William M. Gray | Academic Influence

William M. Gray's AcademicInfluence.com Rankings

William M. Gray

Earth Sciences

#84

World Rank

#208

Historical Rank

#38

USA Rank

Meteorology

#11

World Rank

#28

Historical Rank

#8

USA Rank

earth-sciences Degrees

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Earth Sciences

William M. Gray's Degrees

PhD Atmospheric Science University of Chicago
Masters Meteorology Purdue University
Bachelors Mathematics George Washington University

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Why Is William M. Gray Influential?

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According to Wikipedia, William "Bill" Mason Gray was emeritus professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University , and the head of the Tropical Meteorology Project at CSU's Department of Atmospheric Sciences. He is widely regarded as a pioneer in the science of tropical cyclone forecasting and one of the world's leading experts on tropical storms. After retiring as a faculty member at CSU in 2005, Gray remained actively involved in both climate change and tropical cyclone research until his death.

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William M. Gray's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

GLOBAL VIEW OF THE ORIGIN OF TROPICAL DISTURBANCES AND STORMS (1968) (1775)
The Recent Increase in Atlantic Hurricane Activity: Causes and Implications (2001) (1410)
Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Frequency. Part I: El Niño and 30 mb Quasi-Biennial Oscillation Influences (1984) (781)
Diurnal Variation of Deep Cumulus Convection (1977) (554)
Tropical Cyclones and Global Climate Change: A Post-IPCC Assessment (1998) (471)
Tropical Cyclone Movement and Surrounding Flow Relationships (1982) (327)
Tropical cyclone genesis (1975) (319)
The Strong Association between Western Sahelian Monsoon Rainfall and Intense Atlantic Hurricanes (1992) (247)
Predicting Atlantic Basin Seasonal Tropical Cyclone Activity by 1 August (1993) (237)
Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Frequency. Part II: Forecasting its Variability (1984) (228)
The Hurricane’s Inner Core Region. I. Symmetric and Asymmetric Structure (1973) (221)
Strong Association Between West African Rainfall and U.S. Landfall of Intense Hurricanes (1990) (212)
Predicting Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Activity 6–11 Months in Advance (1992) (204)
Atlantic seasonal hurricane frequency (2007) (200)
Downward trends in the frequency of intense at Atlantic Hurricanes during the past five decades (1996) (192)
Typhoon Structure as Revealed by Aircraft Reconnaissance. Part I: Data Analysis and Climatology (1988) (191)
The formation of tropical cyclones (1998) (174)
Typhoon Structure as Revealed by Aircraft Reconnaissance. Part II: Structural Variability (1988) (173)
Global climate change and tropical cyclones (1994) (162)
The Hurricane’s Inner Core Region. II. Thermal Stability and Dynamic Characteristics (1973) (148)
Climate Trends Associated with Multidecadal Variability of Atlantic Hurricane Activity (1997) (146)
The Extremely Active 1995 Atlantic Hurricane Season: Environmental Conditions and Verification of Seasonal Forecasts (1998) (138)
Tropical Cyclone Motion and Surrounding Parameter Relationships (1976) (133)
Buoyancy of Convective Vertical Motions in the Inner Core of Intense Hurricanes. Part II: Case Studies (2005) (121)
Hurricane-Spawned Tornadoes (1974) (117)
Influence of the stratospheric QBO on ENSO variability (1992) (111)
Multidecadal Variability in North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity (2008) (110)
Tropical cyclone genesis in the Western North Pacific (1977) (83)
Hypothesized mechanism for stratospheric QBO influence on ENSO variability (1992) (82)
Relative Humidity in Tropical Weather Systems (1975) (79)
Variability of the Outer Wind Profiles of Western North Pacific Typhoons: Classifications and Techniques for Analysis and Forecasting (2002) (71)
Updated 6–11-Month Prediction of Atlantic Basin Seasonal Hurricane Activity (2004) (69)
Estimating tropical cyclone central pressure and outer winds from satellite microwave data (1978) (67)
Long-term variations of Western Sahelian monsoon rainfall and intense U.S. landfalling hurricanes (1992) (65)
Cumulus Convection and Larger Scale Circulations I. Broadscale and Mesoscale Considerations (1973) (64)
Buoyancy of Convective Vertical Motions in the Inner Core of Intense Hurricanes. Part I: General Statistics (2005) (63)
