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List of the most influential people in Chemistry,

#6151

Richard Henke

1900 - 1963 (63 years)

Richard Henke was an Austrian chemist and inventor. Life and Work Richard Henke originally came from a wealthy family of silk manufacturers in the Kingdom of Saxony. The family belonged to the educated middle class and lived in a town villa in Korneuburg, which was destroyed in bombing raids during the Second World War.

#6152

Johann Juncker

1679 - 1759 (80 years)

Johann Juncker was a German physician and chemist. Juncker was a leader in the Pietist reform movement as it applied to medicine. He directed the Francke Foundations and initiated approaches to medical practice, charitable treatment, and education at the University of Halle that influenced others internationally. He was a staunch proponent of Georg Ernst Stahl and helped to more clearly present Stahl's phlogiston theory of combustion.

#6153

Frank Austin Gooch

Frank Austin Gooch

1852 - 1929 (77 years)

Frank Austin Gooch was an American chemist and engineer. Biography He was born to Joshua G. & Sarah Gates Gooch in Watertown, Massachusetts. On his mother's side of the family, he was a descendant of Thomas Hastings who came from the East Anglia region of England to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1634.

#6154

Alfred Bird

1811 - 1878 (67 years)

Alfred Bird was an English food manufacturer and chemist. He was born in Nympsfield, Gloucestershire, England in 1811 and was later a pupil at King Edward's School, Birmingham. He was the inventor of a series of food products, most notably egg-free custard and baking powder. His father was a lecturer in astronomy at Eton College. His son Alfred Frederick Bird continued to develop the business after his father's death.

#6155

Johann Ludwig Hannemann

1640 - 1724 (84 years)

Johann Ludwig Hannemann was a professor of medicine who famously opposed the idea of the circulation of the blood. He studied the chemistry of phosphorus, gold, and hematite; wrote articles on metallurgy, botany, theology, and various medical topics. He was an adherent of the views of the ancients and pre-Renaissance alchemists. He trained his medical students according to the schools of Galen, Hippocrates, and Aristotle.

#6156

John Warner

1897 - 1989 (92 years)

John Christian Warner , known best as Jake Warner, was an American chemist who served as the fourth President of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Early life He was born in Goshen, Indiana to a farming family. He received his B.A. , M.A. , and Ph.D. all from the Indiana University, then worked as a research chemist for three Indiana companies. He took a teaching position at Carnegie Institute of Technology, today's Carnegie Mellon, in 1926.

#6157

Ruth Wheeler

1877 - 1948 (71 years)

Ruth Wheeler was an American chemist specialising in the field of nutrition and public education. Early life and education Ruth Wheeler was born on 5 August 1877 in Plains, Pennsylvania, to Jared Ward Wheeler and Martha Jane Wheeler . She was taught to read by her mother, and graduated from West Pittston High School in West Pittston, Pennsylvania. Her thinking was influenced by her Welsh grandfather, Rev. Dr. Evan Benjamin Evans, a minister concerned with feeding the poor.

#6158

Henry Granger Knight

Henry Granger Knight

1878 - 1942 (64 years)

Henry Granger Knight was an American chemist and soil scientist who served as chief of the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and as president of the American Institute of Chemists. He formerly served as dean of agriculture at the University of Wyoming, Oklahoma Agricultural College, and West Virginia University.

#6159

Otto Krayer

1899 - 1982 (83 years)

Otto Hermann Krayer was a German-American physician, pharmacologist and university professor. He was the only German scientist who refused on moral grounds to succeed a colleague who had been dismissed from his professorial chair by the National-Socialist government for anti-semitic reasons. Krayer voiced his opinion publicly and aggressively. The medical historian Udo Schagen entitled his historical analysis of Krayer: "Widerständiges Verhalten im Meer von Begeisterung, Opportunismus und Antisemitismus" or 'Resistant Behaviour in a Sea of Enthusiasm, Opportunism and Antisemitism'.

