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List of the most influential people in Philosophy,

#16101

Philip Ferdinand

1555 - 1598 (43 years)

Philip Ferdinand was an English Hebraist. Born in Poland to Polish Jewish parents, he converted first to Roman Catholicism and then to Protestantism. He was a poor student at Oxford University, where he taught Hebrew. He matriculated at Cambridge University in 1596. He became professor of Hebrew at Leiden, where he died. He translated Rabbinic works into Latin.

#16102

Heinrich Lauenstein

1835 - 1910 (75 years)

Heinrich Lauenstein was a German painter and art professor; associated with the Düsseldorfer Malerschule. He specialized in portraits, many of them of children, and religious scenes. Life and work His father, Christoph Lauenstein, was a mill owner in Hildesheim. He worked as a decorative painter until 1859 when, thanks to a grant from King George V of Hanover., he was able to enroll at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. There, he studied with Heinrich Mücke, the brothers Andreas and Karl Müller, Karl Ferdinand Sohn and Rudolf Wiegmann. In 1863, he attended history painting classes taught by Eduard Bendemann then, from 1867, studied with the religious painter, Ernst Deger.

#16103

Ellen Bliss Talbot

1867 - 1968 (101 years)

Ellen Bliss Talbot was an American philosopher and professor of philosophy at Mount Holyoke College, chairing the department of philosophy and psychology for 32 years. She is considered one of the first professional academic women philosophers.

#16104

Julius Scriba

1848 - 1905 (57 years)

Julius Karl Scriba was a German surgeon serving as a foreign advisor in Meiji period Japan, where he was an important contributor to the development of Western medicine in Japan. Biography Scriba was born in Darmstadt, Germany and studied to become a pharmacist as well as a physician. His studies were interrupted by a year of military service during the Franco-Prussian War of 1871. He graduated three years after the end of the war from the University of Heidelberg and practiced medicine in Freiburg im Breisgau. He apprenticed under the noted surgeon Vincenz Czerny and from 1879 served as a lecturer at the University of Freiburg.

#16105

Félix Taunay, Baron of Taunay

Félix Taunay, Baron of Taunay

1795 - 1881 (86 years)

Félix Émile Taunay, Baron of Taunay , was a French Brazilian painter, and drawing and Greek teacher. He was the father of famous writer and politician Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay, the Viscount of Taunay.

#16106

N. C. Wyeth

1882 - 1945 (63 years)

Newell Convers Wyeth , known as N. C. Wyeth, was an American painter and illustrator. He was a student of Howard Pyle and became one of America's most well-known illustrators. Wyeth created more than 3,000 paintings and illustrated 112 books — 25 of them for Scribner's, the Scribner Classics, which is the body of work for which he is best known. The first of these, Treasure Island, was one of his masterpieces and the proceeds paid for his studio. Wyeth was a realist painter at a time when the camera and photography began to compete with his craft. Sometimes seen as melodramatic, his illustrations were designed to be understood quickly.

#16107

Heinrich Nauen

1880 - 1940 (60 years)

Heinrich Nauen was a German Expressionist artist. He created oils, watercolors, and prints; as well as murals and mosaics. A large part of his output consists of landscapes and floral still-lifes. Biography He was born to a family of bakers, but expressed an interest in art at an early age. In 1898, he was accepted at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, then attended a private art school in Munich. He completed his studies at the Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart from 1900 to 1902. Soon after, he joined the circle of artists that formed around the sculptor George Minne in the Flemi...

#16108

Gaius Blossius

150 BC - 130 BC (20 years)

Gaius Blossius was, according to Plutarch, a philosopher and student of the Stoic philosopher Antipater of Tarsus, from the city of Cumae in Campania, Italy, who instigated Roman tribune Tiberius Gracchus to pursue a land reform movement on behalf of the plebs. Tiberius was accused by his political opponents of attempting to provoke a popular uprising, and have himself crowned King. Eventually, he was assassinated, and his body thrown into the river Tiber.

