herpes Oncolytic Virus and Paclitaxel for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (2008) (57)
Synergistic inhibition of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III replication in vitro by phosphonoformate and recombinant alpha-A interferon (1986) (57)
The Synergistic Effects Of Cyclosporine, Sirolimus, And Brequinar On Heart Allograft Survival In Mice (1995) (57)
Potent neutralization of primary human immunodeficiency virus clade C isolates with a synergistic combination of human monoclonal antibodies raised against clade B. (2001) (56)
Insights into long-range structural effects on the stereochemistry of aldol condensations: a practical total synthesis of desoxyepothilone F. (2001) (55)
The combination index (CI < 1) as the definition of synergism and of synergy claims (2018) (55)
Therapeutic effect against human xenograft tumors in nude mice by the third generation microtubule stabilizing epothilones (2008) (55)
Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in vitro by recombinant soluble CD4 and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine. (1989) (55)
5-Fluorouracil and gemcitabine potentiate the efficacy of oncolytic herpes viral gene therapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer (2005) (54)
Modulation of growth and proliferation in squamous cell carcinoma by retinoic acid: A rationale for combination therapy with chemotherapeutic agents (1995) (54)
Design of antineoplastic agents based on the '2-phenylnaphthalene-type' structural pattern--synthesis and biological activity studies of 11H-indolo[3.2-c]quinoline derivatives. (2003) (54)
Design and total synthesis of a superior family of epothilone analogues, which eliminate xenograft tumors to a nonrelapsable state. (2003) (54)
Novel antitumor indolizino[6,7-b]indoles with multiple modes of action: DNA cross-linking and topoisomerase I and II inhibition. (2013) (52)
Radiation therapy potentiates effective oncolytic viral therapy in the treatment of lung cancer. (2005) (52)
Total synthesis as a resource in drug discovery: the first in vivo evaluation of panaxytriol and its derivatives. (2005) (52)
Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of 1-(2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-β-d-arabinofuranosyl)thymine and 1-(2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-β-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (1983) (51)
Potent cross-group neutralization of primary human immunodeficiency virus isolates with monoclonal antibodies--implications for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome vaccine. (2004) (51)
Design of antineoplastic agents on the basis of the "2-phenylnaphthalene-type" structural pattern. 2. Synthesis and biological activity studies of benzo]b]naphtho[2,3-d]furan-6,11-dione derivatives. (1993) (51)
A Novel Aldol Condensation with 2-Methyl-4-pentenal and Its Application to an Improved Total Synthesis of Epothilone B. (1998) (49)
Potent DNA-directed alkylating agents: Synthesis and biological activity of phenyl N-mustard-quinoline conjugates having a urea or hydrazinecarboxamide linker. (2010) (48)
Interferon-alpha and 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine are highly synergistic in mice and prevent viremia after acute retrovirus exposure. (1990) (48)
90-kDa Heat Shock Protein Inhibition Abrogates the Topoisomerase I Poison-Induced G2/M Checkpoint in p53-Null Tumor Cells by Depleting Chk1 and Wee1 (2009) (48)
Potent antitumor bifunctional DNA alkylating agents, synthesis and biological activities of 3a-aza-cyclopenta[a]indenes. (2009) (47)
Delayed treatment with combinations of antiviral drugs in mice infected with herpes simplex virus and application of the median effect method of analysis (1986) (47)
Quantitation of the synergistic interaction of edatrexate and cisplatin in vitro (2004) (47)
Temozolomide enhances herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir therapy of malignant glioma (2001) (47)
Synthesis of pluraflavin A "aglycone". (2008) (47)
7-Silylcamptothecins (silatecans): A new family of camptothecin antitumor agents (1997) (46)
Convection enhanced delivery of carboplatin in combination with radiotherapy for the treatment of brain tumors (2011) (45)
Pharmacological disposition and metabolic fate of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in mice and rats. (1981) (45)
Radiation-Induced Cellular DNA Damage Repair Response Enhances Viral Gene Therapy Efficacy in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2006) (45)
Synthesis and anti-HIV-1 activity of 2'-"up"-fluoro analogues of active anti-AIDS nucleosides 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (DDC). (1990) (45)
In vitro inhibition of the infectivity and replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by combination of antiretroviral 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides and virus-binding inhibitors (1990) (45)
