#2851
Johann Joachim Winckelmann
1717 - 1768 (51 years)
Johann Joachim Winckelmann was a German art historian and archaeologist. He was a pioneering Hellenist who first articulated the differences between Greek, Greco-Roman and Roman art. "The prophet and founding hero of modern archaeology", Winckelmann was one of the founders of scientific archaeology and first applied the categories of style on a large, systematic basis to the history of art. Many consider him the father of the discipline of art history. He was one of the first to separate Greek Art into periods, and time classifications.
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Charles E. Snow
1910 - 1967 (57 years)
Charles Ernest Snow was an American anthropologist. Career Born in Boulder, Colorado, Snow attended the University of Colorado and Harvard University. He assisted in a Bureau of Home Economics study examining growth patterns in young children. He then worked on an archaeological project with the Tennessee Valley Authority under William Snyder Webb; after the beginning of the Second World War ended the project, Webb hired Snow at the University of Kentucky Museum, and later in the anthropology and anatomy departments. The two co-wrote The Adena People, "one of the major publications one eastern United States archaeology" at the time.
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Francisc Rainer
1874 - 1944 (70 years)
Francisc Iosif Rainer was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian pathologist, physiologist and anthropologist. From an immigrant family, he earned early recognition for his experimental work in anatomy, and helped reform Romanian medical science. He spent much of his youth training himself in anatomical pathology and the various areas of natural science, gaining direct experience as a microbiologist, surgeon, and military physician. With teaching positions at the University of Iași and the University of Bucharest, where he established specialized sections, Rainer became a noted promoter of science and an innovator in his field.
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T. T. Waterman
1885 - 1936 (51 years)
Thomas Talbot Waterman was an American anthropologist. Early life Waterman was born in Hamilton, Missouri, and raised in Fresno, California. Education Waterman matriculated University of California, Berkeley in Hebrew, later at Columbia University, New York completed a Ph.D. in Anthropology.
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Roger Bastide
1898 - 1974 (76 years)
Roger Bastide was a French sociologist and anthropologist, specialist in sociology and Brazilian literature. He was raised as a Protestant and studied philosophy in France, developing at the same time an interest for sociological issues. His first sociological field research, in 1930–31, was about immigrants from Armenia to Valence, France. As scholars later noticed, already in his first works about the Armenians he was interested in how the memory of a different culture survives when a group of people moves to a faraway land, a theme that will become crucial in his studies of African populat...
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Erik Sjöqvist
1903 - 1975 (72 years)
Erik Sjöqvist was a Swedish archaeologist and educator. Sjöqvist conducted archaeological fieldwork in Cyprus while participating in Swedish Cyprus Expedition. He was director of Swedish Institute at Rome and professor of classical archaeology at Princeton University. He is most commonly associated with development of the excavations of the archaeological sites at Morgantina in Sicily.
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Henry Morselli
1852 - 1929 (77 years)
Enrico "Henry" Agostino Morselli was an Italian physician and psychical researcher. Morselli was professor at the University of Turin. He is best known for the publication of his influential book, Suicide: An Essay on Comparative Moral Statistics claiming that suicide was primarily the result of the struggle for life and nature's evolutionary process.
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Reginald Campbell Thompson
1876 - 1941 (65 years)
Reginald Campbell Thompson was a British archaeologist, assyriologist, and cuneiformist. He excavated at Nineveh, Ur, Nebo and Carchemish among many other sites. Biography Thompson was born in Kensington, and educated at Colet Court, St Paul's School and Caius College, Cambridge, where he read oriental languages.
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August Kalkmann
1853 - 1905 (52 years)
August Kalkmann was a German classical archaeologist and art historian. He studied under Franz Bücheler, Hermann Usener and Reinhard Kekulé von Stradonitz at the University of Bonn, receiving his doctorate in 1881 with a dissertation on Euripides' Hippolytus. In 1885 he qualified as a lecturer, and in 1900 became an associate professor at the University of Berlin.
