The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
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List of the most influential people in Anthropology,
#3101
Dmitry Samokvasov
1843 - 1911 (68 years)
Dmitry Yakovlevich Samokvasov was a Russian archaeologist and legal historian who excavated the Black Grave in Chernigov and several other sites important for the history of Kievan Rus. He graduated from the St. Petersburg University in 1868 and worked in the Warsaw University, administering its law faculty and becoming its dean in 1891. Three years later, he moved to the Moscow University. He was instrumental in establishing the Moscow Archaeological Institute . His last years were spent sorting out historical archives in Moscow. In 1891, Samokvasov donated his sizable collection of archaeological artifacts to the State Historical Museum.
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James Verne Dusenberry
1906 - 1966 (60 years)
James Verne Dusenberry was a well educated and publicly acclaimed scholar. He is best known for his writings on and the relationships he built with many of the various Montana tribes throughout his lifetime.
Go to Profile#3103
George Ricker Berry
1865 - 1945 (80 years)
George Ricker Berry, D.D., Ph.D., was an internationally known Semitic scholar and archaeologist, and Professor Emeritus of Colgate-Rochester Divinity School. The Interlinear Greek-English New Testament , of which American editions are generally published with Berry's Lexicon and New Testament Synonyms, is a widely used Bible study aid.
Go to Profile#3104
Adolf Schulten
1870 - 1960 (90 years)
Adolf Schulten was a German historian and archaeologist. Schulten was born in Elberfeld, Rhine Province, and received a doctorate in geology from the University of Bonn in 1892. He studied in Italy, Africa and Greece with support from the Institute of Archaeology. After obtaining the chair of ancient history at the University of Erlangen, he continued his work in Spain with great dedication and to this day is considered a key influence upon archaeological study in Spain.
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Robert Carr Bosanquet
1871 - 1935 (64 years)
Robert Carr Bosanquet was a British archaeologist, who excavated in the Aegean and in Britain. He was the first Professor of Classical Archaeology at the University of Liverpool, teaching there from 1906 to 1920. He was particularly significant to the archaeology of Wales, excavating at the Roman sites of Caerleon and Caersws and founding the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales, which played an influential role in the direction of twentieth-century archaeology in the country.
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Edmond Pottier
1855 - 1934 (79 years)
Edmond François Paul Pottier was an art historian and archaeologist who was instrumental in establishing the Corpus vasorum antiquorum. He was a pioneering scholar in the study of Ancient Greek pottery.
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Frederic G. Kenyon
1863 - 1952 (89 years)
Sir Frederic George Kenyon was an English palaeographer and biblical and classical scholar. He held a series of posts at the British Museum from 1889 to 1931. He was also the president of the British Academy from 1917 to 1921. From 1918 to 1952 he was Gentleman Usher of the Purple Rod.
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Robert Thomas Aitken
1890 - 1977 (87 years)
Robert Thomas Aitken was an American anthropologist known for his work in Oceania while at the Bishop Museum in Hawaiʻi. Biography Born in Livermore, California, in 1890, Aitken was raised and educated with his sister and two brothers atop Mt. Hamilton, where his father was an astronomer at the Lick Observatory. He married Gladys Page Baker in 1915, and had two sons, Robert Baker Aitken and Malcolm Darroch Aitken.
Go to Profile#3109
John Evans
1823 - 1908 (85 years)
Sir John Evans was an English archaeologist and geologist. Biography John Evans, son of the Rev. A. B. Evans, was born at Britwell Court, Buckinghamshire. At the age of seventeen he started to work for the paper-manufacturing business of John Dickinson & Co. Ltd at Nash Mills . The company had been founded by his uncle and later father-in-law John Dickinson , who was also its senior partner. In 1850 Evans was admitted as a partner in the company and did not retire from active management until 1885.
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Maurice Holleaux
1861 - 1932 (71 years)
Maurice Holleaux was a 19th–20th-century French historian, archaeologist and epigrapher, a specialist of Ancient Greece. Biography Années de formation Admitted in the École normale supérieure in 1879, Holleaux was agrégé in history in 1881 and became a member of the French School at Athens in 1882. He then conducted epigraphic explorations in Samos and Rhodes. He devoted thereafter an important scientific activity in the latter city. In 1884 he undertook missions in Asia Minor during which he discovered with Pierre Paris the inscription of Diogenes of Oenoanda. Back in Greece, he excavated in Boeotia the Ptoion sanctuary which had been previously identified by the traveler William Leake.
