The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
We also provide custom rankings of people by discipline as well as interviews with influential academics who are currently active.
To use this tool, select the discipline (and optional subdiscipline) relevant to your research, and specify influential academics by history, world, or US. Even results that are counterintuitive are often enlightening (our algorithm always picks up a signal).
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List of the most influential people in Literature,
#8351
Magzhan Zhumabayev
1893 - 1938 (45 years)
Magzhan Zhumabayev , was a Kazakh poet and writer who revolutionized the Kazakh language. Biography He was born in 1893 into a Kazakh Muslim family in modern-day Astana and was given the name Muhammedjan Jumabayev at birth. For much of his childhood, Muhammedjan was exposed to Islamic poetry as his family was deeply religious. In his teenage years, he shortened his name from "Muhammedjan" to "Magjan". From 1905 until 1910, Muhammedjan Jumabayev studied in a madrasah in the town of Petropavl, where he learned the Arabic, Turkish, and Persian languages. In 1911, He moved away from his home ...
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Georg Freytag
1788 - 1861 (73 years)
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Freytag was a German philologist. Background Freytag was born in Lüneburg. He studied philology and theology at the University of Göttingen, where from 1811 to 1813 he worked as a theological tutor. In the latter year he accepted an appointment as a sub-librarian at Königsberg. In 1815 he became a chaplain in the Prussian army, and in that capacity visited Paris.
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John Huston Finley
1863 - 1940 (77 years)
John Huston Finley was Professor of Polities at Princeton University from 1900 to 1903, and President of the City College of New York from 1903 until 1913, when he was appointed President of the University of the State of New York and Commissioner of Education of the State of New York. A promenade along the western bank of the East River between 63rd Street and 125th Street in Manhattan was named the John Finley Walk in 1940 because he had often walked the perimeter of Manhattan.
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George Colman the Younger
1762 - 1836 (74 years)
George Colman , known as "the Younger", was an English dramatist and miscellaneous writer. He was the son of George Colman the Elder. Life He passed from Westminster School to Christ Church, Oxford, and King's College, University of Aberdeen, and was finally entered as a student of law at Lincoln's Inn, London. While in Aberdeen, he published a poem satirizing Charles James Fox, called The Man of the People. In 1782 he produced his first play, The Female Dramatist,at his father's playhouse in the Haymarket.
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Albert Béguin
1901 - 1957 (56 years)
Albert Béguin was a Swiss academic and translator. He married the French writer Raymonde Vincent , winner of the Prix Femina in 1937. See also StructuralismNew Criticism
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Karl Wilhelm Göttling
1793 - 1869 (76 years)
Karl Wilhelm Göttling was a German philologist and classical scholar. Biography He was born in Jena, the son of chemist Johann Friedrich August Göttling . He attended the Wilhelm-Ernst-Gymnasium in Weimar, and then, beginning in 1811, studied philology at the universities of Jena and Berlin. He volunteered in the war against France in 1814, and after the peace continued his studies at Berlin under Friedrich August Wolf, August Boeckh and Philipp Buttmann.
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Shabdar Osyp
1898 - 1937 (39 years)
Shabdar Osyp was a Mari author. He was born as Iosif Arkhipovich Shabdarov in the village of Izi Luzhalu in Mari El. He started writing poetry in 1918. He studied at a pedagogical college in Kazan.
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Wacław Cimochowski
1912 - 1982 (70 years)
Wacław Cimochowski was a Polish philologist who specialized in Indo-European linguistics, especially in Albanology. Career Cimochowski studied linguistics at Stefan Batory University, where his teacher was among others Jan Otrębski. He also studied in Vienna, where he was specialized in Albanian and in Sanskrit.
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Hermann Güntert
1886 - 1948 (62 years)
Hermann Güntert was a German linguist who specialized in Germanic and Indo-European linguistics. Biography Hermann Güntert was born in Worms, Germany on 5 November 1886. His father was a Roman Catholic merchant, and his mother was a Huguenot. Güntert became fluent in Sanskrit and Hebrew as a high school student, graduating at the top of his class in 1905.
