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Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines

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List of the most influential people in Philosophy,

#15951

Katarina Jovanović

1869 - 1954 (85 years)

Katarina A. Jovanović was a Serbian translator, literary historian, publicist, philosopher, journalist and humanitarian. She translated into German Petar II Petrović Njegoš's masterpiece "Mountain Wreath" .

#15952

Nicolas d'Orbellis

1500 - 1472 (-28 years)

Nicolas d'Orbellis was a French Franciscan theologian and philosopher, of the Scotist school. Biography He was born about 1400. He seems to have entered the monastery of the Observantines, founded in 1407, one of the first in France.

#15953

Sebastián Fox Morcillo

Sebastián Fox Morcillo

1526 - 1559 (33 years)

Sebastian Fox Morcillo , a Spanish scholar and philosopher, was born in Seville between 1526 and 1528. Around 1548 he studied in Leuven. Following the example of the Spanish Jew Judas Abarbanel, he published commentaries on Plato and Aristotle, in which he endeavoured to reconcile their teachings. In 1559 he was appointed tutor to Don Carlos, son of Philip II, but he was lost at sea on his way to Spain to take up the post.

#15954

Abdallah al-Qutbi

1879 - 1952 (73 years)

Abdallah ibn Mu'allim Yusuf al-Qutbi was a Somali polemicist, theologian and philosopher who lived in Qulunqul , Somalia. Biography Sheikh Al-Qutbi is best known for his Al-Majmu'at al-mubaraka , a five-part compilation of polemics that was published in Cairo ca. 1919–1920 . Sheikh Abdullahi Qutbi, a disciple of Sheikh Abdulrahman Al Shashi and member of Qadiriyyah congregation, an Islamic school of thought or tariqah.

#15955

Marcin Król z Żurawicy

1422 - 1460 (38 years)

Marcin Król , also Martinus Ruthenus, Marcin z Żurawica, Marcin Król z Przemyśla, Martinus Polonus, Martinus Rex de Premislia was a Ruthenian-born Polish mathematician, astronomer, and doctor. Life Marcin Król, son of Stanisław Król, was born around 1422 in Żurawica near Przemyśl.

#15956

Mary Carr Moore

Mary Carr Moore

1873 - 1957 (84 years)

Mary Carr Moore was an American composer, conductor, vocalist, and music educator of the twentieth century. She is best remembered today for her association with the musical life of the West Coast.

#15957

Edmund Hansen Grut

1831 - 1907 (76 years)

Edmund Hansen Grut was a Danish ophthalmologist born in Copenhagen. In 1857 he earned his medical doctorate at the University of Copenhagen, and afterwards traveled to Berlin, where he studied with Albrecht von Graefe . In 1863 he opened an eye clinic at Nørregade, Copenhagen, and in 1873 founded an ophthalmic clinic at Havnegade , not far from the University Hospital.

#15958

Alfons von Rosthorn

Alfons von Rosthorn

1857 - 1909 (52 years)

Alfons Edler von Rosthorn was a gynecologist in Austria-Hungary who was native of Oed, a village that is located in the district of Wiener Neustadt-Land. In 1885 he earned his doctorate from the University of Vienna, where he studied zoology and medicine, and was a student of surgeon Theodor Billroth . Afterwards, he became an assistant to Rudolf Chrobak at the second university Frauenklinik in Vienna. In 1891 he was habilitated for gynecology and obstetrics, and in 1894 became a full professor of OB/GYN at the University of Prague. Later, he was a professor at the Universities of Graz , Hei...

#15959

Alexander Pope

1763 - 1835 (72 years)

Alexander Pope was an Irish actor and painter. Life He was born in Cork, Ireland. He was educated to follow his father's profession of miniature painting. He continued to paint miniatures and exhibit them at the Royal Academy as late as 1821; but at an early date he took the stage, first appearing in London as Oroonoko in 1785 at Covent Garden. He remained at this theatre almost continuously for nearly twenty years, then at the Haymarket until his retirement, playing leading parts, chiefly tragic. He was well known as Othello and Henry VIII.

#15960

Thomas McCall Anderson

Thomas McCall Anderson

1836 - 1908 (72 years)

Sir Thomas McCall Anderson was a physician and a professor of practice of medicine, at the University of Glasgow. Life He was born in Glasgow on 9 June 1836, was second of three sons of Alexander Dunlop Anderson, M.D. medical practitioner in Glasgow, who in 1852 was president of the faculty of physicians and surgeons of Glasgow, by his wife Sara, daughter of Thomas McCall of Craighead, Lanarkshire. His father's family was descended on the maternal side from William Dunlop, principal of Glasgow University, 1690-1700; and in the male line from John Anderson , the stout defender of presbyteriani...

