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Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines

Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.

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List of the most influential people in Philosophy,

#14551

Laurens Perseus Hickok

1798 - 1888 (90 years)

Laurens Perseus Hickok , American philosopher and divine, was born in Connecticut. Biography He took his degree at Union College in 1820. Until 1836 he was occupied in active pastoral work, and was then appointed professor of theology at the Western Reserve College, Ohio, and later at the Auburn Theological Seminary in Auburn, New York.

#14552

Jean Bourdeau

1848 - 1928 (80 years)

Jean Bourdeau was a French writer, known for his books on aspects of socialism. He was also a translator of Schopenhauer, and an early adopter in France of some of the thought of Nietzsche. He wrote on a wide range of subjects, from Johannes Janssen to Maxim Gorky and the rising personality cult of Lenin. He contributed in particular to the Journal des Débats, on contemporary philosophy

#14553

Sophia Jex-Blake

Sophia Jex-Blake

1840 - 1912 (72 years)

Sophia Louisa Jex-Blake was an English physician, teacher, and feminist. She led the campaign to secure women access to a university education, when six other women and she, collectively known as the Edinburgh Seven, began studying medicine at the University of Edinburgh in 1869. She was the first practising female doctor in Scotland, and one of the first in the wider United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; a leading campaigner for medical education for women, she was involved in founding two medical schools for women, in London and Edinburgh, at a time when no other medical schools were...

#14554

Robert Henry Perry

#14555

Victor F. Tapson

#14556

Andrew D. Blann

#14557

James Allen

1864 - 1912 (48 years)

James Allen was a British philosophical writer known for his inspirational books and poetry and as a pioneer of the self-help movement. His best known work, As a Man Thinketh, has been mass-produced since its publication in 1902. It has been a source of inspiration to motivational and self-help authors.

#14558

Susan Taubes

1928 - 1969 (41 years)

Susan Taubes was a Hungarian-American writer and intellectual. Taubes was born in Budapest, Hungary, into a Jewish family. Her grandfather Mózes Feldmann was the head of the Conservative or "Status Quo" branch of the divided Hungarian rabbinate in Pest, and her father Sándor Feldmann was a psychoanalyst of Sándor Ferenczi's school, though the two colleagues had a falling out in 1923.

#14559

Kanokogi Kazunobu

1884 - 1949 (65 years)

Kanokogi Kazunobu 鹿子木員信 was a Japanese professor, philosopher, mountaineer, author and war criminal. After training as a naval engineer, he saw combat in the Russo-Japanese War; after converting to Christianity he resigned his commission and travelled to the United States to study theology at Union Theological Seminary and philosophy at Columbia University.

#14560

Frank Lynn Iber

#14561

E. S. Russell

1887 - 1954 (67 years)

Edward Stuart Russell OBE FLS was a Scottish biologist and philosopher of biology. Russell was born near Glasgow. He studied at Greenock Academy and later at Glasgow University under Sir Graham Kerr and worked with J. Arthur Thompson after he graduated. He was influenced by his friend Patrick Geddes and in his zoological studies, sought to find holistic principles. He also believed in Lamarckian heritability. He was involved in fishery research, working on research vessels and publishing on the biology of cephalopods and quantitative methods for gathering fishery data. He also worked as Scottish Fisheries expert, Inspector of Fisheries and as an advisor to HM Government.

#14562

Gregory of Rimini

Gregory of Rimini

1300 - 1358 (58 years)

Gregory of Rimini , also called Gregorius de Arimino or Ariminensis, was one of the great scholastic philosophers and theologians of the Middle Ages. He was the first scholastic writer to unite the Oxonian and Parisian traditions in 14th-century philosophy, and his work had a lasting influence in the Late Middle Ages and Reformation. His scholastic nicknames were Doctor acutus and Doctor authenticus.

#14563

Paul Bril

1556 - 1626 (70 years)

Paul Bril was a Flemish painter and printmaker principally known for his landscapes. He spent most of his active career in Rome. His Italianate landscapes had a major influence on landscape painting in Italy and Northern Europe.