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Edoardo Brizio
1846 - 1907 (61 years)
Edoardo Brizio was an Italian archaeologist. He was a student of Giuseppe Fiorelli’s school of archaeology in Pompeii. Brizio became a professor of archaeology at the University of Bologna in 1876, and later director of the Museo Civico of Bologna. He is notable for advancing the theory that the Terramare population had been the original Ligurians.
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Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger
1856 - 1936 (80 years)
Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger was a Croatian geologist, paleontologist, and archeologist. Education Dragutin finished his elementary education in Zagreb, Croatia, as well as two years of preparandija . He started studying paleontology in Zürich, Switzerland. Soon, he moved to München, where his lecturer was Karl Zittel, a world-renowned expert in the areas of anatomy and paleontology. He received a doctoral degree in 1879, , with work related to fossilized fishes.
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Jole Bovio Marconi
1897 - 1986 (89 years)
Jole Bovio Marconi was an Italian archaeologist who graduated with a degree in the topography of ancient Rome from the Sapienza University of Rome and specialized at the Italian School of Archaeology at Athens. She married her colleague Pirro Marconi, whom she met in her studies in Athens.
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Karl Krumbacher
1856 - 1909 (53 years)
Karl Krumbacher was a German scholar who was an expert on Byzantine Greek language, literature, history and culture. He was one of the principal founders of Byzantine Studies as an independent academic discipline in modern universities.
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Sumner McKnight Crosby
1909 - 1982 (73 years)
Sumner McKnight Crosby, Sr. was an American art historian, archaeologist, and educator. A scholar of medieval architecture, specially the Basilica of Saint-Denis, Crosby was Professor of Art History at Yale University.
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Hermann Winnefeld
1862 - 1918 (56 years)
Hermann Winnefeld was a German classical archaeologist. He studied classics in Heidelberg and Bonn from 1881 to 1884, and subsequently became a research assistant at the Großherzogliche Vereinigte Sammlungen in Karlsruhe. In 1887 he received his doctorate from the University of Bonn with the thesis "Sortes Sangallenses ineditae". With a scholarship from the German Archaeological Institute, he conducted archaeological research in Italy and Greece from 1887 to 1889.
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Jean Capart
1877 - 1947 (70 years)
Jean Capart was a Belgian Egyptologist, who is often considered the "Father of Belgian Egyptology." Biography Capart was born to Alphonse Capart, an otolaryngologist, and Alida Carbonelle in Brussels on 21 February 1877. He studied Egyptology under Karl Alfred Wiedemann at Bonn University.
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Otto Jahn
1813 - 1869 (56 years)
Otto Jahn , was a German archaeologist, philologist, and writer on art and music. Biography After the completion of his university studies at Christian-Albrechts-Universität in Kiel, the University of Leipzig and Humboldt University, Berlin, he traveled for three years in France and Italy. In Rome, he was greatly influenced by the work of August Emil Braun . In 1839 he became privatdozent at Kiel, and in 1842 professor-extraordinary of archaeology and philology at the University of Greifswald .
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Georges Marçais
1876 - 1962 (86 years)
Georges Marçais was a French orientalist, historian, and scholar of Islamic art and architecture who specialized in the architecture of North Africa. Biography He initially trained as a painter and writer but after visiting his brother, William Marçais , an orientalist who directed a school in Algeria, he turned instead to scholarly studies. After writing his thesis on Berbers in North Africa, he was a professor at the University of Algiers and wrote numerous books and articles.
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Elizabeth Pierce Blegen
1888 - 1966 (78 years)
Elizabeth Denny Pierce Blegen was an American archaeologist, educator and writer. She excavated at sites in Greece and Cyprus, contributed reports on archaeological discoveries in Greece to the American Journal of Archaeology from 1925 to 1952, and was involved in several organisations promoting women's professional advancement in Greece and the United States.
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Georg Loeschcke
1852 - 1915 (63 years)
Georg Loeschcke was a German archaeologist born in Penig, Saxony. He studied archaeology under Johannes Overbeck at Leipzig, afterwards continuing his education at the University of Bonn, where he was a student of Reinhard Kekulé von Stradonitz. In 1877–78 he participated in a study trip to Greece and Italy under the aegis of the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut. As a result of this research, he published with Adolf Furtwängler, Mykenische Thongefäße, a landmark work that provided important historical timelines for Mycenaean pottery. In their investigations of Mycenaean pottery, Loeschcke a...
