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List of the most influential people in Chemistry,

#7201

Edward David Hughes

1906 - 1963 (57 years)

Edward David Hughes was a British organic chemist. He was a professor first at University College, Bangor and then at University College in London, eventually rising to the rank of dean at each. He was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1949.

#7202

Arthur Eugene Baggs

1886 - 1947 (61 years)

Arthur Eugene Baggs was an American chemist and potter. He studied under Charles Fergus Binns at Alfred University. In 1904-05 he established Marblehead Pottery in Marblehead, Massachusetts, and designed vessels there until it closed in 1936. Meanwhile, he worked as a glaze chemist at Cowan Pottery from 1925 to 1928. From 1928 on he taught ceramics at Ohio State University.

#7203

Andrew Murray

1812 - 1878 (66 years)

Andrew Dickson Murray was a Scottish lawyer, botanist, zoologist and entomologist. Murray studied insects which caused crop damage, specialising in the Coleoptera. In botany, he specialised in the Coniferae, in particular the Pacific rim conifer species.

#7204

Robert Edgeworth-Johnstone

1900 - 1994 (94 years)

Robert Edgeworth-Johnstone was a British chemical engineer and inventor. Born in Dublin, he spent 33 years in industry as a chemical engineer and consultant, working overseas in the oil industry. A keen musician, Edgeworth-Johnstone developed the Johnstone flute, a simple version of the instrument made from the aluminium brass tubing used in oil refineries. The instrument's design was admired by renowned flautist James Galway, but Edgeworth-Johnstone did little with the invention until he published details in a 1993 book.

#7205

James Watson

1859 - Present (167 years)

Professor James Robertson Watson was a Scottish chemist and political activist. Born in the Parkhead area of Glasgow, Watson was educated at Parkhead Sessional School, Dennistoun Academy and High School of Glasgow before graduating from the University of Glasgow, then studying at the University of Tübingen, University of Geneva and University of Berlin. In 1889, he returned to Glasgow, where he was appointed as Professor of Chemistry at Anderson's College.

#7206

James Young

1811 - 1883 (72 years)

James Young FRS FRSE FCS DL LLD was a Scottish chemist best known for his method of distilling paraffin from coal and oil shales. He is often referred to as Paraffin Young. Life James Young was born in Shuttle Street in the Drygate area of Glasgow, the son of John Young, a cabinetmaker and joiner, and his wife Jean Wilson.

#7207

Sergey Lebedev

1874 - 1934 (60 years)

Sergei Vasilievich Lebedev was a Russian/Soviet chemist and the inventor of polybutadiene synthetic rubber, the first commercially viable and mass-produced type of synthetic rubber. Biography Lebedev was born in 1874 in Lublin and went to school in Warsaw. In 1900, he graduated from St. Petersburg University and found work at the Petersburg Margarine Factory.

#7208

Ettore Molinari

1867 - 1926 (59 years)

Ettore Molinari was an Italian chemist and anarchist.

#7209

James Gow Black

1835 - 1914 (79 years)

James Gow Black was a New Zealand chemist, mineralogist, lecturer and university professor . He was born in Tomgarrow, Perthshire, Scotland on 10 May 1835, the eldest of seven children of David, quarrier and farmer, and Margaret .

#7210

Nicolas Guibert

1547 - 1620 (73 years)

Nicolas Guibert was a Franco-German physicians and alchemist who later became a fierce critic of alchemy, opposing ideas on transmutation in his major work Alchymia ratione et experientia ita demum viriliter impugnata which prompted a debate. He has been called the "Copernicus of chemistry".

#7211

Thomas Wallace Fagan

1874 - 1951 (77 years)

Thomas Wallace Fagan was an agricultural chemist. Early life and education Fagan was born 4 February 1874 at Talysarn, Caernarvonshire. He was the son of James Fagan and Katherine Griffiths. He started his education at his local school, continued at Denstone college and then moved onto Gonville & Caius college situated in Cambridge, England and graduated in 1898. After graduation, for a short time he became a chemistry master at Abertillery secondary school before going onto studying under two professors Winter and Dobbie at Bangor University. From then on, he had an extensive academic caree...

#7212

Oskar Fischer

1876 - 1942 (66 years)

Oskar Fischer was a Czech academic, psychiatrist and neuropathologist whose studies on dementia and Alzheimer disease were rediscovered in 2008. Early life and education Fischer was born into a German-speaking Jewish family in Slaný in central Bohemia, 25 km northwest of Prague, on 12 April 1876. His father was the manager of an agricultural estate there. He completed primary and secondary education in Slaný. Then he attended the medical schools of both Prague University and Strasbourg University, and graduated from Prague University in 1900.