Phase I and clinical pharmacology study of trimetrexate administered weekly for three weeks. (1987) (44)
A rapid assay procedure for ATP:L-methionine adenosyltransferase. (1972) (43)
Utility of a PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor (NVP-BEZ235) for Thyroid Cancer Therapy (2012) (42)
The synergistic interactions in vitro and in vivo of brequinar sodium with cyclosporine or rapamycin alone and in triple combination. (1993) (42)
On the interactivity of complex synthesis and tumor pharmacology in the drug discovery process: total synthesis and comparative in vivo evaluations of the 15-aza epothilones. (2001) (41)
Synergistic interaction of 2',3'-dideoxycytidine and recombinant interferon-alpha-A on replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. (1988) (41)
Evaluation of reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors in two-drug combinations against human immunodeficiency virus replication (1996) (40)
Fluorinated sugar analogues of potential anti-HIV-1 nucleosides. (1991) (40)
Potent antitumor 9-anilinoacridines and acridines bearing an alkylating N-mustard residue on the acridine chromophore: synthesis and biological activity. (2006) (40)
Regulatory properties of adenosine triphosphate-L-methionine S-adenosyltransferase of rat liver. (1973) (40)
The mass-action law based algorithms for quantitative econo-green bio-research. (2011) (39)
Analysis of the interactions of immunosuppressive drugs with cyclosporine in inhibiting DNA proliferation. (1990) (39)
Design of antineoplastic agents on the basis of the “2‐phenyl‐naphthalene‐type” structural pattern. 3. synthesis and biological activity evaluation of 5H‐benzo[b]naphtho‐[2,3‐d]pyrrole‐6,11‐dione derivatives (1996) (39)
Design of antineoplastic agents based on the "2-phenylnaphthalene-type" structural pattern. 4. Synthesis and biological activity of 2-chloro-3-(substituted phenoxy)-1, 4-naphthoquinones and related 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones. (1999) (38)
Utility of a Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor (PXD101) for Thyroid Cancer Treatment (2013) (38)
Total syntheses of [17]- and [18]dehydrodesoxyepothilones B via a concise ring-closing metathesis-based strategy: correlation of ring size with biological activity in the epothilone series. (2002) (38)
Two-drug combinations of zidovudine, didanosine, and recombinant interferon-alpha A inhibit replication of zidovudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 synergistically in vitro. (1991) (38)
Incorporation of metabolites of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine into deoxyribonucleic acid of neoplastic and normal mammalian tissues. (1982) (38)
Assessment of synergistic and antagonistic effects of chemotherapeutic agents in vitro. (1994) (38)
Drug combination in vivo using combination index method: Taxotere and T607 against colon carcinoma HCT-116 xenograft tumor in nude mice (2016) (38)
Synergistic inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in vitro by two-drug and three-drug combinations of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, phosphonoformate, and 2',3'-dideoxythymidine (1991) (38)
Stereoselective syntheses and evaluation of compounds in the 8-desmethylepothilone a series: Some surprising observations regarding their chemical and biological properties (1997) (37)
Antitumor AHMA linked to DNA minor groove binding agents: synthesis and biological evaluation. (2002) (36)
Passive immunization against oral AIDS virus transmission: An approach to prevent mother‐to‐infant HIV‐1 transmission? (2001) (36)
Therapeutic cure against human tumor xenografts in nude mice by a microtubule stabilization agent, fludelone, via parenteral or oral route. (2005) (35)
Synthesis and biological effects of 2'-fluoro-5-ethyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (1987) (35)
A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, dinaciclib in preclinical treatment models of thyroid cancer (2017) (34)
Frequently asked questions in drug combinations and the mass-action law-based answers (2014) (34)
Antagonism between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitors indinavir and saquinavir in vitro. (1997) (33)
Role of MAPK in oncolytic herpes viral therapy in triple-negative breast cancer (2014) (33)
Synthesis and conformational analysis of (E)-9,10-dehydroepothilone B: a suggestive link between the chemistry and biology of epothilones. (2003) (33)
THE IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE ANTAGONISM OF LOW DOSES OF FK506 AND CYCLOSPORINE (1991) (33)
Potent reversal of multidrug resistance by ningalins and its use in drug combinations against human colon carcinoma xenograft in nude mice (2005) (33)
Phase I evaluation of succinylated Acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase in adults. (1980) (32)
On the introduction of a trifluoromethyl substituent in the epothilone setting: chemical issues related to ring forming olefin metathesis and earliest biological findings. (2002) (32)