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Ernest Hébrard
1875 - 1933 (58 years)
Ernest Hébrard was a French architect, archaeologist and urban planner, best known for his urban plan for the center of Thessaloniki, Greece, after the great fire of 1917. Background Hebrard studied at the École des Beaux-Arts, and in 1904 won the Grand Prix de Rome, allowing him to study at the Académie de France in Rome, located in the Villa Medici. It was here that he chose to study Diocletian's palace at Split, eventually leading to the 1912 publication of a monograph containing what is still regarded as the most accurate image of the original appearance of the Palace. At the Academie, he...
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Walter Lehmann
1878 - 1939 (61 years)
Walter Hartmut Traugott Erdmann Lehmann was a German ethnologist, linguist and archeologist, known for his documentation of many indigenous cultures and languages of Central America. He studied under Eduard Seler, a renowned specialist in Mesoamerican cultures. Between 1907 and 1909 he undertook an expedition traveling from Panama to Mexico, in which he collected artefacts and ethnographic and linguistic data. He collected the only known documentation of several indigenous languages of Central America before they became extinct. His 1915 habilitation thesis was a vocabulary of the Rama language, and an historical analysis of the Subtiaba language.
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Friedrich Hiller von Gaertringen
1864 - 1947 (83 years)
Friedrich Hiller von Gaertringen was a German archeologist and philologist, a specialist in Greek epigraphy. Life Hiller von Gaertringen was the son of the Prussian army officer Rudolf Hiller von Gaertringen and Helene Luise Kramsta . He studied ancient history, first with Alfred von Gutschmid at Tübingen, then with Theodor Mommsen in Berlin. After receiving his Ph.D. in 1886 he continued at Göttingen with Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff.
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Jindřich Wankel
1821 - 1897 (76 years)
Jindřich Wankel was a Bohemian palaeontologist and archaeologist. Wankel was born to Damian Wankel, a clerk, and his wife Magdalena, née Schwarz, in a bilingual environment. He attended German schools in Prague and later studied Medicine at the University of Prague as a student of Josef Hyrtl.
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Jodi Byrd
Jodi Byrd holds a master’s degree and Ph.D. (2002) in English literature from the University of Iowa. Her dissertation was Colonialism’s Cacophony: Natives and Arrivants at the Limits of Postcolonial Theory. Before moving to Cornell University, she taught at the University of Illinois Chicago, and before that she was an assistant professor of indigenous politics in the department of political science of the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. She was formerly associated with the American Indian Studies Program at Illinois. She was president of the Association for the Study of American Indian Literatures for 2011–2012.
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Alice Kober
1906 - 1950 (44 years)
Alice Elizabeth Kober was an American classicist best known for her work on the decipherment of Linear B. Educated at Hunter College and Columbia University, Kober taught classics at Brooklyn College from 1930 until her death. In the 1940s, she published three major papers on the script, demonstrating evidence of inflection; her discovery allowed for the deduction of phonetic relationships between different signs without assigning them phonetic values, and would be a key step in the eventual decipherment of the script.
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Theodor Koch-Grunberg
1872 - 1924 (52 years)
Theodor Koch-Grünberg was a German ethnologist and explorer who made a valuable contribution to the study of the Indigenous peoples in South America, in particular the Pemon of Venezuela and other indigenous peoples in the Amazon region extending South-Western Brazil and a large part of the Vaupés region in Colombia. The 2015 film El abrazo de la serpiente fictionalizes his illness and final days based on his journals. He was played by actor .
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Walter Bryan Emery
1903 - 1971 (68 years)
Walter Bryan Emery, CBE, was a British Egyptologist. His career was devoted to the excavation of archaeological sites along the Nile Valley. During the Second World War, he served with distinction as an officer in the British Army and, in the immediate aftermath, in the Diplomatic Service, both still in Egypt.
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Wendell Phillips
1925 - 1975 (50 years)
Wendell Phillips was an American archaeologist and oil magnate who led some of the first archaeological expeditions in the areas that are part of modern-day Yemen and Oman. Excavating primarily in the 1950s, Phillips unearthed artifacts from the ancient kingdom of Sabaʾ. He was famous in the United States for his dashing style and adventurous stories, leading to his nickname, "America's Lawrence of Arabia".