#16109

Joaquín Setantí

1550 - 1617 (67 years)

Joaquín Setantí y Alcina was an important figure in the municipality of Barcelona at the beginning of the seventeenth century. He contributed several monographs to the movement known as tacitism including Frutos de historia . His collection of moral aphorisms, Centellas de varios conceptos , stands out, due to its originality. Setantí was a precursor of Baltasar Gracián and of the other great cultivators of aphorisms during the Spanish Baroque. His 500 dense Centellas are said to "reveal a modern political and personal attitude that marks an important milestone in Spanish sententious litera...

#16110

Soma Weiss

1898 - 1942 (44 years)

Soma Weiss was a Hungarian-born American physician. Early life Soma Weiss was born in 1898 in Bistriţa, Transylvania, Austro-Hungarian Empire. He studied physiology and biochemistry in Budapest. Immediately after the end of World War I, he immigrated to the United States and qualified in medicine in 1923. He was from Jewish ancestry.

#16111

William Gregory

William Gregory

1803 - 1858 (55 years)

William Gregory FRCPE FRSE FCS was a Scottish physician and chemist. He studied under and translated some of the works of Justus von Liebig, the German chemist. Gregory also had interests in mesmerism and phrenology.

#16112

Roland of Cremona

1178 - 1259 (81 years)

Roland of Cremona was a Dominican theologian and an early scholastic philosopher. He was the first Dominican regent master at Paris, France . He was among the most enthusiastic of those who made use of the newly translated Aristotle in the early 13th century.

#16113

An Hyang

1243 - 1306 (63 years)

Ahn Hyang , also known as Ahn Yu , was a leading Confucian scholar born in Yeongju in present-day South Korea, and was from the Sunheung Ahn clan. He is considered the founder of Neo-Confucianism in Korea, introducing Song Confucianism to the Goryeo kingdom. Ahn Hyang visited China, transcribing the works of Zhu Xi and bringing his copy and portraits of Confucius and Zhu Xi to Korea to use in his revitalization of Confucianism. He strove to replace Buddhism with Confucianism.

#16114

Walery Jaworski

Walery Jaworski

1849 - 1924 (75 years)

Walery Jaworski was a Polish physician and gastroenterologist. He is considered one of the pioneers of gastroenterology in Poland. He is also known for making one of the first observations of Helicobacter pylori in 1899.

#16115

Kuttipuzha Krishna Pillai

1900 - 1971 (71 years)

Kuttipuzha Krishna Pillai , was an Indian scholar, journalist, philosopher, atheist and critic of Malayalam language. Counted among the prominent literary critics of the language, he wrote a number of books covering the genres of literary criticism and philosophy. He presided over the Kerala Sahitya Akademi, chaired the advisory board of the Kerala Bhasha Institute as an ex-officio member and was a recipient of the Soviet Land Nehru Award.

#16116

William M'Intosh

William M'Intosh

1838 - 1931 (93 years)

William Carmichael M'Intosh LLD was a Scottish physician and marine zoologist. He served as president of the Ray Society, as vice-president of the Royal Society of Edinburgh , and was awarded the Neill Prize .

#16117

Ludvig Puusepp

1875 - 1942 (67 years)

Ludvig Puusepp was an Estonian surgeon and researcher and the world's first professor of neurosurgery. Early life Ludvig Puusepp was born on 3 December 1875 in Kyiv to an Estonian father and a Polish-Czech mother. His father Martin Puusepp was a shoemaker who had migrated from Rakvere, Estonia to St. Petersburg where he met and married Victoria-Stephania Goebel. Puusepp learned German at home and Russian in school; it was not until 1920 at age 44 that he learned the Estonian language. He continued to study languages including French, English and Italian.