#6160

Henry Morton

1836 - 1902 (66 years)

Henry Jackson Morton was a United States scientist and the first president of the Stevens Institute of Technology. Education and early career He was the son of Rev. Henry Morton , a clergyman who was rector of St. James's church in Philadelphia for many years and a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania. Henry J. Morton graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1857, and became professor of physics and chemistry at the Episcopal Academy of Philadelphia in 1860. In 1863, he delivered a series of lectures on chemistry at the Franklin Institute. A year later, he was appointed resident secretary at Franklin Institute, where he continued his lectures.

#6161

Carl Wilhelm Correns

1893 - 1980 (87 years)

Carl Wilhelm Correns was a German geologist who pioneered the field of sedimentary petrology. He was noted as an influential teacher and for his textbook Einführung in die Mineralogie . Correns received the Roebling Medal of the Geological Society of America in 1976.

#6162

Alexander Killen Macbeth

1889 - 1957 (68 years)

Alexander Killen Macbeth CMG, DSc, FAA was born in Ireland on 11 August 1889 at Drumbuoy, Strabane, second son of William, a butcher, and Sarah Anna. He was educated at Queen’s University Belfast, and at University College London, where he was an 1851 Exhibition Scholar. He returned to Belfast and then, in 1919, to the University of St Andrews as a Senior Lecturer in Chemistry. From 1924 to 1928 he held the position of Reader in Chemistry at Durham University.

#6163

Edgar Wedekind

1870 - 1938 (68 years)

Edgar Leon Waldemar Otto Wedekind was a German chemist and teacher at Hannoversch-Münden. He was one of the signatories for the Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State .

#6164

E. E. Kurth

1895 - 1966 (71 years)

Ernest Edgar Kurth, also known as E. E. Kurth, is best known for his work at the University of Tasmania with investigations into the chemical constitution and properties of Tasmanian and New South Wales oil shales, for which he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Science in 1934. During WWII he gave special attention to the pyrolysis of timber and its trace elements. He was author of several papers on the subject and held a patent for improvements to charcoal kilns.

#6165

Gösta Ehrensvärd

1910 - 1980 (70 years)

Count Gösta Carl Henrik Ehrensvärd, was a Swedish chemist. Ehrensvärd graduated with a Ph.D. in physiological chemistry from Stockholm University College in 1942, and was simultaneously awarded the title as Docent. He became Docent in biochemistry at Karolinska Institute in 1948, Docent in medicinal chemistry and biochemistry in 1949-1950, and Docent in biochemistry at Stockholm University College in 1950. He was Laborator between 1952 and 1956, and was appointed Professor of biochemistry at Lund University in 1956. He was elected to the Royal Physiographic Society in Lund in 1956, and to the...

#6166

Charles Robert Sanger

Charles Robert Sanger

1860 - 1912 (52 years)

Charles Robert Sanger was a chemist and professor at Harvard University whose research centered on detecting and curing the causes of illness caused by chemicals in the home. Early life Sanger was born on August 31, 1860, in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of George Partridge Sanger and Elizabeth Sherburne . His father, a Harvard graduate, was a lawyer, editor, judge, first president of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company and United States attorney for Massachusetts between 1873 and 1886. Sanger's mother was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. His great-grandfather, Thomas Thompson, was a U.S.

#6167

William Irvine

1743 - 1787 (44 years)

William Irvine FRSE was an 18th-century British doctor and chemist who served as assistant to Joseph Black in many of his important experiments. He twice served as President of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow: 1775 to 1777 and 1783 to 1785.

#6168

Annie Hutton Numbers

1897 - 1988 (91 years)

Annie Hutton Numbers was a Scottish chemist and academic. Early life Numbers was born on 6 March 1897 in Edinburgh to Maggie and Alexander Numbers. Her father was a joiner and cabinetmaker. She had one sister, Isabella, who was born about 1899. She attended Mrs Steele's Private School in Upper Gray Street in Edinburgh, then joined James Gillespie's High School in 1904, spending three years there. In 1907 she began her secondary education at Mary Erskine's Edinburgh Ladies' College until 1914.