#14564

Burton Edward Livingston

1875 - 1948 (73 years)

Burton Edward Livingston was an American plant physiologist, born at Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was educated at the University of Michigan and the University of Chicago , where he worked as an assistant from 1899 to 1905. He published Róle of Diffusion and Osmotic Pressure in Plants . In 1913, Livingston became the professor of plant physiology at Johns Hopkins University. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1914. He also served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as the Society for Science and the Public, from 1930 to 1937. He was elected to th...

#14565

John Bulwer

1606 - 1656 (50 years)

John Bulwer was an English physician and early Baconian natural philosopher who wrote five works exploring the Body and human communication, particularly by gesture. He was the first person in England to propose educating deaf people, the plans for an Academy he outlines in Philocophus and The Dumbe mans academie.

#14566

Carsun Chang

1886 - 1969 (83 years)

Carsun Chang Biography A pioneering theorist of human rights in the Chinese context, Chang established his own small "Third Force" democratic party during the Nationalist era. Chang supported German-style social democracy while opposing capitalism, communism, and guild socialism. He supported socialization of major industries such as railroads and mines to be run by a combination of government officials, technicians, and consumers. The development of a mixed economy in China, like that advocated by the Social Democratic Party of Germany under Philipp Scheidemann.

#14567

Karl von Piloty

Karl von Piloty

1826 - 1886 (60 years)

Karl Theodor von Piloty was a German painter, noted for his historical subjects, and recognised as the foremost representative of the realistic school in Germany. Life and work Piloty was born in Munich. His father, Ferdinand Piloty , enjoyed a great reputation as a lithographer. In 1840, Karl was admitted as a student of the Munich Academy, under the artists Karl Schorn and Julius Schnorr von Karolsfeld. A year later the acclaimed history paintings , i.e. the Compromise of the nobles and The Abdication of Charles V by the two Belgian artists Edouard de Bièfve and Louis Gallait, were shown i...

#14568

Saint Lawrence

225 - 258 (33 years)

Saint Lawrence or Laurence was one of the seven deacons of the city of Rome under Pope Sixtus II who were martyred in the persecution of the Christians that the Roman Emperor Valerian ordered in 258.

#14569

Wojciech Gerson

Wojciech Gerson

1831 - 1901 (70 years)

Wojciech Gerson was a leading Polish painter of the mid-19th century, and one of the foremost representatives of the Polish school of Realism during the foreign Partitions of Poland. He served as long-time professor of the School of Fine Arts in Warsaw, and taught future luminaries of Polish neo-romanticism including Józef Chełmoński, Leon Wyczółkowski, Władysław Podkowiński, Józef Pankiewicz and Anna Bilińska-Bohdanowiczowa among others. He also wrote art-reviews and published a book of anatomy for the artists. A large number of his paintings were stolen by Nazi Germany in World War II, and ...

#14570

John Millott Ellis

1831 - 1894 (63 years)

John Millott Ellis was a 19th-century abolitionist minister and intellectual who served as acting President of Oberlin College in 1871. He was a professor of philosophy at Oberlin from 1866 to 1896.

#14571

William Leslie Davidson

1848 - 1929 (81 years)

William Leslie Davidson was a Scottish philosopher. Early life Davidson was born and raised in Old Rayne, a village in the north-east of Scotland, near Aberdeen. He was educated at Aberdeen University before embarking on a career and life dedicated to philosophy.

#14572

T. E. Jessop

1896 - 1980 (84 years)

Thomas Edmund Jessop, was a British academic best known for his work on George Berkeley. Biography Jessop was born, the son of Newton and Georgiana Jessop, in Huddersfield on 10 September 1896. He was educated at the University of Leeds, where he received his B.A. and M.A. . He gained his B.Litt from Oriel College, Oxford. From 1925 to 1928 he was an assistant lecturer at the University of Glasgow.