#15961

Giovanni Bovio

1837 - 1903 (66 years)

Giovanni Bovio was an Italian philosopher and a politician of the Italian Republican Party. Bovio was born in Trani. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy. He wrote a philosophical work in 1864 called Il Verbo Novello.

#15962

Sophia B. Jones

Sophia B. Jones

1857 - 1932 (75 years)

Sophia Bethena Jones was a British North America-born American medical doctor and the first woman of African descent to graduate from the University of Michigan Medical School. She founded the Nursing Program at Spelman College, where she was the first black faculty member.

#15963

William Thomson

1601 - 1753 (152 years)

William Thomson was a Scottish folk song collector and singer. He is said to have been the son of Daniel Thomson, one of the king's trumpeters for Scotland. As a boy singer, he sang at a concert – The Feast of St. Cecillia – in 1695. Before 1722, he had settled in London, and according to Charles Burney had a benefit concert that year. He appears to have become a fashionable singer, as his volume, dedicated to Caroline of Ansbach, Princess of Wales, contains a lengthy list of notable persons as subscribers.

#15964

Vito Fazio-Allmayer

Vito Fazio-Allmayer

1885 - 1958 (73 years)

Vito Fazio-Allmayer was an Italian philosopher, pedagogist and university teacher. Biography He was born in Palermo from Giuseppe Emanuele Fazio, originary from Alcamo and from Felicina Allmayer, of German origins but resident in Italy. Since a boy he was interested in the history of art; when he was 23 he graduated in Jurisprudence, but as he was fond of philosophy, he soon started the philosophical studies and attended the philosophical library of Palermo, where he met Giovanni Gentile.

#15965

William Cumin

1784 - 1854 (70 years)

William Cumin was Regius Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the University of Glasgow between 1834 and 1840. He was the son of Patrick Cumin , professor of oriental languages at the University of Glasgow, and his wife Rachael Baird. The Scottish philosopher David Hume in a letter to Adam Smith in June 1761 had recommended Cumin's father for his position.

#15966

Ferdinand Laufberger

1829 - 1881 (52 years)

Ferdinand Julius Wilhelm Laufberger was an Austrian painter and etcher. Biography Laufberger trained at both the Academy of Fine Arts, Prague, and the Academy of Fine Arts, Vienna. He initially painted genre scenes of peasant and village life then, in 1855, on behalf of Österreichischer Lloyd , travelled through the Danube Vilayet to Istanbul, creating a series of drawings that were made into popular engravings. While in Istanbul, Laufberger made several connections with Caucasus Germans that had settled in Istanbul, and the material he drew from them provided inspiration to his later work.

#15967

Peter of Capua the Elder

Peter of Capua the Elder

1150 - 1214 (64 years)

Peter of Capua was an Italian scholastic theologian and prelate. He served as cardinal-deacon of Santa Maria in Via Lata from 1193 until 1201 and cardinal-priest of San Marcello al Corso from 1201 until his death. He often worked as a papal legate. He wrote several theological works and was a patron of his hometown of Amalfi.

#15968

María Teresa Ferrari

María Teresa Ferrari

1887 - 1956 (69 years)

María Teresa Ferrari was an Argentine educator, physician, and women's rights activist. She was the first female university professor in Latin America and one of the first women allowed to teach medicine. She was a pioneering researcher in women's health, studying the use of radiation therapy rather than surgery for uterine tumors and developing a vaginoscope that revolutionized women's health care in Brazil. She established the first maternity ward and gynecological services at the Hospital Militar Central of Buenos Aires in 1925, which provided the first incubation services in the country.

#15969

William Kilpatrick Stewart

1914 - 1967 (53 years)

Air Vice Marshal William Kilpatrick Stewart, was a Scottish researcher in aerospace physiology, senior consultant in physiology to the Royal Air Force, and commanding officer of the RAF Institute of Aviation Medicine.

#15970

Reuben Ottenberg

1882 - 1959 (77 years)

Reuben Ottenberg was an American physician and haematologist, who served Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City with distinction for 50 years. He received his B.A. from Columbia University in 1902 and his M.D. degree from the College of Physicians and Surgeons three years later.

