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List of the most influential people in Biology,

#17051

Maximilien Chaudoir

Maximilien Chaudoir

1816 - 1881 (65 years)

Maximilien Chaudoir, or Maximilien, baron de Chaudoir, was a Russian entomologist. He was a specialist in Coleoptera and in particular the Carabidae. His Cicindelidae are conserved by the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. His Carabidae were acquired by Charles Oberthür , then given to the same museum. He wrote Mémoire sur la famille des Carabiques, 6 volumes commencing 1848.

#17052

Theodora Lisle Prankerd

Theodora Lisle Prankerd

1878 - 1939 (61 years)

Theodora Lisle Prankerd was a British botanist who worked on the growth of ferns, and lectured at Bedford College and the University of Reading. Early life and education Theodora Lisle Prankerd was born in Hackney, London, the daughter of general practitioner Orlando Reeves Prankerd and his second wife, Clementina Soares. She attended Brighton High School . She then studied botany Royal Holloway, University of London, first supported by a Founders scholarship, and then a Driver Scholarship, graduating with 1st Class Honours in 1903, at the time headed by Margaret Jane Benson.

#17053

George Herbert Carpenter

1865 - 1939 (74 years)

George Herbert Carpenter was a British naturalist and entomologist, born in the Peckham district of southeast London in 1865, and died in Belfast on 22 January 1939. His main interests were in the study of insects and arachnids, zoogeography, and economic zoology. In addition to numerous contributions to scientific journals and Encyclopædia Britannica, he authored five books.

#17054

Eleanor Albert Bliss

1899 - 1987 (88 years)

Eleanor Albert Bliss was an immunologist who made significant advancements to the field of immunological research. She was also a dean and professor of biology at Bryn Mawr College. Life and education Eleanor Albert Bliss was born on December 16, 1899, in Jamestown, Rhode Island. Her family lived in Baltimore where her father, William J. Bliss was a professor at Johns Hopkins University. Her mother's name was Edith Grantham Bliss who was originally from Pennsylvania. The Bliss family lived in Baltimore for their children's entire childhood.

#17055

Antoine-Athanase Royer-Collard

Antoine-Athanase Royer-Collard

1768 - 1825 (57 years)

Antoine-Athanase Royer-Collard was a French physician and psychiatrist. He was a younger brother to philosopher Pierre-Paul Royer-Collard . Royer-Collard was born in Sompuis. He studied medicine in Paris, and in 1802 received his doctorate with a dissertation on amenorrhea . In 1806, he was named chief physician at the Charenton mental asylum, and in 1816 became a professor of forensic medicine at the University of Paris. In 1819, he was appointed to the first chair of médecine mentale. Among his better known students were Antoine Laurent Bayle and Louis-Florentin Calmeil.

#17056

Tesha Zohidov

1906 - 1981 (75 years)

Tesha Zohidovich Zohidov was a Soviet-Uzbek zoologist, ecologist, and politician who served as president of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR from 1952 to 1956. Early life and education Zohidov was born on to an impoverished Uzbek family in Kokand. When he was only ten years old he began working at a print shop as an apprentice, although after the Soviet presence in the region increased he began attending a local school. After completing initial schooling in Kokand in 1924 he continued his education at the Tashkent Pedagogical College named after Narimonov, which he graduated from in 1926.

#17057

Gonçalo Sampaio

Gonçalo Sampaio

1865 - 1937 (72 years)

Gonçalo António da Silva Ferreira Sampaio was a Portuguese botanist. He studied mathematics at the University of Coimbra and chemistry, mineralogy and botany at the Polytechnic Academy of Porto. From 1890 he served as an assistant naturalist at the Polytechnic Academy. From 1912 to 1935 he was a professor of botany at the faculty of sciences of the University of Porto. As a taxonomist he described around 50 new species of vascular plants, five new species of desmids and about 70 new taxa of lichens that included the genus Carlosia . The mycological genus Sampaioa commemorates his name.

#17058

John R. Paul

1893 - 1971 (78 years)

John Rodman Paul was an American virologist whose research focused on the spread of polio and the development of treatments for the disease. Life and achievements Paul was born on April 18, 1893, in Philadelphia. He earned his undergraduate degree in 1915 from Princeton University and received his medical training at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, which awarded him an M.D. degree. He began his career as an assistant pathologist at Johns Hopkins in 1919 and 1920, and followed that with an internship at Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia from 1920 to 1922. In 1928, Paul joined the facult...

