The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
We also provide custom rankings of people by discipline as well as interviews with influential academics who are currently active.
To use this tool, select the discipline (and optional subdiscipline) relevant to your research, and specify influential academics by history, world, or US. Even results that are counterintuitive are often enlightening (our algorithm always picks up a signal).
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List of the most influential people in Literature,
#8901
Bernhard Linde
1886 - 1954 (68 years)
Bernhard Linde was an Estonian literary and theatre personnel, critic and essayist. In 1927 he graduated from Tartu University in Slavic philology. He was related to Young Estonia movement. 1912-1915 he was the chief of Young Estonia's publishing house. 1919-1924 he was the executive director of the publishing house Varrak. 1940-1941 and 1944-1949 he taught at Tallinn University of Technology.
Go to Profile#8902
Thea von Harbou
1888 - 1954 (66 years)
Thea Gabriele von Harbou was a German screenwriter, novelist, film director, and actress. She is remembered as the screenwriter of the science fiction film classic Metropolis and for the 1925 novel on which it was based. von Harbou collaborated as a screenwriter with film director Fritz Lang, her husband, during the period of transition from silent to sound films.
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Henry Rago
1915 - 1969 (54 years)
Henry Rago was a poet, educator, and editor. Overview Rago was editor of Poetry Magazine for 14 years from 1955-1969. He was also a Professor of Theology and Literature at the University of Chicago jointly in the Divinity School and in the New Collegiate Division. His seminars and research explored the relations between poetry and religion, among other interdisciplinary concerns. He was co-chairman of the program in the History and Philosophy of Religion in the New Collegiate Division.
Go to Profile#8904
Jay Williams
1914 - 1978 (64 years)
Jay Williams was an American author of science fiction , fantasy, historical fiction, non-fiction, and radical theatre. Early life Williams was born in Buffalo, New York, the son of Max and Lillian Jacobson. He cited the experience of growing up as the son of a vaudeville show producer as leading him to pursue his acting career as early as college.
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Ivan von Müller
1830 - 1917 (87 years)
Ivan von Müller was a German classical philologist. Biography He studied philology at the University of Erlangen as a pupil of Ludwig Döderlein and Carl Friedrich Nagelsbach. Following graduation , he worked as a secondary schoolteacher in Ansbach, Zweibrücken and Erlangen. In 1864 he succeeded Döderlein as chair of classical philology and pedagogy at the University of Erlangen, where as he also served as dean and vice-rector . In 1893 he succeeded Rudolf Schöll as professor of classical philology at the University of Munich.
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Angelo Anelli
1761 - 1820 (59 years)
Angelo Anelli was an Italian poet and librettist who also wrote under the pseudonyms Marco Landi and Niccolò Liprandi. He was born in Desenzano del Garda and studied literature and poetry at a seminary in Verona. In 1793 he enrolled in the University of Padua, receiving a degree in Canon and Civil Law two years later. Active in the politics of the Cisalpine Republic in his youth, he was imprisoned twice. His 1789 sonnet on the vicissitudes of Italy under Austrian domination, "La calamità d'Italia" , was for a long time incorrectly attributed to Ugo Foscolo.
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Marcel Pagnol
1895 - 1974 (79 years)
Marcel Paul Pagnol was a French novelist, playwright, and filmmaker. Regarded as an auteur, in 1946, he became the first filmmaker elected to the . Although his work is less fashionable than it once was, Pagnol is still generally regarded as one of France's greatest 20th-century writers and is notable for the fact that he excelled in almost every medium—memoir, novel, drama and film.
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Hermann Breymann
1842 - 1910 (68 years)
Hermann Wilhelm Breymann was a German philologist and pedagogue. Biography Breymann was born in Oker, the son of a senior metal worker. He studied at University in Paris, Marburg and Bonn. He received a doctorate in 1868 from the University of Göttingen, where he had studied under Romanist Theodor Müller. Breymann next lived in Manchester and London, first as a private tutor in Manchester, before taking the position of associate professor at Owens College.
