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List of the most influential people in Philosophy,

#15601

Jedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi

1270 - 1340 (70 years)

Jedaiah ben Abraham Bedersi was a Jewish poet, physician, and philosopher; born at Béziers . His Occitan name was En Bonet, which probably corresponds to the Hebrew name Tobiah; and, according to the practices of Hachmei Provence, he occasionally joined to his name that of his father, Abraham Bedersi.

#15602

Liu Shipei

1884 - 1919 (35 years)

Liu Shipei was a philologist, Chinese anarchist, and revolutionary activist. While he and his wife, He Zhen were in exile in Japan he became a fervent nationalist. He then saw the doctrines of anarchism as offering a path to social revolution while remaining intent on preserving China's cultural essence, especially Taoism and the records of China's pre-imperial history. In 1909 he unexpectedly returned to China to work for the Manchu Qing government and after 1911 supported Yuan Shikai's attempt to become emperor. After Yuan's death in 1916 he joined the faculty at Peking University. He died ...

#15603

Frank Hugh Foster

1851 - 1935 (84 years)

Frank Hugh Foster, Ph. D., D.D. was an American clergyman of the Congregational church. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, and graduated at Harvard in 1873. In his activities, he was assistant professor of mathematics in the United States Naval Academy, graduated at Andover Theological Seminary , served as pastor at North Reading, Massachusetts, studied at Göttingen and Leipzig , and from 1882 to 1884 was professor of philosophy in Middlebury College. In 1884 he was appointed professor of Church history in the Oberlin Theological Seminary; from 1892 to 1902, he served at Berkeley, ...

#15604

Friedrich Calker

1790 - 1870 (80 years)

Friedrich Calker , German philosopher, was educated in Jena. For a short time, he was a lecturer in Berlin. In 1818, he was called to an extraordinary professorship in the newly founded University of Bonn, becoming an ordinary professor in 1826. He substantially echoed the ideas of his teacher Jakob Fries. His two major works are Urgesetzlehre des Wahren, Guten und Schönen und Denklehre .

#15605

Charles Morris, Baron Morris of Grasmere

1898 - 1990 (92 years)

Charles Richard Morris, Baron Morris of Grasmere, was an academic philosopher and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Leeds. Early life and education Morris was born in Sutton Valence, Kent. He was educated at Tonbridge School and at Trinity College, Oxford from which he received a BA, later converted to MA.

#15606

Ernst Hallier

1831 - 1904 (73 years)

Ernst Hallier was a German botanist and mycologist. As a young man he was trained as a gardener, later studying botany at the universities of Berlin, Jena and Göttingen. From 1858 he served as an instructor at the Pharmaceutical Institute in Jena, where in 1860 he obtained his habilitation. In 1865 he became an associate professor, resigning his professorship 19 years later .

#15607

William Gilbert

William Gilbert

1544 - 1603 (59 years)

#15608

Arnaldus de Villa Nova

Arnaldus de Villa Nova

1240 - 1311 (71 years)

Arnaldus de Villa Nova was a physician and a religious reformer. He is credited with translating a number of medical texts from Arabic, including works by Ibn Sina Avicenna, Abu-l-Salt, and Galen. Biography

#15609

Hermodorus

400 BC - Present (2426 years)

Hermodorus , an Ephesian who lived in the 4th century BC, was an original member of Plato's Academy and was present at the death of Socrates. He is said to have circulated the works of Plato , and to have sold them in Sicily. Hermodorus himself appears to have been a philosopher, for we know the titles of two works that were attributed to him: On Plato , and On Mathematics .

#15610

Giovanni Battista Doni

1595 - 1647 (52 years)

Giovanni Battista Doni was an Italian musicologist and humanist who made an extensive study of ancient music. He is known, among other works, for having renamed the note "Ut" to "Do" in solfège. In his day, he was a well-known lawyer, classical scholar, critic and musical theorist, and from 1640 to 1647 he occupied the Chair of Eloquence at the University of Florence and was a prominent member of the city's Accademia della Crusca, the premier academic philologic society of Florence and Italy at the time. They had published the first Italian-language dictionary and grammar in 1612.