#6169

Matthias Eduard Schweizer

1818 - 1860 (42 years)

Matthias Eduard Schweizer was a Swiss chemist who in 1857 invented Schweizer's reagent, in which cellulose can be dissolved to produce artificial silk or rayon. He was one of the pioneers of the synthetic textile industry.

#6170

William Rees Brebner Robertson

1881 - 1941 (60 years)

William Rees Brebner Robertson was an American zoologist and early cytogeneticist who discovered the chromosomal rearrangement named in his honour, Robertsonian translocation, the most common structural chromosomal abnormalities seen in humans that result in syndromes of multiple malformations, including trisomy 13 Patau syndrome and trisomy 21 Down syndrome.

#6171

Edouard Henri von Baumhauer

1820 - 1885 (65 years)

Edouard Hendrik von Baumhauer was a Dutch chemist who served as a professor at the University of Amsterdam. Baumhauer came from a family of German origin some of whom had settled in Maastricht as merchants. Edouard's grandfather had established the trading firm "Goddard Cappel en Zonen". Edouard's was the third son of Willem Theodoor, Advocate General the Supreme Court of Brussels. After studied literature at the University of Utrecht he took an interest in the natural sciences and became an assistant of Gerrit Jan Mulder in 1843. One of his early works was on the composition of meteorites. He received a doctorate in 1844 and differences with Mulder led him to leave Utrecht for Maastricht.

#6172

Otto Saly Binswanger

Otto Saly Binswanger

1854 - 1917 (63 years)

Otto Saly Binswanger was a German-American chemist and toxicologist. Life Born to the noted Binswanger family and of German-Jewish descent, Otto Saly Binswanger was raised and schooled in Augsburg.

#6173

Emil Alexander de Schweinitz

1866 - 1904 (38 years)

Emil Alexander de Schweinitz was an American bacteriologist. Biography He was born in Salem, North Carolina, and was the son of Moravian Bishop Emil de Schweinitz. He attended Nazareth Area High School in Nazareth, Pennsylvania and Moravian College in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and received a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina in 1882 and another from Göttingen in 1886.

#6174

Karl Friedrich Plattner

1800 - 1858 (58 years)

Karl Friedrich Plattner was a German metallurgical chemist. He was born at Kleinwaltersdorf, near Freiberg in the Electorate of Saxony, on 2 January 1800. His father, though only a poor working miner, found the means to have him educated first at the Bergschule and then at the Bergakademie of Freiberg. After he had completed his courses there in 1820 he obtained employment, chiefly as an assayer, in connexion with the royal mines and metal works. Having taken up the idea of quantitative mouth blowpipe assaying, which was then almost unknown, he succeeded in devising dependable methods for all the ordinary useful metals.

#6175

Samuel Lewis Penfield

1856 - 1906 (50 years)

Samuel Lewis Penfield was an American analytic chemist, mineralogist, and crystallographer who first obtained the chemical structures of more than two dozen naturally occurring minerals. Biography Penfield prepared for college at the Catskill Academy and the academy at Wilbraham, Massachusetts. He matriculated at Yale in the Sheffield Scientific School in 1873, graduating with honors in 1877 and becoming a scientific assistant in chemistry and in mineralology. Except for brief periods abroad, in Germany , his entire subsequent career was to be at Yale. In early work, He analyzed the then-new ...

#6176

Giuseppe Oddo

1865 - 1954 (89 years)

Giuseppe Oddo was an Italian chemist. The Oddo–Harkins rule is named after him and William Draper Harkins. He published his findings in 1914 in a German journal.