#16118

Lewis Caleb Beck

1798 - 1853 (55 years)

Lewis Caleb Beck was an American physician, botanist, chemist, and mineralogist. Biography He graduated from Union College in 1815 with a Master of Arts. He then studied medicine, and began his practice in Schenectady in 1818. From 1820 to 1821, he resided in St. Louis, but soon returned and settled in Albany. Beck was successively professor of botany in the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , professor of botany and chemistry in the Vermont Academy of Medicine , professor of chemistry and natural history at Rutgers College , and professor of chemistry and pharmacy at Albany Medical College ....

#16119

Chaeremon of Alexandria

10 - 90 (80 years)

Chaeremon of Alexandria was a Stoic philosopher and historian who wrote on Egyptian mythology from a "typically Stoic" perspective. All of Chaeremon's works are lost, though a number of fragments are quoted by later authors. Three titles are preserved: the History of Egypt, Hieroglyphika, and On Comets, with another fragment quoted from an unknown grammatical treatise of his. According to the Suda, he was the head of the Alexandrian school of grammarians, and he may also have been head of the Museion.

#16120

Francesco Vimercato

1512 - 1571 (59 years)

Francesco Vimercato was an Italian Aristotelian scholar. He was a Royal Reader in Philosophy in Paris. He is known for his commentaries on Aristotle’s ethical and zoological works. In 1561 he left France to work for Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy. He was employed as a professor, and then a diplomat.

#16121

James Spence

1812 - 1882 (70 years)

James Spence FRSE FRCSEd was a Scottish surgeon. He served as President of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh 1867/68. Life He was born on 31 March 1812 at 12 South Bridge in Edinburgh, the son of James Spence, a perfumer, and his third wife.

#16122

Thomas Stewart Traill

Thomas Stewart Traill

1781 - 1862 (81 years)

Thomas Stewart Traill was a British physician, chemist, meteorologist, zoologist and scholar of medical jurisprudence. He was the grandfather of the physicist, meteorologist and geologist Robert Traill Omond FRSE .

#16123

Lynn Riggs

1899 - 1954 (55 years)

Rollie Lynn Riggs was an American author, poet, playwright and screenwriter. His 1931 play Green Grow The Lilacs was adapted into the landmark 1943 musical Oklahoma!. Early life Riggs was born on a farm near Claremore, Oklahoma, . His mother was 1/8 Cherokee, and when he was two years old, his mother secured his Cherokee allotment for him. He was able to draw on his allotment to help support his writing.

#16124

Pedro Ciruelo

1470 - 1548 (78 years)

Pedro Sánchez Ciruelo was a Spanish philosopher, theologian, mathematician, astrologer, astronomer and writer on topics of natural philosophy. Early life Ciruelo was born somewhere between 1460 and 1470 in Daroca, Spain. Ciruelo was born in the kingdom of Aragon where Daroca held political, military, and administrative significance for the kingdom. He came from a family of Jews and Judaizers according to papers that traced his genealogy during the Spanish Inquisition. Ciruelo claimed to be an orphan, but the validity of this claim is not well-supported as Ciruelo had living relatives and received an education which was costly at the time.

#16125

Honoratus a Sancta Maria

1651 - 1729 (78 years)

Honoratus a Sancta Maria was a French Discalced Carmelite, known as a prolific controversialist. His secular name was Blaise Vauxelles , and he was known also by the French version of his name in religion, Honoré de Sainte-Marie.

#16126

Griffith Powell

1561 - 1620 (59 years)

Griffith Powell was a philosopher and Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, from 1613 to 1620. Life Powell was the third of four sons of John ap Hywel of Llansawel, Carmarthenshire, Wales. Powell matriculated at Jesus College in 1581, obtaining his BA in 1584, MA in 1589, and BCL in 1593. He was elected Fellow of the college in 1589. He effectively ran the college during the principalships of his two predecessors, Francis Bevans and John Williams. Williams deprived him of his Fellowship, but it was restored on the Chancellor's orders.