#7213

Ludwig Ramberg

1874 - 1940 (66 years)

Ludwig Ramberg was the Swedish chemist who discovered in 1940 the Ramberg-Bäcklund reaction, together with his student Birger Bäcklund . Life Ramberg was born in the Swedish city of Helsingborg and studied at the University of Lund, where he received his Ph.D in 1902. He stayed in Lund until 1918 when he became professor at the University of Uppsala. He retired in 1939 and died in Uppsala 1940.

#7214

Paul Taunton Matthews

1919 - 1987 (68 years)

Paul Taunton Matthews CBE FRS was a British theoretical physicist. Biography Matthews was born in Erode in British India, and was educated at Mill Hill School and Clare College, Cambridge, where he was awarded MA and PhD degrees. He was awarded the Adams Prize in 1958, elected to the Royal Society in 1963, and awarded the Rutherford Medal and Prize in 1978. He became head of the Physics Department of Imperial College, London and later vice chancellor of the University of Bath. He was also awarded an Honorary Degree by the University of Bath in 1983. He was also chairman of the Nuclear Physic...

#7215

James Summers

1828 - 1891 (63 years)

James Summers was a British scholar of English literature, hired by the Meiji government of the Empire of Japan to establish an English language curriculum at the Kaisei Gakuin . Early life Summers was born in Lichfield, Staffordshire. His father was a plasterer of limited means, and seems to have left his family some time before James became 10 years old. Summers moved from Bird Street to the Close with his mother and went to the Lichfield Diocesan Training School for about one year from September 1844 to November 1845. He moved again to Stoke-on-Trent with his mother and started his teaching career at a National School there.

#7216

Shankar Purushottam Agharkar

1884 - 1960 (76 years)

Shankar Purushottam Agharkar was an Indian Morphologist. Agharkar obtained his PhD degree from the University of Berlin, Germany. His specialization was in Plant Morphology. He was the Ghosh Professor of Botany at the University of Calcutta; and Founder Director of Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science. He is one of the leading botanists of India. He explored biodiversity of Western Ghats where he came across a species of freshwater jellyfish, which was until then only known to be found in Africa. These findings were published in scientific journal Nature in 1912. Dr. Annandale, the Superintendent of the Indian Museum in Kolkata, helped Dr.

#7217

Harry Walter Tyler

Harry Walter Tyler

1863 - 1938 (75 years)

Harry Walter "H.W." Tyler was an active member of the science and education scholarly communities in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After receiving his Bachelor of Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1884, he taught and served in various administrative positions at the Institute from 1884 until his retirement in 1930.

#7218

Bengt Lidforss

1868 - 1913 (45 years)

Bengt Lidforss was a prominent Swedish botanist, socialist, and an accomplished natural scientist and writer. Biography Lidforss was born in Lund, Sweden, the son of professor and philologist Edvard Lidforss. He studied at the Cathedral School before going to study botany and biology at Lund University under Frederic Areschoug and received his B.A. at nineteen. He studied speciation in the blackberry . In 1892 he spent some time at the University of Tübingen under Albrecht Zimmermann. For his Ph.D. from Lund University he studied elaiospheres in the mesophyll. He noted that the plants that remain green in winter in southern Sweden had little starch in the leaves during winter.

#7219

Leopold Rügheimer

1850 - 1917 (67 years)

Leopold Rügheimer was a notable German chemist whose name is connected to the Staedel-Rugheimer pyrazine synthesis, a reaction that was discovered by himself and Wilhelm Staedel. Rügheimer was born in Walldorf in 1850 as the son of a merchant. He studied at the universities of Leipzig, Würzburg and Tübingen. He died in Kiel in 1917 after a successful academic career.

#7220

Marek Gatty-Kostyal

1886 - 1965 (79 years)

Marek Gatty-Kostyal was a Polish chemist and pharmacist, known for his many contributions to pharmaceutical science.

#7221

James Murray

1923 - 1961 (38 years)

James Murray was an organic chemist at the University of Otago. He was the first twentieth century lichenologist in New Zealand. Career James Murray worked at the University of Otago in Dunedin as a senior lecturer in chemistry.