Statistical analysis of satellite‐observed trade wind cloud clusters in the western North Pacific (1973) (63)
African Rainfall as a Precursor of Hurricane-Related Destruction on the U.S. East Coast (1992) (54)
Seasonal forecasting of Atlantic hurricane activity (1994) (54)
EXTENDED RANGE FORECAST OF ATLANTIC SEASONAL HURRICANE ACTIVITY AND LANDFALL STRIKE PROBABILITY FOR 2010 (2008) (53)
Tropical Cyclone Observation and Forecasting with and without Aircraft Reconnaissance (1993) (50)
An Observational Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Recurvature (1993) (49)
Twenty‐five years of Atlantic basin seasonal hurricane forecasts (1984–2008) (2009) (49)
Mass divergence in tropical weather systems Paper I: Diurnal variation (1980) (48)
Forecasting September Atlantic Basin Tropical Cyclone Activity (2003) (43)
Some Large-Scale Characteristics Associated with Tropical Cyclone Development in the North Indian Ocean during FGGE (1989) (41)
The Abundance of O ++ in the Jovian Magnetosphere (Paper 92GL00070) 79 (1992) (41)
Flight-Level Thermodynamic Instrument Wetting Errors in Hurricanes. Part I: Observations (2002) (38)
Artificial Skill and Validation in Meteorological Forecasting (1996) (38)
Active Atlantic hurricane era at its end (2015) (37)
Flight-Level Thermodynamic Instrument Wetting Errors in Hurricanes. Part II: Implications (2001) (34)
Tropical Cyclone Recurvature and Nonrecurvature as Related to Surrounding Wind-Height Fields (1977) (32)
Global view of the upper level outflow patterns associated with tropical cyclone intensity changes during FGGE (1985) (32)
THE MUTUAL VARIATION OF WIND, SHEAR, AND BAROCLINICITY IN THE CUMULUS CONVECTIVE ATMOSPHERE OF THE HURRICANE (1967) (32)
Tropical cyclone outer surface winds derived from satellite microwave sounder data (1980) (30)
Assessment of the Role of Aircraft Reconnaissance on Tropical Cyclone Analysis and Forecasting (1991) (29)
Prediction of August Atlantic Basin Hurricane Activity (2004) (28)
Analysis of satellite-observed tropical cloud clusters. I. Wind and dynamic fields (1976) (28)
Analysis of satellite-observed tropical cloud clusters II. Thermal, moisture and precipitation (1976) (27)
Calculations of Cumulus Vertical Draft Velocities in Hurricanes from Aircraft Observations (1965) (26)
Diurnal Variation in the Troposphere's Energy Balance (1979) (26)
Tropical Cyclone Genesis and Intensification (1982) (25)
Global warming and hurricanes (2006) (25)
Radius and Frequency of 15 m s−1 (30 kt) Winds around Tropical Cyclones (1980) (23)
Forecasting Tropical Cyclone Turning Motion from Surrounding Wind and Temperature Fields (1980) (23)
Understanding and Forecasting Tropical Cyclone Intensity Change. (1996) (23)
Weather Modification by Carbon Dust Absorption of Solar Energy. (1976) (23)
A Probabilistic Approach to Shale Gas Economics (2007) (21)
CAUSES OF THE UNUSUALLY DESTRUCTIVE 2004 ATLANTIC BASIN HURRICANE SEASON (2006) (20)
Comments on “Gradient Balance in Tropical Cyclones” (1991) (19)
Mass divergence in tropical weather systems Paper II: Large-scale controls on convection (1980) (18)
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Determination Through Upper-Tropospheric Aircraft Reconnaissance (1979) (16)
On the balance of forces and radial accelerations in hurricanes (1962) (15)
A Single-Sample Estimate of Shrinkage in Meteorological Forecasting (1997) (15)
FORECAST OF ATLANTIC SEASONAL HURRICANE ACTIVITY AND LANDFALL STRIKE PROBABILITY FOR 2009 (2009) (11)
Tropical Cyclone Origin, Movement, and Intensity Characteristics Based on Data Compositing Techniques. (1979) (11)
On the Scales of Motion and Internal Stress Characteristics of the Hurricane (1966) (9)
Tropical cyclones in the Australian/Southwest Pacific region (2007) (9)
Tropical Cyclone Research By Data Compositing. (1977) (9)
Diagnostic Study of the Planetary Boundary Layer over the Oceans (1972) (7)
Environmental circulations associated with tropical cyclones experiencing fast, slow and looping motion (2007) (7)
Analysis of satellite-observed tropical cloud clusters (2007) (7)
Climate Change: Driven by the Ocean not Human Activity (2009) (7)
Tropical cyclone intensity change. A quantitative forecasting scheme (1981) (6)
Structure and dynamics of the hurricane's inner core region, The (2007) (6)
SUMMARY OF 2009 ATLANTIC TROPICAL CYCLONE ACTIVITY AND VERIFICATION OF AUTHOR'S SEASONAL AND 15-DAY FORECASTS (2009) (6)
A Climatology of Tropical Cyclones and Disturbances of the Western Pacific with a Suggested Theory for Their Genesis/Maintenance. (1970) (6)
Influence of Synoptic Track Aircraft Reconnaissance on JTWC Tropical Cyclone Track Forecast Errors (1990) (6)
