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List of the most influential people in Chemistry,

#6151

Kajetan Georg von Kaiser

1803 - 1871 (68 years)

Kajetan Georg von Kaiser was a German chemistry professor, researcher and inventor. Biography He was born at Kelheim on the Danube, in Bavaria, on 5 January 1803. He was appointed professor of technology at the University of Munich in 1851, and in 1868 became professor of applied chemistry at the Technical University Munich.

#6152

Ferdinand Reich

Ferdinand Reich

1799 - 1882 (83 years)

Ferdinand Reich was a German chemist who co-discovered indium in 1863 with Hieronymous Theodor Richter. Reich was born in Bernburg, Anhalt-Bernburg and died in Freiberg. He was color blind, or could only see in whites and blacks, and that is why Theodor Richter became his science partner. Richter would examine the colors produced in reactions that they studied.

#6153

William Henry Perkin

William Henry Perkin

1838 - 1907 (69 years)

Sir William Henry Perkin was a British chemist and entrepreneur best known for his serendipitous discovery of the first commercial synthetic organic dye, mauveine, made from aniline. Though he failed in trying to synthesise quinine for the treatment of malaria, he became successful in the field of dyes after his first discovery at the age of 18.

#6154

Alice Emily Smith

1871 - Present (155 years)

Alice Emily Smith was a British chemist and one of the nineteen signatories of the 1904 petition to the Chemical Society. Early life and education Smith was born 18 June 1871, the daughter of Thomas Smith, Commission Agent from County Down, Northern Ireland.

#6155

Philip Robertson

1884 - 1969 (85 years)

Philip Wilfred Robertson was a New Zealand chemist, university professor, and writer. Philip Robertson, son of Donald Robertson was born on 22 September 1884 and educated at Wellington College, where he was dux in 1900. He then graduated with an MA in chemistry from Victoria University of Wellington in 1905, followed by an MSc in 1906. He was awarded a Sir George Grey Scholarship, a Senior Scholarship and the Jacob Joseph Scholarship. He gained first-class honours in natural sciences at Trinity College, Oxford as a Rhodes Scholar, followed by a PhD at Leipzig University.

#6156

John Read

1884 - 1963 (79 years)

John Read FRS FRSE FCS FIC was a British chemist and scientific author. Life He was born on 17 February 1884 at Maiden Newton in Dorset, the son of John Read a farmer, and his wife, Bessie Gatcombe . His father was 70 years old when he was born but his mother was only 30. His father died when John was five years old.

#6157

Nils Peter Hamberg

Nils Peter Hamberg

1815 - 1902 (87 years)

Nils Peter Hamberg was a Swedish pharmacist and physician. He started teaching chemistry in 1861 and later on became a forensic chemist. Hamberg was the older brother to the missionary Knut Theodor Hamberg .

#6158

Robert Emerson

1903 - 1959 (56 years)

Robert Emerson was an American scientist noted for his discovery that plants have two distinct photosynthetic reaction centress. Family Emerson was born in 1903 in New York City, the son of Dr. Haven Emerson, Health Commissioner of New York City, and Grace Parrish Emerson, the sister of Maxfield Parrish. Emerson was the brother of John Haven Emerson the inventor of the iron lung.

#6159

Milda Dorothea Prytz

Milda Dorothea Prytz

1891 - 1977 (86 years)

Milda Dorethea Prytz was a Norwegian chemist. Early life and education Prytz was born in Leith, daughter of priest Anton Jakhelln Prytz and Milda Dorothea Olsen, and sister of goldsmith Eiler Hagerup Krog Prytz Jr. and Fascist politician Frederik Prytz. She grew up in Bergen, until she moved with her parents to Gloppen in 1904. She attended Bergen Cathedral School from 1908 to 1910.

#6160

Leonard Woodward

1903 - 1976 (73 years)

Leonard Ary Woodward was a British chemist who was associated with the University of Oxford for more than 30 years, and who was a leading authority in the field of Raman spectroscopy. Biography Woodward was born in Blandford, Dorset, England the son of Henry Martin Woodward, an electrical engineer, and Mary Ellen Woodward, educated at Lincoln College, Oxford, where he was a scholar and was awarded a first-class degree. He then went to the University of Leipzig where he obtained his doctorate. After teaching at the University of Nottingham and the University of Manchester, he worked for the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in the Fuel Research Station.