#7222

Frank Edward Brightman

1856 - 1932 (76 years)

Frank Edward Brightman, FBA was an English scholar and liturgist. Career Brightman was educated at Bristol Grammar school, and became a mathematical scholar at University College London in 1875. He took a first class in mathematical moderations in 1876, and subsequently second classes in classical moderations, humanities and theology, winning the senior Septuagint prize and the Denyer and Johnson scholarship. Following graduation, he was chaplain of University College, and later curate of St John the Divine, Kennington. From 1884 to 1903 he was a librarian of Pusey House, Oxford. In December 1902 he was elected a Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, as Theological Tutor.

#7223

John Hutchinson

John Hutchinson

1825 - 1865 (40 years)

John Hutchinson was a chemist and industrialist who established the first chemical factory in Widnes, Lancashire, England. He moved from working in a chemical factory in St Helens and built his own chemical factory in 1847 in the Woodend area of Widnes near to Widnes Dock by the junction of the Sankey Canal and the River Mersey. In this factory he manufactured alkali by the Leblanc process.

#7224

Sandford Arthur Strong

Sandford Arthur Strong

1863 - 1904 (41 years)

Sandford Arthur Strong was an English orientalist, art historian and librarian. Life Born in Kensington in 1863, he was the second son of Thomas Banks Strong of the War Office, and his wife, Anna Lawson; his elder brother was Thomas Banks Strong. In 1877 he entered St Paul's School, London as a foundation scholar, but remained there for little more than a year. His next two years were passed as a clerk at Lloyd's, though during this time he also attended classes at King's College, London. As a boy he had been taught drawing by Albert Varley, who gave him a copy of Matthew Pilkington's Dictionary of Painters, and he frequented the National Gallery.

#7225

Ana Kansky

1895 - 1962 (67 years)

Ana Kansky was a Slovene chemist and chemical engineer noted for being the first person to obtain a doctoral degree at the University of Ljubljana and one of the first female scientists from Slovenia.

#7226

Wilhelm Michler

1846 - 1889 (43 years)

Wilhelm Michler was a German chemist. He studied under Hermann von Fehling and Victor Meyer in Stuttgart and followed Meyer to the ETH Zurich in 1871. Michler became professor at the ETH Zurich in 1878. He left Europe for a journey to study the natural products of South America in August 1881. He reached Brazil and conducted his research between 1882 and his death in 1889. He also became professor at the Escola Politécnica Rio de Janeiro.

#7227

James Franklin

1783 - 1834 (51 years)

James Franklin was a British soldier. He was the brother of Sir John Franklin. James Franklin entered the service of the British East India Company as a cadet in 1805. He served with distinction on various Indian surveys and was elected a member of the Royal Society. He was in the 1st Bengal Cavalry and was an authority on geology. He undertook surveys of the Central Provinces and collected birds for the Asiatic Society. He collected about 40 species before reaching Benares, and on reaching Saugor he had collected 160 more specimens and made paintings of these. In 1831 Franklin published descriptions of the birds that he had collected.

#7228

Enid Russell-Smith

1903 - 1989 (86 years)

Dame Enid Mary Russell Russell-Smith, DBE was a British civil servant. Career Born in Esher, Surrey to Arthur Russell-Smith and Constance Mary , she attended Saint Felix School, Southwold, and Newnham College, Cambridge, graduating in 1925.

#7229

Edward Stone

1702 - 1768 (66 years)

Edward Stone was a Church of England cleric who discovered the active ingredient of aspirin. Life Edward Stone was born in Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire, England, in 1702. His parents were Edward Stone, a gentleman farmer, and his first wife Elizabeth Reynolds. His mother having died, his father took a second wife, Elizabeth Grubb, in 1707; the Grubb family was to play a major role in Stone's life.

#7230

Charles Williams

1804 - 1877 (73 years)

Charles Williams was Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, from 1857 to 1877. Life Williams studied at Jesus College from 1823 to 1827, holding a scholarship and gaining a First in Literae Humaniores. He was then ordained, and was a missionary Fellow of the college from 1829 to 1845. He was headmaster of Ruthin School for a time, before becoming the incumbent of the church at Holyhead in 1845. He was made an honorary canon of Bangor Cathedral in 1856 before being appointed as Principal of Jesus College, Oxford in 1857. He died in the Principal's Lodgings in the college in 1877, aged 70.

#7231

Ethel Hurlbatt

1866 - 1934 (68 years)

Ethel Hurlbatt was Principal of Bedford College, University of London, and later Warden of Royal Victoria College, the women's college of McGill University, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, which had opened in 1899.