#16127

William Petty

1623 - 1687 (64 years)

Sir William Petty FRS was an English economist, physician, scientist and philosopher. He first became prominent serving Oliver Cromwell and the Commonwealth in Ireland. He developed efficient methods to survey the land that was to be confiscated and given to Cromwell's soldiers. He also remained a significant figure under King Charles II and King James II, as did many others who had served Cromwell.

#16128

Karunai Prakasar

1756 - 1774 (18 years)

Karunai Prakasar was a seventeenth century Saiva spiritual writer. He was born to a Tamil-speaking Desikar family in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu. He was a spiritual writer who wrote more than five books. . He worshipped Saiva Siddantha. He got married when he was sixteen. He attained Mukthi Motcha at the age of eighteen. Therefore, he had no children.

#16129

Aksel Jørgensen

1883 - 1957 (74 years)

Aksel Jørgensen was a Danish painter and wood engraver. He is also remembered for his years as the director and professor at the Royal Danish Academy where he instructed many Danish illustrators. Childhood Aksel Jørgensen was born in Copenhagen. His parents were the mechanic Mathias Jørgensen and Maren née Christensen. Aksel later described his parents' home as very modest but harmonious. Like many working-class families of the time, the family lived in a very small space in a two-room apartment without sanitary facilities. At the age of four, Jørgensen became seriously ill with an otitis media, the long-term consequences of which affected his entire life.

#16130

Charles Scarborough

Charles Scarborough

1615 - 1694 (79 years)

Sir Charles Scarborough or Scarburgh MP FRS FRCP was an English physician and mathematician. Upbringing Scarborough was born in St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, Westminster, in 1615, to Edmund Scarburgh and his wife Hannah , and was educated at St Paul's School, Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and Merton College, Oxford . While at Oxford he was a student of William Harvey, and the two would become close friends. Scarborough was also tutor to Christopher Wren, who was his assistant for a time.

#16131

Adam Elias von Siebold

Adam Elias von Siebold

1775 - 1828 (53 years)

Adam Elias von Siebold was a German Gynecologist. Life He was the youngest son of Carl Caspar von Siebold . Siebold was professor of anatomy, surgery und midwifery of the University of Würzburg. Unlike his brothers, he originally wanted to become a Merchant, eventually, however, he began to study medicine.

#16132

Hubertus Strughold

1898 - 1986 (88 years)

Hubertus Strughold was a German-born physiologist, war criminal, and prominent medical researcher. Beginning in 1935 he served as chief of aeromedical research for Hermann Göring's Ministry of Aviation, holding this position throughout World War II. In 1947 he was brought to the United States as part of Operation Paperclip and went on to serve in a number of high-level scientific posts with the US Air Force and NASA.

#16133

Charles Sanford Terry

Charles Sanford Terry

1864 - 1936 (72 years)

Charles Sanford Terry was an English historian and musicologist who published extensively on Scottish and European history as well as the life and works of J. S. Bach. Career Terry was the eldest son of Charles Terry, a physician, and Ellen Octavia Prichard. After attending St Paul's Cathedral School, King's College School, and Lancing College, he was an undergraduate at Clare College, Cambridge, where he obtained a B.A. in history in 1886 and an M.A. in 1891. He held lectureships in history at Durham College of Science , the University of Aberdeen and the University of Cambridge. In 1901...

#16134

Tomizo Yoshida

1903 - 1973 (70 years)

was a prominent Japanese pathologist, famous for discovering the Yoshida sarcoma. In addition, he is known for demonstrating the chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats with his mentor Takaoki Sasaki.

#16135

Jan Mikulicz-Radecki

Jan Mikulicz-Radecki

1850 - 1905 (55 years)

Jan Mikulicz-Radecki was a German-Polish-Austrian surgeon who worked mainly in the German Empire. He was born on 16 May 1850 in Czerniowce in the Austrian Empire and died on 4 June 1905 in Breslau, German Empire. He was professor in Kraków, Breslau, and Königsberg. He was the inventor of new operating techniques and tools, and is one of the pioneers of antiseptics and aseptic techniques. In Poland he is regarded as one of the founders of the Kraków school of surgery.