#6161

Xaver Landerer

1809 - 1885 (76 years)

Xaver Landerer was an author, doctor, physicist, chemist, pharmacist, botanist, and professor. He was the pharmacist to the first king of Greece Óthon. He wrote a large number of books about chemistry and pharmacology during the modern scientific revolution. He was the first chemistry professor in Greece along with Alexander Venizelos. He helped organize Greek higher education. He established the first laboratory for pharmaceuticals in Greece. He influenced Anastassios Christomanos, Anastasios Damvergis and Dimitris Orphanides.

#6162

Njål Hole

1914 - 1988 (74 years)

Njål Hole MBE was a Norwegian chemical engineer and nuclear physicist. His is research was primarily in the field of nuclear physics. Biography He was born in Hjørundfjord. He graduated from the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1938. From 1938 he was an assistant at Norwegian Institute of Technology.

#6163

Johann Adolph Wedel

Johann Adolph Wedel

1675 - 1747 (72 years)

Johann Adolph Wedel was a German professor of medicine. Wedel was the son of Georg Wolfgang Wedel, also a physician. He received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Jena in 1697. He published research works on camphor, fermentation, magnesium carbonate, the combustion of sulfur, and various medical issues.

#6164

Rudolph August Witthaus

1846 - 1915 (69 years)

Rudolph August Witthaus Jr. was an American physician, chemist, and toxicologist. He was the top authority on poisons in the United States and was a forensic toxicologist in many important capital murder cases of the late19th and early 20th centuries. He was also a survivor of the sinking of the SS Ville du Havre.

#6165

Mildred May Gostling

1873 - 1962 (89 years)

Mildred May Gostling , also published under her married name Mildred Mills, was an English chemist who completed research in carbohydrate chemistry. She was one of the nineteen signatories on a letter from professional female chemists to the Chemical Society requesting that women be accepted as Fellows to the Society.

#6166

Werner Kern

1906 - 1985 (79 years)

Werner Kern was a German chemist. Life Kern studied from 1924 to 1928 chemistry and physics in Freiburg and Heidelberg. The promotion took place in 1930 Hermann Staudinger, at which the habilitation on "The Poylacrylsäure, a model of the protein," followed. After a period in industrial research, he became in 1946 professor at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz called in, where he retired 1974th Core was in 1971 with Victor Günter Schulz of the first winner of the Hermann Staudinger price of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker.

#6167

Alexander William Bickerton

Alexander William Bickerton

1842 - 1929 (87 years)

Professor Alexander William Bickerton was the first professor of chemistry at Canterbury College in Christchurch, New Zealand. He is best known for teaching and mentoring Ernest Rutherford. He was a natural teacher though an eccentric one, who taught science in an exciting way. His differences were not limited to teaching as he formed a socialist community in Christchurch, which he later set up as a theme park. His partial impact theory explaining the appearance of temporary stars was the major work of his lifetime.

#6168

Dan Giușcă

1904 - 1988 (84 years)

Dan Giușcă was a Romanian geologist and a member of the Romanian Academy. Biography In 1927, Giușcă received his PhD in chemistry from the University of Cluj, having his theses on the morphotropic effect of closing of spiranic cycles. After finishing his degree, he was hired by Ludovic Mrazec at the Geologic Institute and at the University of Bucharest's Department of Mineralogy. In 1929, Giușcă obtained a scholarship at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, after which he worked in Germany at the laboratories of Paul Niggli and Wilhelm Eitel.

#6169

Elmer Peter Kohler

1865 - 1938 (73 years)

Elmer Peter Kohler was an American organic chemist who spent his career on the faculty at Bryn Mawr College and later at Harvard University. At both institutions, he was notable for his effectiveness in teaching.

#6170

John Mallet

1832 - 1912 (80 years)

John William Mallet FRS was an Irish chemist who lived and worked in the United States. Biography John William Mallet was born near Dublin to Robert Mallet and Cordelia Mallet . Robert Mallet was a civil engineer and a fellow of the Royal Society and other societies and had an ample scientific library which his son had explored. Before entering college, John was attending private lessons in chemistry and at the age of 17 was admitted to Trinity College Dublin, where he obtained the degree Bachelor of Arts in 1853. During his college years, Mallet assisted his father in seismological studies, ...

