The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
We also provide custom rankings of people by discipline as well as interviews with influential academics who are currently active.
To use this tool, select the discipline (and optional subdiscipline) relevant to your research, and specify influential academics by history, world, or US. Even results that are counterintuitive are often enlightening (our algorithm always picks up a signal).
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List of the most influential people in Literature,
#8001
Hovhannes Hovhannisyan
1864 - 1929 (65 years)
Hovhannes Hovhannisyan was an Armenian poet, linguist, translator and educator. He was a key contributor to the Ashkharabar literature movement and a promoter of literacy in Armenia. He has been called the founder of Classic Armenian poetry.
Go to Profile#8002
John Gray
1866 - 1934 (68 years)
Reverend Canon John Gray was an English poet and Catholic priest whose works include Silverpoints, The Long Road and Park: A Fantastic Story. It has often been suggested that he was the inspiration behind Oscar Wilde's fictional Dorian Gray despite evidence to the contrary. His great nephew is the alternative rock musician Crispin Gray.
Go to Profile#8003
Richard Harding Davis
1864 - 1916 (52 years)
Richard Harding Davis was an American journalist and writer of fiction and drama, known foremost as the first American war correspondent to cover the Spanish–American War, the Second Boer War, and World War I. His writing greatly assisted the political career of Theodore Roosevelt. He also played a major role in the evolution of the American magazine. His influence extended to the world of fashion, and he is credited with making the clean-shaven look popular among men at the turn of the 20th century.
Go to Profile#8004
Moriz Haupt
1808 - 1874 (66 years)
Moriz or Moritz Haupt , was a German philologist. Biography He was born at Zittau, Lusatia, Saxony. His early education was mainly conducted by his father, Ernst Friedrich Haupt, burgomaster of Zittau, a man of learning who took pleasure in translating German hymns or Goethe's poems into Latin, and whose memoranda were employed by Gustav Freytag in his Bilder aus der deutschen Vergangenheit. From the Zittau gymnasium, where he spent the five years 1821–1826, Haupt moved to the University of Leipzig intending to study theology; but his own inclinations and the influence of Professor Gottfried ...
Go to Profile#8005
George Colman the Elder
1732 - 1794 (62 years)
George Colman was an English dramatist and essayist, usually called "the Elder", and sometimes "George the First", to distinguish him from his son, George Colman the Younger. He also owned a theatre.
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Georg Ludolf Dissen
1784 - 1837 (53 years)
Georg Ludolf Dissen was a German classical philologist who was a native of Groß Schneen, a village in the District of Göttingen. He studied classical philology at the University of Göttingen, where one of his instructors was Christian Gottlob Heyne . After graduation, he was a lecturer at Göttingen, and in 1812 relocated to the University of Marburg as an associate professor. The following year he returned to Göttingen, where he was a colleague to Friedrich Gottlieb Welcker , Ernst Karl Friedrich Wunderlich and Karl Otfried Müller . In 1817 he was appointed "full professor", and in 1833 bec...
Go to Profile#8007
James Pillans
1778 - 1864 (86 years)
James Pillans FRSE was a Scottish classical scholar and educational reformer. He is credited with inventing the blackboard, but more correctly was the inventor of coloured chalk. Early life The son of James Pillans, he was born at Sheriff Brae in Leith in April 1778. His father was a merchant and then a printer in Edinburgh, creating Pillans & Wilson. He was also an elder in the Anti-Burgher branch of the Scottish Secession Church, of Adam Gib, and a liberal in politics. Pillans was educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, under Alexander Adam, of whom he subsequently contributed a biography to the Encyclopædia Britannica.
Go to Profile#8008
Elise Richter
1865 - 1943 (78 years)
Elise Richter was an Austrian philologist, specialising in Romance studies, and university professor. She was the first woman to achieve the habilitation at the University of Vienna, the first female associate professor and the only woman at any Austrian university before World War I to hold an academic appointment. Persecuted by Nazi officials during World War II, she was deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in German-occupied Czechoslovakia in October 1942, and died there in June 1943.