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Willy Theiler
1899 - 1977 (78 years)
Max Wilhelm Theiler was a Swiss classical philologist who specialized in ancient philosophy. Born in Adliswil, Theiler was the son of Gottfried Theiler and d'Emma Weidmann. He was educated at the universities of Zurich, Basel, Göttingen, and Berlin. He obtained his doctorate from Basel in 1924, He was appointed Privatdozent in 1927, extraordinary professor at Kiel University in 1930, ordinary professor at Königsberg University in 1932, extraordinary , then ordinary professor of philology at Bern. He died in Bern.
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Lida Shaw King
1868 - 1932 (64 years)
Lida Shaw King was an American classical scholar and college dean. Biography Lida Shaw King was born in Boston, Massachusetts. Her parents were Henry Melville King and Susan Ellen Fogg King. She graduated from Vassar College in 1890 and from Brown University in 1894 and continued her graduate studies at Vassar , Radcliffe , Bryn Mawr , and at the American School of Classical Studies in Athens where she was awarded the Agnes Hoppin Memorial Fellowship. She taught the classics at Vassar and at the Packer Collegiate Institute , and at Brown was assistant professor of classical philology , dea...
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Blanche Colton Williams
1879 - 1944 (65 years)
Blanche Colton Williams was an American author, editor, department head and professor of English literature, and pioneer in women’s higher education. She was known for her “groundbreaking work on structure and analysis of the short story” and is credited with having done more for the short story genre than anyone in her lifetime. An 1898 graduate of Industrial Institute and College in Columbus, Mississippi, the first public women’s university in the United States, Williams went on to a three-decade career at Hunter College, a women’s college in New York City.
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Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Nesselmann
1811 - 1881 (70 years)
Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Nesselmann was a German orientalist, a philologist with interests in Baltic languages, and a mathematics historian. At the University of Königsberg he studied mathematics under Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi and Friedrich Julius Richelot, and oriental philology under Peter von Bohlen. In 1837 he received his PhD at Königsberg, where in 1859 he became a full professor of Arabic and Sanskrit.
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Gustav Weigand
1860 - 1930 (70 years)
Gustav Weigand , was a German linguist and specialist in Balkan languages, especially Romanian and Aromanian. He is known for his seminal contributions to the dialectology of the Romance languages of the Balkans and to the study of the relationships between the languages of the Balkan sprachbund. He has also provided substantial contribution to Aromanian studies, an example of this being the discovery and publication of the contents of the Codex Dimonie.
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Wilmer Cave Wright
1868 - 1951 (83 years)
Emily Wilmer Cave Wright was a British-born American classical philologist, and a contributor to the culture and history of medicine. She was a professor at Bryn Mawr College, where she taught Greek. Wright's works include, The Emperor Julian’s relation to the new sophistic and neo-Platonism , A Short History of Greek Literature, from Homer to Julian , Julian , Philostratus and Eunapius: The Lives of the Sophists , Against the Galilaeans , Hieronymi Fracastorii de contagione et contagiosis morbis et eorum curatione libri III , and De morbis artificum Bernardini Ramazini diatriba . Giovanni Ma...
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Vance Palmer
1885 - 1959 (74 years)
Edward Vivian "Vance" Palmer was an Australian novelist, dramatist, essayist and critic. Early life Vance Palmer was born in Bundaberg, Queensland, on 28 August 1885 and attended the Ipswich Grammar School. With no university in Queensland, he studied contemporary Australian writing at the intellectual hub in Brisbane at the time, the School of Arts, following the work of A. G. Stephens. Working in various jobs, he took a position as a tutor at Abbieglassie cattle station, west of Brisbane in the 'back of beyond'. He also worked as a manager: at that time there was a large Aboriginal population with whom he both worked and celebrated, attending their frequent corroborrees.