Synthesis of the acridone alkaloids glyfoline and congeners. Structure-activity relationship studies of cytotoxic acridones. (1992) (32)
Synergistic action of oncolytic herpes simplex virus and radiotherapy in pancreatic cancer cell lines (2010) (32)
Primary African HIV clade A and D isolates: effective cross-clade neutralization with a quadruple combination of human monoclonal antibodies raised against clade B. (2003) (32)
Potent antitumor 9-anilinoacridines bearing an alkylating N-mustard residue on the anilino ring: synthesis and biological activity. (2005) (31)
Induction of deoxycytidine kinase by 5-azacytidine in an HL-60 cell line resistant to arabinosylcytosine. (1991) (31)
Efficacy of an HSP90 inhibitor, ganetespib, in preclinical thyroid cancer models (2017) (30)
Total synthesis and antitumor activity of 12,13-desoxyepothilone F: an unexpected solvolysis problem at C15, mediated by remote substitution at C21. (2000) (30)
Chemical enhancement of cisplatin cytotoxicity in a human ovarian and cervical cancer cell line. (1990) (30)
Synthesis and antitumor evaluation of novel benzo[d]pyrrolo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives. (2012) (30)
Synthesis and antitumor activity of 5-(9-acridinylamino)anisidine derivatives. (2005) (30)
Duration of the dormant state in an established cell line of human hematopoietic cells. (1977) (30)
Alternating versus continuous drug regimens in combination chemotherapy of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in vitro (1994) (29)
Herpes simplex virus based gene therapy enhances the efficacy of mitomycin C for the treatment of human bladder transitional cell carcinoma. (2004) (29)
Differential effect of imatinib and synergism of combination treatment with chemotherapeutic agents in malignant glioma cells. (2009) (29)
TAK-220, a Novel Small-Molecule CCR5 Antagonist, Has Favorable Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Interactions with Other Antiretrovirals In Vitro (2005) (29)
Effect of very high-dose thymidine infusions on leukemia and lymphoma patients. (1984) (29)
Nucleosides. CXXXV. Synthesis of some 9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-9H-purines and their biological activities. (1989) (29)
5′-Hydrogenphosphonates and 5′-Methylphosphonates of Sugar Modified Pyrimidine Nucleosides as Potential Anti-HIV-1 Agents.1 (1992) (28)
Susceptibility of human cytomegalovirus to two-drug combinations in vitro. (1996) (27)
Design of Antineoplastic Agents on the Basis of the "2-Phenylnaphthalene-Type" Structural Pattern. I. Synthesis of Substituted 3-Phenylquinazolones, Benzoxazolo[2,3-b]quinazolones and Benzothiazolo[2,3-b]quinazolones (1993) (27)
Reversal of multidrug resistance by two nordihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives, M4N and maltose-M3N, and their use in combination with doxorubicin or paclitaxel (2006) (27)
Drug combinations and effect parameters of zidovudine, stavudine, and nevirapine in standardized drug-sensitive and resistant HIV type 1 strains. (1996) (27)
Uptake, initial effects, and chemotherapeutic efficacy of harringtonine in murine leukemic cells sensitive and resistant to vincristine and other chemotherapeutic agents. (1983) (26)
Clinical evaluation of succinylated Acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase in adult leukemia. (1982) (26)
Schedule-dependent interaction of alpha-difluoromethylornithine and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) against human and hamster pancreatic cancer cell lines. (1987) (26)
Paclitaxel in germ cell cancer. (1995) (25)
Synergistic effect of the rapamycin-cyclosporine combination: median effect analysis of in vitro immune performances by human T lymphocytes in PHA, CD3, and MLR proliferative and cytotoxicity assays. (1991) (25)
Potent antitumor N-mustard derivatives of 9-anilinoacridine, synthesis and antitumor evaluation. (2004) (25)
Synergistic apoptosis of MCF-7 breast cancer cells by 2-methoxyestradiol and bis(ethyl)norspermine. (2007) (25)
Comparison of dose-effect relationships of carcinogens following low-dose chronic exposure and high-dose single injection: an analysis by the median-effect principle. (1980) (25)
Inhibition of cell growth and macromolecule biosynthesis of human promyelocytic leukemic cells by acridone alkaloids (1989) (24)
Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel water-soluble N-mustards as potential anticancer agents. (2011) (24)
Biologic and pharmacologic effects of harringtonine on human leukemia-lymphoma cells (2004) (24)
New analogues of AHMA as potential antitumor agents: synthesis and biological activity. (2003) (24)
Metabolism and effects of 5-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)isocytosine in P815 cells. (1979) (24)
Synergistic Inhibition of Epstein-Barr Virus: Transformation of B Lymphocytes by α and γ Interferon and by 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine (1989) (23)