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Eugen Mogk
1854 - 1939 (85 years)
Eugen Mogk was a German academic specialising in Old Norse literature and Germanic mythology. He held a professorship at the University of Leipzig. Life and career Mogk was born in Döbeln. He studied Germanic studies and history at the University of Leipzig from 1875 to 1883, earning his doctorate in 1878 with a dissertation on the Gylfaginning section of the Prose Edda. In 1889 he earned his habilitation in Scandinavian philology with an edition and translation of "The So-Called Second Grammatical Tractate of the Snorra Edda". He taught Scandinavian philology at the university from 1888 unt...
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Felix Braun
1885 - 1973 (88 years)
Felix Braun was an Austrian writer. Life Braun was born in Vienna, then capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, to a Jewish family. His mother died in 1888 during the birth of his younger sister, Käthe, who would also become a famous writer. In 1904, he enrolled in German studies, as well as art history, at the University of Vienna, and took his doctorate four years later. His literary publications began to appear in 1905 in the Neue Freie Presse, the Österreichische Rundschau, and in Die neue Rundschau. He was appointed arts editor of the Berliner National-Zeitung in 1910.
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Clyde S. Kilby
1902 - 1986 (84 years)
Clyde Samuel Kilby was an American writer and English professor, best known for his scholarship on the Inklings, especially J. R. R. Tolkien and C. S. Lewis. A professor at Wheaton College for most of his life, Kilby founded the Marion E. Wade Center there, making it a center for the study of the Inklings, their friends , and their influences .
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Ferenc Toldy
1805 - 1875 (70 years)
Ferenc Toldy was a Hungarian literary critic. Biography As a small boy, he lived with his parents, Franz Schedel and Josepha Thalherr, in Buda. He was sent to school in Cegléd. He studied medicine and practised as a doctor in Pest, but his interest in literature absorbed his attention, and he published a handbook on Hungarian poetry in 1828. He travelled to Berlin, London, and Paris, returning in 1830. From 1833 to 1844 he was a professor of dietetics at Pest University, and in 1836 helped found the Kisfaludy Society. He changed his name to Toldy in 1846. He had used it as a pseudonym from th...
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George Long
1800 - 1879 (79 years)
George Long was an English classical scholar. Life Long was born at Poulton-le-Fylde, Lancashire, the son of James Long, West India merchant. He was educated at Macclesfield Grammar School, St John's College, Cambridge and later Trinity College, Cambridge.
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David Mallet
David Mallet was a Scottish poet and dramatist. He was educated at the University of Edinburgh, and went to London in 1723 to work as a private tutor. There he became friendly with Alexander Pope, James Thomson, and other literary figures including Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke.
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Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab
610 - 693 (83 years)
ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb , commonly known as Ibn Umar, was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a son of the second Caliph Umar. He was a prominent authority in hadith and law. He remained neutral during the events of the first Fitna .
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Gabriele Rossetti
1783 - 1854 (71 years)
Gabriele Pasquale Giuseppe Rossetti was an Italian nobleman, poet, constitutionalist, scholar, and founder of the secret society Carbonari. Rossetti was born in Vasto in the Kingdom of Naples. He was Roman Catholic. His support for Italian revolutionary nationalism forced him into political exile in England in 1821.
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Eric Linklater
1899 - 1974 (75 years)
Eric Robert Russell Linklater CBE was a Welsh-born Scottish poet, fiction writer, military historian, and travel writer. For The Wind on the Moon, a children's fantasy novel, he won the 1944 Carnegie Medal from the Library Association for the year's best children's book by a British subject.