#15611

Helen Wodehouse

1880 - 1964 (84 years)

Helen Marion Wodehouse was a British philosopher and Mistress of Girton College, Cambridge. She was also the first woman to hold a professorial chair at the University of Bristol. Life and education Helen Wodehouse was born on 12 October 1880 in Bratton Fleming, North Devon. She was one of four children of the Reverend Philip John Wodehouse , and his wife, Marion Bryan Wallas, meaning Helen and P.G. were cousins. She was educated at Notting Hill High School in London, where her aunt Katharine Wallas was teaching mathematics and in 1898 she won an exhibition to Girton College, Cambridge to read mathematics.

#15612

Louis Jurine

1751 - 1819 (68 years)

Louis Jurine was a Swiss physician, surgeon and naturalist mainly interested in entomology. He lived in Geneva. Surgeon He studied surgery in Paris and quickly acquired a great reputation for his expertise in medicine and natural history beyond that which he had in Geneva. He taught courses in anatomy and surgery at the Société des Arts in Geneva and was made honorary professor of zoology at the Academy . He also founded a maternity hospice in 1807 and was awarded prizes for his work on the gasses of the human body, artificial feeding of infants, and pectoral angina.

#15613

Ioannis Chalkeus

1667 - Present (359 years)

Ioannis Chalkeus or Chalkias, was an Aromanian scholar, philosopher and figure of the modern Greek Enlightenment. He was born in Moscopole, a major 18th century intellectual and commercial center of the Balkans . Chalkeus initially studied in the Greek college of his native town and then went to Rome where he converted to Catholicism. Chalkeus became director and teacher of the Greek school in Venice, the Flanginian, from 1694 to 1703 and from 1712 to 1716. He probably returned to Moscopole where he continued to teach.

#15614

Léger Marie Deschamps

1716 - 1774 (58 years)

Léger Marie Deschamps , Benedictine monk, known under his Benedictine name of Dom Deschamps, was a French philosopher and utopian socialist, who taught a form of modified Spinozism. Metaphysics During his lifetime he published very little, but corresponded with most of the leaders of the French Enlightenment. Rediscovered in 1862, he was hailed as a precursor of Hegel. His metaphysical system anticipates Hegel by asserting that truth includes contradictory elements, and he had much to say about how the concept Being collapses into that of Nothing. There was a further revival of interest in h...

#15615

D. J. B. Hawkins

1906 - 1964 (58 years)

Denis John Bernard Hawkins was a British philosopher and Roman Catholic priest. Hawkins was born in Thornton Heath and attended Whitgift School, Croydon. He obtained his doctorates in philosophy and theology from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome.

#15616

Ivan Sarailiev

1887 - 1969 (82 years)

Ivan Sarailiev was a Bulgarian philosopher related to the school of pragmatism.; he finished his major book Pragmatism in 1938 quoting from Charles Sanders Peirce’s Collected Papers. Sarailiev was the first pragmatist in Eastern Europe and also a "very early pragmatist". He also introduced the idea of implied reader in his reception theory as early as in Savremennata nauka y religiata .

#15617

Ma Chao

176 - 222 (46 years)

Ma Chao , courtesy name Mengqi, was a Chinese military general and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty and early Three Kingdoms period of China. A descendant of the general Ma Yuan, Ma Chao was the eldest son of Ma Teng, a prominent warlord in Liang Province . In 211, he formed a coalition with Han Sui and other northwestern warlords and revolted against the Han central government, which was led by the warlord Cao Cao. The coalition broke up after losing the Battle of Tong Pass against Cao Cao's forces. Ma Chao initially retreated, but later returned to attack and seize control ...

#15618

John Latham

1740 - 1837 (97 years)

John Latham was an English physician, naturalist and author. His main works were A General Synopsis of Birds and General History of Birds . He was able to examine specimens of Australian birds which reached England in the last twenty years of the 18th century, and was responsible for providing English names for many of them. He named some of Australia's most famous birds, including the emu, sulphur-crested cockatoo, wedge-tailed eagle, superb lyrebird, Australian magpie, magpie-lark and pheasant coucal. He was also the first to describe the hyacinth macaw. Latham has been called the "grandfa...

