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List of the most influential people in Mathematics,

#11801

Thyra Eibe

1866 - 1955 (89 years)

Thyra Eibe was a Danish mathematician and translator, the first woman to earn a mathematics degree from the University of Copenhagen. She is known for her translation of Euclid's Elements into the Danish Language.

#11802

Feodor Deahna

1815 - 1844 (29 years)

Heinrich Wilhelm Feodor Deahna was a German mathematician. He is known for providing proof of what is now known as Frobenius theorem in differential topology, which he published in Crelle's Journal in 1840.

#11803

John Franklin

1786 - 1847 (61 years)

Sir John Franklin was a British Royal Navy officer and Arctic explorer. After serving in wars against Napoleonic France and the United States, he led two expeditions into the Canadian Arctic and through the islands of the Arctic Archipelago, in 1819 and 1825, and served as Lieutenant-Governor of Van Diemen's Land from 1839 to 1843. During his third and final expedition, an attempt to traverse the Northwest Passage in 1845, Franklin's ships became icebound off King William Island in what is now Nunavut, where he died in June 1847. The icebound ships were abandoned ten months later and the ent...

#11804

Thomas Barker

1838 - 1907 (69 years)

Thomas Barker was a Scottish mathematician, professor of pure mathematics at Owens College. Life Born 9 September 1838, he was son of Thomas Barker, farmer, of Murcar, Balgonie, near Aberdeen, and of his wife Margaret. Three other children died in infancy. He was educated at Aberdeen Grammar School, and at King's College in the same town, where he graduated in 1857 with distinction in mathematics.

#11805

Ivan Zhegalkin

1869 - 1947 (78 years)

Ivan Ivanovich Zhegalkin was a Russian and Soviet mathematician. He is best known for his formulation of Boolean algebra as the theory of the ring of integers mod 2, via what are now called Zhegalkin polynomials.

#11806

Joseph Liberman

1917 - 1941 (24 years)

Joseph Liberman was a Soviet mathematician, a student of Aleksandrov, best known for Liberman's lemma. Biography In 1936 he entered Leningrad State University as one of the winners of the first city Mathematical Olimpiad.

#11807

Anton von Braunmühl

1853 - 1908 (55 years)

Johann Anton Edler von Braunmühl was a German historian of mathematics and mathematician who worked on synthetic geometry and trigonometry. Braunmühl was born in Tiflis but came from a Bavarian family and his father had gone as an architect to build a palace. The death of his father in 1856 led to the mother and family moving to Munich where he went to school. His mother died in 1866 after which he was taken care of by an uncle. He passed school in 1873 and joined the University of Munich where he studied physics under G. Bauer, L. von Seidel, J. von Lamont, Philip Von Jolly, Friedrich Narr and history under M.

#11808

Pierre Massé

1898 - 1987 (89 years)

Pierre Benjamin Daniel Massé was an economist, engineer, applied mathematician, and high official in the French government. Education and career After graduation from l'École polytechnique, Massé became an engineer at l'École nationale des ponts et chaussées and a Doctor of Science. From 1928 he worked in the electrical industry and became at Électricité de France in 1946 the director of electrical equipment and operations and in 1948 the deputy general manager. In 1957 he became president of l'Électricité de Strasbourg. In 1959 Charles de Gaulle named him Commissaire général du Plan and he held this position until 1966.

#11809

Alwin Korselt

1864 - 1947 (83 years)

Alwin Reinhold Korselt was a German mathematician. He discovered Korselt's criterion, which provides a secondary definition for Carmichael numbers and also contributed an early result in algebraic logic.

#11810

Grace Andrews

1869 - 1951 (82 years)

Grace Andrews was an American mathematician. She, along with Charlotte Angas Scott, was one of only two women listed in the first edition of American Men of Science, which appeared in 1906. Education Andrews was one of five children of Edward Gayer Andrews, a Methodist Episcopal bishop and school administrator; she was born in Brooklyn, and moved frequently as a child, including stays in Ohio, Iowa, Washington DC, and Europe. She was a student at Mount Vernon Seminary and College, and obtained her undergraduate degree from Wellesley College in 1890, taking a five-year program at Wellesley th...

#11811

Karl Gustav Reuschle

1812 - 1875 (63 years)

Karl Gustav Reuschle was a German mathematician, geographer and educator. Reuschle was born in Mehrstetten in Baden-Württemberg and studied math and theology at the University of Tübingen. After his graduation he continued his studies in mathematics for a year in Paris and for a year in Berlin. From 1837 onwards Reuschle worked as a teacher, first in Schöntal then in Tübingen and finally since 1840 at a gymnasium in Stuttgart, where he taught as professor for mathematics and geography.