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Ernest Bernbaum
1879 - 1958 (79 years)
Ernest Bernbaum was an American educator, scholar, writer and an opponent of the Suffragette movement. Biography Ernest Bernbaum was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of Ole Kruse Bernbaum and Dorothea Bernbaum. He was educated at Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. He attended Harvard University, where he was awarded a Ph.D. in philology in 1907. He taught English at Harvard from 1907 to 1916, then joined the staff of the University of Illinois. From 1917 to 1919, he was chair of the Committee on War Lectures at Illinois. In 1921 he married Ruth Guenther. He remained at the University of Illi...
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Otto Heller
1863 - 1941 (78 years)
Otto Heller author and academic. Heller wrote Prophets of Dissent. Career Heller was born in Karlsbad, Bohemia . He attended the University of Prague, followed by the universities of Munich, Vienna, and Berlin. He came to the United States in 1883 as a tutor and secured the post of instructor in Greek at La Salle College in Philadelphia in 1887. Heller received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1890.
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Karl Reinhardt
1886 - 1958 (72 years)
Karl Ludwig Reinhardt was a German classical philologist. Life Reinhardt was born in Detmold, and grew up in Frankfurt, the city to which his father, the educational reformer Karl Reinhardt, Sr., had been called in 1886 to serve as head of the Lessing-Gymnasium. In Frankfurt the younger Reinhardt studied at the Goethe-Gymnasium, a secondary school founded in 1897 on the principles of his father's Frankfurter Lehrplan , and directed by him from 1897 to 1904.
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Antoine Meyer
1801 - 1857 (56 years)
Antoine Meyer, also known as Antun or Tun Meyer was a Luxembourg-born mathematician and poet who later adopted Belgian nationality. Sometimes referred to as the father of Luxembourgish literature, he is remembered for publishing the very first book in Luxembourgish, a collection of six poems entitled "E' Schrek ob de' lezeburger Parnassus" .
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Ernst Christian Walz
1802 - 1857 (55 years)
Ernst Christian Walz was a German classical philologist and archaeologist born in Münklingen, in present-day Baden-Württemberg. He was a student and later a teacher at Tübinger Stift in Tübingen. In 1832 he became an associate professor, and in 1836 a full professor of classical philology at the University of Tübingen as well as director of the archaeological collection of the Philological Seminar.
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Otto Hense
1845 - 1931 (86 years)
Kurt Otto Friedrich Hense was a German classical philologist known for his investigations of Sophocles and the anthologist Stobaeus. In 1868 he obtained his doctorate from the University of Halle with the dissertation thesis, Exercitationes criticae imprimis in Euripidis fragmentis. After graduation, he worked as a gymnasium teacher, and in 1872 received his habilitation for classical philology at the University of Halle. From 1876 to 1909 he was a professor at the University of Freiburg, where in 1893/94 he served as university vice-rector.
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Janus Cornarius
1500 - 1558 (58 years)
Janus Cornarius was a Saxon humanist and friend of Erasmus. A gifted philologist, Cornarius specialized in editing and translating Greek and Latin medical writers with "prodigious industry," taking a particular interest in botanical pharmacology and the effects of environment on illness and the body. Early in his career, Cornarius also worked with Greek poetry, and later in his life Greek philosophy; he was, in the words of Friedrich August Wolf, "a great lover of the Greeks." Patristic texts of the 4th century were another of his interests. Some of his own writing is extant, including a book...
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Victor Cherbuliez
1829 - 1899 (70 years)
Charles Victor Cherbuliez was a Swiss, and then French novelist and author. He was born at Geneva, Switzerland and died at Combs-la-Ville. He was the eleventh member elected to occupy seat 3 of the Académie Française in 1881.
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Acharya Aatreya
1921 - 1989 (68 years)
Acharya Aatreya was an Indian poet, lyricist, playwright, and screenwriter known for his works in Telugu cinema and Telugu theatre. He received the state Nandi Award for Best Lyricist in 1981 for "Andamaina Lokamani" from the film Tholikoodi Koosindi. He is popularly known as Manasu Kavi .