#17059

Maurice Pic

1866 - 1957 (91 years)

Maurice Pic was a French entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He contributed to Mary-Louis Fauconnet's Catalogue raisonné des coléoptères de Saône-et-Loire and wrote many short papers, many in L'Échange, Revue Linnéenne describing world beetles. His most important work was for Sigmund Schenkling's still very relevant Coleopterorum Catalogus.

#17060

Bernhard Rawitz

Bernhard Rawitz

1857 - 1932 (75 years)

Bernhard Rawitz was a German military physician, anatomist and zoologist. He studied medicine at Kaiser Wilhlem Akademie in Berlin, afterwards serving as a military doctor in Metz . He later worked at the zoological stations in Naples and Rovigno . In the late 19th century he journeyed to northern Norway , where he performed studies of cetaceans.

#17061

Carl Bovallius

1849 - 1907 (58 years)

Carl Erik Alexander Bovallius was a Swedish biologist and archaeologist. Biography Carl Bovallius was born at Stockholm, Sweden. He was the son of Robert Mauritz Bowallius . His father was a historian and National Archivist 1874–1882.

#17062

Karl Suessenguth

1893 - 1955 (62 years)

Karl Suessenguth was a German botanist. He studied under Karl Ritter von Goebel at the University of Munich, where in 1927 he became a professor of botany. From 1927 to 1955 he was curator of the Botanische Staatssammlung München.

#17063

Bernhard Peyer

1885 - 1963 (78 years)

Bernhard Peyer was a Swiss paleontologist and anatomist who served as a professor at the University of Zurich. A major contribution was on the evolution of vertebrate teeth. Peyer was born in Schaffhausen, Switzerland, the son of a textile-factory owning namesake father and Sophie Frey. While at secondary school in Schaffhausen he met Ferdinand Schalch in the field who influenced him into paleontology although there had been scientists in the family in the past, including the anatomist Johann Conrad Peyer . In 1905 he went to study at the University of Tübingen and then at Munich where he listed to lectures by Richard von Hertwig, Ferdinand Broili and Ernst Stromer von Reichenbach.

#17064

Zoltán Szilády

1878 - 1947 (69 years)

Zoltán Szilády was a Hungarian museologist, entomologist and university lecturer and teacher. He specialised in Diptera. He was born in Budapest and died aged 68 in Grosspösna, Germany. Works Partial ListA magyar állattani irodalom ismertetése. III. [Description of the Hungarian zoological literature III.] 1890-1900 Über paläarktischen Syrphiden. I-IV. Jegyzetek a legyek lábszerkezetéről [Notes on the structure of Diptera legs] A magyar birodalom legyeinek szinopszisa. VI. Talpaslegyek, Clythidae ; VIII. Lauxaniidae [Synopsis of the flies of the Hungarian empire] .

#17065

Morris Simmonds

1855 - 1925 (70 years)

Morris Simmonds was a German physician and pathologist. He was born in St. Thomas, then part of the Danish West Indies . In 1861 he emigrated with his family to Hamburg, which was then an independent city.

#17066

Giuseppe Gibelli

1831 - 1898 (67 years)

Giuseppe Gibelli was an Italian botanist and lichenologist who was a native of Santa Cristina e Bissone. He originally studied medicine, earning his medical doctorate at the University of Pavia. Later he studied botany and microscopy in Germany. He became a professor of botany at the Universities of Modena and Bologna , and from 1883 to 1898 was a professor of botany and director of the botanical garden at Turin.

#17067

Alice Carter Cook

1865 - 1943 (78 years)

Alice Carter Cook , , was an American botanist and author whose plant collections are now held by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Cook was the first woman to receive a PhD in botany from an American university.

#17068

Jacques Denys Choisy

1799 - 1859 (60 years)

Jacques Denys Choisy was a Swiss Protestant clergyman and botanist. He studied theology, law, humanities and sciences at the Académie de Genève. In 1821 he became ordained as a minister, and during the following year, furthered his education in Paris. During his stay in Paris, he was accepted as a member of the Société d'histoire naturelle. Following his return to Geneva in 1824, he was named chair of rational philosophy at the Academy, a position he maintained until 1847.

