The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
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List of the most influential people in Chemistry,
#6901
Charles Anthony Goessmann
1827 - 1910 (83 years)
Charles Anthony Goessmann , known in his native German as Karl Anton Gößmann, was a Massachusetts agricultural and food chemist. Biography Education Goessmann was born in Naumburg, Germany. He was educated at the gymnasium in Fritzlar. After leaving the gymnasium, he became an apprentice pharmacist, and worked as an assistant pharmacist in several towns. He studied under Friedrich Wöhler in the University of Göttingen, where he received the degree of Ph.D. in 1853. From 1852 until 1857, he was assistant in the chemical laboratory, and privatdocent in the university. During this time, he stud...
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Sir John Conroy, 3rd Baronet
1845 - 1900 (55 years)
Sir John Conroy, 3rd Baronet, FRS was an English analytical chemist. Conroy was born in Kensington, west London, the son of Sir Edward Conroy, 2nd Baronet and Lady Alicia Conroy. He was descended from the Ó Maolconaire family of Elphin, County Roscommon. The family had been the hereditary Ollamhs to the O'Connor Kings of Connacht. He was descended from Maoilin Ó Maolchonaire who was the last recognised Chief of the Sept. He was educated at Eton College and then Christ Church, Oxford, also the college of his father, where he read Natural Science, gaining a first class degree in 1868. His tuto...
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Dionýz Ilkovič
1907 - 1980 (73 years)
Dionýz Ilkovič was a Czechoslovak physicist and physical chemist of Rusyn ethnicity. Along with Nobel laureate Jaroslav Heyrovský, he helped to establish theoretical basis of polarography. In this field, he is the author of an important result, the Ilkovic's equation. He was also one of the leading figures in modern university-level physics education in Slovakia.
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John M. Darby
1804 - 1877 (73 years)
John M. Darby was an American botanist, chemist, and academic. He created the first systematic catalogue of flora in the southeastern United States. Biography Darby was born in North Adams, Massachusetts in 1804. At the age of ten, his father died, and he was apprenticed to a fuller. At the age of 23, he entered Williams College, and graduating with an Artium Magister degree from that institution in 1831. After graduation, he was an instructor at Williamstown Academy, and later at Barhamville Seminary in Columbia, South Carolina. In 1841, he published the first compilation of the botany o...
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Charles Upham Shepard
1804 - 1886 (82 years)
Charles Upham Shepard was an American mineralogist. Biography He graduated from Amherst College in 1824, and spent a year in Cambridge, Massachusetts, studying botany and mineralogy with Thomas Nuttall, and at the same time gave instructed on these topics in Boston. The study of mineralogy led to his preparation of papers on that subject which he sent to the American Journal of Science, and in this manner he became acquainted with Benjamin Silliman, the elder. He was invited in 1827 to become Silliman's assistant, and continued so until 1831. Meanwhile, for a year he was curator of Franklin H...
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Christian Friedrich Bucholz
1770 - 1818 (48 years)
Christian Friedrich Bucholz was a German pharmaceutical chemist who is credited with the isolation of the oleoresin capsaicin in a crude form from chilli peppers using solvent extraction in 1816. Life and work Bucholz was born in Eisleben and his father worked as an apothecary. When his father died when he was still five years old, his mother married a pharmacist in Erfurt named Voigt who along with an uncle W.H.S. Bucholz trained the young boy in laboratory techniques. In 1784 he went to apprentice under the Kassel pharmacist Karl Wilhelm Fiedler and in 1794 published his first paper on the crystallization of barium acetate.
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Mary Lura Sherrill
1888 - 1968 (80 years)
Mary Lura Sherrill was recognized for her achievements in chemical research, particularly the synthesis of antimalarial compounds, and for her teaching at Mount Holyoke College. In 1947, she received the Garvan Medal, an award for women in chemistry.