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Anatole von Hügel
1854 - 1928 (74 years)
Anatole von Hügel was the second son of the Austrian nobleman. Early life Born into the German noble House of Hügel, he was the son of Baron Charles von Hügel and his Scottish wife Elizabeth Farquharson. His elder brother was Friedrich von Hügel and his sister was Pauline von Hügel.
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Konstantine Hovhannisyan
1911 - 1984 (73 years)
Konstantine Hovhannisyan was an Armenian professor, architect and archaeologist. He was the head of an excavation team that was responsible for the excavations of the ancient Urartian city of Erebuni .
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George Stephens
1813 - 1895 (82 years)
George Stephens was an English archeologist and philologist, who worked in Scandinavia, especially on interpreting runic inscriptions. Born at Liverpool, Stephens studied at University College London. In 1834, he married Mary Bennett and moved to Sweden, studying Scandinavian medieval literature and folklore. His collection of fairy tales together with Gunnar Olof Hyltén-Cavallius was often reprinted. Stephens moved to Denmark, became a lecturer in English at Copenhagen University in 1851, and a professor in 1855. He published regularly in The Gentleman's Magazine. In 1860, he published the first edition of the Waldere fragments.
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Thomas J. Preston Jr.
1862 - 1955 (93 years)
Thomas Jex Preston Jr. was an American archeology professor and academic administrator. Early life Preston was born on October 26, 1862, in Hastings on Hudson, New York. He graduated from Princeton University, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa and earned a bachelor's degree followed by a master's degree and a PhD. He also studied abroad at the Sorbonne University for two years, and at the University of Rome.
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Hilda Petrie
1871 - 1956 (85 years)
Hilda Mary Isabel, Lady Petrie , was an Irish-born British Egyptologist and wife of Sir Flinders Petrie, the father of scientific archaeology. Having studied geology, she was hired by Flinders Petrie at age 25 as an artist, which led to their marriage and a working partnership that endured for their lifetimes.
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William Greenwell
1820 - 1918 (98 years)
William Greenwell, was an English archaeologist and Church of England priest. Early life William Greenwell was born 23 March 1820 at the estate known as Greenwell Ford near Lanchester, County Durham, England. He was the eldest son of William Thomas Greenwell and Dorothy Smales. He had three brothers Francis, Alan , and Henry, and a sister Dorothy who published poetry under the name Dora Greenwell.
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Gyula Mészáros
1883 - 1957 (74 years)
Gyula Mészáros was a Hungarian ethnographer, Orientalist and Turkologist. Later in his career he became involved in a money counterfeiting scheme. Money counterfeiting In 1921, a group of Hungarian nationalists led by Mészáros set up a press in the town of Metzelsdorf outside Graz, Austria. The group managed to produce and put into circulation 60,000 500-Czechoslovak koruna banknotes, with the intent of damaging the Czechoslovak economy. Most of the forgers were arrested in July 1921, by that time the Czechoslovak government was forced to pull the entire sokol note series out of circulation, undermining the credibility of its currency reforms.
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Andrew Smith
1797 - 1872 (75 years)
Sir Andrew Smith was a British surgeon, explorer, ethnologist and zoologist. He is considered the father of zoology in South Africa having described many species across a wide range of groups in his major work, Illustrations of the Zoology of South Africa.
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Ilmari Manninen
1894 - 1933 (39 years)
Ilmari Justus Andreus Manninen was a Finnish professor, writer and ethnographer. He led the Estonian National Museum when it opened at Raadi Manor. Life Manninen was born in Viipuri in 1894. in 1919 Tartu University was allowed to become a university that taught all its lessons in the Estonian language. This was a new venture and the ambition was limited by the number of Estonian speaking lecturers. To fill the gap a number of foreigners were invited, including Manninen, to assist.