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Alexey Veselovsky
1843 - 1918 (75 years)
Alexey Nikolayevich Veselovsky was a Russian literary historian and theorist, critic, biographer and translator. Best known for his in-depth researches on Moliere, Lord Byron and European theatre, he also authored the biographies of Alexander Griboyedov, Alexander Hertzen, Jonathan Swift, Denis Diderot and Pierre Beaumarchais, among others, contributing to Russky Vestnik, The Artist, Kievskaya Starina, Russkiye Vedomosti. In early 1870s he was closely associated with the Sergey Yuriev's Beseda, then Sankt-Peterburgskiye Vedomosti and later Nedelya, where for five years he edited the Foreign ...
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Charles Brackett
1892 - 1969 (77 years)
Charles William Brackett was an American screenwriter and film producer. He collaborated with Billy Wilder on sixteen films. Life and career Brackett was born in Saratoga Springs, New York, the son of Mary Emma Corliss and New York State Senator, lawyer, and banker Edgar Truman Brackett. The family's roots traced back to the arrival of Richard Brackett in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629, near present-day Springfield, Massachusetts. His mother's uncle, George Henry Corliss, built the Centennial Engine that powered the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. A 1915 graduate of Williams College, he earned his law degree from Harvard University.
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Dadasaheb Phalke
1870 - 1944 (74 years)
Dhundiraj Govind Phalke , popularly known as Dadasaheb Phalke , was an Indian producer-director-screenwriter, known as "the Father of Indian cinema". His debut film, Raja Harishchandra, was the first Indian movie released in 1913, and is now known as India's first full-length feature film. He made 95 feature-length films and 27 short films in his career, spanning 19 years, until 1937, including his most noted works: Mohini Bhasmasur , Satyavan Savitri , Lanka Dahan , Shri Krishna Janma and Kaliya Mardan .
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John Dewar Denniston
1887 - 1949 (62 years)
John Dewar Denniston was a British classical scholar. His parents were James Lawson Denniston, of the Indian Civil Service, and Agnes Guthrie. He was educated at Winchester College and New College, Oxford. He took a First in Classical Moderations in 1908 and a Second in Literae Humaniores in 1910. He was Fellow of Hertford College, Oxford, from 1913 until his death.
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George Ivașcu
1911 - 1988 (77 years)
George Ivașcu was a Romanian journalist, literary critic, and communist militant. From beginnings as a University of Iași philologist and librarian, he was drawn into left-wing antifascist politics, while earning accolades as a newspaper editor and foreign-affairs journalist. As editor of Manifest magazine, he openly confronted the Iron Guard and fascism in general. In the mid-1930s, he became a member of the Romanian Communist Party , though he maintained private doubts about its embrace of Stalinism. Despite enjoying protection from the more senior scholar George Călinescu, Ivașcu was persecuted, and went into hiding, during the first two years of World War II.
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Hasan Askari
1919 - 1978 (59 years)
Muhammad Hasan Askari was a Pakistani scholar, literary critic, writer and linguist of modern Urdu language. Initially "Westernized", he translated western literary, philosophical and metaphysical work into Urdu, notably classics of American, English, French and Russian literature. But in his later years, through personal experiences, geopolitical changes and the influence of authors like René Guénon, and traditional scholars of India towards more latter part of his life, like Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi, he became a notable critic of the West and proponent of Islamic culture and ideology.
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Johann Arnold Kanne
1773 - 1824 (51 years)
Johann Arnold Kanne was a German philologist and linguist. In his writings, he used the pseudonyms Johannes Author, Walther Bergius and Anton von Preußen. Beginning in 1790, he studied theology and classical philology at the University of Göttingen, where he was a pupil of Christian Gottlob Heyne. Later on, he worked as schoolteacher in Halle an der Saale, Hersbruck and Leutenberg, and served as a soldier in both the Austrian and Prussian armies. In 1809, through mediation from author Jean Paul, he became an instructor of archaeology and history at the newly founded "Real Institute" in Nuremberg.
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Karl Deichgräber
1903 - 1984 (81 years)
Karl Marienus Deichgräber was a German classical philologist. Deichgräber was a member of the Nazi Party. Biography Karl Deichgräber studied at the Gymnasium Ulricianum in Aurich until 1922. From that date, he studied classical philology, as well as other subjects, at the University of Göttingen, and then at Humboldt University of Berlin and University of Münster, where the philologist Hermann Schöne encouraged Deichgräber to concentrate on the history of medicine. In 1928, Deichgräber earned his doctorate at Münster with a thesis on medical schools during the time of Ancient Greece. Upon...