#11812

Franc Hočevar

1853 - 1919 (66 years)

Franz Josef Hočevar, in Slovenian, Franc Jože Hočevar was an Austrian–Slovenian mathematician and author of mathematical books. After grammar school in Ljubljana Hočevar studied mathematics and physics in Vienna, where he got his Ph.D. in 1875. He worked as professor and director of the "Lehrkanzel für Mathematik I" at the Technical University of Graz from 1894 to 1918. He was dean of the "Maschinenbauschule" from 1896 to 1900, 1906 to 1908 and from 1910 to 1913.

#11813

Alister Watson

1908 - 1981 (73 years)

Alister George Douglas Watson was a mathematician who was identified by several writers as a key member of the Cambridge spy ring. Early years Born in Leigh-on-Sea, Essex, England, Watson attended Winchester School and studied mathematics at King's College, Cambridge. He was elected a fellow in 1933 and published two papers during his fellowship, Mathematics and its foundations, Mind, volume 47, pp. 440– 451 and Principal directions in a gravitational field. Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 6.01 : 12-16.

#11814

Orazio Tedone

1870 - 1922 (52 years)

Orazio Tedone was an Italian mathematical physicist. He is perhaps best known for the Larmor–Tedone formulae for solving Maxwell's equations. Biography Born and raised in Ruvo di Puglia, Tedone completed his undergraduate studies - his Laurea - in mathematics from the Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa and there became an assistant and then a lecturer in rational mechanics. He became a docent at the Istituto Tecnico C. Cattaneo in Milan and then became a professor in the chair of mechanics at the University of Pavia. In 1899 he became a professor of higher analysis and static graphics at the Un...

#11815

Roxana Vivian

1871 - 1961 (90 years)

Roxana Hayward Vivian was an American mathematics professor. She was the first female recipient of a doctorate in mathematics from the University of Pennsylvania. Early life and education Roxana Hayward Vivian was born to Roxana Nott and Robert Hayward Vivian on December 9, 1871, in Hyde Park, Boston, Massachusetts. She went to Hyde Park High School and then, from 1890 to 1894, to Wellesley College where she graduated in Greek and mathematics.

#11816

Abu Ja'far al-Khazin

900 - 960 (60 years)

Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Husayn Khazin , also called Al-Khazin, was an Iranian Muslim astronomer and mathematician from Khorasan. He worked on both astronomy and number theory. Al-Khazin was one of the scientists brought to the court in Ray, Iran by the ruler of the Buyid dynasty, Adhad ad-Dowleh, who ruled from 949 to 983. In 959/960, Khazin was required by the vizier of Ray, who was appointed by ad-Dowleh, to measure the obliquity of the ecliptic.

#11817

Alessandro Marchetti

Alessandro Marchetti

1633 - 1714 (81 years)

Alessandro Marchetti was an Italian mathematician, noted for criticizing some conclusions of Guido Grandi, a student of Giovanni Alfonso Borelli who was influenced by Galileo and Aristotle. In 1669 Marchetti completed the first known Italian vernacular translation of Lucretius' Epicurean epic poem De Rerum Natura. He was denied permission to publish his translation, entitled Della Natura delle Cose, but it circulated widely in manuscript form before its first printing in 1717.

#11818

Júlio César de Mello e Souza

Júlio César de Mello e Souza

1895 - 1974 (79 years)

Júlio César de Mello e Souza , was a Brazilian writer and mathematics teacher. He was well known in Brazil and abroad for his books on recreational mathematics, most of them published under the pen names of Malba Tahan and Breno de Alencar Bianco.

#11819

Verner Emil Hoggatt Jr.

1921 - 1980 (59 years)

Verner Emil Hoggatt Jr. was an American mathematician, known mostly for his work in Fibonacci numbers and number theory. Hoggatt received a Ph.D. from Oregon State University in 1955 for his dissertation on The Inverse Weierstrass P-Function. Besides his contributions in Fibonacci numbers and number theory it is as the co-founder of the Fibonacci association and publisher of the associated journal Fibonacci Quarterly for which he is best remembered.

#11820

Christian Juel

1855 - 1935 (80 years)

Christian Sophus Juel was a Danish mathematician, specializing in geometry. Education and career Juel went to school in Svendborg and from 1871 studied at the Technical University of Denmark. From 1876 he studied mathematics at the University of Copenhagen; there he received In 1879 his undergraduate degree in mathematics and in 1885 his Ph.D. with thesis Inledning i de imaginaer linies og den imaginaer plans geometrie. From 1894 he was a docent at the Technical University of Denmark, where he became in 1897 a full professor; during this time he also sometimes lectured at the University of C...