Go to Profile#8018
Gottfried Bernhardy
1800 - 1875 (75 years)
Gottfried Bernhardy , German philologist and literary historian, was born at Landsberg an der Warthe in the Neumark. Life He was the son of Jewish parents in reduced circumstances. Two well-to-do uncles provided the means for his education, and in 1811 he entered the Joachimsthal gymnasium at Berlin. In 1817 he went to Berlin University to study philology, where he had the advantage of hearing F.A. Wolf , August Böckh and Philipp Karl Buttmann. In 1822, he took the degree of doctor of philosophy at Berlin, and in 1825 became an associate professor. In 1829, he succeeded Christian Carl Reisi...
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Ludwig Radermacher
1867 - 1952 (85 years)
Ludwig Radermacher was a German-Austrian classical philologist born in Siegburg. In 1891 he earned his doctorate at the University of Bonn, where he was a student of Hermann Usener . Following graduation he remained in Bonn, where he assisted Usener with the works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus. In 1903 he became an associate professor at the University of Greifswald and three years later relocated to the University of Münster. In 1909 he succeeded Theodor Gomperz as chair of classical philology at the University of Vienna, and where he remained until his retirement in 1937. In 1915 he became...
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Emil Hübner
1834 - 1901 (67 years)
Ernst Willibald Emil Hübner was a German classical scholar. He was born at Düsseldorf, the son of the historical painter Julius Hübner . After studying at Berlin and Bonn, he traveled extensively with a view to antiquarian and epigraphical researches. The results of these travels were published in several important works: Inscriptiones Hispaniae Latinae , Inscriptiones Hispaniae Christianae ; Inscriptiones Britanniae Latinae , Inscriptiones Britanniae Christianae ; La Arqueologia de Espana ; Monumenta Linguae Ibericae .
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Sigurd Agrell
1881 - 1937 (56 years)
Per Sigurd Agrell was a Swedish poet, translator, runologist and professor of Slavic languages at Lund University. Biography Agrell's parents were Frans Vilhelm Agrell and Ida Vendela Örtenholm . After graduating from secondary school in Norrmalm in 1898, he was admitted to Uppsala University, where he earned his licentiate degree in 1907. He then continued his academic career at Lund University, where he in 1908 defended his PhD thesis on aspect in Polish. He received his doctoral degree in 1909 and was later appointed associate professor at the same university.
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Olindo Guerrini
1845 - 1916 (71 years)
Olindo Guerrini was an Italian poet who also published under the pseudonyms Lorenzo Stecchetti and Argìa Sbolenfi. He was born at Forlì, but grew up in Sant'Alberto, Ravenna, and after studying law took to a life of letters, becoming eventually librarian at Bologna University. In 1877 he published postuma, a volume of canzoniere under the name of Stecchetti, following this with Polemica , Alcuni canti popolari romagnoli and other poetical works, and becoming known as the leader of the verist school among Italian lyrical writers.
Go to Profile#8023
Carolina Michaëlis de Vasconcelos
1851 - 1925 (74 years)
Carolina Michaëlis de Vasconcelos, born Karoline Michaelis was a German-Portuguese romanist. Early life, education and private life Michaelis was born in Berlin as the last of five children of Gustav Michaelis, a mathematics teacher.
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Luis de León
1527 - 1591 (64 years)
Luis de León , was a Spanish lyric poet, Augustinian friar, theologian and academic, active during the Spanish Golden Age. Early life Luis de León was born in Belmonte, in the Province of Cuenca, in 1527 or 1528. His parents were Lope de León and Inés de Varela, and they had five children. His father practiced law, and it was due to his profession that the family moved to Madrid in 1534, and later to Valladolid.
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Adolf Ebert
1820 - 1890 (70 years)
Georg Karl Wilhelm Adolf Ebert was a Romance philologist and literary historian. He was an author of literary studies as well as a publisher of periodicals, including the Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur.
Go to Profile#8026
Kurt Pinthus
1886 - 1975 (89 years)
Kurt Pinthus was a German author, journalist, critic and commentator. Life Provenance and early years Kurt Pinthus was born in Erfurt. He grew up in Magdeburg and Erfurt. Louis Pinthus , his father, was a Jewish businessman. Bertha Rosenthal , his mother, was unmarried. Kurt attended the "Königliche Gymnasium" , one of the two church-sponsored secondary schools in Erfurt.