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David Webster
1945 - 1989 (44 years)
David Webster was an academic and anti-apartheid activist. He worked as an anthropologist at the University of the Witwatersrand, where he was a senior lecturer at the time of his assassination. Webster was a founding member of the Detainees' Parents' Support Committee in 1981, a founder member of the Five Freedoms Forum, and a committed comrade in the United Democratic Front. Webster was also an active member of the Orlando Pirates supporters' club and he assisted in the mobilisation and organisation of South African musicians during the Struggle in the 1980s.
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Karl Friederichs
1831 - 1871 (40 years)
Karl Friederichs was a German classical philologist and archaeologist. He studied philology at the universities of Göttingen and Erlangen, where he was influenced by Carl Friedrich Nagelsbach. In 1853 he obtained his PhD with a dissertation on the Greek chorus in the works of Euripides and Sophocles, Chorus Euripideus comparatus cum Sophocleo. In 1858 he became an associate professor of archeology at the University of Berlin.
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Bernhard Eduardovich Petri
1884 - 1937 (53 years)
Bernhard Eduardovich Petri was a Russian anthropologist and archaeologist. Petri organized archeology and ethnographic expeditions to Lake Baikal, while employed by the Kunstkamera during the 1910s.
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Miloje Vasić
1869 - 1956 (87 years)
Miloje Vasić was a Serbian archaeologist, regarded as one of the most distinguished representatives of the humanistic studies in Serbia. Professor at the University of Belgrade and member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, he was the first educated Serbian archaeologist, and is considered as the founder of the modern archaeology in Serbia. Also known for his widely eclectic interests outside of archaeology, his most significant accomplishment was discovery of the Neolithic site of Vinča culture in 1905 and subsequent excavation, which began in 1908.
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Edwin R. Thiele
1895 - 1986 (91 years)
Edwin Richard Thiele was an American Seventh-day Adventist missionary in China, editor, archaeologist, writer, and scholar of the Old Testament. He is best known for his chronological studies of the kingdoms of Judah and Israel.
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Jovan Erdeljanović
1874 - 1944 (70 years)
Jovan Erdeljanović was a Serbian and Yugoslav ethnologist. Biography Jovan Erdeljanović was born in Pančevo, Austria-Hungary. He studied at the universities of Vienna, Berlin, Leipzig and Prague. In 1905 he obtained his doctorate as Doctor of Philosophy at Charles University in Prague. In 1906, Erdeljanović began working at the University of Belgrade, elected Professor at Department of Ethnology of the philosophical Faculty since 1922. He remained at the University until 1941 and was member of Serbian Academy of Sciences.
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Osman Aqçoqraqlı
1879 - 1938 (59 years)
Osman Nuri-Asan oğlu Aqçoqraqlı , also written as Aqchoqraqli or Akchokrakli, was a Crimean Tatar writer, journalist, historian, archaeologist, ethnographer, and teacher. Early life Osman Nuri-Asan oğlu Aqçoqraqlı was born in the city of Bakhchysarai into the family of an Arabic script calligrapher on 15 January 1879. He received his primary education at the Zincirli Madrasa, before later studying at the Daoud Pasha gymnasium in Istanbul from 1894 to 1896. In 1908, he moved to Cairo and began taking private lessons on eastern history, Arabic literature, and archaeology from Al-Azhar University.
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Richard Bentley
1662 - 1742 (80 years)
Richard Bentley FRS was an English classical scholar, critic, and theologian. Considered the "founder of historical philology", Bentley is widely credited with establishing the English school of Hellenism. In 1892, A. E. Housman called Bentley "the greatest scholar that England or perhaps that Europe ever bred".
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David George Hogarth
1862 - 1927 (65 years)
David George Hogarth , also known as D. G. Hogarth, was a British archaeologist and scholar associated with T. E. Lawrence and Arthur Evans. He was Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford from 1909 to 1927.
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Ida Halpern
1910 - 1987 (77 years)
Ida Halpern was a Canadian ethnomusicologist. Halpern was born in Vienna, Austria. She arrived in Canada in order to flee Nazism in her native country, becoming a Canadian citizen in 1944. She worked among Native Americans of coastal British Columbia during the mid-20th century, collecting, recording, and transcribing their music and documenting its use in their cultures. Many of these recordings were released as LPss, with extensive liner notes and transcriptions. More recently, her collection has also been released digitally.