#11821

Paul Dienes

1882 - 1952 (70 years)

Paul Dienes was a Hungarian mathematician, philosopher, linguist and poet. Born in to a wealthy and aristocratic Protestant family, he married Valéria Geiger in December 1905. They had two sons, Gedeon Dienes and Zoltan Paul Dienes . Following their divorce, he married Sari Dienes in 1922. He was an active member of the Galileo Circle.

#11822

William Esson

1838 - 1916 (78 years)

William Esson, FRS was a British mathematician. Early life He was born in Carnoustie, Scotland. Esson attended St John's College, Oxford. Career He then became a Fellow of Merton College. In 1892, he became the Savilian Professor of Geometry at the University of Oxford, based at New College. He worked on problems in chemistry with Augustus George Vernon Harcourt.

#11823

Richard Sorge

1895 - 1944 (49 years)

Richard Sorge was a German journalist and Soviet military intelligence officer who was active before and during World War II and worked undercover as a German journalist in both Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. His codename was "Ramsay" . A number of famous personalities considered him one of the most accomplished spies.

#11824

Martin van den Hove

1605 - 1639 (34 years)

Martin van den Hove was a Dutch astronomer and mathematician. His adopted Latin name is a translation of the Dutch hof , in Latin horta. Early life Born in Delft, he studied at Leiden University under Snellius and Isaac Beeckman from 1625 to 1627. He received further instruction from Snellius from 1628 to 1630 at Leiden and at Ghent.

#11825

Carol Karp

1926 - 1972 (46 years)

Carol Karp, born Carol Ruth Vander Velde , was an American mathematician of Dutch ancestry, best known for her work on infinitary logic. She also played viola in an all-women orchestra. Life Born in Michigan to a farming supply store manager and a housewife, Carol and her siblings graduated from high school in Ohio. After that, she graduated from Manchester University, Indiana and went back to Michigan to study at Michigan State University , where she earned a master's degree in 1950.

#11826

Mabel Minerva Young

1872 - 1963 (91 years)

Mabel Minerva Young was an American mathematician active at Wellesley College. Life Young was born July 18, 1872, in Worcester, Massachusetts. She began study at Wellesley College in 1894. Going to graduate study at Columbia University, she graduated with a master's degree in 1899. First she taught English at Northfield Seminary. In 1904 she began her long service at Wellesley College, beginning as an assistant in mathematics and becoming a full professor.

#11827

Samuel Beatty

1881 - 1970 (89 years)

Samuel Beatty was dean of the Faculty of Mathematics at the University of Toronto, taking the position in 1934. Early life Beatty was born in 1881. In 1915, he graduated from the University of Toronto with a PhD and a dissertation entitled Extensions of Results Concerning the Derivatives of an Algebraic Function of a Complex Variable, with the help of his adviser, John Charles Fields. He was the first person to receive a PhD in mathematics from a Canadian university. In 1925 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1926, he published a problem in the American Mathematical M...

#11828

Gustav Elfving

1908 - 1984 (76 years)

Erik Gustav Elfving was a Finnish mathematician and statistician. He wrote pioneering works in mathematical statistics, especially on the design of experiments. Early life Erik Gustav Elfving was son of Fredrik Elfving , a professor of botany at the University of Helsinki, and Thyra Elfving . He was the youngest of four children. Gustav Elfving earned excellent grades at the Svenska normallyceum i Helsingfors, a Helsinki gymnasium for Swedish-speaking boys, from which he graduated in 1926. In the same year he enrolled at the University of Helsinki, planning to major in astronomy. He switched to mathematics, graduating in 1930 in mathematics, with astronomy and physics as minor subjects.

#11829

Marcus Claudius Marcellus

Marcus Claudius Marcellus

270 BC - 208 BC (62 years)

Marcus Claudius Marcellus , five times elected as consul of the Roman Republic, was an important Roman military leader during the Gallic War of 225 BC and the Second Punic War. Marcellus gained the most prestigious award a Roman general could earn, the spolia opima, for killing the Gallic military leader and king Viridomarus in single combat in 222 BC at the Battle of Clastidium. Furthermore, he is noted for having conquered the fortified city of Syracuse in a protracted siege during which Archimedes, the famous mathematician, scientist, and inventor, was killed, despite Marcellus ordering the soldiers under his command not to harm him.

