The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
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List of the most influential people in Philosophy,
#13851
Satyavijaya Tirtha
Shri Satyavijaya Tirtha was an Indian Hindu philosopher, guru, and scholar. He was the successor of Satyapurna Tirtha and the 23rd pontiff of Uttaradi Math since Madhvacharya, the chief proponent and the one who rejuvenated this Dvaita philosophy and served the pontificate from 1726–1737.
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David Ferdinand Koreff
1783 - 1851 (68 years)
David Ferdinand Koreff was a German physician who was a personal doctor of Staatskanzler Karl August von Hardenberg and occupied one of the two chairs for animal magnetism created in 1817 at the University of Berlin. A personal friend of E.T.A. Hoffmann and a member of his literary club The Serapion Brethren , Koreff authored a treatise “Über die Erscheinungen des Lebens und über die Gesetze, nach denen es im menschlichen Organismus sich offenbart” and a volume of lyric poetry "Lyrische Gedichte" .
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John Peter Mettauer
1787 - 1875 (88 years)
John Peter Mettauer was an American surgeon and gynecologist. He was the son of surgeon Francis Joseph Mettauer. Biography John Peter Mettauer was born in Prince Edward County, Virginia in 1787. He was a pupil at Hampden-Sydney College, followed by studies at the University of Pennsylvania, where he obtained his medical doctorate in 1809. In 1837 he founded a private medical school located between Prince Edward Court House and Kingsville, Virginia. In 1847 he allied his school with Randolph-Macon College, becoming the first medical department at Randolph-Macon.
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Joachim Vadian
1484 - 1551 (67 years)
Joachim Vadian , born as Joachim von Watt, was a humanist, scholar, mayor and reformer in the free city of St. Gallen. Biography Vadian was born in St. Gallen into a family of wealthy and influential linen merchants. After having gone to school in St. Gallen, he moved to Vienna at the end of 1501, where he took up studies at faculty of arts the university, in particular under Conrad Celtis and Matthias Qualle.
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Stanisław Lentz
1861 - 1920 (59 years)
Stanisław Lentz was a Polish painter, portraitist, illustrator, and a professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw from 1909. Biography Stanisław Lentz was born in Warsaw, Poland, and studied at the Krakow School of Fine Arts with Feliks Szynalewski and Izydor Jabłoński 1877–1879, then continued his studies in Wojciech Gerson's drawing class in Warsaw. In 1880–1884 he studied abroad at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich with Alexander von Wagner and Gyula Benczúr, and in 1884–1887 at the Académie Julian in Paris.
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James Keill
1673 - 1719 (46 years)
James Keill was a Scottish physician, philosopher, medical writer and translator. He was an early proponent of mathematical methods in physiology. Life Born in Edinburgh on 27 March 1673 the son of Sarah Cockburn and Robert Keill, an Edinburgh lawyer. He was the younger brother of John Keill, and the nephew of William Cockburn. He was educated partly at home, studying under Andrew Massey and David Gregory at the University of Edinburgh, and partly on the continent, studying under Nicolas Lemery and Jean Guichard Duverney in Paris, followed by a period at Leyden University.
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Georg Grimm
1846 - 1887 (41 years)
Johann Georg Grimm was a German painter, designer and decorator who is best known for the work he produced during a lengthy stay in the Empire of Brazil. Biography He was the son of a successful carpenter and was initially trained to follow his father into the trade. When they were hired to do some work in the library at Rauhenzell Castle, he found himself fascinated by the art books and decided that he wanted to become a painter, so he worked his way across Bavaria, finally arriving in Munich in 1868, where he had accumulated just enough money to study at the Academy of Fine Arts under Karl von Piloty and Franz Adam.
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Bernardino Ramazzini
1633 - 1714 (81 years)
Bernardino Ramazzini was an Italian physician. Ramazzini, along with Francesco Torti, was an early proponent of the use of cinchona bark in the treatment of malaria. His most important contribution to medicine was his book on occupational diseases, De Morbis Artificum Diatriba .