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Robert Hallowell Richards
1844 - 1945 (101 years)
Robert Hallowell Richards was an American mining engineer, metallurgist, and educator, born at Gardiner, Maine. In 1868, with the first class to leave the institution, he graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and there he taught for 46 years, becoming professor of mineralogy and assaying in 1871, head of the department of mining engineering in 1873, and in 1884 professor also of metallurgy. The laboratories which he established at the Institute were the first of their kind in the world. He retired in 1914.
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J. Lawrence Smith
1818 - 1883 (65 years)
John Lawrence Smith was an American chemist and mineralogist. He published extensively on analytical chemistry and mineralogy, including Mineralogy and Chemistry, Original Researches . His collection of meteorites was the finest in the United States, and upon his death, he passed it to Harvard. The J. Lawrence Smith Medal is named in his honor.
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William Lofland Dudley
1859 - 1914 (55 years)
William Lofland Dudley was an American chemistry professor at both the University of Cincinnati and Vanderbilt University and an athletics pioneer during the Progressive Era. At Vanderbilt, he was appointed dean of its medical department. He was also once vice-president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and was notably director of affairs on the Tennessee Centennial Exposition executive committee.
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Johann Trommsdorff
1770 - 1837 (67 years)
Johann Bartholomew Trommsdorff , was a German chemist and pharmacist noted for his 1805 Systematisches Handbuch der Gesammten Chemie ; a work that was published in eight volumes. He was the son of Wilhelm Bernhard Trommsdorff , a pharmacist and a chemistry teacher at the University of Erfurt. His father died when he was twelve, causing the family financial difficulties. In 1784, Johann began work as an apprentice-pharmacist at the Hofapotheke in Weimar under his father's friend Wilhelm Heinrich Sebastian Bucholz and Johann Friedrich August Göttling. From 1788, he furthered his education in S...
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Wilhelm Traube
1866 - 1942 (76 years)
Wilhelm Traube was a German chemist. Biography Traube was born at Ratibor in Prussian Silesia, a son of the famous private scholar Moritz Traube. After studying law for a short time, he studied chemistry in Heidelberg, Breslau , Munich and Berlin. Among his tutors were August Wilhelm von Hofmann, Adolf von Baeyer and Karl Friedrich Rammelsberg. In 1888 he received his doctorate "Über die Additionsprodukte der Cyansäure". Since 1897 Traube was assistant at the Pharmakological Institute in Berlin, since 1902 assistant at the Pharmaceutical Institute and "Titularprofessor". In 1911 he became an associate professor and 1929 a full professor.
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Dennis F. Evans
1928 - 1990 (62 years)
Dennis Frederick Evans was an English chemist who made important contributions to nuclear magnetic resonance, magnetochemistry and other aspects of chemistry. Early life Evans was born in Nottingham, England on 28 March 1928. His father George Frederick Evans was a master carpenter and his mother was a dressmaker. He was educated at Huntingdon Street Junior School and then won a scholarship to Nottingham High School. In 1946 he entered Oxford with a scholarship to Lincoln College where his tutor was Rex Richards . He won the university Gibbs Prize in Chemistry in 1949, and in that year star...
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Charlotte Fitch Roberts
1859 - 1917 (58 years)
Charlotte Fitch Roberts was an American chemist best known for her work on stereochemistry. Life Roberts was born on February 13, 1859, in New York City to Horace Roberts and Mary Roberts . Education and career Roberts attended Wellesley College in 1880. Wellesley made her a graduate assistant in 1881, an instructor in 1882, and an associate professor in 1886. In 1885 she spent a year at Cambridge University working with Sir James Dewar, a chemist and physicist. In 1896 she published The Development and Present Aspects of Stereochemistry. She obtained a PhD from Yale in 1894 and a post at the University of Berlin from 1899 to 1900.
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Robert Fulford Ruttan
1856 - 1930 (74 years)
Robert Fulford Ruttan, was a Canadian chemist and university professor. Biography Born in Newburgh, Canada West, the son of Dr. Allan Ruttan, a physician, and Caroline Smith, Ruttan's family moved to Napanee around 1863. He received a Bachelor of Arts in natural science degree in 1881 from the University of Toronto. He received his M.D. in 1884 from McGill University, where he also participated in the establishment of the zeta psi fraternity. He never practiced medicine, but rather did postgraduate studies in organic chemistry with August Wilhelm von Hofmann at the University of Berlin.