#16136

Stefan Themerson

Stefan Themerson

1910 - 1988 (78 years)

Stefan Themerson was a Polish writer of children's literature, poet and inventor of Semantic Poetry, novelist, script writer filmmaker, composer and philosopher. He wrote in at least three languages. With his wife, Franciszka Themerson, they are regarded as leading husband-and-wife exponents of European Surrealism and publishers.

#16137

Gennosuke Fuse

1880 - 1946 (66 years)

Gennosuke Fuse was a Japanese anatomist of the Meiji period. He graduated from Tokyo Imperial University medical school. Then he studied abroad in Switzerland. He was assistant of the University of Zurich from 1907 to 1911 and from 1914 to 1916 and worked with Constantin von Monakow.

#16138

Adolph Henke

1775 - 1843 (68 years)

Adolph Christian Heinrich Henke was a German physician and pharmacologist known for his work in medical forensics. He was father-in-law to anatomist Rudolf Wagner . Following studies at the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig, he continued his education at the University of Helmstedt, where one of his instructors was chemist Lorenz von Crell . Afterwards, he studied medicine with surgeon August Gottlieb Richter and obstetrician Friedrich Benjamin Osiander at the University of Göttingen, subsequently receiving his doctorate in 1799 at Helmstedt.

#16139

William Rosenau

1865 - 1943 (78 years)

William Rosenau was a leader of Reform Judaism in the beginning of the twentieth century in the United States. Biography William Rosenau was born in Wolstein, Germany in 1865, the son of Rabbi Nathan and Johanna Rosenau. The family came to the United States and settled in the Philadelphia area when William Rosenau was eleven. In 1876, Rosenau immigrated to the United States.

#16140

Friedrich Schauta

Friedrich Schauta

1849 - 1919 (70 years)

Friedrich Schauta was an Austrian surgeon and gynecologist born in Vienna. In 1874 he received his medical doctorate at the University of Vienna, and following graduation remained in Vienna as an assistant at the surgical clinic of Johann von Dumreicher . From 1876 to 1881 Schauta worked under Joseph Späth at the latter's clinic of obstetrics and gynecology. In 1881 he became habilitated for OB/GYN at Vienna, and subsequently relocated to the University of Innsbruck, where in 1884 he became a full professor. Three years later, he succeeded August Breisky in Prague, and in 1891 returned to V...

#16141

Lazar Reznikov

1905 - 1970 (65 years)

Lazar Osipovich Reznikov was a Soviet philosopher and one of the pioneers of semiotics studies in Russia. Professor, Doctor of Philosophical Sciences. Biography Lazar Osipovich Reznikov was born on 8 December 1905 in Kishenev in the Jewish family. His father was an artisan. In 1929 Lazar Reznikov graduated from the Pedagogical Faculty of the Don University in Rostov-on-Don, where he later worked as an assistant professor of the Department of Dialectical Materialism. In 1933—1936 he continued his studies in graduate school at Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History, then taught in Odessa.

#16142

Robert Bárány

1876 - 1936 (60 years)

Robert Bárány was an Austrian-born otologist. He received the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus. Life and career Bárány was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary. He was the eldest of six children of Maria , the daughter of a scientist, and Ignác Bárány, born 1842 in Várpalota, Kingdom of Hungary, who was a bank official and estate manager. His father was a Hungarian Jew whose father also was named Ignác Bárány .

#16143

Odoardo Beccari

Odoardo Beccari

1843 - 1920 (77 years)

Odoardo Beccari was an Italian botanist famous for his discoveries in Indonesia, New Guinea, and Australia. He has been called the greatest botanist to ever study Malesia. His author abbreviation is Becc. when citing a botanical name.