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Ludwig Borchardt
1863 - 1938 (75 years)
Ludwig Borchardt was a German Egyptologist. He is best known for finding a famous bust of Nefertiti at Amarna. Life Born in Berlin in 1863 into a well-established Jewish family, Borchardt was the second-oldest of six children of the merchant Hermann Borchardt and Bertha, née Levin . Also known as Herbert, Borchardt initially studied Architecture and later Egyptology under Adolf Erman. In 1895 he journeyed to Cairo and produced, with Gaston Maspero, the Catalogue of the Egyptian Museum .
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John R. Napier
1917 - 1987 (70 years)
John Russell Napier, MRCS, LRCP, D.Sc. was a British primatologist, paleoanthropologist, and physician, who is notable for his work with Homo habilis and OH 7, as well as on human and primate hands/feet. During his life he was widely considered a leading authority on primate taxonomy, but is perhaps most famous to the general public for his research on Bigfoot.
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Gerhard Fischer
1890 - 1977 (87 years)
Gerhard Fischer was a Norwegian architect and archaeologist. Biography Johan Adolf Gerhard Fischer was born in Bergen, Norway. He was the son of architect Adolph Fischer and Dorothea Margaretha Elisabeth Wilcken . Fischer studied at the Bergen Technical School , the Norwegian National Academy of Craft and Art Industry in Oslo and the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen.
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Gertrude Bell
1868 - 1926 (58 years)
Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE was an English writer, traveller, political officer, administrator, and archaeologist. She spent much of her life exploring and mapping the Middle East, and became highly influential to British imperial policy-making as an Arabist due to her knowledge and contacts built up through extensive travels. During her lifetime, she was highly esteemed and trusted by British officials such as High Commissioner for Mesopotamia Percy Cox, giving her great influence. She participated in both the 1919 Paris Peace Conference and the 1921 Cairo Conference, which help...
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Isabel Kelly
1906 - 1982 (76 years)
Isabel Truesdell Kelly was an American anthropologist known for her work with the members of the Coast Miwok tribe, members of the Chemehuevi people in the 1920s and 1930s, and her work later in life as an archaeologist working in Sinaloa, Mexico. She was trained by anthropologist Alfred L. Kroeber at the University of California, Berkeley.
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Heinrich Brunn
1822 - 1894 (72 years)
Heinrich Brunn, since 1882 Ritter von Brunn was a German archaeologist. He was known for taking a scientific approach in his investigations of classical Greek and Roman art, being credited with introducing the method of determining the date and source of sculptural fragments by way of thorough analysis of the account of anatomic detail.
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August Pauly
1796 - 1845 (49 years)
August Friedrich von Pauly was a German educator and classical philologist. From 1813 to 1818 he studied at the University of Tübingen, then furthered his education at Heidelberg as a student of Georg Friedrich Creuzer. Beginning in 1822, he served as rector of the Latin school in Biberach, followed by work as a gymnasium professor in Heilbronn . From 1830 until his death in 1845, he was an educator at the gymnasium in Stuttgart.
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Sophus Ruge
1831 - 1903 (72 years)
Sophus Ruge was a German geographer and historian, he studied about European discoveries and written works about Portuguese discoveries. His studies was a different vision on one traditionally followed in Portugal, he had translated a large part from Portuguese and had been influential in the development of Portuguese historiography.
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John Leland Champe
1895 - 1978 (83 years)
John Leland Champe was an academic and archaeologist especially influential in the area of Great Plains archaeology. Champe was born in 1895 in Elwood, Nebraska. In 1921, he earned a BA from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in mathematics. In 1924, he married Flavia Waters. Before moving to New York to enter the Ph.D. program in anthropology at Columbia University in 1938, Champe had been vice president and a claims adjustor at a Nebraska insurance company. While at Columbia, he studied under William Duncan Strong.