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David Roberts
1796 - 1864 (68 years)
David Roberts was a Scottish painter. He is especially known for The Holy Land, Syria, Idumea, Arabia, Egypt, and Nubia, a prolific series of detailed lithograph prints of Egypt and the Near East that he produced from sketches he made during long tours of the region . These and his large oil paintings of similar subjects made him a prominent Orientalist painter. He was elected as a Royal Academician in 1841.
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Sir William Jenner, 1st Baronet
1815 - 1898 (83 years)
Sir William Jenner, 1st Baronet, GCB, QHP, FRCP, FRS was a significant English physician primarily known for having discovered the distinction between typhus and typhoid. Biography Jenner was born at Chatham on 30 January 1815, and educated at University College London. He became a Member of the Royal College of Surgeons of England in 1837, a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 1852, and in 1844 took the London M.D.
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Scipione Chiaramonti
1565 - 1652 (87 years)
Scipione Chiaramonti was an Italian philosopher and noted opponent of Galileo. Early life The Chiaramonti family was noble and wealthy, claiming to have originated in Clermont and moved to Italy in the fourteenth century. Pope Pius VII was from the same family. The son of a doctor, Scipione studied at the University of Ferrara, lodging first at the house of Cardinal Alessandro d’Este and later associating with the circle of Cardinal Curzio Sangiorgi. In 1588 he married Virginia Abbati, with whom he was to father twelve children . In 1592 he met Galileo, passing through Cesena on his way to P...
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Henry Clerke
1621 - 1687 (66 years)
Henry Clerke was an English academic and physician, President of Magdalen College, Oxford, from 1672. Life He was son of Thomas Clerke of Willoughby, Warwickshire, England, and matriculated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford, on 20 April 1635, at the age of 16. He obtained a demyship at Magdalen College, and was probationer fellow there from 1642 to 1667. He graduated B.A. on 4 December 1641, and M.A. on 21 June 1644. He was reader in logic at his college in 1643, bursar in 1653, 1656, and 1662, vice-president in 1655, and again in 1663. He seems to have submitted to the parliamentary visitors in May ...
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Juan Latino
1518 - Present (508 years)
Juan Latino was a Spanish professor of Ethiopian descent at the University of Granada during the sixteenth century. He could be considered the first African who studied at a European university and who reached a professorship on Grammar and Latin Language at the University of Granada.
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Buddhisagarsuri
1874 - 1925 (51 years)
Buddhisagarsuri was a Jain ascetic, philosopher and author from British India. Born in a Hindu family, he was influenced by a Jain monk and later was initiated in asceticism, and later elevated to the title of Acharya. He wrote more than hundred books.
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Pierre Grégoire
1540 - 1597 (57 years)
Pierre Grégoire was a French jurist and philosopher Career and key ideas Grégoire was born to a poor Catholic family in Toulouse. He studied the law and made a career for himself as an influential and at times controversial Catholic jurist. He taught law at Cahors and Toulouse from 1566 until 1582 when his patron, Charles III of Lorraine, procured a professorship in civil and canon law for him at the university of Pont à Mousson. Here Grégoire found himself colleague to the Scottish jurist William Barclay, best known for his invention of the term ‘monarchomach’ and his political treatise De Regno et Regali Potestate .
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Komitas
1869 - 1935 (66 years)
Soghomon Soghomonian, ordained and commonly known as Komitas, was an Armenian priest, musicologist, composer, arranger, singer, and choirmaster, who is considered the founder of the Armenian national school of music. He is recognized as one of the pioneers of ethnomusicology.
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Richard Walker
1679 - 1764 (85 years)
Richard Walker was a professor of moral philosophy at the University of Cambridge, noted as a supporter of Richard Bentley in his long legal battle with the fellowship of Trinity College. Life He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating Bachelor of Arts in 1706, Cambridge Master of Arts in 1710, Bachelor of Divinity in 1724, and Doctor of Divinity per regias literas in 1728. He was elected a Fellow of Trinity, but in 1708 left Cambridge to serve a curacy at Upwell in Norfolk. In 1717 Richard Bentley, who had a difference with the junior bursar, John Myers, removed him, and recalled Walker to Cambridge to fill his place.