#11830

John Henry Michell

John Henry Michell

1863 - 1940 (77 years)

John Henry Michell, FRS was an Australian mathematician and Professor of Mathematics at the University of Melbourne. Early life Michell was the son of John Michell , a miner, and his wife Grace, née Rowse, and was born in Maldon, Victoria. His parents had migrated from Devonshire in 1854. Educated first at Maldon, he went to Wesley College, Melbourne, in 1877, where he won the Draper and Walter Powell scholarships. In 1881 he began the arts course at the University of Melbourne, and qualified for the B.A. degree at the end of 1883. He had an outstanding course, heading the list with first-cl...

#11831

Julio Garavito Armero

Julio Garavito Armero

1865 - 1920 (55 years)

Julio Garavito Armero was a Colombian astronomer. Life Born in Bogotá, he was a child prodigy in science and mathematics. He obtained his degrees as mathematician and civil engineer in the Universidad Nacional de Colombia . In 1892, he worked as the director of the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional . His investigative works had been published in Los Anales de Ingeniería since 1890, seven years before he took over editing the publication.

#11832

Percey F. Smith

1867 - 1956 (89 years)

Percey Franklyn Smith was an American mathematician and professor of mathematics at Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University. Smith was born in Nyack, New York. He studied mathematics at Sheffield Scientific School of Yale college, finishing the regular course in 1888 and receiving the Doctor of Philosophy in 1891. Starting in 1888 he was instructor for mathematics in Yale until 1894, followed by academic studies in Germany and France at the universities of Göttingen, Berlin, Paris. After returning to Yale in 1896 he was assistant professor of mathematics until 1900, then professor unt...

#11833

Friedrich Schilling

1868 - 1950 (82 years)

Friedrich Georg Schilling was a German mathematician. Biography From 1887 Schilling studied mathematics at the University of Freiburg and the University of Göttingen, where he received his doctorate in 1893. His doctoral thesis Beiträge zur geometrischen Theorie der Schwarzschen s-Funktion was supervised by Felix Klein. At the University of Göttingen, Schilling was from 1891 to 1893 an assistant for the physical model and instrument collection. He habilitated in 1896 in Aachen and was, from August 1897 to April 1899, an adjunct professor at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. From 1899 h...

#11834

Ostilio Ricci

1540 - 1603 (63 years)

Ostilio Ricci da Fermo was an Italian mathematician. Biography He was a university professor in Florence at the Accademia delle Arti del Disegno, founded in 1560 by Giorgio Vasari. Ricci is also known for being Galileo Galilei's teacher.

#11835

Pietro Paoli

1759 - 1839 (80 years)

Pietro Paoli was an Italian mathematician. Life and work Paoli studied in the Jesuit college of his birthplace. In 1774 he went to University of Pisa to study Law. In Pisa he graduated in 1778, but he was more interested in physical and mathematical issues.

#11836

Jules Andrade

1857 - 1933 (76 years)

Jules Frédéric Charles Andrade was a French physicist, mathematician and horologist. He won the Poncelet Prize for 1917. Career After graduation from l’École polytechnique and military service in the artillery, he became a professor at the University of Rennes and later at the University of Montpellier. On 3 June 1899 he was an expert witness for Alfred Dreyfus in the famous trial during the Dreyfus Affair. He was a professor for 26 years at the Institut de Chronométrie at the University of Besançon. Andrade did research related to mechanical clocks.

#11837

John Cayo Evans

1879 - 1958 (79 years)

John Cayo Evans was a Welsh mathematician and academic. Life Evans was born on 1 March 1879 and educated at St David's College School, Lampeter, Wales. He then studied at University College, Aberystwyth and Jesus College, Oxford. At Oxford, he obtained first-class degrees in mathematics and Natural Science . He was a member of the Indian Educational Service from 1905 to 1922 before being appointed Professor of Mathematics at St David's College, Lampeter . He was High Sheriff of Cardiganshire for the year 1941 to 1942. He died on 8 March 1958. Evans was an early member of Plaid Cymru; ...

#11838

Ida Martha Metcalf

1857 - 1952 (95 years)

Ida Martha Metcalf was the second American woman to receive a PhD in mathematics. Early life Ida Metcalf was born in Texas to Charles A. and Martha C. Metcalf. During her youth, her family moved about the south. After her father’s death, she moved to New England with her mother and siblings. By 1870, she was living in Massachusetts, where she taught school for many years.

#11839

Giuseppe Bagnera

Giuseppe Bagnera

1865 - 1927 (62 years)

Giuseppe Bagnera was an Italian mathematician. Biography At the University of Palermo, Bagnera received his laurea in civil engineering in 1890 and then his laurea in mathematics in 1895. His teachers included Giovanni Battista Guccia, Francesco Gerbaldi ed Ernesto Cesàro. In 1899 he was appointed libero docente in algebraic analysis at the University of Palermo. He was appointed professor extraordinarius of infinitesimal calculus in 1901, then professor ordinarius in 1905, at the University of Messina, where he remained until the 1908 earthquake. He then taught at the University of Palermo ...