#6177

Edward Barnes

1892 - 1941 (49 years)

Edward Barnes was a professor of chemistry at the Madras Christian College and also an amateur botanist. He described several new species of Sonerila, Impatiens and Arisaema from the hills of Tamil Nadu.

#6178

Arthur Connell

1794 - 1863 (69 years)

Arthur Connell FRS FRSE was a Scottish chemist and mineralogist. The mineral Connellite is named after him. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society of London. Life He was born in Edinburgh on 30 November 1794, the son of Sir John Connell , Judge of the Admiralty Court and his wife, Margaret Campbell . His paternal grandfather was Arthur Connell, Lord Provost of Glasgow.

#6179

Arthur W. Thomas

1891 - 1982 (91 years)

Arthur Waldorf Thomas was a professor and chemist who specialized in colloid chemistry. He studied and taught at Columbia University for 50 years. Education and employment Thomas was born in New Brunswick. The full tenure of Thomas' career was at Columbia University, where he received his bachelor's degree in 1912, his A.M. in 1914, and his Ph.D. in 1915. Thomas was an instructor in food chemistry from 1912 to 1917, an assistant professor from 1919 to 1923, and an associate professor from 1923 to 1928. He became full professor of chemistry in 1928. He died in New York, N. Y.

#6180

Nikolay Belov

1891 - 1982 (91 years)

Nikolay Vasilyevich Belov was a Soviet and Russian crystallographer, geochemist, academician , and Hero of Socialist Labour . Belov founded the field of polychromatic symmetry. Honours and awards Hero of Socialist Labour Four Orders of Lenin Order of the October Revolution Order of the Red Banner of Labour Medal "For the Defence of Moscow" Medal "For Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" Medal "In Commemoration of the 800th Anniversary of Moscow" Medal "For Labour Valour" Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" Stalin Priz...

#6181

Morton Masius

1883 - 1979 (96 years)

Morton Masius was a German-American physical chemist. He was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 1928. Biography His parents were Alfred Masius, a translator for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and his wife Edith, née Bailey. Morton Massius's paternal grandfather was Hermann Masius, a professor of pedagogy. Morton Masius attended the humanistic St. Thomas School, Leipzig. After completing his Abitur, he studied physical chemistry at the Leipzig University and received in 1908 his Dr. rer. nat. with a dissertation supervised by Herbert Max Finlay Freundlich. In 1910 in Leipzig, Morton Masius married Paula Marie Wagner, daughter of a wealthy Leipzig family.

#6182

Thomas Stewart Traill

Thomas Stewart Traill

1781 - 1862 (81 years)

Thomas Stewart Traill was a British physician, chemist, meteorologist, zoologist and scholar of medical jurisprudence. He was the grandfather of the physicist, meteorologist and geologist Robert Traill Omond FRSE .

#6183

Elizabeth Herriott

1882 - 1936 (54 years)

Elizabeth Maude Herriott was a New Zealand scientist and academic. She was the first woman appointed to the permanent teaching staff at Canterbury College, now the University of Canterbury. Education Herriott was born in Canterbury in 1882. Her parents were David and Elizabeth Susannah Herriott. Herriott attended Christchurch East School and Christchurch Girls' High School, where she was head prefect in 1899. She won a scholarship to attend Canterbury College, and studied botany and chemistry there from 1900 to 1905. She graduated with a B.A. in 1904 and a M.A. in 1905. Her Master's research ...

#6184

Ivan Orlov

1886 - 1936 (50 years)

Ivan Efimovich Orlov was a Russian philosopher, a forerunner of relevant and other substructural logics, and an industrial chemist. The date of his death is unknown, but is most likely between 1936 and 1937.