#15619

Eduard de Muralt

Eduard de Muralt

1808 - 1895 (87 years)

Eduard de Muralt was a Swiss-German professor of theology, librarian, and palaeographer. Born in Bischofszell, as son of Kaspar, a dealer, and of Elizabeth Sprüngli. Studies of theology in Zurich , then of philology and philosophy in Berlin, Jena and Paris. Muralt emigrated to Russia in 1834, took the German Protestant parish of St. Petersburg , he was a librarian of the Imperial Hermitage , and described Greek manuscripts housed in the library. He examined also the Codex Vaticanus in the Vatican Library.

#15620

Ion Dragoumis

1878 - 1920 (42 years)

Ion Dragoumis was a Greek diplomat, philosopher, writer and revolutionary. Biography Born in Athens, Dragoumis was the son of Stephanos Dragoumis who was foreign minister under Charilaos Trikoupis. The Dragoumis family was a prominent Greek family, which originated from Vogatsiko in Kastoria regional unit. Ion's great-grandfather, Markos Dragoumis , was a member of the Filiki Eteria revolutionary organisation.

#15621

Johann Heinrich Bisterfeld

1605 - 1655 (50 years)

Johann Heinrich Bisterfeld was a German philosopher, logician and encyclopedic writer from Siegen. A follower of Ramus and pupil of Johann Heinrich Alsted at the Herborn Academy , Bisterfeld became head of the academy in Weissenburg in Transylvania, where he died.

#15622

Géza Révész

1878 - 1955 (77 years)

Géza Révész was a Hungarian-Dutch psychologist of Jewish heritage, and is regarded as one of the pioneers of European psychology. Life Révész was born in the Siófok, Hungary, a town located at Lake Balaton, where his father owned a famous vineyard. He studied law in Budapest and received his doctorate in 1902, when he finished his dissertation entitled Das Trauerjahr der Witwe.

#15623

Charmadas

168 BC - 103 BC (65 years)

Charmadas was a Greek Academic Skeptic philosopher and a disciple of Carneades at the Academy in Athens. He was famous for his elegant style. Charmadas introduced the teaching of rhetoric into the Academy and is said to have had many students. He was a pupil of Carneades for seven years and later he led his own school in the Ptolemaion, a gymnasium in Athens. He was from Alexandria and seems to have lived there, before he went to Athens around 145 BC He was an excellent rhetorician and famous for his outstanding memory and for his ability to memorize whole books and then recite them. Like Philo of Larissa he seems to have pursued a more moderate philosophical scepticism.

#15624

Wilhelm von Kaulbach

Wilhelm von Kaulbach

1805 - 1874 (69 years)

Wilhelm von Kaulbach was a German painter, noted mainly as a muralist, but also as a book illustrator. His murals decorate buildings in Munich. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting.

#15625

Paolo Giovio

1483 - 1552 (69 years)

Paolo Giovio was an Italian physician, historian, biographer, and prelate. Early life Little is known about Giovio's youth. He was a native of Como; his family was from the Isola Comacina of Lake Como. His father, a notary, died around 1500. He was educated under the direction of his elder brother Benedetto, a humanist and historian. Although interested in literature, he was sent to Padua to study medicine. He graduated in 1511.

#15626

Obadiah ben Jacob Sforno

1470 - 1550 (80 years)

Ovadia ben Jacob Sforno was an Italian rabbi, Biblical commentator, philosopher and physician. A member of the Sforno family, he was born in Cesena about 1475 and died in Bologna in 1549. Biography After acquiring in his native town a thorough knowledge of Hebrew, rabbinic literature, mathematics, and philosophy, he went to Rome to study medicine. There his learning won for him a prominent place among scholars; and when Reuchlin was at Rome and desired to perfect his knowledge of Hebrew literature, Cardinal Domenico Grimani advised him to apply to Obadiah.

#15627

Joseph Vialatoux

Joseph Vialatoux

1880 - 1970 (90 years)

Joseph Vialatoux was a French Catholic philosopher based in Lyon, a leading member of the Catholic social activist Chronique sociale. He had liberal Christian democratic views. He was a prolific author, and an early critic of the right-wing Action Française.

#15628

Muro Kyūsō

1658 - 1734 (76 years)

or Muro Naokiyo , was a Neo-Confucian scholar and an official of the Tokugawa shogunate during the rule of Tokugawa Yoshimune. Muro was responsible for the reintroduction of orthodox neo-Confucianist thought into government and societal life, attempting to reverse the growth of unorthodox views that were becoming popular during this time. He was also an author of Neo-Confucianist works, such as the Shundai Zatsuwa and Rikuyu engi taigi, although much of his work would only be known posthumously. Muro was a proponent of the Chu Hsi school of thought.