Analysis of protease inhibitor combinations in vitro: activity of lopinavir, amprenavir and tipranavir against HIV type 1 wild-type and drug-resistant isolates. (2004) (23)
Novel DNA-directed alkylating agents: design, synthesis and potent antitumor effect of phenyl N-mustard-9-anilinoacridine conjugates via a carbamate or carbonate linker. (2009) (23)
Biochemical Effects of 2′-Fluoro-5-methyl-1-β-d-arabinofuranosyluracil and 2′-Fluoro-5-iodo-1-β-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine in Mouse Leukemic Cells Sensitive and Resistant to 1-β-d-Arabinofuranosylcytosine (1982) (22)
Activity of 2-fluoro-5-methylarabinofuranosyluracil against mouse leukemias sensitive to and resistant to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. (1982) (22)
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of potential anticancer agents: alkylcarbamates of 3-(9-acridinylamino)-5-hydroxymethylaniline. (1999) (21)
Novel bifunctional alkylating agents, 5,10-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinoline derivatives, synthesis and biological activity. (2011) (21)
Enediyne Quinone Imines: Truncated, Biologically Active Dynemicin Congeners (1995) (21)
Second generation epothilones: Discovery of fludelone and its extraordinary antitumor properties (2005) (21)
Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity of 9-anilinoacridines bearing N-mustard residue on both anilino and acridine rings. (2009) (21)
The mass-action law-based new computer software, CompuSyn, for automated simulation of synergism and antagonism in drug combination studies (2007) (21)
Kinetic properties and inhibition of Acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase. (1983) (21)
Beneficial effect of graft perfusion with anti-T cell receptor monoclonal antibodies on survival of small bowel allografts in rat recipients treated with brequinar alone or in combination with cyclosporine and sirolimus. (1996) (21)
Topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage activity and irreversibility of cleavable complex formation induced by DNA intercalator with alkylating capability. (1992) (19)
Synthesis of cyclopentanthraquinones: analogs of mitomycin C (1993) (19)
Incorporation and metabolism of 2'-fluoro-5-substituted arabinosyl pyrimidines and their selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-infected and mock-infected Vero cells. (1988) (19)
15 AU81, a prostacyclin analog, potentiates immunosuppression and mitigates renal injury due to cyclosporine. (1993) (19)
On the total synthesis and preliminary biological evaluations of 15(R) and 15(S) aza-dEpoB: a Mitsunobu inversion at C15 in pre-epothilone fragments. (2000) (19)
Effect of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine and recombinant human beta interferon alone and in combination on simian varicella virus infection in monkeys. (1987) (18)
Schedule-dependent synergism of taxol or taxotere with edatrexate against human breast cancer cells in vitro (1995) (18)
Antiviral Activities of 2′-Fluorinated Arabinosyl—Pyrimidine Nucleosides (1988) (18)
Oncolytic vaccinia virus in combination with radiation shows synergistic antitumor efficacy in pancreatic cancer. (2014) (18)
Computerized quantitation of immunosuppressive synergy for clinical protocol design. (1994) (17)
Probing the SAR of dEpoB via chemical synthesis: a total synthesis evaluation of C26-(1,3-dioxolanyl)-12,13-desoxyepothilone B. (2002) (17)
Thymidine as a kinetic and biochemical modulator of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in human acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. (1984) (17)
Synergy Determination Issues (2002) (16)
Interactions among combinations of two and three protease inhibitors against drug-susceptible and drug-resistant HIV-1 isolates. (1999) (16)
IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE EFFECTS OF DEFIBROTIDE (1993) (16)
Kinetics and substrate specificity of human and canine cytidine deaminase. (1986) (16)
Chemical synthesis and biological activities of 5-deazaaminopterin analogues bearing substituent(s) at the 5- and/or 7-position(s). (1988) (16)
A Structured–Activity Relationship Study of Batracylin Analogues (1993) (16)
Biochemical, pharmacological, and phase I clinical evaluation of pseudoisocytidine. (1980) (15)
Analogues of taurine as stimulators and inhibitors of ATP-dependent calcium ion uptake in rat retina: combination kinetics. (1989) (15)
Multifaceted cytoprotection by synthetic polyacetylenes inspired by the ginseng-derived natural product, panaxytriol (2011) (14)
Activity of roniciclib in medullary thyroid cancer (2018) (14)
The synthesis and evaluation of 12,13-benzodesoxyepothilone B: A highly convergent route (1999) (14)
Inhibition of simian varicella virus infection of monkeys by 1-(2-deoxy-2- fluoro-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-ethyluracil (FEAU) and synergistic effects of combination with human recombinant interferon-beta. (1990) (14)