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Thomas Nelson Baker Sr.
1860 - 1941 (81 years)
Reverend Dr. Thomas Nelson Baker, Sr. was a minister, author and philosopher. Born into slavery, Baker was the first African-American to receive a PhD in philosophy in the United States. Biography Baker was born in Eastville, Virginia, on August 11, 1860. His parents were Thomas Chadwick and Edith Nottingham Baker, who were slaves on Robert Nottingham's plantation in Northampton County, Virginia.
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Robert Bentley Todd
1809 - 1860 (51 years)
Robert Bentley Todd was an Irish-born physician who is best known for describing the condition postictal paralysis in his Lumleian Lectures in 1849 now known as Todd's palsy. Early life The son of physician Charles Hawkes Todd and Elizabeth Bentley , Robert was born in Dublin, Ireland, 9 April 1809. He was the younger brother of noted writer and minister Rev. James Henthorn Todd, D.D. He is the older brother of Rev. William Gowan Todd, D.D. and Armstrong Todd, MD.
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Giovanni Garzoni
1419 - 1505 (86 years)
Giovanni Garzoni was an Italian humanist and physician from Bologna, where he was professor of medicine and teacher of rhetoric. Biography Born in Bologna in 1419 as the son of Bernardo Garzoni, a physician and rhetoric. Already in his youth, Garzoni's main interest was rhetorics, when he may have been instructed by his father Bernardo Garzoni and by Giovanni Lamola, and met humanists like Leonardo Bruni. When his father became one of the physicians of pope Nicholas V , Giovanni went along with him to Rome. The earliest extant texts by Barzoni date from this period, including a 300 folio lon...
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William Angus Sinclair
1905 - 1954 (49 years)
William Angus Sinclair OBE TD FRSE DLitt was a 20th-century Scottish philosopher. Life He was born in Edinburgh on 27 September 1905 the son of Elizabeth Campbell and her husband, Captain John Sinclair of the Mercantile Marine. He was educated at George Watson's College then studied philosophy at the University of Edinburgh, graduating with an MA. In 1932 he began lecturing in logic at the University.
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John Wilson
1840 - 1901 (61 years)
"John Wilson the Revealer of Peyote" was a Caddo medicine man who introduced the Peyote plant into a religion, became a major leader in the Ghost Dance, and introduced a new peyote ceremony with teachings of Christ. John Wilson's Caddo name was Nishkû'ntu, meaning "Moon Head."
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Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider
1750 - 1822 (72 years)
Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider was a German classicist and naturalist. Biography Schneider was born at Collm in Saxony. In 1774, on the recommendation of Christian Gottlob Heine, he became secretary to the famous Strasbourg scholar Richard François Brunck, and in 1811 became professor of ancient languages and eloquence at Breslau where he died in 1822.
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Jakub Górski
1525 - 1583 (58 years)
Jakub Górski was a Polish Renaissance philosopher. Life Jakub Górski was an early Polish representative of Stoicism. He wrote a famous Dialectic and many works in grammar, rhetoric, theology and sociology. A professor at Kraków University, he was an erudite man whose Dialectic gives evidence of extensive acquaintance with new currents and authors, but he was more erudite than independent as a thinker. He tended to eclecticism and sought to reconcile the Stoics with Aristotle.
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Ludwig Traube
1818 - 1876 (58 years)
Ludwig Traube was a German physician and co-founder of the experimental pathology in Germany. Biography Ludwig Traube was a son of a Jewish wine merchant. In 1835, at age 17, he left the gymnasium in Ratibor. He studied medicine in Breslau, Berlin and Vienna. Among his teachers were Jan Evangelista Purkyně and Johannes Müller . Besides medicine, he was very active in philosophical studies; he especially appreciated the philosophy of Spinoza. In 1840 he received his doctorate , a work about pulmonary emphysema. Then he moved to Vienna to broaden his knowledge
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Michał Twaróg of Bystrzyków
1450 - 1520 (70 years)
Michał Twaróg of Bystrzyków was a Polish philosopher and theologian of the early 16th century. Life Michał Twaróg studied at Paris in 1473–77, during the period when, following the anathematization of the Nominalists , the Scotist school of philosophy enjoyed its greatest triumphs there. He brought Scotism to Poland and taught at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków from 1485, serving as its rector in 1513–14.