#6185

Olive Wheeler

1886 - 1963 (77 years)

Dame Olive Annie Wheeler, DBE was a Welsh educationist and psychologist, and Professor of Education at University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, now Cardiff University. Early life Born at the High Street in Brecon, Olive Wheeler was the younger daughter of Annie Wheeler, Poole, and her husband, Henry Burford Wheeler. Henry Wheeler was a master printer and publisher. She attended Brecon County School for Girls. She received an Honours Central Welsh Board Certificate in 1904. She attended University College of Wales, Aberystwyth and graduated with a BSc in Chemistry in 1907, and a MSc in 1911.

#6186

Johann Andreas Scherer

Johann Andreas Scherer

1755 - 1844 (89 years)

Johann Baptist Andreas Ritter von Scherer was an Austrian chemist and botanist. Scherer was born in Prague. He studied chemistry at the universities of Prague and Vienna, receiving his doctorate in 1782. As a student his instructors included botanists Joseph Gottfried Mikan and Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin. In 1797 he became a professor of chemistry at the Theresianum in Vienna, followed by a professorship at the Polytechnic Institute in Prague . From 1807 to 1834 he was a professor of specialized natural history at the University of Vienna.

#6187

John M. Ottaway

1939 - 1986 (47 years)

Prof John Michael Ottaway FRSE FRIC FRSC was a short-lived 20th century British analytical chemist. He was an expert in atomic absorption spectroscopy . Life John Michael Ottaway was born in New Malden on 22 August 1939, the only child of John S. Ottaway and Vera . He studied Chemistry under Professor Bishop at the University of Exeter graduating with honours in 1961. He continued as a postgraduate studying analysis, and gaining his doctorate in 1965. He had begun lecturing in analytical chemistry in 1963 at Exeter and in 1966 began lecturing at the University of Strathclyde. He was promoted...

#6188

Ossian Schauman

Ossian Schauman

1862 - 1922 (60 years)

Julius Ossian Schauman was one of the founders of the Swedish-speaking non-governmental organization Folkhälsan, which provides social welfare and health care services in Finland. He was also the younger brother of Wilhelm Schauman.

#6189

Georg Dedichen

1870 - 1942 (72 years)

Georg Maria Dedichen was a Norwegian chemist. Biography He was born in Modum as a son of physician Hans Gabriel Sundt Dedichen and his wife Caroline Henriette Fredrikke Thaulow . He was a brother of psychiatrist Henrik Dedichen and a maternal grandson of Heinrich Arnold Thaulow. He attended Trondheim Technical School . He continued his studies in Kristiania, Wiesbaden and Kiel.

#6190

Zada Mary Cooper

1875 - 1961 (86 years)

Zada Mary Cooper was an American pharmacist and educator. Biography Born in Quasqueton, Iowa in 1875, Zada Mary Cooper graduated from the University of Iowa College of Pharmacy in 1897 and became a registered pharmacist on March 9 of that year. Beginning as an assistant, she worked at the College of Pharmacy for 45 years, becoming an instructor in 1905, an assistant professor in 1912, and an associate professor in 1942.

#6191

David Templeton Gibson

1899 - 1985 (86 years)

David Templeton Gibson FRSE was a British chemist who spent his entire career at the University of Glasgow. Life He was born in Ireland on 23 November 1899, the son of Thomas Henry Gibson, a barrister, and his wife, Jessie Templeton. He attended Bangor Grammar School then his family moved to Scotland where he attended Ayr Academy from 1910-1917. He then returned to Ireland to study Science at the University of Belfast graduating MSc in 1921. He then went to the University of London for postgraduate studies gaining his first doctorate in 1923.

#6192

Ralph Harper McKee

Ralph Harper McKee

1874 - 1967 (93 years)

Ralph Harper McKee was a professor at the department of chemical engineering at Columbia University. He was the first person to be awarded a patent for a novel plant. Biography He was born on June 20, 1874, in Missouri to James T. McKee and Mary Frances Ricketts.