TAK-652, a Novel CCR5 Inhibitor, has Favourable Drug Interactions with other Antiretrovirals in Vitro (2005) (14)
Staurosporine and ent-Staurosporine: The First Total Syntheses, Prospects for a Regioselective Approach, and Activity Profiles. (1996) (12)
Synergistic effects of cyclosporin analogs--A, D, G, IMM-125--with rapamycin and/or brequinar. (1994) (12)
Schedule-dependent synergism of edatrexate and cisplatin in combination in the A549 lung-cancer cell line as assessed by median-effect analysis (2004) (12)
Characteristics of the combination paclitaxel plus doxorubicin in breast cancer cell lines analyzed with the ATP-Cell Viability Assay (1993) (12)
Nucleosides. 150. Synthesis and some biological properties of 5-monofluoromethyl, 5-difluoromethyl, and 5-trifluoromethyl derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine and 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil. (1988) (12)
Three-drug synergistic inhibition of HIV-1 replication in vitro by 3'-fluoro-3'-deoxythymidine, recombinant soluble CD4, and recombinant interferon-alpha. (1992) (12)
Toxicity, elimination, and metabolism of 10-ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin in rats and dogs. (1987) (11)
Remote Effects in Macrolide Formation Through Ring-Forming Olefin Metathesis: An Application to the Synthesis of Fully Active Epothilone Congeners. (1997) (11)
Synergistic interaction between castanospermine and tacrolimus in a rat heart allograft model. (1997) (11)
Phase I study of the sequential administration of edatrexate and paclitaxel in patients with advanced solid tumors. (1999) (11)
Preclinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of the anti-hepatitis virus agent 2'-fluoro-5-ethyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil in mice and rats (1992) (11)
SYNERGISTIC IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE ACTIONS OF CYCLOSPORINE WITH A MOUSE ANTI‐RAT α/β‐T CELL RECEPTOR MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY (1994) (10)
Synergistic growth inhibitory effects of interferon-alpha and lovastatin on bcr-abl positive leukemic cells. (2003) (10)
Metabolism of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in human leukemic cells. (1977) (10)
Nucleosides. CXIX. Substrate specificity and mechanism of action of cytidine deaminases of monkey plasma and mouse kidney. (1981) (10)
In Vitro Anti-HIV-1 Synergy between Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Nevirapine and Efavirenz (2000) (10)
Metabolic competition studies of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine in vero cells and herpes simplex type 1-infected vero cells. (1984) (9)
Novel 2‐Substituted Quinolin‐4‐yl‐benzenesulfonate Derivatives: Synthesis, Antiproliferative Activity, and Inhibition of Cellular Tubulin Polymerization (2011) (9)
Cyclopent[a]anthraquinones as DNA intercalating agents with covalent bond formation potential: synthesis and biological activity. (1996) (9)
Synthetic and antiviral studies of certain acyclic 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) analogues (1991) (9)
Synergistic immunosuppressive actions of cyclosporine with a mouse anti+-rat α/β-T cell receptor monoclonal antibody (1994) (9)
In vitro Anti-HIV-1 Activity of sn-2-Substituted 1-O-Octadecyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphonoformate Analogues and Synergy with Zidovudine (2000) (9)
Design, experimentation and computerized automated data analysis of synergistic drug combinations against xenograft tumors by Taxotere and T900607 (2005) (9)
Combined antiviral effects of paired nucleosides against guinea pig cytomegalovirus replication in vitro. (1990) (9)
In Vitro Inhibition of HIV-1 by Met-Sdf-1β Alone or in Combination with Antiretroviral Drugs (1999) (8)
Chemotherapy: Synergism and Antagonism (2002) (8)
Favorable Interactions between Enfuvirtide and 1-β-d-2,6-Diaminopurine Dioxolane In Vitro (2003) (8)
Differential alteration of the anti-HIV-1 effect of phosphorothioate oligonucleotide S-dC28 by AZT, interferon-alpha, and dextran sulfate. (1991) (8)
Synergistic interaction of 15-deoxyspergualin and cyclosporine to prolong the survival of rat islet allografts. (1994) (8)
Therapy of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary carcinomas with combinations of 5-fluorouracil and 2 alpha-methyldihydrotestosterone propionate. (1982) (8)
Synergistic inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus: transformation of B lymphocytes by alpha and gamma interferon and by 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine. (1989) (8)
Prospects for synergistic immunosuppressive drug therapy in the coming decade. (1992) (7)
DNA interaction and topoisomerase II inhibition by the antitumor agent 3'-(9-acridinylamino)-5'-hydroxymethylaniline and derivatives (1996) (7)
Derivatives of 1-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-phenyluracil and 5-benzyluracil. Synthesis and biological properties (1994) (7)