#17069

William Augustus Hinton

1883 - 1959 (76 years)

William Augustus Hinton was an Americann bacteriologist, pathologist and educator. He was the first Black professor in the history of Harvard University. A pioneer in the field of public health, Hinton developed a test for syphilis which, because of its accuracy, was used by the United States Public Health Service. In 1975, the Massachusetts legislature made what had become known as the "Hinton Laboratory" in the scientific community official, passing a bill to rename the state laboratory the "Dr. William A. Hinton Laboratory." In 2019, Hinton's portrait was placed in Harvard Medical School's...

#17070

Dimitrie Voinov

1867 - 1951 (84 years)

Dimitrie Voinov was a Romanian zoologist, histologist and cytologist. Born in Iași, he was the adopted son of politician Nicolae Voinov. He graduated from the University of Paris in 1890, going on to earn a doctorate. He extensively studied insect orders such as Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. His investigations into reproduction focused on studying the shape and structure of sperm cells. He also looked at the components of cytoplasm, including mitochondria and vacuoles.

#17071

Julien Fraipont

1857 - 1910 (53 years)

Julien Jean Joseph Fraipont was a Belgian paleontologist who worked as a professor of zoology at the University of Liège and is best known for his descriptive work on Neanderthal man. His son Charles Fraipont also became a paleontologist.

#17072

Mikhail Piatrovich Tomin

1883 - 1967 (84 years)

Mikhail Piatrovich Tomin was a Russian and Soviet lichenologist. Life and career Mikhail Piatrovich Tomin was born on July 25, 1883, in the village of Sharovichi, Kaluga Governorate. He studied at the Moscow Agricultural Institute, from which he graduated in 1912. Until 1929, Tomin worked at the Voronezh Agricultural Institute , after which he moved to Arkhangelsk, becoming head of the department of botany at the Forestry Engineering Institute. From 1931 to 1934 M.P. Tomin was a professor at the Orenburg Institute of Large Beef Cattle Breeding and Veterinary Medicine. In 1937, Tomin received his doctorate in biological sciences.

#17073

Charles Edward Faxon

1846 - 1918 (72 years)

Charles Edward Faxon was an American botanical artist and instructor of botany born in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts. In 1867 he received his degree in civil engineering from Lawrence Scientific School in Cambridge. From 1879 to 1884, he taught classes in botany at the Bussey Institute.

#17074

Wilhelm Mayer-Gross

1889 - 1961 (72 years)

Wilhelm Mayer-Gross was a German-British psychiatrist and professor. He was one of the founders of the British school of psychiatry. Early life and education He was born in Bingen am Rhein, Germany, however in 1933 he moved to England. He was one of the disciples of Franz Nissl.

#17075

Viktor Uhlig

1857 - 1911 (54 years)

Viktor Karl Uhlig was an Austrian geologist and paleontologist. Biography He studied geology and mineralogy at the universities of Graz and Vienna, receiving his doctorate in 1879. Afterwards he worked as a research assistant under Melchior Neumayr in Vienna, and in 1891 was named an associate professor of geology and mineralogy at the German Polytechnic in Prague. Two years later he became a full professor, and in 1900 returned to Vienna as a professor of geology and paleontology. In 1907 he was a co-founder of the Geologischen Gesellschaft in Wien.

#17076

Philip B. Hawk

1874 - 1966 (92 years)

Philip Bovier Hawk was an American biochemist, nutritionist, and amateur tennis player. Biography Hawk was born in East Branch, New York. He studied at Wesleyan University, where he obtained his B.S. degree in 1898. He worked as an assistant to Wilbur Olin Atwater in nutrition research at Wesleyan University .

#17077

Francis Hobart Herrick

Francis Hobart Herrick

1858 - 1940 (82 years)

Francis Hobart Herrick was an American writer, natural history illustrator and Professor of Biology at Adelbert College of Western Reserve University. Herrick attended St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire from where he went to Dartmouth College in 1881. His Ph.D. was obtained at Johns Hopkins University in 1888. The embryology and biology of shellfish, especially lobster, became his consuming interest.