#14573

Joseph Grasset

1849 - 1918 (69 years)

Joseph Grasset , was a French neurologist and parapsychological investigator, born in Montpellier. He received his medical degree in Montpellier, where in 1881 he became a professor of therapy. In 1886, he attained the chair of clinical medicine, and in 1909 was appointed chair of general pathology.

#14574

Friedrich Harms

1819 - 1880 (61 years)

Friedrich Harms was a German realist philosopher, much influenced by Fichte. He studied philosophy at the University of Kiel as a pupil of Heinrich Moritz Chalybäus. In 1842 he obtained his habilitation for philosophy at Kiel, where he later became an associate professor . In 1867 he relocated to the University of Berlin as a professor of philosophy.

#14575

Charles Carroll Everett

1829 - 1900 (71 years)

Charles Carroll Everett was an American divine and philosopher. Early life and education Charles was born on June 19, 1829, in Brunswick, Maine, to Ebenezer Everett and Joanna Batchedler Prince. His father was a prominent citizen of Brunswick, a Harvard educated lawyer, banker, and long-time trustee of Bowdoin College. During the 1840s he was also elected to represent Brunswick in the Maine Legislature. The Everetts were an old, notable, and well connected New England family. Among his father's first cousins were Massachusetts Senator and Secretary of State Edward Everett and Ambassador Alexander Hill Everett.

#14576

Friedrich Bernhard Ferdinand Michelis

Friedrich Bernhard Ferdinand Michelis

1815 - 1886 (71 years)

Friedrich Bernhard Ferdinand Michelis was a German theologian and philosopher born in Münster. Biography He studied philosophy and theology at the Academy of Münster, receiving his ordination in 1838. From 1845 he was a chaplain and school teacher in Duisburg, and later an instructor at the Episcopal Theological Institute in Paderborn. From 1855 to 1864 he served as pastor in Münster-Albachten, and from 1864 to 1872 was a professor of philosophy at the Lyceum in Braunsberg. In 1860 he participated in the Erfurt conference that would lead to Julie von Massow's Ut Omnes Unum movement, which so...

#14577

Thomas Vaughan

1621 - 1666 (45 years)

Thomas Vaughan was a Welsh clergyman, philosopher, and alchemist, who wrote in English. He is now remembered for his work in the field of natural magic. He also published under the pseudonym Eugenius Philalethes.

#14578

Im Yunjidang

1721 - 1793 (72 years)

Im Yunjidang was a Korean writer and neo-Confucian philosopher from the Chosŏn dynasty . She defended the right for a woman to become a Confucian master and argued that men and women did not differ in their human nature by interpretations of Confucianism values in moral self-cultivation and human nature.

#14579

Adam de Wodeham

1298 - 1358 (60 years)

Adam of Wodeham, OFM was a philosopher and theologian. Currently, Wodeham is best known for having been a secretary of William Ockham and for his interpretations of John Duns Scotus. But Wodeham was also an influential thinker in his own right who made valuable philosophical contributions during his life.

#14580

Nicolaus Hieronymus Gundling

Nicolaus Hieronymus Gundling

1671 - 1729 (58 years)

Nicolaus Hieronymus Gundling , was a German jurist and eclectic philosopher. He was born in Kirchensittenbach, and died in Magdeburg. He was the brother of Jacob Paul von Gundling, Court Historiographer to King Frederick I of Prussia, who became a figure of ridicule in the "Tobacco Cabinet" of Frederick William I.

#14581

Saint Florian

250 - 304 (54 years)

Florian was a Christian holy man and the patron saint of chimney sweeps; soapmakers, and firefighters. His feast day is 4 May. Florian is also the patron saint of Poland, the city of Linz, Austria, and Upper Austria, jointly with Leopold III, Margrave of Austria.

#14582

Vladimir Becić

1886 - 1954 (68 years)

Vladimir Becić was a Croatian painter, best known for his early work in Munich, which had a strong influence on the direction of modern art in Croatia. Becić studied painting in Munich at the prestigious Academy of Arts along with Oskar Herman, Miroslav Kraljević and Josip Račić. This group of Croatian artists are known as the Munich Circle or Munich Four, and are very important figures in Croatian art of the 20th century. After Munich, Becić spent 2 years studying and working in Paris before returning to Zagreb in 1910.