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Carl Foreman
1914 - 1984 (70 years)
Carl Foreman, CBE was an American screenwriter and film producer who wrote the award-winning films The Bridge on the River Kwai and High Noon, among others. He was one of the screenwriters who were blacklisted in Hollywood in the 1950s because of their suspected communist sympathy or membership in the Communist Party.
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Daniel Curley
1918 - 1988 (70 years)
Daniel Curley was an American novelist and short story writer. Life He was a native of East Bridgewater, Massachusetts. He was accepted and matriculated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , but transferred to, and graduated from the University of Alabama. He taught at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He lived in Urbana, Illinois. Roger Ebert was a student, and recalled that Curley "introduced me to many of the cornerstones of my life's reading: 'The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock', Crime and Punishment, Madame Bovary, The Ambassadors, Nostromo, The Professor's House, The Great Gatsby, The Sound and the Fury.
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Heinrich Glarean
1488 - 1563 (75 years)
Heinrich Glarean also styled Glareanus was a Swiss music theorist, poet and humanist. He was born in Mollis and died in Freiburg im Breisgau. Biography Glarean was born as Heinrich Loriti in Mollis in Canton Glarus to a politician. As a boy, he took care of cattle and received a good education. After a thorough early training in music, Glarean enrolled in the University of Cologne, where he studied theology, philosophy, and mathematics as well as music. It was in Cologne where he held a poem as a tribute to Emperor Maximilian I. Since 1514 he was a teacher for Greek and Latin in Basel, where he met Erasmus and the two humanists became lifelong friends.
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Husayn Muruwwa
1910 - 1987 (77 years)
Husayn Muruwwa was a Lebanese Marxist philosopher, journalist, author, and literary critic. His longest and most famous work, "Materialist Tendencies in Arabic-Islamic Philosophy" , was a Marxist interpretation of traditional Arab texts. Muruwwa was born in Haddatha, a small village in Lebanon, studied in Iraq, taught in Syria, completed his higher education in the USSR, and was martyred in Lebanon. Up to his adulthood, he was groomed to be a sheikh like many generations of men before him, but after years, even decades, of intellectual reconciliation, he converted to Marxism which led to his expulsion from Iraq.
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Ernst Schulze
1789 - 1817 (28 years)
Ernst Conrad Friedrich Schulze was a German Romantic poet. He was born and died in Celle. Early life and education The son of the Mayor of Celle, his mother died while he was only two years old and much of his early education was overseen by his two grandfathers, who were a Celle bookseller and a minister.
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J.-H. Rosny aîné
1856 - 1940 (84 years)
J.-H. Rosny aîné was the pseudonym of Joseph Henri Honoré Boex , a French author of Belgian origin, who is considered one of the founding figures of modern science fiction. Born in Brussels in 1856, he wrote in the French language, together with his younger-brother Séraphin Justin François Boex under the pen name J.-H. Rosny until 1909. After they ended their collaboration Joseph Boex continued to write under the name "Rosny aîné" while his brother used J.-H. Rosny jeune . Married to Gertrude Emma Holmes, when she was 16 and he was 24 in London on 22/11/1880. They had 4 children together.
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Jean Passerat
1534 - 1602 (68 years)
Jean Passerat was a 16th-century French political satirist and poet. Life Passerat was born at Troyes, on 18 October 1534. He studied at the University of Paris, and is said to have had some curious adventures at one time working in a mine. He was, however, a scholar by natural taste, and became eventually a teacher at the Collège de Plessis, and on the death of Ramus was made professor of Latin in 1572 in the Collège de France.
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John Fletcher Hurst
1834 - 1903 (69 years)
John Fletcher Hurst was an American bishop in the Methodist Episcopal Church and the first Chancellor of the American University in Washington, D.C. Biography Born on August 17, 1834, in Salem, Dorchester County, Maryland. Hurst graduated from Dickinson College in 1854 and in 1856 went to Germany to study at the University of Halle and the University of Heidelberg.
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David Bates
1809 - 1870 (61 years)
David Bates was an American poet. He was born in Indian Hill, Ohio, and educated in Buffalo, New York, before working in first Indianapolis then Philadelphia. In 1849, he published a volume of poetry, Eolian.