#15629

Christopher J. Mcdougle

#15630

Dhardo Rimpoche

Dhardo Rimpoche

1917 - 1990 (73 years)

Dhardo Rinpoche , born Thubten Lhundup Legsang, was the 12th in a line of tulkus from Dhartsendo on the eastern border of Tibet who hailed from the Nyingma Gompa in Dhartsendo called Dorje Drak . The 11th tulku rose to the Abbot of Drepung and during the 1912 invasion of Tibet by China was the most senior of the retired abbots in the National Assembly. He died in 1916 and the 12th Tulku was born in 1917.

#15631

Édouard Schuré

1841 - 1929 (88 years)

Eduard Schuré was a French philosopher, poet, playwright, novelist, music critic, and publicist of esoteric literature. Biography Schuré was the son of a doctor in the Alsatian town of Strasbourg, who died when Édouard was fourteen years old. Schuré mastered French as well as German, and was influenced by German and French culture in his formative years. He received his degree in law at the University of Strasbourg, but he never entered into practice. Schuré called the three most significant of his friendships those with Richard Wagner, Marguerita Albana Mignaty and Rudolf Steiner.

#15632

Oskar Fleischer

1856 - 1933 (77 years)

Oskar Fleischer was a German musicologist. Life Born in Zörbig Anhalt-Bitterfeld, after attending the Latin secondary school at the Francke Foundations in Halle, Fleischer studied ancient and modern languages, history of literature and philosophy at the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg from 1882 to 1886 and was promoted to Dr. phil. He then completed a four-year degree in musicology in Berlin. In 1888, he took over the management of the "Royal Collection of Ancient Musical Instruments" at the Berlin University of the Arts, whose holdings he was able to expand considerably with the acquisition of Snoeck's private collection.

#15633

Francis C. Colpaert

#15634

Zhan Ruoshui

1466 - 1560 (94 years)

Zhan Ruoshui , was a Chinese philosopher, educator and a Confucian scholar. Biography Zhan was born in Zengcheng, Guangdong. He was appointed the president of Nanjing Guozijian in 1524. He was later appointed the Minister of Rites , Minister of Personnel , and then Minister of War at Nanjing of the Ming dynasty.

#15635

José María Albiñana

1883 - 1936 (53 years)

José María Albiñana was a Spanish physician, neurologist, medical writer, philosopher and anti-republican right-wing politician. Born in Enguera, Valencia, he was a Doctor of Medicine specialising in mental health. He was also a doctor in law and philosophy and with Delgado Barreto founded the Partido Nacionalista Español.

#15636

Uroš Nestorović

1765 - 1825 (60 years)

Uroš Stefanović Nestorović also known as Uroš Stefan Nestorović was a writer, jurist, philosopher, and pedagogue who headed all Eastern Orthodox schools in the Habsburg Monarchy. Uroš Nestorović is considered one of the most prominent Serbian enlighteners and educators along with Teodor Janković Mirijevski, Stefan Vujanovski, Dimitrie Eustatievici and Avram Mrazović.

#15637

Marius Nizolius

Marius Nizolius

1488 - 1567 (79 years)

Marius Nizolius was an Italian humanist scholar, known as a proponent of Cicero. He considered rhetoric to be the central intellectual discipline, slighting other aspects of the philosophical tradition. He is described by Michael R. Allen as the heir to the oratorical vision of Lorenzo Valla, and a better nominalist.

#15638

Léon Metchnikoff

1838 - 1888 (50 years)

#15639

Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu

Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu

1911 - 1975 (64 years)

Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu was a Turkish painter, mosaic-maker, muralist, writer and poet. His art work was inspired by Anatolian village scenes and folk literature, and included traditional handicraft folk patterns.

#15640

Francis Home

1719 - 1813 (94 years)

Francis Home FRSE FRCPE was a Scottish physician, and the first Professor of Materia Medica at the University of Edinburgh, known to make the first attempt to vaccinate against measles, in 1758. In 1783 he was one of the founders of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

#15641

Stewart Duke-Elder

1898 - 1978 (80 years)

Sir William Stewart Duke-Elder was a Scottish ophthalmologist, a dominant force in his field for more than a quarter of a century. Life Duke-Elder was born in the manse in Tealing near Dundee. His father, Rev Neil Stewart Elder, was the village minister of the Free Church of Scotland. His mother was Isabelle Duke, daughter of Rev John Duke of the Free Church in Campsie, Stirlingshire.