#16144

Eduard Rüppell

1794 - 1884 (90 years)

Wilhelm Peter Eduard Simon Rüppell, also spelled Rueppell was a German naturalist and explorer, best known for his collections and descriptions of plants and animals from Africa and Arabia. Biography Rüppell was born in Frankfurt am Main, the son of a prosperous banker, who was a partner in 'Rüppell und Harnier’s Bank'. He was originally destined to be a merchant, but after a visit to Sinai in 1817, where he met Henry Salt and the Swiss-German traveller Ludwig Burckhardt. He explored Giza and the Pyramids with Salt. In 1818, he developed an interest in natural history, and became elected member of the Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft.

#16145

Heinrich Braun

1862 - 1934 (72 years)

Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm Braun was a German surgeon remembered for his work in the field of anaesthesiology. He was a native of Rawitsch, Province of Posen . Braun attended the Kreuzschule and the Vitzhumsches Gymnasium in Dresden, completing his Abitur in 1881. He studied medicine at the Universities of Strasbourg, Greifswald and Leipzig, earning his doctorate in 1887. From 1891 to 1905 he worked at various hospitals in Leipzig, becoming an associate professor at the University of Leipzig in 1905. The following year he was appointed chief surgeon and medical director of the Royal Saxonian Hospital in Zwickau, a position he maintained until his retirement in 1923.

#16146

Jean Casimir Félix Guyon

Jean Casimir Félix Guyon

1831 - 1920 (89 years)

Jean Casimir Félix Guyon was a French surgeon and urologist born in Saint-Denis, Ile-Bourbon . He studied medicine in Paris, receiving his doctorate in 1858. He was appointed médecin des hôpitaux in 1864, and was later a professor of surgical pathology and genitourinary surgery at the University of Paris. In 1878 he became a member of the Académie de Médecine. At Hôpital Necker he held clinics that were attended by students worldwide

#16147

Denmark Vesey

1767 - 1822 (55 years)

Denmark Vesey was an 18th-century and early 19th century free Black and community leader in Charleston, South Carolina, who was accused and convicted of planning a major slave revolt in 1822. Although the alleged plot was discovered before it could be realized, its potential scale stoked the fears of the antebellum planter class that led to increased restrictions on both slaves and free blacks.

#16148

Thomas-Étienne Hamel

Thomas-Étienne Hamel

1830 - 1913 (83 years)

Thomas-Étienne Hamel was a French-Canadian priest and academic. He was the son of Victor Hamel, a merchant and Therèse DeFoy. In 1852, as a student of the Séminaire de Québec, he traveled with Louis-Jacques Casault to London where they arranged for the royal charter of what would become Laval University. After his ordination in 1854, he was sent to Paris' École des Carmes and eventually graduated from the Sorbonne with a license in science, before returning to Quebec to teach at the Séminaire, also acquiring the office of general secretary of the new university. He became rector of the Sémina...

#16149

Jerome of Prague

Jerome of Prague

1380 - 1416 (36 years)

Jerome of Prague was a Czech scholastic philosopher, theologian, reformer, and professor. Jerome was one of the chief followers of Jan Hus and was burned for heresy at the Council of Constance. Early life Jerome was born in Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia , in 1379 and graduated from the Charles University of Prague in 1398. He later studied at Oxford University where he first became familiar with the reformist teachings of John Wycliffe. He was a philosopher, theologian, university professor, and church reformer who dedicated his life to eradicate those church doctrines and dogmas he found to be corrupt.

#16150

Matthias Qualle

1470 - 1518 (48 years)

Matthias Qualle , was a Slovene philosopher. Between 1502 and 1514 he taught philosophy at the University of Vienna's Faculty of Arts, and in 1510 he served as the faculty's dean. Life and work Qualle was born in Vače, in present-day Slovenia. He started studying at Vienna in 1491, where he became a teacher. He was a mentor to, and later a colleague of, the Swiss humanist and reformer Joachim Vadian.

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