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Sergei Tretyakov
1892 - 1937 (45 years)
Sergei Mikhailovich Tretyakov was a Soviet Russian constructivist writer, playwright, poet, and special correspondent for Pravda. Life and career Sergei Tretyakov was born to a Russian father, Mikhail Konstantinovich Tretyakov, and a Baltic German mother, Elizaveta Emmanuilovna Tretyakova . His father was a school teacher. Tretyakov graduated in 1916 from the department of law at Moscow University. He began to publish in 1913 and just before the Russian Revolution he became associated with the ego-futurists. In 1919 he married Ol’ga Viktorovna Gomolitskaya. Soon after the publication of Iro...
Go to Profile#8028
Karl Vossler
1872 - 1949 (77 years)
Karl Vossler was a German linguist and scholar, and a leading romance philologist. Vossler was known for his interest in Italian thought, and as a follower of Benedetto Croce. He declared his support of the German military by signing the Manifesto of the Ninety-Three in 1914. However, he opposed the Nazi government, and supported many Jewish intellectuals at that time.
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Mu Dan
1918 - 1977 (59 years)
Zha Liangzheng , better known by his pen name Mu Dan , was a Chinese poet. Born in Tianjin, he attended Tsinghua University at the age of 17, and graduated from National Southwestern Associated University in 1940. He served as an assistant lecturer of English at his alma mater for about two years. During World War II, he joined the Chinese Expeditionary Force in Burma and fought alongside the Allied forces against the Japanese. After the war ended, he attended the University of Chicago, where he obtained a master's degree in English literature. He was a distant paternal relative of the wuxia n...
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Aleksander Kamiński
1903 - 1978 (75 years)
Aleksander Kamiński, assumed name: Aleksander Kędzierski. Also known under aliases such as Dąbrowski, J. Dąbrowski, Fabrykant, Faktor, Juliusz Górecki, Hubert, Kamyk, Kaźmierczak, Bambaju – a teacher, educator, professor of humanities, co-founder of Cub Scouts methodology, scout instructor, scoutmaster, soldier of the Home Army and one of the ideological leaders of the Grey Ranks, chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Polish Scouting Association.
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Karl Dilthey
1839 - 1907 (68 years)
Karl Dilthey was a German classical scholar and archaeologist. After studying at Breslau and Bonn, Dilthey — younger brother of the renowned philosopher Wilhelm Dilthey — travelled to Greece. After being privatdozent at Bonn until 1866/67, he moved to Rome and in 1869 to the University of Zurich, where he was appointed a full professor of classical philology and archaeology. In 1878, he moved to Göttingen as a full professor of classical philology, later archaeology. He became director to the archaeological-numismatic collections of the university and a full member of the Göttingen Academy of...
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Barrett Wendell
1855 - 1921 (66 years)
Barrett Wendell was an American academic known for a series of textbooks including English Composition, studies of Cotton Mather and William Shakespeare, A Literary History of America, The France of Today, and The Traditions of European Literature.
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Percy Marks
1891 - 1956 (65 years)
Percy Marks was an American writer and college English instructor best known for his best selling 1924 novel, The Plastic Age. Marks was born in Covelo, California in 1891 to Henry and Sarah Lando Marks. The family moved to Ukiah in 1900, the county seat, because it had better schools. Marks graduated from the University of California in 1912 and obtained a master's degree from Harvard University in 1914. He was a second lieutenant in the United States Army during World War I.
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Jun'ichirō Tanizaki
1886 - 1965 (79 years)
Jun'ichirō Tanizaki was a Japanese author who is considered to be one of the most prominent figures in modern Japanese literature. The tone and subject matter of his work ranges from shocking depictions of sexuality and destructive erotic obsessions to subtle portrayals of the dynamics of family life within the context of the rapid changes in 20th-century Japanese society. Frequently, his stories are narrated in the context of a search for cultural identity in which constructions of the West and Japanese tradition are juxtaposed.