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Ebenezer Kinnersley
1711 - 1778 (67 years)
Ebenezer Kinnersley was an English scientist, inventor and lecturer, specializing in the investigation of electricity. Life and Scientific Studies Ebenezer Kinnersley was a son of Rev. William Kinnersley, an assistant pastor of the Lower Dublin Baptist church. Ebenezer became a member of this church while young, and in 1743 was ordained as a minister, but he never served as a pastor. He travelled to America with his parents in 1714. His early life was passed at Dublin, and then he went to Philadelphia, where he gave evidence of his genius as a scholar and mechanician. It is supposed that he ...
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Grzegorz of Stawiszyn
1481 - 1540 (59 years)
Grzegorz of Stawiszyn was a Polish philosopher and theologian. He was Rector of the University of Kraków in 1538–1540. Biography Grzegorz was born in Stawiszyn in 1481. He was an adherent of Nominalism, a metaphysical view in philosophy, revived in western Europe at the turn of the 16th century thanks to French philosopher Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples . Once Nominalism reappeared in Kraków and began taking precedence over Thomism and Scotism, Grzegorz of Stawiszyn, a Kraków professor, published Jacques d'Étaples works including his commentaries to works by Aristotle, beginning in 1510. As rector...
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Rembert Dodoens
1517 - 1585 (68 years)
Rembert Dodoens was a Flemish physician and botanist, also known under his Latinized name Rembertus Dodonaeus. He has been called the father of botany. Life Dodoens was born Rembert van Joenckema in Mechelen, then the capital of the Spanish Netherlands in 1517. His parents were Denis van Joenckema and Ursula Roelants. The van Joenckema family and name are Frisian in origin. Its members were active in politics and jurisprudence in Friesland and some had moved in 1516 to Mechelen. His father was one of the municipal physicians in Mechelen and a private physician to Margaret of Austria, Governor of the Netherlands, in her final illness.
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Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber
1739 - 1810 (71 years)
Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber , often styled J.C.D. von Schreber, was a German naturalist. Career Schreber was appointed professor of materia medica at the University of Erlangen in 1769. In 1774, he began writing a multivolume set of books entitled Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen, which focused on the mammals of the world. Many of the animals included were given a scientific name for the first time, following the binomial system of Carl Linnaeus. From 1791 until his death in 1810, he was the president of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1787.
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Samuel Ebbe Bring
1879 - 1965 (86 years)
Samuel Ebbe Bring was a Swedish librarian and historian. Biography Bring was born in Vinslöv Parish, Kristianstad County, to Ebbe Lars Bring and Klara Dorotea Bergman. From 1908 to 1909 he taught at the Palmgrenska samskolan. He became second librarian at the Royal Library of Sweden in 1909 and a doctor of philosophy at Lund University in 1912. From 1914 to 1944 he held the role of first librarian at Uppsala University Library. Among Bring's extensive writings are the history of the Trollhätte Canal , the Uppsala County Royal Agricultural Society , the history of the Göta Canal , the history ...
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Lawrence C. Wroth
1884 - 1970 (86 years)
Lawrence Counselman Wroth was an American historian and the author of The Colonial Printer, the definitive book on the American printing trade during the period of 1639 through 1800. Though he wrote hundreds of articles or books, Wroth was also a librarian and research professor.
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Alphonsus J. Donlon
1867 - 1923 (56 years)
Alphonsus J. Donlon was an American Catholic priest and Jesuit who spent his career in priestly ministry and academia, including as president of Georgetown University from 1912 to 1918. Born in Albany, New York, he garnered a reputation as a good student and an exceptional collegiate athlete. As a professor, he went on to lead Georgetown University's sports program, which enjoyed great success. As a result, he became known as the "father of Georgetown athletics."