#15642

William Henry Jackson

William Henry Jackson

1843 - 1942 (99 years)

William Henry Jackson was an American photographer, Civil War veteran, painter, and an explorer famous for his images of the American West. He was a great-great nephew of Samuel Wilson, the progenitor of America's national symbol Uncle Sam. He was the great-grandfather of cartoonist Bill Griffith, creator of Zippy the Pinhead comics.

#15643

Henri Le Fauconnier

Henri Le Fauconnier

1881 - 1946 (65 years)

Henri Victor Gabriel Le Fauconnier was a French Cubist painter born in Hesdin. Le Fauconnier was seen as one of the leading figures among the Montparnasse Cubists. At the 1911 Salon des Indépendants Le Fauconnier and colleagues Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Fernand Léger and Robert Delaunay caused a scandal with their Cubist paintings. He was in contacts with many European avant-garde artists such as Wassily Kandinsky, writing a theoretical text for the catalogue of the Neue Künstlervereinigung in Munich, of which he became a member. His paintings were exhibited in Moscow reproduced as exam...

#15644

August Deusser

1870 - 1942 (72 years)

August Deusser was a German painter and art professor, at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. Life and work From 1892 to 1897, he studied at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf; finishing as a master student of Peter Janssen At first, he painted genre and historical works; with subjects ranging from farmers in the field, to scenes from Shakespeare. In one of his first successes, he won a competition for decorating the meeting room of the courthouse in Kleve; with a scene depicting the evening before the .

#15645

Ludwig Wachler

1767 - 1838 (71 years)

Johann Friedrich Ludwig Wachler was a German literary historian and theologian. He was the father-in-law of lexicographer Franz Passow. Biography Wachler studied theology from 1784 at the University of Jena, but due to consequences stemming from a duel, he was forced to leave Jena, and subsequently relocated to the University of Göttingen, where he became a student of philology. At Göttingen he was a pupil of Christian Gottlob Heyne, Ludwig Timotheus Spittler and Johann Christoph Gatterer. In 1788, Wachler became an associate professor at Rinteln, where he gave lectures in philology and church history.

#15646

Peter C. Hayes

#15647

Fujiwara Seika

1561 - 1619 (58 years)

Fujiwara Seika was a Japanese Neo-Confucian philosopher and writer during the Edo period. His most well-known student was Hayashi Razan . Life He was born in Harima Province on February 8, 1561 to the Reizei family. At the age of seven or eight he was sent to the Shōkoku-ji temple to become a Zen Buddhist priest. There, he studied Confucianism alongside his Zen studies. In 1596, Fujiwara attempted to travel to Ming China in order to study under an authentic Confucian master, but inclement weather forced the party to turn back. Fujiwara learned more about Neo-Confucianism from the Korean schol...

#15648

Nicolai Abildgaard

Nicolai Abildgaard

1743 - 1809 (66 years)

Nicolai Abraham Abildgaard was a Danish neoclassical and royal history painter, sculptor, architect, and professor of painting, mythology, and anatomy at the New Royal Danish Academy of Art in Copenhagen, Denmark. Many of his works were in the royal Christiansborg Palace , Fredensborg Palace, and Levetzau Palace at Amalienborg.

#15649

Stephanus of Alexandria

$Stephanus of Alexandria$

600 - 622 (22 years)

Stephanus of Alexandria was a Byzantine philosopher and teacher who, besides philosophy in the Neo-Platonic tradition, also wrote on alchemy, astrology and astronomy. He was one of the last exponents of the Alexandrian academic tradition before the Islamic conquest of Egypt.

#15650

Urbano González Serrano

Urbano González Serrano

1848 - 1904 (56 years)

Urbano González Serrano was a Spanish philosopher, sociologist, psychologist, pedagogue, literary critic, and politician. Juan Antonio Garcia posited González was the principal developer of krausoposivitismo, a mixture of positivism and Krausism. These beliefs were determined by Yvan Lissorgues as an amalgamation of "abstract idealism of the Hegelian type and extrapolations of some philosophers and scientists".

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