#11840

Morris Birkbeck Pell

1827 - 1879 (52 years)

Morris Birkbeck Pell was an American-Australian mathematician, professor, lawyer and actuary. He became the inaugural Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at the University of Sydney in 1852, and continued in the role until ill health enforced his retirement in 1877. He was for many years a member of the University Senate, and councillor and secretary of the Royal Society of New South Wales.

#11841

Winifred Sargent

1905 - 1979 (74 years)

Winifred Lydia Caunden Sargent was an English mathematician. She studied at Newnham College, Cambridge and carried out research into Lebesgue integration, fractional integration and differentiation and the properties of BK-spaces.

#11842

Rudolph Snellius

Rudolph Snellius

1546 - 1613 (67 years)

Rudolph Snel van Royen , Latinized as Rudolphus Snellius, was a Dutch linguist and mathematician who held appointments at the University of Marburg and the University of Leiden. Snellius was an influence on some of the leading political and intellectual forces of the Dutch Golden Age.

#11843

Earnshaw Cook

1900 - 1987 (87 years)

Earnshaw Cook was an early researcher and proponent of sabermetrics, the analysis of baseball through statistical means. Engineering A member of the Princeton University class of 1921, Cook was an engineer specializing in metallurgy. He spent most of his working life at the American Brake Shoe Co. in Mahwah, New Jersey, later consulting on the Manhattan Project before retiring from the industry in 1945. In the 1950s and 1960s, Cook worked as a mechanical engineering professor at Johns Hopkins University, where he published several academic papers.

#11844

Dmitrii Sintsov

Dmitrii Sintsov

1867 - 1946 (79 years)

Dmitrii Matveevich Sintsov was a Russian mathematician known for his work in the theory of conic sections and non-holonomic geometry. He took a leading role in the development of mathematics at the University of Kharkiv, serving as chairman of the Kharkov Mathematical Society for forty years, from 1906 until his death at the age of 78.

#11845

D. M. Smith

1884 - 1962 (78 years)

David Melville "Doc" Smith was an American professor and mathematician at the Georgia Institute of Technology . During his more than forty years at the school, he was particularly known for his teaching style and personality. Georgia Tech's D. M. Smith Building, which has housed numerous academic departments, is named in his honor.

#11846

Daniel da Silva

Daniel da Silva

1814 - 1878 (64 years)

Daniel da Silva was a Portuguese mathematician and marine officer. Born in Lisbon, he completed his first studies at the Portuguese Royal Naval Academy, and then proceeded his education in Mathematics at the University of Coimbra where he became a doctor.

#11847

Richard Pendlebury

1847 - 1902 (55 years)

Richard Pendlebury was a British mathematician, musician, bibliophile and mountaineer. Educated at Liverpool College, he went up to St John's College, Cambridge in 1866 and graduated senior wrangler in 1870: he was then elected to a college fellowship. He was appointed University Lecturer in Mathematics in 1888. He collected early mathematical books and printed music, donating his collections to his college and university. His presentation of a collection of music books and manuscripts to the Fitzwilliam Museum stimulated the formation of the Music Faculty at Cambridge University.

#11848

Arthur Sherburne Hardy

Arthur Sherburne Hardy

1847 - 1930 (83 years)

Arthur Sherburne Hardy was an American engineer, educator, editor, diplomat, novelist, and poet. Early life and education Hardy was born in 1847 in Andover, Massachusetts, the son of Alpheus and Susan W. Hardy. He received his elementary school education abroad and thus gained an exposure to languages. He attended Phillips Academy and completed one year at Amherst College before becoming a cadet at the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1865, where he excelled in languages. He graduated tenth in the class of 1869 and was commissioned a second lieutenant of artillery. His first d...

#11849

Aleksandr Nekrasov

1883 - 1957 (74 years)

Aleksandr Ivanovich Nekrasov was a Soviet and Russian mathematician known for his mathematical contributions to hydromechanics and aeromechanics. The Nekrasov integral equation describing surface waves is named for him.

#11850

Tommy Bonnesen

1873 - 1935 (62 years)

Tommy Bonnesen was a Danish mathematician, known for Bonnesen's inequality. Bonnesen studied at the University of Copenhagen, where in 1902 he received his Ph.D. with thesis Analytiske studier over ikke-euklidisk geometri . He was the Professor for Descriptive Geometry at the Polytekniske Læreanstalt.

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