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Eduards Volters
1856 - 1941 (85 years)
Eduards Volters was a linguist, ethnographer, archaeologist who studied the Baltic languages and culture. He was a long-time professor at the Saint Petersburg University and Vytautas Magnus University .
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Ernest Arthur Gardner
1862 - 1939 (77 years)
Ernest Arthur Gardner was an English archaeologist. He was the director of the British School at Athens between 1887 and 1895. Early life Gardner was born in Clapton, London, England on 16 March 1862 to Thomas Gardner and Ann Pearse. He was educated at the City of London School, a boys' private day school located in the City of London. He entered Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge in 1880. He read for a Bachelor of Arts in Classics and graduated with a double first in 1884.
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Kenneth Murray
1903 - 1972 (69 years)
Kenneth Crosswaithe Murray better known as K.C. Murray was an English art curator and teacher. The second son of the chess historian H. J. R. Murray and his suffragette wife Kate Crosthwaite, Murray was an elder brother of educationalist and biographer Elisabeth Murray, and a grandson of Sir James Murray, editor of the Oxford English Dictionary.
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Tihomir Đorđević
1868 - 1944 (76 years)
Tihomir Đorđević was a Serbian ethnologist, folklorist, cultural historian and professor at the University of Belgrade. Biography He received his B.A. in History and Philology at the Grandes écoles in Belgrade. He pursued his post-graduate studies in Vienna and Munich, where he received his doctorate in 1902. Among the Munich alumnae were Miloje Vasić, Veselin Čajkanović and Dragutin Anastasijević, his contemporaries.
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Alexander Conze
1831 - 1914 (83 years)
Alexander Christian Leopold Conze was a German archaeologist, who specialized in ancient Greek art. He was a native of Hanover, and studied at the universities of Göttingen and Berlin. In 1855 he obtained his doctorate at Berlin as a student of Eduard Gerhard. In 1863 he became an associate professor at the University of Halle, and from 1869 to 1877, he served as a professor of archaeology at the University of Vienna. In the 1870s, he performed two archaeological explorations at Samothrace . In 1876, with Otto Hirschfeld, he organized the Archaeologic-Epigraphic Seminar at the university. In...
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Lev Oshanin
1884 - 1962 (78 years)
Lev Vasilievich Oshanin was a Soviet professor, medical doctor, anthropologist, and founder of the department of anthropology at National University of Uzbekistan in Tashkent. Oshanin was most notable for his anthropological work in Central Asia.
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Gustav Riek
1900 - 1976 (76 years)
Johannes Gustav Riek was a German archaeologist from the University of Tübingen who worked with the SS Ahnenerbe in their excavations, and led the teams that excavated the Vogelherd Cave in 1931, the Heuneburg Tumulus burial mounds in 1937 and the Brillenhöhle 1955–63.
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Carl Watzinger
1877 - 1948 (71 years)
Carl Watzinger was a German archaeologist, who with Ernst Sellin, worked on uncovering the site of the ancient city of Jericho , and earlier, with Heinrich Kohl , conducted excavations at Capernaum .
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Józef Kostrzewski
1885 - 1969 (84 years)
Józef Kostrzewski was a Polish archaeologist. Kostrzewski was born in Węglewo . He studied first in Kraków, then from 1910 onwards with Gustaf Kossinna at Berlin and graduated in 1914. Back in Poland, he was to turn Kossinna's settlement-archaeological method against its creator and to try to prove a Slavonic autochthonism in Poland from at least the Bronze Age onwards.
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R. A. Stewart Macalister
1870 - 1950 (80 years)
Robert Alexander Stewart Macalister was an Irish archaeologist. Biography Macalister was born in Dublin, Ireland, the son of Alexander Macalister, then Professor of Zoology, University of Dublin. His father was appointed professor of anatomy at Cambridge University in 1883, and he was educated at The Perse School, and then studied at Cambridge University.
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