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Jan Filip
1900 - 1981 (81 years)
Jan Filip was a Czechoslovak prehistorian. Life Filip was Professor of prehistory at Prague University, director of the Archaeological Institute and member of the Czech Academy of Sciences. He wrote numerous scholarly publications, among them two of the fundamental reference works for archaeological research in Central Europe. He also founded the professional journal Archeologické rozhledy, published since 1949.
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James Penrose Harland
1891 - 1973 (82 years)
James Penrose Harland was an American archaeologist of the ancient Aegean. Harland earned his BA , MA, and PhD from Princeton University and also completed service with the United States Navy during World War I. In addition to Princeton, he studied at the University of Bonn . He would teach archaeology at the University of Michigan and the University of Cincinnati before joining the faculty of Classics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1922 as an assistant professor of classics. Harland became associate professor of archaeology in 1927 and professor of archaeology in 1929....
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Luisa Banti
1894 - 1978 (84 years)
Luisa Banti was an Italian archaeologist, art historian, and educator specializing in the Etruscan and Minoan civilizations. Her best known work is Il mondo degli Etruschi . First published in 1960 and translated into several languages, it influenced scholarly opinion for many years and became a classic text.
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Anton Willem Nieuwenhuis
1864 - 1953 (89 years)
Anton Willem Nieuwenhuis was a Dutch explorer and physician who travelled extensively in central Borneo in the 1890s, recording valuable ethnographic information about the Dayak people and making biological collections.
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Frederik David Holleman
1887 - 1958 (71 years)
Frederik 'Frits' David Holleman was a Dutch and South African academic, ethnologist, and jurist, best known for his research into the indigenous legal systems of the Dutch East Indies and South Africa.
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William Wilkins
1778 - 1839 (61 years)
William Wilkins was an English architect, classical scholar and archaeologist. He designed the National Gallery and University College London, and buildings for several Cambridge colleges. Life Wilkins was born in the parish of St Giles, Norwich, the son of William Wilkins , a successful builder who also managed the Norwich Theatre Circuit, a chain of theatres. His younger brother George Wilkins became Archdeacon of Nottingham.
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James Burton
1788 - 1862 (74 years)
James Burton was an early British Egyptologist, known for his pioneering exploration and mapping of the Valley of the Kings, during which he became the first individual of the modern age to enter KV5; his pioneering excavations at Karnak, during which he discovered the Karnak king list; and his excavations at Medinet Habu, during which he was part of the team that discovered TT391.
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Harold F. Cherniss
1904 - 1987 (83 years)
Harold Fredrik Cherniss was an American classicist and historian of ancient philosophy. While at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, he was said to be "the country's foremost expert on Plato and Aristotle."
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Harri Moora
1900 - 1968 (68 years)
Harri Moora was an Estonian archaeologist. He was a recipient of the national Cross of Liberty. In 1925, he graduated from the University of Tartu. Between 1930–1942, he was a museum director. In 1931, he studied at Baltic Institute in Stockholm and developed a scholarly working relationship with Finnish archaeologist Ella Kivikoski, who was one of his main contacts with Scandinavian archaeologists.
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Dong Zuobin
1895 - 1963 (68 years)
Dong Zuobin or Tung Tso-pin was a Chinese archaeologist. He was a leading authority on the oracle bone and turtle shell inscriptions of the Shang dynasty . In 1928, Dong supervised the first archaeological dig of Anyang, the Shang capital. Dong was a professor at National Taiwan University and director of the institute of philology and history at Academia Sinica from 1950 to 1954. Dong's construction of a Shang chronology was his most important research achievement.
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Johanna van Lohuizen-de Leeuw
1919 - 1983 (64 years)
Johanna Engelberta van Lohuizen-de Leeuw was a Dutch archaeologist and art historian, specializing in South and South-east Asia. Fluent in Sanskrit, she contributed important research to the study of antiquities in Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, and Sri Lanka, as well as in Thailand and Indonesia. Along with Raymond and Bridget Allchin, Jan van Lohuizen, and Harold Bailey, she founded the Ancient and Indian Iran Trust in Cambridge in 1978 to support historical and archaeological research in those regions, which later became a center of academic research in the field. She made notable contributions to the history of Kusana art.