#14583

William Smellie

William Smellie

1740 - 1795 (55 years)

William Smellie was a Scottish printer who edited the first edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica. He was also a naturalist and antiquary. He was a joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, co-founder of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, and a friend of Robert Burns.

#14584

Christiaan Eijkman

Christiaan Eijkman

1858 - 1930 (72 years)

Christiaan Eijkman was a Dutch physician and professor of physiology whose demonstration that beriberi is caused by poor diet led to the discovery of antineuritic vitamins . Together with Sir Frederick Hopkins, he received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1929 for the discovery of vitamins.

#14585

Dharmakīrtiśrī

950 - Present (1076 years)

Dharmakīrtiśrī , also known as Kulānta and Suvarṇadvipi Dharmakīrti, was a renowned 10th century Buddhist teacher remembered as a key teacher of Atiśa. His name refers to the region he lived, somewhere in Lower Burma, the Malay Peninsula or Sumatra.

#14586

Robert Christison

Robert Christison

1797 - 1882 (85 years)

Sir Robert Christison, 1st Baronet, was a Scottish toxicologist and physician who served as president of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh and as president of the British Medical Association . He was the first person to describe renal anaemia.

#14587

Georg Mehlis

1878 - 1942 (64 years)

Georg Mehlis was a German neo-Kantian philosopher. Initially he was a philosopher of history in the style of Heinrich Rickert. He edited Logos, Internationale Zeitschrift für Philosophie der Kultur, from 1910 , with contributions by many leading German intellectual figures; which had an Italian stable-mate from 1914.

#14588

Sheldon Greenfield

#14589

Gaspare Tagliacozzi

Gaspare Tagliacozzi

1545 - 1599 (54 years)

Gaspare Tagliacozzi was an Italian surgeon, pioneer of plastic and reconstructive surgery. Biography Tagliacozzi was born in Bologna. Tagliacozzi began his medical studies in 1565. He studied at the University of Bologna under Gerolamo Cardano for medicine, Ulisse Aldrovandi for natural sciences and Julius Caesar Aranzi for anatomy. At the age of twenty-four, he earned his degree in philosophy and medicine.

#14590

T. C. Chao

1888 - 1979 (91 years)

Tzu-ch'en Chao , also known as T. C. Chao, was one of the leading Protestant theological thinkers in China in the early twentieth century. Life Chao was born on February 14, 1888, in Xinshi, Deqing County, Zhejiang, China. In 1903, at the age of fifteen, he chose to pursue a Western-style education, and enrolled in a secondary school affiliated with Soochow University. He was admitted to the university a few years later.

#14591

Gessius of Petra

Gessius of Petra was a physician, iatrosophist and pagan philosopher active in Alexandria in the late 5th and early 6th century. Gessius was a native of the region of Petra. According to Damascius, who is the main source for Gessius' biography in the Suda, he was from Petra itself. Stephanus of Byzantium, on the other hand, writes that he came from the agricultural region of el-Ji not far from Petra. His father's name is unknown. He may have been descended from the Gessius who was a student and correspondent of Libanius and was active in Egypt in the 4th century. He studied under Domnus, who was Jewish.

#14592

María Pascuala Caro Sureda

1768 - 1827 (59 years)

María Pascuala Caro Sureda , was the second woman Doctor of Philosophy in Spain. She was born to the marqués de La Romana, Pere Caro Fontes, and Margalida Sureda de Togores. She was given a high education and taught Latin, which was not usual for women, and her mother arranged for all her children to be given a formal education. She was allowed to study at the University of Valencia, which was highly unusual for a woman, and was even allowed to graduate: she became a Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Valencia in 1779, as the second of her sex in Spain, and published her work in physic...