Feasibility of beneficial hurricane modification by carbon dust seeding (2007) (5)
On the latent heat release in a cyclone crossing the Rocky Mountains (2007) (4)
Cumulus convection and larger-scale circulations (2007) (4)
Reply [to “Comment on ‘Downward trends in the frequency of intense Atlantic hurricanes during the past 5 decades‧ by C. W. Landsea et al.”] (1997) (4)
Characteristics of North Indian Ocean Tropical Cyclone Activity (1984) (3)
EXTENDED RANGE FORECAST OF ATLANTIC SEASONAL HURRICANE ACTIVITY, INDIVIDUAL MONTHLY ACTIVITY AND U.S. LANDFALL STRIKE PROBABILITY FOR 2006 (2006) (3)
Day-to-day variations in operating theatre pollution: implications for a routine monitoring strategy. (1984) (3)
SUMMARY OF FUNNEL CLOUD OCCURRENCES AND COMPARISON WITH TORNADOES (1971) (3)
Tropical Cyclone Propagation. (1991) (3)
Diurnal variation of oceanic deep cumulus convection (2007) (3)
New Results of Tropical Cyclone Research from Observational Analysis (1978) (3)
Data summary of NOAA's hurricane inner-core radial leg flight penetrations 1957-1967, and 1969 (2007) (2)
Fundamental Importance of Convective Downdrafts and Mass Recycling Within the Tropical Cloud Cluster and the Typhoon-Hurricane (2012) (2)
Varying Structure and Intensity Change Characteristics of Four Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclones. (1984) (1)
On the Transverse Circulation of the Hurricane (2003) (1)
Variability of radiatively forced diurnal cycle of intense convection in the tropical west pacific (1996) (1)
Characteristics of carbon black dust as a large-scale tropospheric heat source (2007) (1)
Chapter 9 – Have Increases in CO2 Contributed to the Recent Large Upswing in Atlantic Basin Major Hurricanes Since 1995? (2011) (1)
The association of outgoing radiation with variations of precipitation – implications for global warming (2010) (1)
Study of tornado proximity data and an observationally derived model of tornado genesis, A (2007) (1)
Workshop on Drought Forecasting for Northeast Brazil (1980) (1)
Cumulus Momentum Transports in Tropical Cyclones (2009) (1)
Summary on the WMO-sponsored international workshop on tropical cyclones (1986) (1)
Falcon Corridor: Infrastructure with Future Marginal Fields in Mind (2004) (1)
Further Analysis of Tropical Cyclone Characteristics from Rawinsonde Compositing Techniques. (1981) (1)
NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE Multidecadal Variability in North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity (2008) (0)
Recent Colorado State University Tropical Cyclone Research of Interest to Forecasters (1987) (0)
Diurnal variation of the tropospheric energy balance (2007) (0)
Hurricane detection, tracking, and forecasting; statement of the AMS. (1986) (0)
On the Fundamental Role of Day Versus Night Radiation Differences in Forcing Nocturnal Convective Maxima and in Assessing Global Warming Prospects (1997) (0)
Observational and Theoretical Analyses of Physical Processes Influencing Tropical Cyclone Motion (1994) (0)
Global scale climate trends associated with variable Atlantic thermohaline transport as inferred from changes in intense hurricane activity (1996) (0)
Monitoring Reservoir Performance in Highly Prolific Deepwater GOM Gas Wells (2010) (0)
Thirty Years of Making Atlantic Seasonal Hurricane Forecasts - Lessons Learned, Certitudes Abandoned (2014) (0)
On the Fundamental Role of Tropospheric Radiative Cooling on the Diurnal Cycle of Intense Tropical Convection (0)
A hypervelocity launcher for simulated large fragment space debris impacts at 10 km/s (1989) (0)
Analysis of cross-hemispheric influences on the monsoon trough and tropical cyclone genesis during FGGE and diurnal subsidence differences (1985) (0)
Risk analysis applied to flameproofing of diesel exhaust systems preliminary phase (1975) (0)
The role of salinity as the primary driver for the Atlantic Ocean's multi-decadal parameter variations (2008) (0)
Chapter 11 On the Transverse Circulation of the Hurricane (2003) (0)
FORECAST OF ATLANTIC HURRICANE ACTIVITY FOR SEPTEMBER AND OCTOBER 2007 AND SEASONAL UPDATE THROUGH AUGUST (2007) (0)
Falcon Corridor's infrastructure designed with future small fields in mind : Offshore report (2004) (0)
The Errors of Chicken Little Thinking: It Is Highly Unlikely That a Doubling of Human-Caused Greenhouse Gases Will Cause Significant Changes in Global Temperatures (2002) (0)
Effects of Diurnal Variations of Outgoing Longwave Radiation Over the Tropical Oceans (1999) (0)

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