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Paul Slevogt
1596 - 1655 (59 years)
Paul Slevogt was a German philologist and Aristotelian philosopher. Biography Paul Slevogt was born in Possendorf, a small town in central southern Germany which more recently, in 1994, was subsumed into Weimar. He was educated at a succession of schools in the area and then, in 1615, enrolled at the nearby University of Jena. He emerged five years later with a Magister degree and immediately started teaching. In 1621 he moved to Braunschweig where he became "Konrektor" at the town's secondary school . The virtuosity he displayed with his Latin verse won him plaudits and at least one important prize as a poet.
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Leonid Sabaneyev
1881 - 1968 (87 years)
Leonid Leonidovich Sabaneyev or Sabaneyeff or Sabaneev was a Russian musicologist, music critic, composer and scientist. He was the son of Leonid Pavlovich Sabaneyev, a famous hunting expert, and his brother Boris was also a musician.
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Madhusudan Gupta
1800 - 1856 (56 years)
Pandit Madhusudan Gupta was a Bengali Baidya translator and Ayurvedic practitioner who was also trained in Western medicine and is credited with having performed India's first human dissection at Calcutta Medical College in 1836, almost 3,000 years after Susruta.
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Rudolf Boehm
1844 - 1926 (82 years)
Rudolf Albert Martin Boehm was a German pharmacologist, known for his work in the field of experimental pharmacology. He studied medicine at the universities of Munich and Würzburg, and in 1868–70 served as an assistant to Franz von Rinecker at the Juliusspital in Würzburg. In 1871 he obtained his habilitation under Adolf Fick, then during the following year was named a professor of pharmacology, dietetics and history of medicine at the University of Dorpat. Later on, he worked as professor of pharmacology at the universities of Marburg and Leipzig , where on four separate occasions he was named dean to the medical faculty.
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Christian Martin Frähn
1782 - 1851 (69 years)
Christian Martin Joachim Frähn , German and Russian numismatist and historian, was born at Rostock, Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Frähn began his Oriental studies under Tychsen at the university of Rostock, and afterwards continued them at Göttingen and Tübingen. He became a Latin master in Pestalozzi's famous institute in 1804, taught at Rostock as a Privatdozent in 1806, and in the following year was chosen to fill the chair of Oriental languages in the Russian university of Kazan. Though in 1815 he was invited to succeed Tychsen at Rostock, he preferred to go to St Petersburg, where he became director of the Asiatic museum and councillor of state.
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Jeong Do-jeon
1342 - 1398 (56 years)
Jeong Do-jeon , also known by his art name Sambong , was a prominent Korean scholar-official during the late Goryeo to the early Joseon periods. He served as the first Chief State Councillor of Joseon, from 1392 until 1398 when he was killed by the Joseon king Yi Bang-won. Jeong Dojeon was an adviser to the Joseon founder Yi Seong-gye and also the principal architect of the Joseon dynasty's policies, laying down the kingdom's ideological, institutional, and legal frameworks which would govern it for five centuries.
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William Beebe
1877 - 1962 (85 years)
Charles William Beebe was an American naturalist, ornithologist, marine biologist, entomologist, explorer, and author. He is remembered for the numerous expeditions he conducted for the New York Zoological Society, his deep dives in the Bathysphere, and his prolific scientific writing for academic and popular audiences.
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Thomas Cauchi
1501 - 1601 (100 years)
Thomas Cauchi was a minor Maltese philosopher who specialised in law. Life Little is known about the private life of Thomas Cauchi. Neither his dates of birth and death nor his birthplace in Malta are identified as yet. He might have lectured at the Collegium Melitense see in Valletta. He surely lectured in Messina, Sicily. Unfortunately, most of the works of Cauchi are as yet lost. At least three are known to have existed, all dealing with the philosophy of law. Of these just one is still extant, which is the third volume of what is thought to have been a triad. Unfortunately, no known portr...
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Robert Livingston Rudolph
1865 - 1930 (65 years)
Robert Livingston Rudolph was an American bishop of the Reformed Episcopal Church. He was the first bishop to be raised with the church. Rudolph also served as Professor of Dogmatic Theology and Christian Ethics at the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Episcopal Church in Philadelphia for twenty-seven years before his death. Together Rudolph and his son, Robert Knight Rudolph, trained men for the gospel ministry at this institution for a total of seventy-four years. Rudolph was widely recognized as an outstanding preacher, teacher, scholar and bishop.