#6171

Sibyl M. Rock

1909 - 1981 (72 years)

Sibyl Martha Rock was an American inventor who was a pioneer in mass spectrometry and computing. Rock was a key person in Consolidated Engineering Corporation's mass spectrometry team at a time when mass spectrometers were first being commercialized for use by researchers and scientists. Rock was instrumental in developing mathematical techniques for analyzing the results from mass spectrometers, in developing an analog computer with Clifford Berry for analysis of equations, and in sustaining an ongoing dialog between engineers and customers involved in development of both the mass spectrome...

#6172

Paul Pfeiffer

1875 - 1951 (76 years)

Paul Pfeiffer was an influential German chemist. He received his Ph.D. at the University of Zurich, studying under Alfred Werner, the "father of coordination chemistry". His thesis, submitted in 1898, dealt with adducts of tin halides. Pfeiffer was considered Werner's most successful student and became Werner's assistant until, due to a dispute with his mentor, he left first for Rostock, then Karlsruhe, and finally Bonn. At Bonn, where he had studied as an undergraduate, he occupied Kekulé's chair.

#6173

Richard Henke

1900 - 1963 (63 years)

Richard Henke was an Austrian chemist and inventor. Life and Work Richard Henke originally came from a wealthy family of silk manufacturers in the Kingdom of Saxony. The family belonged to the educated middle class and lived in a town villa in Korneuburg, which was destroyed in bombing raids during the Second World War.

#6174

Johann Juncker

1679 - 1759 (80 years)

Johann Juncker was a German physician and chemist. Juncker was a leader in the Pietist reform movement as it applied to medicine. He directed the Francke Foundations and initiated approaches to medical practice, charitable treatment, and education at the University of Halle that influenced others internationally. He was a staunch proponent of Georg Ernst Stahl and helped to more clearly present Stahl's phlogiston theory of combustion.

#6175

Frank Austin Gooch

Frank Austin Gooch

1852 - 1929 (77 years)

Frank Austin Gooch was an American chemist and engineer. Biography He was born to Joshua G. & Sarah Gates Gooch in Watertown, Massachusetts. On his mother's side of the family, he was a descendant of Thomas Hastings who came from the East Anglia region of England to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1634.

#6176

Alfred Bird

1811 - 1878 (67 years)

Alfred Bird was an English food manufacturer and chemist. He was born in Nympsfield, Gloucestershire, England in 1811 and was later a pupil at King Edward's School, Birmingham. He was the inventor of a series of food products, most notably egg-free custard and baking powder. His father was a lecturer in astronomy at Eton College. His son Alfred Frederick Bird continued to develop the business after his father's death.

#6177

Johann Ludwig Hannemann

1640 - 1724 (84 years)

Johann Ludwig Hannemann was a professor of medicine who famously opposed the idea of the circulation of the blood. He studied the chemistry of phosphorus, gold, and hematite; wrote articles on metallurgy, botany, theology, and various medical topics. He was an adherent of the views of the ancients and pre-Renaissance alchemists. He trained his medical students according to the schools of Galen, Hippocrates, and Aristotle.

#6178

John Warner

1897 - 1989 (92 years)

John Christian Warner , known best as Jake Warner, was an American chemist who served as the fourth President of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Early life He was born in Goshen, Indiana to a farming family. He received his B.A. , M.A. , and Ph.D. all from the Indiana University, then worked as a research chemist for three Indiana companies. He took a teaching position at Carnegie Institute of Technology, today's Carnegie Mellon, in 1926.

#6179

Ruth Wheeler

1877 - 1948 (71 years)

Ruth Wheeler was an American chemist specialising in the field of nutrition and public education. Early life and education Ruth Wheeler was born on 5 August 1877 in Plains, Pennsylvania, to Jared Ward Wheeler and Martha Jane Wheeler . She was taught to read by her mother, and graduated from West Pittston High School in West Pittston, Pennsylvania. Her thinking was influenced by her Welsh grandfather, Rev. Dr. Evan Benjamin Evans, a minister concerned with feeding the poor.

#6180

Henry Granger Knight

Henry Granger Knight

1878 - 1942 (64 years)

Henry Granger Knight was an American chemist and soil scientist who served as chief of the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and as president of the American Institute of Chemists. He formerly served as dean of agriculture at the University of Wyoming, Oklahoma Agricultural College, and West Virginia University.