Modulation of intrinsic in vitro resistance to carboplatin by edatrexate in the A549 human nonsmall cell lung cancer cell line. (1994) (7)
Potent effects of roniciclib alone and with sorafenib against well-differentiated thyroid cancer. (2018) (7)
Synergistic interactions of cyclosporine, rapamycin, and brequinar on heart allograft survival in mice. (1994) (6)
The Mass-Action-Law Based GPS Concept for Bio-Informatics (2008) (6)
Enhanced hydrolytic stability and water solubility of an aromatic nitrogen mustard by conjugation with molecular umbrellas. (2003) (6)
Synthesis and Anti-HIV Activity of 2′-“Up”-Fluoro Analogues of Active Anti-AIDS Nucleosides 3′-Azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) and 2′,3′-Dideoxycytidine (DDC). (1991) (5)
Targeting PLKs as a therapeutic approach to well-differentiated thyroid cancer. (2019) (5)
BO-0742, a derivative of AHMA and N-mustard, has selective toxicity to drug sensitive and drug resistant leukemia cells and solid tumors. (2009) (5)
Computerized quantification of drugs synergism in animal studies or in clinical trials using only ten data points (2019) (5)
Quantitation of synergism of arabinosylcytosine and cladribine against the growth of arabinosylcytosine-resistant human lymphoid cells (2005) (5)
Combined treatment of pancreatic cancer with mithramycin a and tolfenamic Acid promotes sp1 degradation and synergistic antitumor activity--letter. (2011) (5)
Comparison of the mass action law with the power law the probit law and the logit law in dose effect analyses (1977) (5)
Synergistic interaction of 3 M KCl-extracted donor antigens (e-HAg) with cyclosporine or cyclosporine/sirolimus for prolongation of rat heart allograft survival. (1995) (4)
Synthesis of 4-[(1,3-diaminopyrrolo[3′,4′:4,5]pyrido[2,3-d]-pyrimidin-8-yl)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid as a potential antifolate (1993) (4)
Modification by nitrobenzylthioinosine-5'-monophosphate of pseudoisocytidine pharmacokinetics in mice and rats through inhibition of membrane transport. (1983) (4)
The proliferative response of low‐density human cell cultures to tumor promoters and its relevance to carcinogenic mechanisms in vitro (1984) (4)
2-Chloro-2'-deoxyadenosine synergistically enhances azidothymidine cytotoxicity in azidothymidine resistant T-lymphoid cells. (2004) (4)
Antagonistic interactions of hexamethylene bisacetamide in combination with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, adriamycin and harringtonine on the growth and differentiation of HL-60 cells in vitro. (1988) (4)
Synthesis of New Camptothecin Analogues with the E‐Lactone Ring Replaced by α,β‐Cyclohexenone (2006) (4)
Kinetic and biochemical modulation of pyrimidine antimetabolites in therapy of acute leukemia (1981) (4)
Effects of roniciclib in preclinical models of anaplastic thyroid cancer. (2017) (4)
NEW 5'-PHOSPHONATES OF SUGAR-MODIFIED NUCLEOSIDES AS INHIBITORS OF HIV PRODUCTION (1992) (3)
Distribution, metabolism, and excretion of 1-(2-fluoro-2-deoxy-beta-D- arabinofuranosyl)thymine and 1-(2-fluoro-2-deoxy-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5- iodocytosine. (1983) (3)
Synergistic immunosuppressive actions of cyclosporine with a mouse anti-rat alpha/beta-T cell receptor monoclonal antibody. (1994) (3)
Efficacy of adavosertib therapy against anaplastic thyroid cancer. (2021) (3)
Abstract 4554A: Simple, efficient, and quantitative approach for determination of synergism, additive effect, and antagonism of drugsin vivousing combination index method: a proposition for clinical protocol design and regulatory synergy claims (2017) (3)
Cell differentiation effects of 2'-fluoro-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl pyrimidines in HL-60 cells. (1987) (3)
Synthesis of Cyclopentanthraquinones: Analogues of Mitomycin C. (1993) (2)
Models for Drug Development and Drug Resistance (2007) (2)
A rigorous approach to the diagnosis of synergy among combination therapies of immunosuppressive agents (2001) (2)
Derivatives of 1‐(2‐Deoxy‐2‐fluoro‐β‐D‐arabinofuranosyl)‐5‐ phenyluracil and ‐5‐benzyluracyl. Synthesis and Biological Properties. (1995) (2)
Design of Antineoplastic Agents on the Basis of the “2‐ Phenylnaphthalene‐Type” Structural Pattern. Part 1. Synthesis of Substituted 3‐Phenylquinazolones, Benzoxazolo(2,3‐b)quinazolones, and Benzothiazolo(2,3‐b)quinazolones. (1993) (2)
Effects of roniciclib in preclinical models of anaplastic thyroid cancer (2017) (2)
OCCURRENCE OF DEAMINATED MONOPHOSPHATE NUCLEOTIDE IN EXTRACELLULAR SITES AFTER GIVING ARABINOFURANOSYLCYTOSINE OR DEOXYCYTIDINE TO MICE * (1975) (2)
Efficacy and Biomarker Analysis of Adavosertib in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (2021) (1)
Abstract 5398: Drug combination synergy quantification in animals and clinics using computerized combination index method (2010) (1)
Synthesis and biological activity of AHMA-EDTA conjugates (2002) (1)