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Fred Thompson
1884 - 1949 (65 years)
Frederick A. Thompson, usually credited as Fred Thompson was an English writer, best known as a librettist for about fifty British and American musical comedies in the first half of the 20th century. Among the writers with whom he collaborated were George Grossmith Jr., P. G. Wodehouse, Guy Bolton and Ira Gershwin. Composers with whom he worked included Lionel Monckton, Ivor Novello and George Gershwin.
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Cheng Shewo
1898 - 1991 (93 years)
Cheng Shewo was a journalist, publisher, and educator of the Republic of China. He was the founder of Shih Hsin University in Taiwan. Biography Cheng was born in Nanjing in 1898, with his ancestral home in Xiangxiang, Hunan. His father, Cheng Bi , was an officer.
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John Henry Wright
1852 - 1908 (56 years)
John Henry Wright was an American classical scholar born at Urumiah , Persia. He earned his Bachelors and Masters at Dartmouth College, New Hampshire. After junior appointments in 1886 he joined Johns Hopkins as a professor of classical philology. In 1887, he became a professor of Greek at Harvard, where, from 1895 to 1908, he was also Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.
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Cesare Zavattini
1902 - 1989 (87 years)
Cesare Zavattini was an Italian screenwriter and one of the first theorists and proponents of the Neorealist movement in Italian cinema. Biography Born in Luzzara near Reggio Emilia in northern Italy, on 20 September 1902, Zavattini studied law at the University of Parma, but devoted himself to writing. He started his career in Gazzetta di Parma. In 1930 he relocated to Milan, and worked for the book and magazine publisher Angelo Rizzoli. After Rizzoli began producing films in 1934, Zavattini received his first screenplay and story credits in 1936. At the same time he was writing the plot fo...
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Alla Nazimova
1879 - 1945 (66 years)
Alla Nazimova was a Russian-American actress, director, producer and screenwriter. On Broadway, she was noted for her work in the classic plays of Ibsen, Chekhov and Turgenev. She later moved on to film, where she served many production roles, both writing and directing films under pseudonyms. Her film Salome is regarded as a cultural landmark.
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Hans von Arnim
1859 - 1931 (72 years)
Hans von Arnim was a German-Austrian classical philologist, who specialized in studies of Plato and Aristotle. He studied classical philology at the University of Greifswald as a pupil of Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorf. From 1881 to 1888 he worked as a schoolteacher in Elberfeld and Bonn, then obtained his habilitation in 1888 from the University of Halle. In 1893 he became a full professor at Rostock, then in 1900 was appointed chair of Greek philology at the University of Vienna as a successor to Theodor Gomperz. In 1914 he relocated as a professor to the newly founded University of Fran...
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Jacques Claude Demogeot
1808 - 1894 (86 years)
Jacques Claude Demogeot was a French man of letters. Biography Demogeot was born in Paris. He was professor of rhetoric at the Lycée Saint-Louis, and subsequently assistant professor at the Sorbonne. He wrote many detached papers on various literary subjects, and two reports on secondary education in England and Scotland in collaboration with Henry Montucci. His reputation rests on his , which has passed through many subsequent editions. He was the author of a , and of a work on the influence of foreign literatures on the development of French literature. He died in Paris in 1894.
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Josefina Passadori
1900 - 1987 (87 years)
Josefina Passadori was an Italian-Argentine academic, educator, and writer. She published several textbooks as well as poetry under the pen name Fröken Thelma. Biography Passadori was born in Mezzanino, Pavia, Italy. In 1922, she graduated from La Unidad Académica Escuela Normal Superior N° 1 Mary O. Graham in La Plata, where she taught for almost forty years .