#6181

Otto Krayer

1899 - 1982 (83 years)

Otto Hermann Krayer was a German-American physician, pharmacologist and university professor. He was the only German scientist who refused on moral grounds to succeed a colleague who had been dismissed from his professorial chair by the National-Socialist government for anti-semitic reasons. Krayer voiced his opinion publicly and aggressively. The medical historian Udo Schagen entitled his historical analysis of Krayer: "Widerständiges Verhalten im Meer von Begeisterung, Opportunismus und Antisemitismus" or 'Resistant Behaviour in a Sea of Enthusiasm, Opportunism and Antisemitism'.

#6182

Henry Morton

1836 - 1902 (66 years)

Henry Jackson Morton was a United States scientist and the first president of the Stevens Institute of Technology. Education and early career He was the son of Rev. Henry Morton , a clergyman who was rector of St. James's church in Philadelphia for many years and a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania. Henry J. Morton graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1857, and became professor of physics and chemistry at the Episcopal Academy of Philadelphia in 1860. In 1863, he delivered a series of lectures on chemistry at the Franklin Institute. A year later, he was appointed resident secretary at Franklin Institute, where he continued his lectures.

#6183

Carl Wilhelm Correns

1893 - 1980 (87 years)

Carl Wilhelm Correns was a German geologist who pioneered the field of sedimentary petrology. He was noted as an influential teacher and for his textbook Einführung in die Mineralogie . Correns received the Roebling Medal of the Geological Society of America in 1976.

#6184

Alexander Killen Macbeth

1889 - 1957 (68 years)

Alexander Killen Macbeth CMG, DSc, FAA was born in Ireland on 11 August 1889 at Drumbuoy, Strabane, second son of William, a butcher, and Sarah Anna. He was educated at Queen’s University Belfast, and at University College London, where he was an 1851 Exhibition Scholar. He returned to Belfast and then, in 1919, to the University of St Andrews as a Senior Lecturer in Chemistry. From 1924 to 1928 he held the position of Reader in Chemistry at Durham University.

#6185

Edgar Wedekind

1870 - 1938 (68 years)

Edgar Leon Waldemar Otto Wedekind was a German chemist and teacher at Hannoversch-Münden. He was one of the signatories for the Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State .

#6186

E. E. Kurth

1895 - 1966 (71 years)

Ernest Edgar Kurth, also known as E. E. Kurth, is best known for his work at the University of Tasmania with investigations into the chemical constitution and properties of Tasmanian and New South Wales oil shales, for which he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Science in 1934. During WWII he gave special attention to the pyrolysis of timber and its trace elements. He was author of several papers on the subject and held a patent for improvements to charcoal kilns.

#6187

Gösta Ehrensvärd

1910 - 1980 (70 years)

Count Gösta Carl Henrik Ehrensvärd, was a Swedish chemist. Ehrensvärd graduated with a Ph.D. in physiological chemistry from Stockholm University College in 1942, and was simultaneously awarded the title as Docent. He became Docent in biochemistry at Karolinska Institute in 1948, Docent in medicinal chemistry and biochemistry in 1949-1950, and Docent in biochemistry at Stockholm University College in 1950. He was Laborator between 1952 and 1956, and was appointed Professor of biochemistry at Lund University in 1956. He was elected to the Royal Physiographic Society in Lund in 1956, and to the...

#6188

Charles Robert Sanger

Charles Robert Sanger

1860 - 1912 (52 years)

Charles Robert Sanger was a chemist and professor at Harvard University whose research centered on detecting and curing the causes of illness caused by chemicals in the home. Early life Sanger was born on August 31, 1860, in Boston, Massachusetts, the son of George Partridge Sanger and Elizabeth Sherburne . His father, a Harvard graduate, was a lawyer, editor, judge, first president of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Company and United States attorney for Massachusetts between 1873 and 1886. Sanger's mother was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. His great-grandfather, Thomas Thompson, was a U.S.

#6189

William Irvine

1743 - 1787 (44 years)

William Irvine FRSE was an 18th-century British doctor and chemist who served as assistant to Joseph Black in many of his important experiments. He twice served as President of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow: 1775 to 1777 and 1783 to 1785.

#6190

Annie Hutton Numbers

1897 - 1988 (91 years)

Annie Hutton Numbers was a Scottish chemist and academic. Early life Numbers was born on 6 March 1897 in Edinburgh to Maggie and Alexander Numbers. Her father was a joiner and cabinetmaker. She had one sister, Isabella, who was born about 1899. She attended Mrs Steele's Private School in Upper Gray Street in Edinburgh, then joined James Gillespie's High School in 1904, spending three years there. In 1907 she began her secondary education at Mary Erskine's Edinburgh Ladies' College until 1914.