Total Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluations of 15(R) and 15(S) Aza-dEpoB: A Mitsunobu Inversion at C-15 in Pre-Epothilone Fragments. (2000) (1)
Epothilones: Microtubule Stabilizing Agents with Enhanced Activity Against Multidrug‐Resistant Cell Lines and Tumors (2001) (1)
Mass‐Action Law Based Pharmacodynamics General Theory, Equation, Algorithm, and Computer Simulation for Econo‐Green Biomedical R&D and for Quantitative/indexed Drug Evaluation Guidance (2020) (1)
Potent therapeutic effects of novel DNA-targeted alkylating agents, aniline N-mustards linked to DNA-affinic molecules against human tumor xenografts (2007) (1)
Abstract 3276: Computerized quantification of synergism or antagonism in anticancer drug combination with different mechanisms and/or modes of actions. (2013) (1)
Overview: DNA Topoisomerase Targeted Anticancer Agents: New Trends and Developments (1992) (1)
Iso-oxazole-Fludelone (KOS-1803) as a potent and efficacious microtubule-stablization epothilone against xenograft tumors. (2008) (1)
Therapeutic inhibition of polo‐like kinases in anaplastic thyroid cancer (2020) (1)
580 Combination of peptide antagnost monomers and dimers enhances killing of human lung cancer cells (1997) (1)
Abstract C166: Preclinical studies of Ureidomustin, a potent water-soluble anticancer agent. (2011) (1)
Insights into Long-Range Structural Effects on the Stereochemistry of Aldol Condensations: A Practical Total Synthesis of Desoxyepothilone F (I). (2001) (1)
7‐Silylcamptothecins (Silatecans): A New Family of Camptothecin Antitumor Agents. (1998) (1)
Potent DNA-directed alkylating agents. Synthesis and biological activity of phenyl N-mustard-quinoline conjugates having a urea or hydrazinecarboximide linker, synthesis and biological activity. (2010) (1)
Design of Antineoplastic Agents on the Basis of the “2‐ Phenylnaphthalene‐Type” Structural Pattern. Part 2. Synthesis and Biological Activity Studies of Benzo(b)naphtho(2,3‐d)furan‐6,11‐dione Derivatives. (2010) (1)
Biochemical effects of 2'fluoro-5-iodo-arabinosyl cytosine. A new pyrimidine nucleoside analog. Abstr. (1979) (1)
Abstract 5526: Mass-action law algorithm-based computer simulation for efficient and econo-green cancer drug discovery and development. (2013) (1)
The Interactivity of Complex Synthesis and Tumor Pharmacology in the Discovery Process: Total Synthesis and Comparative in vivo Evaluations of the 15-Aza Epothilones. (2001) (1)
Design of Antineoplastic Agents Based on the “2-Phenylnaphthalene-Type” Structural Pattern. Part 4. Synthesis and Biological Activity of 2-Chloro-3-(substituted phenoxy)-1,4-naphthoquinones and Related 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones. (1999) (1)
Development of an in Vitro Human Monocyte‐Derived Macrophage‐Based System for Drug Screening against HIV‐1 (1990) (1)
The Trend of the Efficient Econo-Green Bioresearch (2017) (1)
Cover Picture: On the Remarkable Antitumor Properties of Fludelone: How We Got There (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 19/2005) (2005) (1)
Biochemical effects of 2'-fluoro-5-methyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil and 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in mouse leukemic cells sensitive and resistant to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. (1982) (1)
Abstract CT155: General pharmacodynamics algorithm-based clinical protocol design with two to three dose-data points for single-drug, and ten data points for two-drug-combination synergy quantification, using computer simulation for digitalized data analysis and conclusions (2020) (0)
Oncolytic herpes simplex virus shows synergistic effects with rapamycin against triple-negative breast cancer (2013) (0)
Comparison of mass‐action law algorithm‐based pharmacodynamics with the conventional pharmacokinetic studies (2013) (0)
Metabolism and Eftects of 5-(fJ-D-Ribofuranosyl)isocytosinein P815 Cells (2006) (0)
2’-Fluoro-5-Iodo-l-β-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine [FIAC]: Synthesis and Mode of Anti-Herpesvirus Activity (1984) (0)
Abstract PO-062: Why drug and radiation combination synergism or antagonism can be quantitatively determined with the mass-action law based pharmacodynamics equation, algorithm and computer simulation (2021) (0)
1499 – DERIVATION OF MICHAELIS-MENTEN TYPE AND HILL TYPE EQUATIONS FOR REFERENCE LIGANDS (1977) (0)
762. Cisplatin-Induced DNA Damage Repair Mechanism Potentiates the Synergistic Efficacy of Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Viral Therapy in the Treatment of Malignant Mesothelioma (2005) (0)
Abstract 5510: Mass-action law based general pharmacodynamics theory and algorithm for quantitative computer simulation of drug-evaluations in cells, in animals and in clinical trials (2020) (0)
Biomedical R&D and Regulation Reform Campaign (2017) (0)
Computerized simulation and integration of biosystems based on the mass‐action law algorithms (2013) (0)