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John Macmillan Brown
1845 - 1935 (90 years)
John Macmillan Brown was a Scottish-New Zealand academic, administrator and promoter of education for women. Brown was born in Irvine, the sixth child of Ann Brown and her husband, James Brown, a sea captain. John was raised in a family that placed high value on education—for both sexes. He attended Irvine Academy, then University of Edinburgh and University of Glasgow. He declined a Balliol scholarship in mathematics instead taking a Snell exhibition for Classics and philosophy.
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Pavel Medvedev
1891 - 1938 (47 years)
Pavel Nikolaevich Medvedev was a Russian literary scholar. He was a professor, social activist, and friend of Mikhail Bakhtin, as well as of Boris Pasternak and Fyodor Sologub. Medvedev held several government posts in education and publishing after the 1917 revolution, publishing a great deal of his own writing on literary, sociological, and linguistic issues. Medvedev was arrested during the 1930s period of purges under the rule of Joseph Stalin, and "disappeared" shortly after his arrest. He was shot on 17 July 1938.
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William Herbert Carruth
1859 - 1924 (65 years)
William Herbert Carruth was an American educator and poet. He taught at the University of Kansas and Stanford University. Life William Herbert Carruth was born in Osawatomie, Kansas on April 5, 1859. He earned AB and MA degrees in modern languages from the University of Kansas and later two more advanced languages degrees, another MA and a PhD, from Harvard. Carruth taught languages and literature at KU from 1880 until 1913, and was Professor of Comparative Literature at Stanford University from 1913 to 1924. Carruth was president of the Pacific Coast Conference of the Unitarian Church.
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Eliza Haywood
1693 - 1756 (63 years)
Eliza Haywood , born Elizabeth Fowler, was an English writer, actress and publisher. An increase in interest and recognition of Haywood's literary works began in the 1980s. Described as "prolific even by the standards of a prolific age", Haywood wrote and published over 70 works in her lifetime, including fiction, drama, translations, poetry, conduct literature and periodicals. Haywood today is studied primarily as one of the 18th-century founders of the novel in English.
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Ephrem Mtsire
1001 - 1101 (100 years)
Ephrem Mtsire or Ephraim the Lesser was a Georgian monk at Antioch, theologian and translator of patristic literature from Greek. Information as to Ephrem’s life is scarce. Early in life he received a thorough Hellenic education presumably in Constantinople, where his purported father Vache Karich'isdze, a Georgian nobleman from Tao, had removed in 1027. Ephrem then became a monk at the Black Mountain near Antioch, which was populated by a vibrant Georgian monastic community of around 70 monks. Later in his life, c. 1091, Ephrem became a hegumen of the Kastana monastery, probably at the Cast...
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Fritz Schöll
1850 - 1919 (69 years)
Friedrich "Fritz" Schöll was a German classical philologist, known for his editions of Plautus, Varro and Cicero. He was the son of archaeologist Gustav Adolf Schöll and the brother of philologist Rudolf Schöll .
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Ludwig Lemcke
1816 - 1884 (68 years)
Ludwig Lemcke was a German Romance philologist and literary historian. He studied history, philology and languages at the University of Berlin, and from 1841 worked as a private scholar, and later as a schoolteacher, in Braunschweig. In 1862 he succeeded Adolf Ebert as an associate professor of modern languages and Western literature at the University of Marburg. In 1865 he attained a full professorship, and two years later, relocated as a professor to the University of Giessen. In 1873/74 he served as university rector.
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Sylvain Maréchal
1750 - 1803 (53 years)
Sylvain Maréchal was a French essayist, poet, philosopher and political theorist, whose views presaged utopian socialism and communism. His views on a future golden age are occasionally described as utopian anarchism. He was editor of the newspaper .
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William Inge
1913 - 1973 (60 years)
William Motter Inge was an American playwright and novelist, whose works typically feature solitary protagonists encumbered with strained sexual relations. In the early 1950s he had a string of memorable Broadway productions, including Picnic, which earned him a Pulitzer Prize. With his portraits of small-town life and settings rooted in the American heartland, Inge became known as the "Playwright of the Midwest".