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Pompejus Bolley
1812 - 1870 (58 years)
Pompejus Alexander Bolley was a German-Swiss chemist known for his work in dye chemistry. From 1831 to 1836 he studied mineralogy and chemistry at the University of Heidelberg, where for a period of time he was an assistant to Leopold Gmelin. From 1838 to 1855 he was a professor of chemistry at the cantonal school in Aarau. He was a co-founder of the Federal Polytechnic School in Zürich, where from 1855 to 1870 he served as a professor of chemical technology. From 1859–65 he was also director of the school — in 1864 he was the target of student protests against his strict school policies.
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Edwin Emery Slosson
1865 - 1929 (64 years)
Edwin Emery Slosson was an American magazine editor, writer, journalist and chemist. He was the first head of Science Service, and a notable popularizer of science. Family background and education Slosson was born in Albany, Kansas, the son of William Butler Slosson and his wife, the former Achsah Louise Lilly. His parents were pioneers who had moved from New York State to Kansas in 1857. William Slosson ran the first general store in Albany. A supporter of free state status for Kansas, he helped to organize a branch of the Underground Railroad and ran a "station" where escaping slaves were ...
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Arthur George Green
1864 - 1941 (77 years)
Arthur George Green FRS was a British organic chemist. Career He was educated at Lancing College and University College London. In 1887, Green was working in London for the Brooke, Simpson and Spiller company when he discovered the aniline based dye primuline. In 1894, Green accepted a job with the Clayton Aniline Company as manager of their dyestuff department, a post he held until 1901. From 1902 until 1916, he was Professor of Tinctorial Chemistry at the University of Leeds. In 1916, Green joined the Levinstein company as Director of Research. He resigned from the company in 1923.
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Rachel Lloyd
1839 - 1900 (61 years)
Rachel Lloyd was an American chemist who studied the chemistry and agriculture of sugar beets . She studied at the Harvard Summer School and earned her doctorate from the University of Zurich in 1886. She was the first American woman to earn a doctorate of chemistry and the first woman to publish work in a major chemistry journal.
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Carl Scheibler
1827 - 1899 (72 years)
Carl Wilhelm Bernhard Scheibler was a German chemist. Scheibler's research focused on sugar, including the technical chemistry of sugar production and the composition of molasses. Scheibler was born the son of Friedrich August Theodor Scheibler and Anna Gertrud Eschweiler in Gemereth/Eupen, at that time a small town close to the Belgian border. He went to school in Aachen and studied chemistry at the University of Berlin. He received his PhD for his work De Wolframiatibus. Scheibler worked with Gustav Werther in Königsberg and from 1858 at the Pommersche Provinzial-Zuckersiederei in Stetti...
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Patrick Linstead
1902 - 1966 (64 years)
Sir Patrick Linstead CBE, DSc, HonDSc, DIC, HonFCGI, HonMIMM, FRS was an English chemist. Biography Patrick Linstead was born on 28 August 1902 in Southgate, London, the second son of Edward Flatman Linstead, advertising manager for Burroughs Wellcome, and Florence Evelyn, née Hester. After primary education in Southgate, Linstead attended the City of London School from the age of 11 to 17, where the science master, George H J Adlam, was a considerable influence. He joined Imperial College in 1920 and graduated three years later with first class honours, before continuing to a PhD in Sir Joc...
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John Howard Appleton
1844 - 1930 (86 years)
John Howard Appleton was an American chemist. Appleton was born in Portland, Maine, February 3, 1844. He was graduated at Brown University with bachelor of philosophy degree in 1863, the following year became instructor in chemistry there, and in 1868 was elected professor of chemistry and applied arts which he held till his mandatory retirement at the age of 70 in 1914. He was State Sealer of Weights and Measures and also chemist for the State Board of Agriculture. He was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and was named an honorary member of the American Institute of Chemistry in 1928.