Nucleosides. Part 158. Fluorinated Sugar Analogues of Potential Anti- HIV-1 Nucleosides. (1991) (0)
Abstract 4554: Unified theoretical algorithms for graphics dynamic multiple transformations of dose-effect relationships with computer simulation (2017) (0)
Erratum: Preclinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of the anti- hepatitis virus agent 2'-fluoro-5-ethyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosyluracil in mice and rats (Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (1992) 36 (1476)) (1992) (0)
Synthesis of 4-((1,3-Diaminopyrrolo(3′,4′:4,5)pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-8- yl)benzoyl)-L-glutamic Acid as a Potential Antifolate. (1994) (0)
tor Regulation after Transfection into a Cell Line Deficient in the cAMP-Dependent (1989) (0)
Synthesis of epothilones, intermediates for analogs and their uses (2003) (0)
Erratum to: Convection enhanced delivery of carboplatin in combination with radiotherapy for the treatment of brain tumors (2011) (0)
The Total Synhesis of Dynemicin A Leading to Development of a Fully Contained Bioreductively Activated Enediyne Prodrug. (2010) (0)
Abstract 3527: Therapeutic cure against five human xenograft tumors and strongly suppressed drug-resistant and refractory xenograft tumors in nude mice by the third generation epothilone: Iso-oxazole fludelone (2011) (0)
Cyclopent(a)anthraquinones as DNA‐Intercalating Agents with Covalent Bond Formation Potential: Synthesis and Biological Activity. (1996) (0)
Nucleosides. Part 135. Synthesis of Some 9-(2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-9H-purines and Their Biological Activities. (1989) (0)
Abstract 1765: Potent antitumor BO-1922, derivative of indolizino[6,7-b]indole, against human colon, lung, and pancreatic cancers in xenograft model (2012) (0)
418 – A SIMPLE ALTERNATIVE TO THE LOGIT FUNCTION FOR USE IN DOSE-EFFECT ANALYSES AND IN RADIOIMMUNOASSAYS (1978) (0)
Thymidine Kinase Gene Therapies Cytochrome P450 2B1 and Ganciclovir/Herpes Simplex Virus Oncolytic Virus That Delivers the Oxazaphosphorine/Rat Multimodal Cancer Treatment Mediated by a Replicating (2013) (0)
Abstract #5565: The therapeutic effects against refractory and multiple drug resistant xenograft tumors by the third generation microtubule targeting epothilone: Iso-oxazole-fludelone (2009) (0)
Biophysical, Biochemical and Mathematical Doctrine of the Median: The Algorithms of the Unified Bio‐Dynamics Theory for Basic Biomedical R&D and Regulatory Guidance (2020) (0)
Stereoselective Syntheses and Evaluation of Compounds in the 8‐ Desmethylepothilone A Series: Some Surprising Observations Regarding Their Chemical and Biological Properties. (1997) (0)
Comparison of tissue distribution and fate of 2,2'-anhydro-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-fluorocytosine and 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-5-fluorocytosine in rats. (1977) (0)
Murine Models for Evaluating Antiretroviral Therapy 1 (2006) (0)
The Synthesis and Evaluation of 12,13-Benzodesoxyepothilone B: A Highly Convergent Route. (1999) (0)
New endiyn-quinone and process for their preparation and use (1995) (0)
The metabolism of pseudoisocytidine (pic) in p815 cells in vitro. Abstr. (1977) (0)
Pharmacological evaluation of iso-oxazole-dehydelone as a potent third generation microtubule stabilization epothilone antitumor agent (2006) (0)
524 Potent DNA alkylating agents against human prostate cancer in xenograft model (2010) (0)
Synthesis and Conformational Analysis of (E)‐9,10‐Dehydroepothilone B: A Suggestive Link Between the Chemistry and Biology of Epothilones. (2003) (0)
Abstract 3517: Complete remission of xenograft tumor in nude mice induced by N-mustard-quinoline conjugates bearing hydrazinecarboxamide linker (2010) (0)
Total Synthesis as a Resource in Drug Discovery: The First in vivo Evaluation of Panaxytriol (I) and Its Derivatives. (2006) (0)
ToxÂ ¡ city , Elimination , and Metabolism of 10-Ethyl-lO-deazaaminopterin in Rats and Dogs 1 (2006) (0)
Synergy of a Herpes OncolyticVirus and Paclitaxel for AnaplasticThyroid Cancer (2008) (0)
Synthesis of epothilones, intermediates thereof, analogs and their use (2003) (0)
Abstract 2534: Novel and stable water-soluble N-mustards with potent therapeutic efficacy against human tumor xenografts in nude mice (2011) (0)
Abstract 3521: Alleviation of cancer chemotherapeutic agent-induced toxicity by the synthetic panaxytriol analogues of Panax Ginseng (2011) (0)
Heat shock protein 72 mediates the synergistic anti‐cancer activity of hyperthermia and oncolytic herpes simplex viral therapy (2006) (0)
Thymidineas a Kineticand BiochemicalModulatorof 1-ÃŸ-D-Arabinofuranosy Icytosine in Human Acute NonlymphocyticLeukemia1 (1984) (0)

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What Schools Are Affiliated With Ting‐chao Chou?

Ting‐chao Chou is affiliated with the following schools:

Massachusetts General Hospital