#6191

Matthias Eduard Schweizer

1818 - 1860 (42 years)

Matthias Eduard Schweizer was a Swiss chemist who in 1857 invented Schweizer's reagent, in which cellulose can be dissolved to produce artificial silk or rayon. He was one of the pioneers of the synthetic textile industry.

#6192

William Rees Brebner Robertson

1881 - 1941 (60 years)

William Rees Brebner Robertson was an American zoologist and early cytogeneticist who discovered the chromosomal rearrangement named in his honour, Robertsonian translocation, the most common structural chromosomal abnormalities seen in humans that result in syndromes of multiple malformations, including trisomy 13 Patau syndrome and trisomy 21 Down syndrome.

#6193

Edouard Henri von Baumhauer

1820 - 1885 (65 years)

Edouard Hendrik von Baumhauer was a Dutch chemist who served as a professor at the University of Amsterdam. Baumhauer came from a family of German origin some of whom had settled in Maastricht as merchants. Edouard's grandfather had established the trading firm "Goddard Cappel en Zonen". Edouard's was the third son of Willem Theodoor, Advocate General the Supreme Court of Brussels. After studied literature at the University of Utrecht he took an interest in the natural sciences and became an assistant of Gerrit Jan Mulder in 1843. One of his early works was on the composition of meteorites. He received a doctorate in 1844 and differences with Mulder led him to leave Utrecht for Maastricht.

#6194

Otto Saly Binswanger

Otto Saly Binswanger

1854 - 1917 (63 years)

Otto Saly Binswanger was a German-American chemist and toxicologist. Life Born to the noted Binswanger family and of German-Jewish descent, Otto Saly Binswanger was raised and schooled in Augsburg.

#6195

Emil Alexander de Schweinitz

1866 - 1904 (38 years)

Emil Alexander de Schweinitz was an American bacteriologist. Biography He was born in Salem, North Carolina, and was the son of Moravian Bishop Emil de Schweinitz. He attended Nazareth Area High School in Nazareth, Pennsylvania and Moravian College in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and received a Ph.D. from the University of North Carolina in 1882 and another from Göttingen in 1886.

#6196

Karl Friedrich Plattner

1800 - 1858 (58 years)

Karl Friedrich Plattner was a German metallurgical chemist. He was born at Kleinwaltersdorf, near Freiberg in the Electorate of Saxony, on 2 January 1800. His father, though only a poor working miner, found the means to have him educated first at the Bergschule and then at the Bergakademie of Freiberg. After he had completed his courses there in 1820 he obtained employment, chiefly as an assayer, in connexion with the royal mines and metal works. Having taken up the idea of quantitative mouth blowpipe assaying, which was then almost unknown, he succeeded in devising dependable methods for all the ordinary useful metals.

#6197

Samuel Lewis Penfield

1856 - 1906 (50 years)

Samuel Lewis Penfield was an American analytic chemist, mineralogist, and crystallographer who first obtained the chemical structures of more than two dozen naturally occurring minerals. Biography Penfield prepared for college at the Catskill Academy and the academy at Wilbraham, Massachusetts. He matriculated at Yale in the Sheffield Scientific School in 1873, graduating with honors in 1877 and becoming a scientific assistant in chemistry and in mineralology. Except for brief periods abroad, in Germany , his entire subsequent career was to be at Yale. In early work, He analyzed the then-new ...

#6198

Giuseppe Oddo

1865 - 1954 (89 years)

Giuseppe Oddo was an Italian chemist. The Oddo–Harkins rule is named after him and William Draper Harkins. He published his findings in 1914 in a German journal.

#6199

Edward Barnes

1892 - 1941 (49 years)

Edward Barnes was a professor of chemistry at the Madras Christian College and also an amateur botanist. He described several new species of Sonerila, Impatiens and Arisaema from the hills of Tamil Nadu.

#6200

Arthur Connell

1794 - 1863 (69 years)

Arthur Connell FRS FRSE was a Scottish chemist and mineralogist. The mineral Connellite is named after him. He was a Fellow of the Royal Society of London. Life He was born in Edinburgh on 30 November 1794, the son of Sir John Connell , Judge of the Admiralty Court and his wife, Margaret Campbell . His paternal grandfather was Arthur Connell, Lord Provost of Glasgow.

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