#15971

Aesara

400 BC - 300 BC (100 years)

Aesara of Lucania was a conjectured Pythagorean philosopher who may have written On Human Nature, a fragment of which is preserved by Stobaeus, although the majority of critical scholars follow Holger Thesleff in attributing it to Aresas, a male writer from Lucania who is also mentioned by Iamblichus in his Life of Pythagoras.

#15972

Soorjo Coomar Goodeve Chuckerbutty

1825 - 1874 (49 years)

Soorjo Coomar Goodeve Chuckerbutty, also spelled Surjo Kumar Chakraborty was the first Indian to pass the examination of the Indian Medical Service in 1855 and subsequently became the Professor of Materia Medica at Calcutta Medical College in the latter half of the nineteenth century.

#15973

Ivan Loveridge Bennett

1922 - 1990 (68 years)

Ivan Loveridge Bennett, Jr. was an American physician who was dean of the NYU School of Medicine and served as president of New York University 1980–1981. Bennett was educated at Emory University where he was a member of Sigma Chi fraternity. Graduated with a B.A. in 1943, and a medical degree in 1946. Bennett was Deputy Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy under Lyndon B. Johnson between 1967 and 1969. Bennett was also director of the department of pathology at Johns Hopkins University and also taught at Yale and New York University.

#15974

Thomas Malcolm Knox

1900 - 1980 (80 years)

Sir Thomas Malcolm Knox was a British philosopher who served as Principal of St Andrews University from 1953 to 1966 and Vice-president of the Royal Society of Edinburgh from 1975 to 1978. Biography Knox was born in Birkenhead, Cheshire, England, on 28 November 1900, the son of Scottish Congregationalist minister James Knox and his wife Isabella Marshall.

#15975

Miles of Marseilles

1294 - 1301 (7 years)

Miles of Marseille was a Provençal-Jewish physician and philosopher of the Middle Ages. He was born at Marseille around 1294. In some manuscripts he is designated by the name "Bongodos," the Provençal language equivalent of "ben Judah."

#15976

David Boswell Reid

David Boswell Reid

1805 - 1863 (58 years)

Prof David Boswell Reid MD FRSE FRCPE was a British physician, chemist and inventor. Through reports on public hygiene and ventilation projects in public buildings, he made a reputation in the field of sanitation. He has been called the "grandfather of air-conditioning".

#15977

Richard Russell

Richard Russell

1687 - 1759 (72 years)

Richard Russell was an 18th-century British physician who encouraged his patients to use a form of water therapy that involved the submersion or bathing in, and drinking of, seawater. The contemporary equivalent of this is thalassotherapy, although the practice of drinking seawater has largely discontinued.

#15978

Menedemus the Cynic

400 BC - 300 BC (100 years)

Menedemus was a Cynic philosopher, and a pupil of the Epicurean Colotes of Lampsacus. Diogenes Laërtius states that he used to go about garbed as a Fury, proclaiming himself a sort of spy from Hades: He assumed the garb of a Fury, and went about saying that he had come from Hades to take notice of all who did wrong, in order that he might descend there again and make his report to the deities who live in that country. And this was his dress: a tunic of a dark colour reaching to his feet, and a purple girdle round his waist, an Arcadian hat on his head with the twelve signs of the zodiac embro...

#15979

Babowai

450 - 484 (34 years)

Babowai was Catholicos of Seleucia-Ctesiphon and Patriarch of the Church of the East from 457 to 484, during the reign of the Sassanid King Peroz I. Babowai was known for his pro-Byzantine leanings, for which he was often in conflict with other members of the anti-Byzantine Church of the East. He was executed in 484.

#15980

Benno Baginsky

1848 - 1919 (71 years)

Benno Baginsky was a German physician specializing in the field of otorhinolaryngology. He was a younger brother to pediatrician Adolf Aron Baginsky . He studied medicine in Berlin, obtaining his doctorate in 1870. Following service as a physician in the Franco-Prussian War, he began practicing medicine and soon found himself specializing in diseases of the ear, nose and larynx. In 1884 he became a privat-docent of otology, rhinology and laryngology at the University of Berlin, and in 1897 received the title of professor. Among his assistants at Berlin was fellow otorhinolaryngologist Jacob K...

#15981

August Wagenmann

1863 - 1955 (92 years)

August Emil Ludwig Wagenmann was a German ophthalmologist. August Wagenmann obtained a degree of medical doctor at the universities of Göttingen and Munich. After graduation, he received a position of assistant doctor in the Eye Clinic at Göttingen University, which was chaired by Theodor Leber. In 1888, August Wagenmann was qualified as a privatdocent in ophthalmology.