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George Stephens
1813 - 1895 (82 years)
George Stephens was an English archeologist and philologist, who worked in Scandinavia, especially on interpreting runic inscriptions. Born at Liverpool, Stephens studied at University College London. In 1834, he married Mary Bennett and moved to Sweden, studying Scandinavian medieval literature and folklore. His collection of fairy tales together with Gunnar Olof Hyltén-Cavallius was often reprinted. Stephens moved to Denmark, became a lecturer in English at Copenhagen University in 1851, and a professor in 1855. He published regularly in The Gentleman's Magazine. In 1860, he published the first edition of the Waldere fragments.
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Frederic Prokosch
1906 - 1989 (83 years)
Frederic Prokosch was an American writer, known for his novels, poetry, memoirs and criticism. He was also a distinguished translator. Biography Prokosch was born in Madison, Wisconsin, into an intellectual family that travelled widely. His father, Eduard Prokosch, an Austrian immigrant, was Professor of Germanic Languages at Yale University at the time of his death in 1938, and his sister Gertrude Prokosch Kurath was a dancer and a prominent ethnomusicologist. Prokosch was graduated from Haverford College in 1925 and received a Ph.D. in English in 1932 from Yale University. In his youth, he...
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James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose
1612 - 1650 (38 years)
James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose was a Scottish nobleman, poet, soldier and later viceroy and captain general of Scotland. Montrose initially joined the Covenanters in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, but subsequently supported King Charles I as the English Civil War developed. From 1644 to 1646, and again in 1650, he fought in the civil war in Scotland on behalf of the King. He is referred to as the Great Montrose.
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Johann Christian Felix Baehr
1798 - 1872 (74 years)
Johann Christian Felix Baehr or Bähr was a German philologist. Life Born at Darmstadt, he studied at the Gymnasium and the University of Heidelberg, where he was appointed professor of classical philology in 1823, chief librarian in 1832, and on the retirement of G. F. Creuzer, became director of the philological seminary. He died at Heidelberg.
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Dalton Trumbo
1905 - 1976 (71 years)
James Dalton Trumbo was an American screenwriter who scripted many award-winning films, including Roman Holiday , Exodus, Spartacus , and Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo . One of the Hollywood Ten, he refused to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1947 during the committee's investigation of alleged Communist influences in the motion picture industry.
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Giacomo Zanella
1820 - 1888 (68 years)
Giacomo Zanella was an Italian poet. Biography He was born at Chiampo, near Vicenza, and was educated for the priesthood. After his ordination he became professor at the lyceum of his native place, but his patriotic sympathies excited the jealousy of the Austrian authorities, and although protected by his diocesan, he was compelled to resign in 1853. After the liberation of Venetia, the Italian government conferred upon him a professorship at Padua, and he achieved distinction as a poet on the publication of his first volume of poems in 1868.
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Octavian Goga
1881 - 1938 (57 years)
Octavian Goga was a Romanian far-right politician, poet, playwright, journalist, and translator. Life and politics Goga was born in Rășinari, near Sibiu. Goga was an active member in the Romanian nationalistic movement in Transylvania and of its leading group, the Romanian National Party in Austro-Hungary. Before World War I, Goga was arrested by the Hungarian authorities. At various intervals before the union of Transylvania with Romania in 1918, Goga took refuge in Romania, becoming active in literary and political circles. Because of his political activity in Romania, the Hungarian state...
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Louise Holland
1893 - 1990 (97 years)
Louise Adams Holland was a philologist, university teacher, academic and archaeologist. Early life and education Born in Brooklyn in New York State in 1893 as Louise Elizabeth Whetenhall Adams, she was the third child but first daughter of six children of Henrietta and Charles Frederick Adams, a lawyer. Her younger sister was the United States Poet Laureate Léonie Adams. Louise Holland graduated from Barnard College in 1914 having specialised in Greek, and was awarded her M. A. from Columbia University and her Ph.D. from Bryn Mawr College in 1920, where she studied Latin. She studied at the...