#6193

Rosa Bouton

1860 - 1951 (91 years)

Rosa Bouton was an American chemist and professor who organized and directed the School of Domestic Science at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln in 1898. Despite the lack of funding, Rosa Bouton worked to provide a course to teach young women about the realms of domestic science. As years passed and the demand for more courses and areas of study emerged, Bouton, as the sole instructor, continued to strengthen and build the department to provide such an education to these women.

#6194

Nellie M. Payne

1900 - 1990 (90 years)

Nellie M. Payne was an American entomologist and agricultural chemist. Her research on insect responses to low temperature had practical agricultural and environmental applications. Early life and education Emily Maria de Cottrell Payne was born in 1900, in Cheyenne Wells, Colorado, daughter of James E. Payne Sr. and Mary Emmeline Cottrell Payne. Her father was superintendent of an agricultural station. She had two brothers, Amos and James. She earned a bachelor's and master's degrees in agricultural chemistry and entomology from the Kansas State Agricultural College, and a Ph.D. in 1925 from the University of Minnesota.

#6195

Karl Arnold

1853 - 1929 (76 years)

Karl Arnold variously Carl Johann Moritz Arnold or Johann Karl Moritz Arnold was a German chemist and mountaineer. He served as Director and briefly as Vice-Chancellor of the Institute of Chemistry at the University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover. His published works on organic chemistry were of importance to veterinarians, medical students and pharmacists. He was also an accomplished alpinist and chairman of the Hanover section of the German-Austrian Alpine Association.

#6196

Charles Frédéric Kuhlmann

Charles Frédéric Kuhlmann

1803 - 1881 (78 years)

Charles Frédéric Kuhlmann was a French chemist who patented the reaction for converting ammonia to nitric acid, which was later used in the Ostwald process. He was both a research scientist and a professor at Université Lille Nord de France. He promoted chemical engineering education for science graduates in Lille and supported the development of École centrale de Lille .

#6197

John Michael Maisch

John Michael Maisch

1831 - 1893 (62 years)

John Michael Maisch was a United States pharmacist, the "father of adequate pharmaceutical legislation." Biography Germany John Michael Maisch was born in Hanau, Germany, the son of Conrad Maisch, a merchant. He received his early education in the free schools of Hanau. When he was 12, his parents apprenticed him to a goldsmith. This only lasted three days since school officials disapproved and demanded his return to academic studies. One of his teachers introduced him to the study of mineralogy and microscopy, and he did practical fieldwork in the Hanau vicinity. He conceived an ambition for a university education.

#6198

Kees Posthumus

1902 - 1972 (70 years)

Kees Posthumus was a Dutch chemist. He was the second rector magnificus of the Eindhoven University of Technology. Biography Kees Posthumus was born in Harlingen, Friesland, as the son of a wholesaler in wood. He attended HBS and then went on to study chemistry at the University of Groningen. He attained his propaedeuse there, whereupon he moved to the University of Leiden to continue his studies. While there he came into contact with Albert Einstein and with Johan Huizinga . Upon gaining his engineering degree he took a teaching position at the Christian HBS in Leiden, while working on his doctorate under prof.dr.

#6199

Henry Stephen

1889 - 1965 (76 years)

Henry Stephen OBE, DSc. was an English chemist known for inventing the Stephen Reaction, a method of deriving aldehydes from nitriles . Career Leonard Henry Nelson Stephen, later known as Henry Stephen, was born at 11 Dalton Terrace, Manchester, son of John Stephen, printer, and Mary Eliza .

#6200

Arthur Vogel

1905 - 1966 (61 years)

Arthur Israel Vogel was a British chemist known for his Chemistry textbooks. He became the head of the chemistry department at Woolwich Polytechnic at the age of 27. Academic career Vogel's first job was at Queen Mary University of London, continuing from his BSc, working with Professor J. R. Partington and achieving an MSc. After a short spell at University College London, he joined Imperial College London and the research school of Sir Jocelyn Field Thorpe. During his time there he received a D.Sc for his research on surface tension, electrochemistry, organic synthesis and sulphur chemist...

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