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K. N. Ezhuthachan
1911 - 1981 (70 years)
Kudiyirikkal Narayanan Ezhuthachan was an Indian writer and scholar of Malayalam literature. He was one among the principal followers of the idea of social impact on literature. Ezhuthachan supported Marxist literary criticism and interpreted Indian literary works based on Marxist aesthetics. He won the Sahitya Akademi Award for his work Keralodayam, a long narrative poem written in Sanskrit. He is the first Malayali to win Sahitya Akademi Award in Sanskrit. He died on 28 October 1981 while delivering a lecture at Calicut University.
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Boris Vian
1920 - 1959 (39 years)
Boris Vian was a French polymath – i.e., writer, poet, musician, singer, translator, critic, actor, inventor, and engineer – who is primarily remembered for his novels. Those published under the pseudonym Vernon Sullivan were bizarre parodies of criminal fiction, highly controversial at the time of their release due to their unconventional outlook.
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Howard Lindsay
1889 - 1968 (79 years)
Howard Lindsay, born Herman Nelke, was an American playwright, librettist, director, actor and theatrical producer. He is best known for his writing work as part of the collaboration of Lindsay and Crouse, and for his performance, with his wife Dorothy Stickney, in the long-running play Life with Father.
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Helen Gray Cone
1859 - 1934 (75 years)
Helen Gray Cone was a poet and professor of English literature. She spent her entire career at Hunter College in New York City. Early life and education Cone was born in New York and attended the Normal College of the City of New York, later renamed Hunter College. She graduated in 1876 as a member of Phi Beta Kappa, and became an instructor in the Normal College English department. In the 1880s she served as president of the Associate Alumnae of the Normal College.
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Martin Lamm
1880 - 1950 (70 years)
Martin Lamm was a Swedish literary scholar elected to a lifetime membership of the Swedish Academy . Life and work Lamm was the son of businessman Herman Lamm and Lisen Philipson. He became associate professor of literature at Uppsala University in 1908. Lamm was a professor at Stockholm University 1919–1945.
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Eduard Koschwitz
1851 - 1904 (53 years)
Eduard Koschwitz was a Romance philologist. In 1877 he became docent at Strassburg and afterward was made professor at Greifswald and Marburg. His specialty was French and Occitan. His works include:die Provenzalischen Feliber und Ihre Vorgänager, Wilhelm Gronau, 1894.und Sprache der Chanson du voyage de Charlemagne à Jérusalem, 1876plus anciens monuments de la langue française, 1889der neufranzösischen Schriftsprache , 1889parlers parisiens, 1893Les Français avant, pendant et après la guerre de 1870-1871;historique de la langue des félibres., 1894poème provençal de Frédéric Mistral, 1900"La Phonétique expérimentale et la philologie franco-provençale".
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Carl Carmer
1893 - 1976 (83 years)
Carl Lamson Carmer was an American writer of nonfiction books, memoirs, and novels, many of which focused on American myths, folklore, and tales. His most famous book, Stars Fell on Alabama, was an autobiographical story of the time he spent living in Alabama. He was considered one of America's most popular writers during the 1940s and 1950s.
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Hugo Andresen
1844 - 1918 (74 years)
Hugo Andresen was a German Romance philologist and medievalist. He was the son of Germanist Karl Gustaf Andresen . He studied languages at the universities of Bonn and Berlin, receiving his doctorate in 1874 at Bonn. Following graduation, he took an extended study trip to Paris and London , and in 1880 obtained his habilitation for Romance and English philology at the University of Göttingen. In 1892 he relocated to the Münster Academy, where he succeeded Gustav Körting as professor of Romance philology.
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Vinicius de Moraes
1913 - 1980 (67 years)
Marcus Vinícius da Cruz e Mello Moraes , better known as Vinícius de Moraes and nicknamed O Poetinha , was a Brazilian poet, diplomat, lyricist, essayist, musician, singer, and playwright. With his frequent and diverse musical partners, including Antônio Carlos Jobim, his lyrics and compositions were instrumental in the birth and introduction to the world of bossa nova music. He recorded numerous albums, many in collaboration with noted artists, and also served as a successful Brazilian career diplomat.
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T. Gwynn Jones
1871 - 1949 (78 years)
Professor Thomas Gwynn Jones C.B.E. , more widely known as T. Gwynn Jones, was a leading Welsh poet, scholar, literary critic, novelist, translator, and journalist who did important work in Welsh literature, Welsh education, and the study of Welsh folk tales in the first half of the twentieth century. He was also an accomplished translator into Welsh of works from English, German, Greek, and Irish.