#7232

Robert Bellamy Clifton

1836 - 1921 (85 years)

Robert Bellamy Clifton FRS was a British scientist. Academic career Clifton was educated at University College, London and St John's College, Cambridge where he studied under Sir George Stokes. In 1860 he went to Owens College, Manchester as Professor of Natural Philosophy. In 1865 he was appointed Professor of experimental Natural Philosophy at Oxford University. While at Oxford he designed Clarendon Laboratory and gave research space to Charles Vernon Boys. On 4 June 1868 he became a fellow of the Royal Society. He was president of the Physical Society from 1882 until 1884. From 1868 un...

#7233

W. R. Scott

1868 - 1940 (72 years)

William Robert Scott was a political economist who was Adam Smith Professor of Political Economy at the University of Glasgow from 1915 to 1940. Career Born in Omagh, County Tyrone, on 31 August 1868, William Robert Scott was the son of Charles Scott, JP, of Lisnamallard in Omagh. He attended Trinity College, Dublin; graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1889, Scott won the Wray Prize and was First Senior Moderator in Logics and Ethics. He proceeded to a Master of Arts degree two years later, and joined the University of St Andrews in 1896 as assistant to the Professor of Moral Philosophy .

#7234

Nathaniel Oglesby Calloway

1907 - 1979 (72 years)

Nathaniel Oglesby Calloway was an American chemist and physician. Calloway was the first African American to receive an academic doctorate from an institute west of the Mississippi River and the first African American to receive a PhD in chemistry from Iowa State University .

#7235

Elof Hellquist

1864 - 1933 (69 years)

Gustaf Elof Hellquist was a Swedish linguist. He was professor of Nordic languages at Lund University between 1914 and 1929 and authored the standard work Swedish Etymological Dictionary. Biography Elof Hellquist was born on 26 June 1864 in Norrköping and took his matriculation examination there in 1883. He became Doctor of Philosophy in Uppsala in 1890 and worked as docent of Nordic languages and adjunct at a grammar school. Between the years 1894 and 1903 he was an editor of Svenska Akademiens ordbok. He became lecturer of Swedish and German at Lund in 1898 until he went over to Gothenburg in 1903 with the same title, in addition to again serving as docent.

#7236

Mary Elvira Weeks

1892 - 1975 (83 years)

Mary Elvira Weeks was an American chemist and historian of science. Weeks was the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in chemistry at the University of Kansas and the first woman to be a faculty member there.

#7237

Samuel Cate Prescott

1872 - 1962 (90 years)

Samuel Cate Prescott was an American food scientist and microbiologist who was involved in the development of food safety, food science, public health, and industrial microbiology. Early life Prescott was born in South Hampton, New Hampshire, the younger of two children. An older sister, Grace, later became a teacher in South Hampton, located near the Amesbury, Massachusetts area, located across the New Hampshire-Massachusetts state line. His formal education was in an ungraded schoolhouse in New Hampshire. During his fifteenth year, Prescott served as a "rod man" on a surveying crew to lay o...

#7238

Edward Curtis Franklin

1862 - 1937 (75 years)

Edward Curtis Franklin was an American chemist. Biography Edward Franklin was born in Geary County, Kansas. He entered the University of Kansas at the age of 22, obtaining his major in chemistry in 1888. Two years later he decided to study at the University of Berlin for one year, but abandon it by 1891. In 1892 he came back to State University where he remained till 1893 working as assistant chemist. He graduated from Johns Hopkins University where he received his doctorate in chemistry a year later. He then came back to University of Kansas where he spent one year as a chemist while the rest of the years he was an associate professor there.

#7239

Shirō Akabori

1900 - 1992 (92 years)

Shirō Akabori , 20 October 1900 – 3 November 1992 in Chihama, Ogasa , was a Japanese chemist and university professor, known for the Akabori amino-acid reactions. Life and education After graduating from public school, he began training as a pharmacist at Chiba medical school, now Chiba University, in 1918. After graduating in 1921, he joined the pharmaceutical company Momotani Juntenkan. The company hired him as an assistant to the chemist Nishizawa Yūshichi of the Imperial University of Tokyo, where he was taught by Ikeda Kikunae. In the summer of the same year, he followed Nishizawa for a short stay at the Tohoku Imperial University to learn organic chemistry from Majima Rikō.