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Paul-Louis Couchoud
1879 - 1959 (80 years)
Paul-Louis Couchoud was a French philosopher, a graduate from the prestigious École Normale Supérieure in Paris, a physician, a man of letters, and a poet. He became well known as an adapter of Japanese haiku into French, an editor of Reviews, a translator, and a writer promoting the German thesis of the non-historicity of Jesus Christ.
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Johann Joachim Eschenburg
1743 - 1820 (77 years)
Johann Joachim Eschenburg was a German critic and literary historian. He was born and educated at Hamburg, going on to study at the University of Leipzig and University of Göttingen. In 1767 he was appointed tutor, and subsequently professor, at the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig . The title of Hofrat was conferred on him in 1786, and in 1814 he was made one of the directors of the Carolinum.
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Igor Terentiev
1892 - 1937 (45 years)
Igor Gerasimovich Terentiev was a Russian poet, artist, stage director, representative of Russian avant-garde. Biography and creative work Terentiev was born in Pavlograd into the family of lieutenant Gerasim Lvovich Terentiev and Elizabeth von Derfelden, daughter of a resigned cavalry captain. He had a brother and two sisters: Vladimir , Olga and Tatiana .
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Terrence Des Pres
1939 - 1987 (48 years)
Terrence Des Pres was an American writer and Holocaust scholar. Life Terrence Des Pres graduated from Southeast Missouri State College in 1962. He went on to complete graduate degrees in philosophy at Washington University in St. Louis. He spent time with John Nathan at Harvard University as Harvard Junior Fellows, where Des Pres was the society's sommelier and they formed a friendship.
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John Cheever
1912 - 1982 (70 years)
John William Cheever was an American short story writer and novelist. He is sometimes called "the Chekhov of the suburbs". His fiction is mostly set in the Upper East Side of Manhattan; the Westchester suburbs; old New England villages based on various South Shore towns around Quincy, Massachusetts, where he was born; and Italy, especially Rome. His short stories included "The Enormous Radio", "Goodbye, My Brother", "The Five-Forty-Eight", "The Country Husband", and "The Swimmer", and he also wrote five novels: The Wapshot Chronicle , The Wapshot Scandal , Bullet Park , Falconer and a novell...
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Alexis Rannit
1914 - 1985 (71 years)
Alexis Rannit was an Estonian poet, critic and literature researcher. Biography He was born in Kallaste, in the Governorate of Livonia of the Russian Empire . He spent his childhood in Saint Petersburg. In 1939, he graduated from the University of Tartu. He studied applied arts. He did research on Lithuanian literature and knew personally many Lithuanian authors. From 1938 to 1940 he worked as a correspondent of the Riga newspaper Segodnya.
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James Thomson
1834 - 1882 (48 years)
James Thomson , who wrote under the pen name Bysshe Vanolis, was a Scottish journalist, poet, and translator. He is most often remembered for The City of Dreadful Night , a poetic allegory of urban suffering and despair. Thomson's pen name derives from the names of the poets Shelley and Novalis, both strong influences on him as a writer. Thomson's essays were written mainly for National Reformer, Secular Review, and Cope's Tobacco Plant. His longer poems include "The Doom of a City" , "Vane's Story" , and the Orientalist ballad "Weddah and Om-El-Bonain". He admired and translated the works of the Italian poet Giacomo Leopardi and Heinrich Heine.
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Abbas Eqbal Ashtiani
1896 - 1956 (60 years)
Abbas Eqbal Ashtiani was an Iranian literary scholar, historian, translator, and man of letters. Eqbal Ashtiani was born in Ashtian. He was educated at Dar ul-Funun in Tehran and University of Paris. In 1944 Eqbal founded the monthly periodical Yādgār. Eqbal Ashtiani died in Rome, Italy and was buried at the Shah-Abdol-Azim shrine in Rey, Iran.
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John Le Gay Brereton
1871 - 1933 (62 years)
John Le Gay Brereton was an Australian poet, critic and professor of English at the University of Sydney. He was the first president of the Fellowship of Australian Writers when it was formed in Sydney in 1928.