#15982

Otto Kahler

1849 - 1893 (44 years)

Otto Kahler was a physician and pathologist born in Prague, Austrian Empire. In 1871 he obtained his medical doctorate in Prague, and following an educational trip to Paris, returned to his hometown as an assistant to Joseph Halla at the internal clinic. In 1882 he became an associate professor at Karl-Ferdinands-Universität, and a few years later , was a "full professor" of pathology and therapy. In 1889 he relocated to the University of Vienna, succeeding Heinrich von Bamberger as professor of special pathology. After a year in Vienna, he developed tongue cancer and his assistant, Friedrich Kraus , subsequently took over his lectures.

#15983

Adolf Abicht

1793 - 1860 (67 years)

Adolf Abicht was a Polish-Lithuanian physician. He was a professor of general pathology, therapy, and medical history at the Vilnius University, and was a president of the Medical Society in Vilnius from 1829–1838.

#15984

Paul von Bruns

1846 - 1916 (70 years)

Paul von Bruns was a German surgeon. He was born in Tübingen, and was the son of surgeon Victor von Bruns. His father-in-law was Protestant theologian Karl Heinrich Weizsäcker. Bruns was born July 2, 1846. In 1882, Bruns became director of the surgical clinic at Tübingen, as well as a full professor at the University. He was the author of works on numerous medical subjects — laryngotomy for removal of growths in the larynx, acute osteomyelitis, gunshot wounds, limb operations and the treatment of goiters, to name a few.

#15985

Stephen Whisson

Stephen Whisson

1710 - 1783 (73 years)

Stephen Whisson was a tutor at Trinity College, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and coached 72 students in the 1744–1754 period. Biography Wisson was from St Neots, Huntingdonshire and was the son of a publican. In 1735, he matriculated from Wakefield School, Yorkshire.

#15986

Ernst, Baron von Feuchtersleben

Ernst, Baron von Feuchtersleben

1806 - 1849 (43 years)

Baron Ernst von Feuchtersleben , was an Austrian physician, poet and philosopher. He was a member of the von Feuchtersleben family Life He was born as a son of Ernst von Feuchtersleben . He was of an old Saxon noble family. His older half-brother was Eduard von Feuchtersleben , son of Ernst von Feuchtersleben from his first marriage.

#15987

Franz Josef Ruprecht

Franz Josef Ruprecht

1814 - 1870 (56 years)

Franz Josef Ruprecht was an Austrian-born physician and botanist active in the Russian Empire, where he was known as Frants Ivanovič Ruprekht . He was born in Freiburg im Breisgau, and grew up in Prague, where he studied, and graduated as Doctor of Medicine in 1836. After a short stint in medical practice in Prague, he was appointed curator of the herbarium of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg in 1839, then assistant director of the Saint Petersburg Botanical Garden between 1851 and 1855, and professor of botany in 1855 at the University of Saint Petersburg. He died in Saint...

#15988

Robert Meyer

1864 - 1947 (83 years)

Robert Meyer was a German pathologist. He studied medicine at the universities of Leipzig, Heidelberg and Strassburg, receiving his doctorate at the latter institution in 1889. From 1890 to 1894 he was a medical practitioner in the community of Dedeleben, and afterwards worked as assistant to gynecologist Johann Veit in Berlin.

#15989

John Smith

1721 - 1797 (76 years)

John Smith was a Scottish physician and academic. Smith was born in Maybole, Scotland, where his father, William, was a merchant. He studied at the University of Glasgow beginning in 1736, entered Balliol College, Oxford in 1744 with the support of the Snell Exhibition, and earned a B.A. in 1748 and an M.A. in 1751 from Balliol. He then studied under Nathan Alcock in St Mary Hall, earning his doctorate in 1757. Alcock left Oxford for Bath in the same year, and Smith took his place. At Oxford, he taught anatomy and chemistry. Despite not being a mathematician, he held the Savilian chair of geo...

#15990

Ernst Philip Boas

1891 - 1955 (64 years)

Ernst Philip Boas was an American physician. He is a pioneer in the fields of pathology and physiology and was a highly respected expert in chronic diseases of the heart. He developed the cardiotachometer, a widely used instrument for measuring the rapidity of heartbeat.