#7240

John Masson Gulland

John Masson Gulland

1898 - 1947 (49 years)

John Masson Gulland was a Scottish chemist and biochemist. His main work was on nucleic acids, morphine and aporphine alkaloids. His work at University College Nottingham on electrometric titration was important in leading to the discovery of the DNA double helix by James Watson and Francis Crick, and he was described as "a great nucleic acid chemist." He established the Scottish Seaweed Research Association and the Lace Research Council.

#7241

Warren L. McCabe

1899 - 1982 (83 years)

Warren Lee McCabe was an American Physical Chemist and is considered as one of the founding fathers of the profession of chemical engineering. He is widely known for the eponymous McCabe–Thiele method for analysis of distillation processes and his book, Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, a major textbook.

#7242

Edgar Steacie

1900 - 1962 (62 years)

Edgar William Richard Steacie was a Canadian physical chemist and president of the National Research Council of Canada from 1952 to 1962. Education Born in Montreal, Quebec, the only child of Richard Steacie and Alice Kate McWood, he studied a year at the Royal Military College of Canada. In 1923, he received his Bachelor of Science degree and his Ph.D. in 1926 from McGill University.

#7243

Hobart Hurd Willard

1881 - 1974 (93 years)

Hobart Hurd Willard was an analytical chemist and inorganic chemist who spent most of his career at the University of Michigan. He was known for his teaching skill and his authorship of widely used textbooks. His research interests were wide-ranging and involved the characterization of perchloric acid and periodic acid salts.

#7244

Philip J. Elving

1913 - 1984 (71 years)

Philip Juliber Elving was a chemist who served on the faculty of Pennsylvania State University, Purdue University, and most notably the University of Michigan, where he was the Hobart Willard Professor of Chemistry. He retired from Michigan, assuming professor emeritus status, in 1983. His research was primarily in analytical chemistry, a subject he also taught for many years at Michigan. Along with I. M. Kolthoff and J. D. Winefordner, he co-edited two popular series of monographs on analytical chemistry.

#7245

Arthur Roderick Collar

1908 - 1986 (78 years)

Arthur Roderick Collar CBE FRS FREng was an English scientist and engineer who made significant contributions in the areas of aeroelasticity, matrix theory and its applications in engineering dynamics.

#7246

Hans Erlenmeyer

1900 - 1967 (67 years)

Hans Friedrich Albrecht Erlenmeyer was a German-Swiss chemist and collector of antiquities. He was a professor of inorganic chemistry at the University of Basel. Life and career Hans Erlenmeyer came from a family of chemists; his grandfather Emil Erlenmeyer and his father Emil Erlenmeyer Jr. were both chemistry professors. Erlenmeyer studied chemistry from 1918 to 1922 at the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena and the Humboldt University of Berlin, where he received his doctorate in 1922 with a thesis entitled "On Asymmetric Synthesis". He worked as an assistant to Bernhard Lepsius. In 192...

#7247

Otto Redlich

1896 - 1978 (82 years)

Otto Redlich was an Austrian physical chemist who is best known for his development of equations of state like Redlich-Kwong equation. Besides this he had numerous other contributions to science. He won the Haitinger Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 1932.

#7248

Robert E. Rundle

1915 - 1963 (48 years)

Robert Eugene Rundle was an American chemist and crystallographer. He was a professor at Iowa State University and fellow of the American Physical Society. Early life and education Rundle was born in Orleans, Nebraska in 1915. He attended University of Nebraska where he completed a bachelor of science in 1937 and a master's degree in 1938. He completed a Ph.D. in 1941 at the California Institute of Technology. His advisors were Linus Pauling and J. Holmes Sturdivant.

#7249

Frederick Rossini

1899 - 1990 (91 years)

Frederick Dominic Rossini was an American thermodynamicist noted for his work in chemical thermodynamics. In 1920, at the age of twenty-one, Rossini entered Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, and soon was awarded a full-time teaching scholarship. He graduated with a B.S. in chemical engineering in 1925, followed by an M.S. degree in science in physical chemistry in 1926.

#7250

George C. Pimentel

1922 - 1989 (67 years)

George Claude Pimentel was a preeminent chemist and researcher. He was also dedicated to science education and public service. the inventor of the chemical laser. He developed the technique of matrix isolation in low-temperature chemistry. He also developed time-resolved infrared spectroscopy to study radicals and other transient species. In the late 1960s, Pimentel led the University of California team that designed the infrared spectrometer for the Mars Mariner 6 and 7 missions that analyzed the surface and atmosphere of Mars.

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