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Friedrich Heeren
1803 - 1885 (82 years)
Friedrich Heeren was a German chemist. He received his doctorate in Göttingen, and from 1831 was an instructor of technological-chemical subjects at the Polytechnic School in Hannover . Here he taught classes in physics, mineralogy and chemistry.
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William Klyne
1913 - 1977 (64 years)
William Klyne was an organic chemist known for his work in steroids and stereochemistry — a field in which he was a "pioneer", and in which Ernest Eliel and Norman Allinger described him as "one of the world's experts".
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George Murray Burnett
1921 - 1980 (59 years)
George Murray Burnett FRSE FRSA FRIC LLD was a Scottish mathematician and chemist. He served as both Principal and Vice-Chancellor of Heriot-Watt University from 1974 until 1980. He is largely remembered for his work on polymer reactions.
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Robert Schiff
1854 - 1940 (86 years)
Robert Schiff was a Free City of Frankfurt-born, Italian chemist. He was the son of physiologist Moritz Schiff and Claudia Trier. He successively was a student at the University of Heidelberg, then at the University of Zürich, where he obtained a doctorate in 1876. He then became an assistant to Stanislao Cannizzaro at Sapienza University of Rome, and in 1879 was appointed professor of chemistry at the University of Modena. In 1892 he relocated as a professor to the University of Pisa.
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Jean-Baptiste Van Mons
1765 - 1842 (77 years)
Jean-Baptiste Van Mons was a Belgian physicist, chemist, botanist, horticulturist and pomologist, and professor of chemistry and agronomy at Louvain . Van Mons carried out the first recorded selective breeding of the European Pear through cycles of seed propagation.
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C. W. L. Bevan
1920 - 1989 (69 years)
Cecil Wilfrid Luscombe "Bill" Bevan, CBE was a Welsh chemist, academic, and academic administrator. He was Principal of University College, Cardiff from 1966 to 1987. He was additionally Vice-Chancellor of the University of Wales for two terms: 1973 to 1975 and 1981 to 1983.
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Tu Tsung-ming
1893 - 1986 (93 years)
Tu Tsung-ming , was the first Doctor of Medical Sciences of Taiwan. He was born in Tamsui in 1893, trained as a physician at Taiwan Governor's Medical School, and received his doctorate degree from Kyoto Imperial University in 1922. He became the first Taiwanese professor in Japan's pre-1945 imperial university system, at Taihoku Imperial University . His pharmacology research lab was the cradle of medical research in Taiwan. The laboratory did pioneering research on methods to treat opium addiction, on the toxicology of snake venom, and on the pharmacology of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Francis Grant Ogilvie
1858 - 1930 (72 years)
Sir Francis Grant Ogilvie CB FRSE was a Scottish educator, museum director, and scientist. Birth, parentage and early career Ogilvie was born in Monymusk, Aberdeenshire, the eldest son of the Reverend Alexander Ogilvie, headmaster of Robert Gordon's College, Aberdeen, and his wife Maria Matilda . His younger sister, Dame Maria Gordon, was an eminent scientist in the fields of geology and palaeontology.
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Samuel Soloveichik
1909 - 1967 (58 years)
Dr. Samuel Soloveichik was an Orthodox Jewish chemist and talmudist. Early life Born in Pruzhany, Samuel Soloveichik was the second son of Rabbi Moshe Soloveichik. He was the brother of rabbis Joseph Soloveitchik and Ahron Soloveichik . He had two sisters, Mrs. Shulamith Meiselman , and Mrs. Anne Gerber .
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Jacques-Marie-Frangile Bigot
1818 - 1893 (75 years)
Jacques Marie Frangile Bigot was a French naturalist and entomologist most noted for his studies of Diptera. Bigot was born in Paris, France, where he lived all his life, though he had a small house in Quincy-sous-Sénart, Essonne. He became a member of the Entomological Society of France in 1844, and his first paper was published in its Annals in 1845, as was most of his later work. Bigot was a prolific author, and, like Francis Walker, his work was the subject of much later criticism.