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Henry Lamar Crosby
1880 - 1954 (74 years)
Henry Lamar Crosby , known as H. Lamar Crosby, was an American classicist who served as dean of the graduate school of the University of Pennsylvania. Crosby graduated from high school in San Antonio, Texas and completed his undergraduate studies at the University of Texas. While at Texas, due to a paucity of funds, he supported himself as a day laborer and dairy farm hand. The financial generosity of an uncle allowed him to attend Harvard University, from which he received his Ph.D. After stints at the University of Missouri and Princeton University, Crosby began teaching at the University of Pennsylvania and, from 1928 to 1938, was dean of its graduate school.
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Younghill Kang
1898 - 1972 (74 years)
Younghill Kang was a Korean-American writer. He is best known for his 1931 novel The Grass Roof and its sequel, the 1937 fictionalized memoir East Goes West: The Making of an Oriental Yankee. He also wrote an unpublished play, Murder in the Royal Palace, which was performed both in the US and in Korea. He has been called "the father of Korean American literature."
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William Grocyn
1446 - 1519 (73 years)
William Grocyn was an English scholar, a friend of Erasmus. Grocyn was a prominent English scholar and educator, born in Colerne, Wiltshire. Intended for the church, he attended Winchester College and later New College, Oxford. He held various positions, including a fellow at New College and a reader in divinity at Magdalen College. Grocyn visited Italy and studied Greek and Latin, later helping to promote Greek learning in England. Erasmus regarded him as a friend and preceptor.
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Hermann Bonitz
1814 - 1888 (74 years)
Hermann Bonitz , German scholar, was born at Langensalza in Prussian Saxony. Having studied at the University of Leipzig under G. Hermann and at Berlin under Böckh and Lachmann, he became successively teacher at the Blochmann-Institut in Dresden , Oberlehrer at the Friedrich Wilhelm Gymnasium and the Graues Kloster in Berlin, professor at the gymnasium at Stettin , professor at the University of Vienna , member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences , member of the council of education , and director of the Graues-Kloster-Gymnasium . He retired in 1888, and died in that year at Berlin.
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Eduardo Ladislao Holmberg
1852 - 1937 (85 years)
Eduardo Ladislao Holmberg was an Argentine natural historian and novelist, one of the leading figures in Argentine biology. Together with Florentino Ameghino he undertook the inventory of Argentine flora and fauna, and explored all the ecoregions in the country, summarizing for the first time the biodiversity of its territory. The son of botanical aficionado and grandson of the Baron Holmberg, Holmburg accompanied Argentine Libertador Manuel Belgrano on his campaigns and introduced the cultivation of the camellia to Argentina. As director of the Buenos Aires Zoological Garden he greatly deve...
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Jan Gruter
1560 - 1627 (67 years)
Jan Gruter or Gruytère, Latinized as Janus Gruterus , was a Flemish-born philologist, scholar, and librarian. Life Jan Gruter was born in Antwerp. His father was Wouter Gruter, who was a merchant and city administrator of Antwerp, and his mother was Catharina Tishem from Norwich in England. To avoid religious persecution in the early stages of the Eighty Years' War, his parents emigrated to England while he was a child. For some years he studied at Caius College, Cambridge, after which he went to Leiden. In 1584 he obtained the degree of doctor iuris. He then left the Netherlands and com...
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H. J. C. Grierson
1866 - 1960 (94 years)
Sir Herbert John Clifford Grierson, FBA was a Scottish literary scholar, editor, and literary critic. Life and work He was born in Lerwick, Shetland, on 16 January 1866. He was the son of Andrew John Grierson and his wife, Alice Geraldine Grierson. In 1896 he married Mary Letitia Grierson, daughter of Sir Alexander Ogston, Professor of Surgery at Aberdeen. They had five daughters including Molly Dickins, author of A Wealth of Relations, about family history, writer Flora Grierson who co-founded the Samson Press, and writer and pianist Janet Teissier du Cros.
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