#15991

Johann Georg Hiltensperger

Johann Georg Hiltensperger

1806 - 1890 (84 years)

Johann Georg Hiltensperger was a German history painter and a professor at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts. Biography Born in Haldenwang, Oberallgäu, he was trained in drawing by L. Weiß before studying under Johann Peter von Langer at the Royal Art Academy and under Peter von Cornelius at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. Returning to Munich in 1825, he there received commissions for frescoes and oil paintings from Ludwig I of Bavaria and Maximilian II Joseph of Bavaria. For example, between 1838 and 1865 he produced the Odyssey Cycle in festal hall of the Munich Residenz to designs by Ludwig Schwanthaler.

#15992

George Boas

1891 - 1980 (89 years)

George Boas was a professor of philosophy at Johns Hopkins University. Education Boas received his education at Brown University, obtaining both a B.A. and M.A. in philosophy there, after which he studied shortly at Columbia University. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1917.

#15993

Norman Dott

1897 - 1973 (76 years)

Norman McOmish Dott, CBE FRCSE FRSE FRCSC was a Scottish neurosurgeon. He was the first holder of the Chair of Neurological Surgery at the University of Edinburgh. Life Norman Dott was born in Edinburgh on 26 August 1897, the third of the five children of Rebecca Morton and Peter McOmish Dott , a picture dealer based at 127 George Street in Edinburgh's New Town. He was educated at George Heriot's School and originally intended a career in engineering. However a serious motorcycle accident on Lothian Road, hospitalised him and left him with a permanent leg injury . The long spell in hospital re-inspired Dott and he changed his ambition to focus upon medicine rather than engineering.

#15994

Stanley Davidson

1894 - 1981 (87 years)

Sir Leybourne Stanley Patrick Davidson was a British physician, medical investigator and author who wrote the medical textbook Principles and Practice of Medicine, which was first published in 1952.

#15995

John Browne

1904 - 1984 (80 years)

John Symonds Lyon Browne was an English-born Canadian physician. He was born in Wembley, London, the son of a civil engineer, and came to Canada with his family in 1905. In 1912, the family moved to Montreal. Browne was educated at Westmount High School and at McGill University. He went on to work in Germany, Austria and England under a travelling fellowship from the Royal Society of Canada. Browne returned to McGill as a research fellow, later becoming a professor of medicine, Medical Department chairman and director of the Royal Victoria Hospital. He was forced to leave those positions due ...

#15996

Karl Loewenstein

1891 - 1973 (82 years)

Karl Loewenstein was a German lawyer and political scientist, regarded as one of the prominent figures of Constitutional law in the twentieth century. His research and investigations into the typology of the different constitutions have had some impact on the Western constitutional thought. Loewenstein is credited with establishing the theoretical foundations of militant democracy to battle anti-democratic mass movements.

#15997

Charles A. Hufnagel

Charles A. Hufnagel

1916 - 1989 (73 years)

Charles A. Hufnagel, M.D. was an American surgeon who invented the first artificial heart valve in the early 1950s. Hufnagel was born in Louisville, Kentucky, and reared in Richmond, Indiana. His father was also a surgeon. He graduated from the University of Notre Dame and earned his medical degree from Harvard Medical School. At Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, he began work on the heart and other organ transplants and explored the use of plastic to replace blood vessels, developing a technique called multi-point fixation, which would have great importance in the placement of the artificial aort...

#15998

J. Barkley Rosser

1907 - 1989 (82 years)

John Barkley Rosser Sr. was an American logician, a student of Alonzo Church, and known for his part in the Church–Rosser theorem in lambda calculus. He also developed what is now called the "Rosser sieve" in number theory. He was part of the mathematics department at Cornell University from 1936 to 1963, chairing it several times. He was later director of the Army Mathematics Research Center at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and the first director of the Communications Research Division of IDA. Rosser also authored mathematical textbooks.

#15999

L. E. J. Brouwer

L. E. J. Brouwer

1881 - 1966 (85 years)

Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer , usually cited as L. E. J. Brouwer but known to his friends as Bertus, was a Dutch mathematician and philosopher who worked in topology, set theory, measure theory and complex analysis. Regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century, he is known as the founder of modern topology, particularly for establishing his fixed-point theorem and the topological invariance of dimension.

#16000

Hans Zellweger

1909 - 1990 (81 years)

Hans Ulrich Zellweger was a Swiss-American pediatrician known for his research on Zellweger syndrome. Zellweger trained in Zurich, Hamburg, Rome and Berlin and received his doctorate in Zurich in 1934, where he worked until 1950. In the 1950s he was appointed Professor at the American University in Beirut and from 1959 until his retirement in 1977, he was Professor of Paediatrics at the University of Iowa. There he performed research on neuromuscular disorders and genetic diseases and is known for his research on Zellweger syndrome which is named after him.

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