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Chester Dewey
1784 - 1867 (83 years)
Chester Dewey was an American botanist, antislavery activist, clergyman and educator. Early life Chester Dewey was born in Sheffield, Massachusetts, on October 25, 1784, to Elizabeth Owen and Stephen Dewey. He studied for the ministry at Williams College, graduated in 1806, and officiated at Tryingham, Massachusetts. Even though he gave up preaching as his primary profession after only a few months, he never really retired from the pulpit. He also assisted his brother, Loring D. Dewey in his efforts to create a school of U.S. Blacks. For the remainder of his life he accepted frequent invita...
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Ernst Schulze
1840 - 1912 (72 years)
Ernst Schulze was a German chemist who discovered a number of amino acids. Biography Schulze's grandfather was the philosopher and privy counsellor Gottlob Ernst Schulze, and his father held public office in the town where he was born: Bovenden near Göttingen. After completing school, Schulze studied chemistry at the University of Göttingen. Among his professors were Friedrich Wöhler and Heinrich Limpricht. He completed his final semester at Heidelberg, where he completed his studies under Robert Wilhelm Bunsen. Schulze then traveled to Jena, where he completed his doctoral studies as the ass...
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Pierre Gallezot
#6936
Karl Seubert
1851 - 1942 (91 years)
Karl Friedrich Otto Seubert was a prominent German chemist notable for his work on atomic weights of platinum elements. He was the son of the German botanist Moritz August Seubert and Maria Seubert.
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Albert Benjamin Prescott
1832 - 1905 (73 years)
Albert Benjamin Prescott was an American chemist. He graduated in medicine at the University of Michigan in 1864, and was made assistant professor of organic and applied chemistry, dean of the school of pharmacy, and director of the chemical laboratory over the years. Professor Prescott served as president of the American Chemical Society in 1886, president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1891, and president of the American Pharmacists Association in 1900. During his tenure as Dean at the University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Prescott encouraged the foundation of what is now the Phi Delta Chi professional pharmacy fraternity.
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Charles Soret
1854 - 1904 (50 years)
Charles Soret was a Swiss physicist and chemist. He is known for his work on thermodiffusion . Life Charles Soret was the son of Jacques-Louis Soret, professor of physical medicine at University of Geneva, and Clémentine Odier. In 1872, Charles graduated from an art college in Geneva and, two years later, he added a degree in mathematics. In addition, he also attended lectures in physics and other sciences. He continued studies in mathematics at the Sorbonne, where he received his MA in 1876. He believed that a good physicist is first of all a good mathematician; therefore, only afterward...
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Charles M. Wetherill
1825 - 1871 (46 years)
Charles M. Wetherill was an American chemist. In 1862, he was appointed the first head of the Chemical Division in the newly organized U.S. Department of Agriculture, a unit that eventually became the Food and Drug Administration.
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Richard Lorenz
1863 - 1929 (66 years)
Richard Lorenz was an Austrian chemist. He was the son of historian Ottokar Lorenz. He studied chemistry at the Universities of Vienna and Jena, receiving his doctorate in 1888 with a dissertation on the valence of boron, "Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Valenz des Bors". After graduation, he worked as an assistant in the biological institute at the University of Rostock. In 1892 he obtained his habilitation in physical chemistry at University of Göttingen.
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Gustav Kortüm
1904 - 1990 (86 years)
Gustav Ferdinand Albert Kortüm was a German physical chemist and electrochemist. Kortüm was the son of a pastor and studied chemistry at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology from 1922. In 1928 he received his doctorate under Georg Bredig with a thesis on the synthesis of hydrocyanic acid from carbon monoxide and ammonia. He then worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Berlin and from 1929 was assistant to Johannes Ludwig Ebert in Würzburg. From 1931 he was an assistant to Hans von Halban at the University of Zürich. From 1...