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Noël Coward
1899 - 1973 (74 years)
Sir Noël Peirce Coward was an English playwright, composer, director, actor, and singer, known for his wit, flamboyance, and what Time magazine called "a sense of personal style, a combination of cheek and chic, pose and poise".
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Armas Salonen
1915 - 1981 (66 years)
Armas Immanuel Salonen was a Finnish Assyriologist. Salonen graduated from high school in 1933. He studied at the University of Helsinki under professor Knut Tallqvist. Having obtained his bachelor's degree in 1936, he continued his studies in Germany and later on in the US, where he joined the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago in 1947. There he participated in the Chicago Assyrian Dictionary project under professor A. Leo Oppenheim, focusing on etymological references.
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Nicola Antonio Stigliola
1546 - 1623 (77 years)
Nicola Antonio Stigliola was an Italian philosopher, printer, architect, and medical doctor. He was a friend of Tommaso Campanella and Giordano Bruno and a member of the Accademia dei Lincei. He was an adherent of Copernican heliocentrism and of Bruno's ideas on Hermeticism and magic. He believed in the complex Pythagorean and Brunian cosmologies, including the view that the planets and stars were like the earth, covered in plants and animals: "Stigliola said to me...that it seemed irrational to him that bodies so much larger than the earth and the space between the center of the earth to th...
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Charles Mackinnon Douglas
1865 - 1924 (59 years)
Charles Mackinnon Douglas was a Scottish philosopher, agriculturist and Member of Parliament who represented North West Lanarkshire from 1899 to 1906. Education and academia Douglas was born in Edinburgh, and was educated at Edinburgh Academy, the University of Edinburgh and the University of Freiburg. He graduated the University of Edinburgh with first-class honours in philosophy in 1892 and later earned a doctorate from the same institution. He lectured at the university on moral philosophy for seven years. He was the author of studies of English philosopher John Stuart Mill, and co-author...
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Willemina Ogterop
1881 - 1974 (93 years)
Willemina Ogterop was a Dutch-American artist and stained glass window designer of almost 500 windows in 80 locations. Biography Ogterop was born in Maastricht in the Netherlands in 1881. After migrating to California in 1918 with her husband and four children, she worked in the Cummings Art Glass Studio in San Francisco as their principal designer from 1928 to 1953, designing nearly 500 stained glass windows, and creating more than 200 works of art in other media.
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Raman Viswanathan
1899 - 1982 (83 years)
Raman Viswanathan was an Indian chest physician, medical mycologist and pulmonologist, considered by many as the father of Chest Medicine in India. He was the founder director of Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, a postgraduate medical institute based in Delhi. An elected fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians, Royal College of Physicians of London, Indian National Science Academy and the Academy of Medical Sciences, United Kingdom, he was a recipient of several honors including the Forlanini Medal by Italian Tuberculosis Association and the Eugeno Morelli Prize of the National Academy of Sciences, Italy.
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Thomas Bewick
1753 - 1828 (75 years)
Thomas Bewick was an English wood-engraver and natural history author. Early in his career he took on all kinds of work such as engraving cutlery, making the wood blocks for advertisements, and illustrating children's books. He gradually turned to illustrating, writing and publishing his own books, gaining an adult audience for the fine illustrations in A History of Quadrupeds.
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Peter Lauremberg
1585 - 1639 (54 years)
Peter Lauremberg was a writer, professor and rector at the University of Rostock in the seventeenth century. Life Son of another professor, Wilhelm Lauremberg, Peter Lauremberg was born in Rostock in 1585, and like his father before him he studied medicine and astronomy at Rostock, where he earned his Master's degree in 1607. The following year he began his medical studies at Leiden. He travelled in Belgium and France, tutoring, and in 1611 took out his Doctor of Medicine in Paris. His first university appointment was at the University of Montauban where he taught philosophy.
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