#17078

John E. Cooper

#17079

Heinrich Moritz Gaede

Heinrich Moritz Gaede

1795 - 1834 (39 years)

Heinrich Moritz Gaede, also Henri-Maurice Gaede , was a German naturalist and entomologist. He was a professor in Lüttich and at the University of Liège. Gaede wrote Beitrage zur Anatomie und Physiologie der Medusen, nebst einem Versuch einer Einleitung ueber das, was den altern Natursorschern in Hinsicht dieser Thiere bekannt war and Beytrage zur Anatomie der Insekten Altona, J. F. Hammerich .

#17080

John L. Hamerton

#17081

Jane Ingham

1897 - 1982 (85 years)

Rose Marie "Jane" Ingham was an English botanist and scientific translator. She was appointed research assistant to Joseph Hubert Priestley in the Botany Department at the University of Leeds, and together, they were the first to separate cell walls from the root tip of broad beans. They analysed these cell walls and concluded that they contained protein. She carried out experiments on the cork layer of trees to study how cells function under a change of orientation and found profound differences in cell division and elongation in the epidermal layer of plants.

#17082

Elias Tillandz

1640 - 1693 (53 years)

Elias Tillandz was a Swedish-born doctor and botanist who worked in Finland. He was the professor of medicine at the Academy of Turku. He wrote the country's first botanical work, the Catalogus Plantarum, which was first published in 1673. As a doctor he also prepared medicines for his patients by using his extensive knowledge of plants.

#17083

Pierre Bonnet

1897 - 1990 (93 years)

Pierre Bonnet was a French arachnologist who wrote Bibliographia Araneorum, an immense work listing publications on spiders. It was the result of forty years of work. Pierre Bonnet was the son of Eugène Bonnet, a college teacher, and Clotilde, daughter of the comte Jean-Baptiste de Villeneuve. He studied in Vic-Bigorrein the Hautes-Pyrénées before being called up for military service in January 1916. He was demobilized in April 1919 with the Croix de Guerre. He resumed his studies in Montpellier and Toulouse where he graduated in zoology in 1922. He then became a preparator at the Univers...

#17084

Alfred Philpott

1870 - 1930 (60 years)

Alfred Philpott was a New Zealand museum curator, entomologist and writer. He was born in Tysoe, Warwickshire, England, on 15 December 1870. He became the first person to describe Zelleria maculata in 1930.

#17085

John Gilmour

1906 - 1986 (80 years)

John Scott Lennox Gilmour VMH FLS was a British botanist, curator of the Cambridge University Herbarium, and later director of Cambridge University Botanic Garden and Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge.

#17086

Austin Flint II

Austin Flint II

1836 - 1915 (79 years)

Austin Flint II was an American physician. He carried out extensive experimental investigations in human physiology and made several important discoveries. He assisted in establishing the glycogenic function of the liver; showed that one of the functions of the liver is to separate from the blood the cholesterin, which is a product of the nervous system. and which, becoming a constituent of the bile, is afterward converted into what he named "stercorin" , the odorous principle of feces.

#17087

William F. Clapp

1880 - 1951 (71 years)

William Frederick Clapp was a specialist in mollusks at Harvard University's Museum of Comparative Zoology and one of the people who influenced William J. Clench to go into the study of mollusks. From 1911 to 1923, Clapp was curator of the MCZ's mollusk collection. In the later year he went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he conducted research on the Teredinidae. He also later established his own laboratory in Duxbury, Massachusetts to try to develop methods to control these mollusks which often are destructive to ships.

#17088

LeRoy Abrams

1874 - 1956 (82 years)

LeRoy Abrams was an American botanist and writer. He was a Professor of Botany at Stanford University. He wrote and illustrated a four-volume Illustrated Flora of the Pacific States, with the final volume published posthumously, after compilation and editing by Roxanna Ferris.

#17089

Charles Chilton

Charles Chilton

1860 - 1929 (69 years)

Charles Chilton was a New Zealand zoologist, the first rector to be appointed in Australasia, and the first person to be awarded a D.Sc. degree in New Zealand. Biography Chilton was born on 27 September 1860 at Little Marstone, Pencombe, son of Thomas Chilton, but emigrated with his family to New Zealand in 1862. They settled on a farm at East Eyreton, North Canterbury. He was troubled by his hips from an early age, and had his left leg amputated, using an artificial leg and a crutch thereafter.