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Cardale Babington
1808 - 1895 (87 years)
Charles Cardale Babington was an English botanist and archaeologist. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1851. Babington was the son of Joseph Babington and Cathérine née Whitter, and a nephew of Thomas Babington Macaulay. He was educated at Charterhouse and St John's College, Cambridge, obtaining his Bachelor of Arts in 1830 and his Master of Arts in 1833. He overlapped at Cambridge with Charles Darwin, and in 1829 they argued over who should have the pick of beetle specimens from a local dealer. He obtained the chair of botany at the University of Cambridge in 1861 and wrote several papers on insects.
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Gabriel Gustafson
1853 - 1915 (62 years)
Gabriel Adolf Gustafson was a Swedish-Norwegian archaeologist. He was responsible for the excavation and conservation of the Oseberg Ship . Biography Gabriel Gustafson was born in Visby, in Gotland County, Sweden. Gustafson studied at the Uppsala University earning a degree in Archaeology . He was a professor at Uppsala University . Gustafson was employed by the University of Bergen as a conservator from 1889 to 1900. In 1900, following the death of Oluf Rygh, he was appointed manager of the University Museum of National Antiquities at University of Kristiania, and professor of archaeology...
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Esther Boise Van Deman
1862 - 1937 (75 years)
Esther Boise Van Deman was a leading archaeologist of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. She developed techniques that allowed her to estimate the building dates of ancient buildings in Rome. Life Esther Boise Van Deman was born in South Salem, Ohio, to Joseph Van Deman and his second wife, Martha Millspaugh. She was the youngest of six children, including two boys by her father's first marriage.
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Ioannis Svoronos
1863 - 1922 (59 years)
Ioannis N. Svoronos was a Greek archaeologist and numismatist. Life Ioannis Svoronos was born in 1863 on the island of Mykonos. After completing school he enrolled in the Law School of the University of Athens, but abandoned his studies to dedicate himself to archaeology and numismatics. He studied the latter in the universities of Berlin, London and Paris . On his return to Greece he was hired by the Numismatic Museum of Athens, where he worked until his death, serving also as its director from 1899. In 1918–1920 he was also Professor of Numismatics at the University of Athens. From 1898 he published the journal Journal International d’Archéologie Numismatique.
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Sidney Smith
1889 - 1979 (90 years)
Sidney Smith was an Assyriologist who has been described as the architect of Mesopotamian studies. Life He was born in Leeds, 29 August 1889, studied in City of London School, and went to Queens' College, Cambridge on a Classical Exhibition. During WWI he served as a subaltern in an infantry battalion. In 1955 he retired to Barcombe, near Lewes in Sussex.
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Harold North Fowler
1859 - 1955 (96 years)
Harold North Fowler was an American classicist. He was married to Mary Blackford Fowler. He was the original translator of a number of Plato's works for the Loeb Classical Library collection. External links
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Heinrich Bulle
1867 - 1945 (78 years)
Heinrich Bulle was a German archaeologist born in Bremen. He studied classical archaeology in Freiburg im Breisgau and Munich, where he was a student of Heinrich Brunn . From 1898 to 1902, he was a lecturer at the University of Würzburg, followed by an associate professorship at the University of Erlangen. In 1908, he returned to Würzburg as a professor, where he was also director of the "Martin von Wagner Museum". Bulle was a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
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Benedikt Niese
1849 - 1910 (61 years)
Jürgen Anton Benedikt Niese , also known as Benedict, Benediktus or Benedictus Niese, was a German classical scholar. Niese was born in Burg, on the island of Fehmarn, then part of the German Confederation but ruled by King Frederick VII of Denmark. His father was Emil August Niese, pastor in the town, and his mother was born Benedicte Marie Matthiessen. He was educated at the Domgymnasium in Schleswig and then from 1867 at Bonn and Kiel, studying under Alfred von Gutschmid. After volunteering for the army during the Franco-Prussian War, he was awarded a PhD in 1872. After teaching for a short time in a secondary school in Flensburg, he travelled in Italy and France.
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Sergei Teploukhov
1888 - 1934 (46 years)
Sergei Aleksandrovich Teploukhov was an archaeologist from the Soviet Union. From 1920 to 1932, Teploukhov conducted research on the archaeological remains of various periods in Siberia and Central Asia. He was the first to devise a classification of the archaeological cultures of Southern Siberia. Teploukhov was arrested on suspicions of nationalism on November 26, 1933 and was found dead in his cell on March 10, 1934.
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