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Michael Shaara
1928 - 1988 (60 years)
Michael Shaara was an American author of science fiction, sports fiction, and historical fiction. He was born to an Italian immigrant father in Jersey City, New Jersey, graduated in 1951 from Rutgers University, where he joined Theta Chi, and served as a sergeant in the 82nd Airborne Division prior to the Korean War.
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Nicholas Monsarrat
1910 - 1979 (69 years)
Lieutenant Commander Nicholas John Turney Monsarrat FRSL RNVR was a British novelist known for his sea stories, particularly The Cruel Sea and Three Corvettes , but perhaps known best internationally for his novels, The Tribe That Lost Its Head and its sequel, Richer Than All His Tribe.
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Carl Robert
1850 - 1922 (72 years)
Carl Georg Ludwig Theodor Herwig Joseph Robert was a German classical philologist and archaeologist. He began his studies of ancient philology and archaeology at the University of Bonn, where he was a student of Otto Jahn, Reinhard Kekulé von Stradonitz and Anton Springer. In 1870 he began service as a volunteer in the Hessian Infantry Battalion No. 11 during the Franco-Prussian War. Afterwards, he resumed his studies at the University of Berlin under Theodor Mommsen, Adolf Kirchhoff and Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff. In 1873 he obtained his doctorate in Berlin with the thesis De Apollodori bibliotheca.
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Joseph Gregor
1888 - 1960 (72 years)
Joseph Gregor was an Austrian writer, theater historian and librettist. He served as director of the Austrian National Library. Life and career Joseph Gregor was born in Czernowitz. He studied musicology and philosophy at Vienna University, graduating in 1911. He worked under Max Reinhardt as assistant director and from 1912-1914 as a lecturer in music at the Franz-Josephs-University of Chernivtsi. He was employed at the Austrian National Library in Vienna in 1918. There he founded the Theater Collection in 1922, in which he included film after 1929. He also taught from 1932–1938 and 1943–1945 at the Max-Reinhardt-Seminar for actors, being granted the title "Professor" in 1933.
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Shane Leslie
1885 - 1971 (86 years)
Sir John Randolph Leslie, 3rd Baronet , commonly known as Sir Shane Leslie, was an Anglo-Irish diplomat and writer. He was a first cousin of Sir Winston Churchill. In 1908, Leslie became a Roman Catholic and supported Irish Home Rule.
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Anthony Munday
1560 - 1633 (73 years)
Anthony Munday was an English playwright and miscellaneous writer. He was baptized on 13 October 1560 in St Gregory by St Paul's, London, and was the son of Christopher Munday, a stationer, and Jane Munday. He was one of the chief predecessors of Shakespeare in English dramatic composition, and wrote plays about Robin Hood. He is believed to be the primary author of Sir Thomas More, on which he is believed to have collaborated with Henry Chettle, Thomas Heywood, William Shakespeare, and Thomas Dekker.
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Oskar Schade
1826 - 1906 (80 years)
Oskar Schade was a German philologist and Germanist born in Erfurt. In 1860, he received his habilitation at Halle, and from 1863 to 1906 was a professor at the University of Königsberg. He was the author of the influential Altdeutsches Wörterbuch , and with August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben , was co-editor of the Weimarisches Jahrbuch für deutsche Sprache, Literatur und Kunst . Other noted works by Schade include:Geistliche Gedichte des 14. und 15. Jahrhunderts vom Niederrhein , 1854.Satiren und Pasquille aus der Reformationszeit , 1863.Deutsche Handwerkslieder, 1865.
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Georges Perec
1936 - 1982 (46 years)
Georges Perec was a French novelist, filmmaker, documentalist, and essayist. He was a member of the Oulipo group. His father died as a soldier early in the Second World War and his mother was killed in the Holocaust. Many of his works deal with absence, loss, and identity, often through word play.
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