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Euenus
450 BC - 500 BC (-50 years)
Euenus of Paros, , was a 5th-century BC poet who was roughly contemporary with Socrates. Euenus is mentioned several times in Plato's Phaedo, Phaedrus, and Apology of Socrates. According to Maximus Tyre, Evenus was the instructor of Socrates in poetry, a statement which derives some countenance from a passage in Plato from which it may also be inferred that Euenus was alive at the time of Socrates's death, but at such an advanced age that he was likely soon to follow him. Eusebius places him at the 30th Olympiad and onwards. His poetry was gnomic, that is, it formed the vehicle for expressing philosophic maxims and opinions.
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Leigh Brackett
1915 - 1978 (63 years)
Leigh Douglass Brackett was an American science fiction writer known as "the Queen of Space Opera." She was also a screenwriter, known for The Big Sleep , Rio Bravo , and The Long Goodbye . She worked on an early draft of The Empire Strikes Back , elements of which remained in the film; she died before it went into production. In 1956, her book The Long Tomorrow made her the first woman ever shortlisted for the Hugo Award for Best Novel, and, along with C. L. Moore, one of the first two women ever nominated for a Hugo Award. In 2020, she posthumously won a Retro Hugo for her novel The Nemesis...
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Clifford Odets
1906 - 1963 (57 years)
Clifford Odets was an American playwright, screenwriter, and actor. In the mid-1930s, he was widely seen as the potential successor to Nobel Prize–winning playwright Eugene O'Neill, as O'Neill began to withdraw from Broadway's commercial pressures and increasing critical backlash. From January 1935, Odets's socially relevant dramas were extremely influential, particularly for the remainder of the Great Depression. His works inspired the next several generations of playwrights, including Arthur Miller, Paddy Chayefsky, Neil Simon, and David Mamet. After the production of his play Clash by Nigh...
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Graham Chapman
1941 - 1989 (48 years)
Graham Chapman was a British actor, comedian and writer. He was one of the six members of the surreal comedy group Monty Python. He portrayed authority figures such as The Colonel and the lead role in two Python films, Monty Python and the Holy Grail and Life of Brian .
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Julian Trevelyan
1910 - 1988 (78 years)
Julian Otto Trevelyan was an English artist and poet. Early life Trevelyan was the only child to survive to adulthood of Robert Calverley Trevelyan and his wife Elizabeth van der Hoeven. His grandfather was the liberal politician Sir George Trevelyan, 2nd Baronet, and his uncle the historian George Macaulay Trevelyan; he is the great-uncle of his namesake, Julian Trevelyan the pianist.
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Wilhelm Nestle
1865 - 1959 (94 years)
Wilhelm Nestle was a German philologist and philosopher. Biography Wilhelm Nestle was the only child of High Court Attorney Christian Gottlieb Nestle and Maria Christiane Steudel , who had had other children in previous marriages. Following his school years, Nestle studied classical philology, philosophy, and history at the University of Tübingen and at the Humboldt University of Berlin. He was a student, among others, of Alfred von Gutschmid and Erwin Rohde. In 1888 he passed the teacher's exam and in 1889 he obtained his doctorate in Philosophy in Tübingen. Then he entered the school service in Württemberg, frequently changing posts.
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William Seymour Tyler
1810 - 1897 (87 years)
William Seymour Tyler was the Amherst College, Massachusetts, historian during his tenure as professor of Latin, Greek, and Greek literature from 1832 to 1893. Biography He was born September 2, 1810, in Harford, Pennsylvania, the son of Joab and Nabby née Seymour Tyler. He matriculated at Amherst in 1829, graduated in 1830 , and completed his M.A. in . He tutored at Amherst from 1832 to 1834 and in 1836. He was a professor of Latin and Greek at Amherst from 1836 to 1847, and professor of Greek from 1847 to 1893. He was named professor emeritus in 1893 . From 1835 to 1836 he studied theology under Dr.
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