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Patrick Dunbar Ritchie
1907 - 1981 (74 years)
Patrick Dunbar Ritchie FRSE FRSC FPRI LLD was a 20th-century British chemist of Scots descent. Apart from being a noted chemist, he was an artist, fine art conservator, philatelist, ornithologist and mountaineer. His friends knew him as Pat Ritchie.
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John Griscom
1774 - 1852 (78 years)
John Griscom was an early American lecturer and educator, and one of the first American educators to teach chemistry. Biography John Griscom was born in Hancock's Bridge, New Jersey on September 27, 1774.
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Edmund Speyer
1878 - 1942 (64 years)
Jakob Edmund Speyer was a high-ranking German university lecturer and chemist of Jewish descent. He was persecuted during the National Socialist era, losing his profession and his livelihood. He was deported to the Lodz ghetto, where he died in 1942.
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Isabel Bevier
1860 - 1942 (82 years)
Isabel Bevier was one of the pioneers in the development of the scientific study of women’s labor in the home, today known as "home economics". In 1900 she began developing the “household science” program at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
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Rudolf Friedrich Weinland
1865 - 1936 (71 years)
Rudolf Heinrich Friedrich Weinland was a German pharmaceutical chemist. He was the son of zoologist David Friedrich Weinland . From 1887 he studied at the Polytechnic in Stuttgart and at the University of Erlangen, receiving his doctorate from the latter institution in 1891. From 1892 he worked as an assistant to Albert Hilger in the chemistry laboratory at the University of Munich, where in 1899 he obtained his habilitation for pharmaceutical chemistry. In 1902 he was named an associate professor at the University of Tübingen, then in 1920 relocated to Würzburg as head of the department of p...
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Karl Elbs
1858 - 1933 (75 years)
Karl Elbs was a German chemist. He is credited with developing the Elbs reaction for the synthesis of anthracene. He is also responsible for the Elbs persulfate oxidation. From 1877 he studied natural sciences at the University of Freiburg, receiving his doctorate in 1880 under the direction of Adolf Karl Ludwig Claus. In 1887 he obtained his habilitation, then in 1894 was named a full professor at the University of Giessen, where he served as director of the physico-chemistry laboratory.
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Susan Hayhurst
1820 - 1909 (89 years)
Susan Hayhurst was an American physician, pharmacist, and educator, and the first woman to earn a pharmaceutical degree in the United States. Early life and education Susan Hayhurst was born in Middletown Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Quakers Thomas and Martha Hayhurst. She attended school in Wilmington, Delaware and excelled in mathematics. While a young girl, she worked as a teacher at country schools in Bucks County. Taking an interest in chemistry and physiology, she enrolled at the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, and graduated with a degree in medicine in...
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Ayşe Saffet Rıza Alpar
1903 - 1981 (78 years)
Ayşe Saffet Rıza Alpar was the first female university rector in Turkey. She is also the second female chemist of the country after Remziye Hisar. Ayşe Saffet Rıza was born to Hasan Rıza Pasha on 17 April 1903. Her father was a general of the Ottoman Empire, the commander during the Siege of Scutari in the First Balkan War. Following the killing of her father in 1913, she was raised in the German Empire. She came to Turkey for studying in Kandilli High School for Girls. For university, she traveled once more to Germany to study chemistry in University of Hamburg. In 1932, she obtained her PhD.
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Georg Wiegner
1883 - 1936 (53 years)
Georg Wiegner was a colloid chemist. He was born in Leipzig and died in Zurich. Georg Wiegner studied natural sciences at the University of Leipzig, and received a doctorate in 1906. He was an assistant to Wilhelm Fleischmann at the University of Göttingen from 1907. He was appointed professor of agricultural chemistry at the ETH Zurich in 1913, where he remained until the year of his death, in 1933. He was responsible for seminal discoveries in coagulation and ion exchange. His group at the ETH strongly influenced ecological pedology in Switzerland. The group who worked with him included Hermann Gessner , Hans Jenny and Hans Pallmann .
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