#17090

Francesco Prof. Dr. Salamini

#17091

James Montagu Frank Drummond

1881 - 1965 (84 years)

James Montagu Frank Drummond FRSE FLS was a Scottish botanist, descended from a long line of botanists including James Drummond all living in the Inverarity area around Kirriemuir, and mainly working on the Forthringham estate. Friends generally knew him as Monty Drummond. He was an expert on Bryophytes.

#17092

Kathleen E. Carpenter

Kathleen E. Carpenter

1891 - 1970 (79 years)

Kathleen E. Carpenter was a British freshwater ecologist. She is best known for her early studies of the effects of metal pollution on Welsh rivers and their biota, as well as her book Life in Inland Waters, the first textbook in English wholly devoted to freshwater ecology.

#17093

Gudrun Ruud

1882 - 1958 (76 years)

Gudrun Marie Ruud was a Norwegian zoologist and educator. She is remembered for her pioneering embryological research based on experimentation with salamanders. Early life Born in Christiania, Ruud was the youngest daughter of a prosperous merchant, I.A. Ruud. She enjoyed a pleasant childhood in a large property with geese and poultry on the grounds. From an early age, she was attracted by the birds, animals and plants she encountered during her holidays in Østre Aker, just outside the capital. She first attended a teacher training establishment before embarking on science studies at the Royal Frederick University, graduating in 1913.

#17094

Theodore Hough

1865 - 1924 (59 years)

Theodore Hough was an American physician who first described delayed onset muscle soreness in 1902. Biography Hough was born in Virginia in 1865. He received his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in 1893. After graduation, he was employed as a professor at MIT where he worked with William T. Sedgwick. In 1907, he became the chair of physiology at the University of Virginia School of Medicine, and became dean in 1916. In 1922, he was president of the Association of American Medical Colleges.

#17095

Vincenzo Tineo

1791 - 1856 (65 years)

Vincenzo Tineo was an Italian Botanist. From 1814 to 1856 he was the director of the Palermo Botanical Garden. This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation Tineo when citing a botanical name.

#17096

Karl Koester

1843 - 1904 (61 years)

Karl Koester was a German pathologist and rector of the University of Bonn from 1898 to 1899. He was professor of pathology and director of the Institute of Pathology at the University of Bonn from 1874 to 1904. He held the title Geheimer Medizinalrat.

#17097

Stefan Kopeć

1888 - 1941 (53 years)

Stefan Kopeć was a Polish biologist and pioneer of insect endocrinology. Kopeć was director at Puławy Agricultural Research Station. He was murdered by the Germans during World War II. Biography Stefan Kopeć studied at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. He received his PhD there in 1912, and worked at Puławy Agricultural Research Station in Poland between 1915 and 1920. In 1929, he was made director of the institute. Between 1908 and 1927, Kopeć published at least 17 papers, in Polish, English and German, on insect endocrinology in various professional journals. Kopeć began his studies of the moulting of insects with Lymantria dispar from specimens caught in the wild.

#17098

Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer

1831 - 1897 (66 years)

Alois Friedrich Rogenhofer was an Austrian entomologist. He was a curator at the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna, where he was the first keeper of the Lepidoptera. Rogenhofer was mainly interested in Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera.

#17099

Reinhold Wilhelm Buchholz

Reinhold Wilhelm Buchholz

1837 - 1876 (39 years)

Reinhold Wilhelm Buchholz was a German zoologist who made contributions in the fields of herpetology, carcinology and ichthyology. He studied medicine at the University of Königsberg, and in 1872 became an associate professor of zoology at the University of Greifswald. In 1876 he was appointed a full professor and director of the zoological museum at Greifswald, but died soon afterwards.

#17100

William Allman

1776 - 1846 (70 years)

William Allman, M.D. was Professor of Botany at Dublin. He was born at Kingston, Jamaica, on 7 February 1776, but his parents removed to Ireland before he was four years of age, his mother being a native of Waterford. He was educated in that town, and Trinity College Dublin, where he was elected a Scholar, and graduated B.A. in 1796, M.A. in 1801, and M.D. in 1804. He practised medicine in Clonmel until 1809 when he was elected Professor of Botany at Trinity College Dublin. Soon after this event he became acquainted with Robert Brown, the botanist, with whom his friendship was lifelong.

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