#14593

Nakae Tōju

1608 - 1648 (40 years)

Nakae Tōju was a writer and Confucian scholar of early Edo period Japan popularly known as "the Sage of Ōmi". Biography Nakae was the eldest son of a farmer in Ōmi Province. When he was nine years old, he was adopted by his grandfather, Yoshinaga Tokuzaemon, who was a samurai with a stipend of 150 koku serving Yonago Domain in Hoki Province. In 1617, the daimyō of Yonago, Kato Sadayasu was transferred to Ōzu Domain in Iyo Province and Nakae relocated to Shikoku with his grandparents. In 1622, his grandfather died and Nakae inherited a position with a stipend of 100 koku. However, in 1634, at...

#14594

Cosimo Boscaglia

1550 - 1621 (71 years)

Cosimo Boscaglia was a professor of philosophy at the University of Pisa in Italy. He is the first person known to have accused Galileo of possible heresy for defending the heliocentric system of Copernicus, in 1613.

#14595

Judah Messer Leon

1422 - 1498 (76 years)

Judah ben Jehiel, , more usually called Judah Messer Leon , was an Italian rabbi, teacher, physician, and philosopher. Through his works, assimilating and embodying the intellectual approach of the best Italian universities of the time, yet setting it inside the intellectual culture of Jewish tradition, he is seen as a quintessential example of a hakham kolel , a scholar who excelled in both secular and rabbinic studies, the Hebrew equivalent of a Renaissance man. This was the ideal he tried to instil in his students. One of his students was Yohanan Alemanno.

#14596

Adrastus of Aphrodisias

Adrastus of Aphrodisias was a Peripatetic philosopher who lived in the first half of the 2nd century AD. He was the author of a treatise on the arrangement of Aristotle's writings and his system of philosophy which was quoted by Simplicius, and by Achilles Tatius. Some commentaries of his on the Timaeus of Plato are also quoted by Porphyry, which was also used by Theon of Smyrna in the surviving sections of his On Mathematics Useful for the Understanding of Plato. and a treatise on the Categories of Aristotle by Galen.

#14597

Alexander of Aegae

Alexander of Aegae was a Peripatetic philosopher who flourished in Rome in the 1st century AD, and was a disciple of the celebrated mathematician Sosigenes of Alexandria. He was tutor to the emperor Nero. He wrote commentaries on the Categories and the De Caelo of Aristotle. He had a son named Caelinus or Caecilius. Attempts in the 19th century to ascribe some of the works of Alexander of Aphrodisias to Alexander of Aegae have been shown to be mistaken.

#14598

Nikifor Vilonov

Nikifor Vilonov

1883 - 1910 (27 years)

Nikifor Efremovic Vilonov was a Russian revolutionary affiliated to the Bolsheviks who was imprisoned and then forced into exile, dying in Davos, Switzerland in 1910. He wrote philosophical tracts which influenced Alexander Bogdanov and was secretary of the Capri Party School established by Bogdanov, Lunacharsky and Gorky in 1909. Nevertheless, he sided with Lenin during the Bogdanov-Lenin philosophical dispute.

#14599

Robert Smith

1689 - 1768 (79 years)

Robert Smith was an English mathematician. Life Smith was probably born at Lea near Gainsborough, the son of John Smith, the rector of Gate Burton, Lincolnshire and his wife Hannah Cotes. After attending Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School, Gainsborough he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1708, and becoming minor fellow in 1714, major fellow in 1715 and senior fellow in 1739, was chosen Master in 1742, in succession to Richard Bentley. From 1716 to 1760 he was Plumian Professor of Astronomy, and he died in the Master's Lodge at Trinity.

#14600

Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi

Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi

1863 - 1936 (73 years)

Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi was a prominent Iraqi poet and philosopher. He is regarded as one of the greatest contemporary poets of the Arab world and was known for his defence of women's rights. Biography Jamil Sidqi al-Zahawi was born on 18 June 1863 in Baghdad. He descended from a prominent family of Kurdish origin, His father was the Mufti of Iraq and a member of the scholarly Baban clan. His parents separated soon after the children were born and the children's mother returned to her family, taking her children with her. His father, who was partial to Jamil's intelligence and quick temper, decided to raise the boy himself.

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