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List of the most influential people in Philosophy,

#18951

Rick Turner

1941 - 1978 (37 years)

Richard Turner , known as Rick Turner, was a South African academic and anti-apartheid activist who was murdered, possibly by the South African security forces, in 1978. Nelson Mandela described Turner "as a source of inspiration".

#18952

Franciszek Fiszer

Franciszek Fiszer

1860 - 1937 (77 years)

Franciszek Fiszer was a Polish metaphysician and alchemist, a friend of the most notable writers and philosophers of contemporary Warsaw and one of Warsaw's semi-legendary people. Described as an erudite bon vivant and gourmand, he is remembered for a large number of anecdotes, jokes and sayings coined by him and about him.

#18953

Harris Franklin Rall

1870 - 1964 (94 years)

Harris Franklin Rall , Ph.D. was the first president of Iliff School of Theology in Denver, Colorado after it reopened in 1910 till 1915, and he also served as the Henry White Warren professor of Practical Theology. Rall later became president of Garrett Biblical Institute in Evanston, Illinois, and taught theology there. Rall was active in the social gospel movement, seeking to relate Christianity to the ills of society. Garrett named its lecture series after him.

#18954

Choe Han-gi

1803 - 1877 (74 years)

Choe Han-gi was a Korean Confucian scholar and philosopher. He is known for integrating Eastern philosophy with Western science in pre-industrial Korea. His art name was Hyegang , and according to some sources, it is mentioned that he also used Paedong .

#18955

Allen Thomson

1809 - 1884 (75 years)

Allen Thomson FRS FRSE FRCSE was a Scottish physician, known as an anatomist and embryologist. Life The only son of Dr John Thomson by his second wife, Margaret, daughter of John Millar, he was born at Brown Square in Edinburgh on 2 April 1809, and was named after his father's friend, John Allen, secretary and confidential friend of Lord Holland. Margaret Mylne was his sister and William Thomson his half-brother. Allen Thomson was educated at the high school and University of Edinburgh, and then in Paris. He graduated doctor of medicine at the University of Edinburgh in August 1830. At the time of his graduation he was president of the Royal Medical Society in Edinburgh.

#18956

Friedrich August Carus

1770 - 1807 (37 years)

Friedrich August Carus was a German philosopher. He was the father of surgeon Ernst August Carus . From 1788 to 1793 he studied philosophy and theology at the universities of Leipzig and Göttingen. In 1796 he became an associate professor of philosophy at Leipzig, where in 1805 he attained a full professorship. In Leipzig he also served as a preacher at the University Church. As a philosopher he was influenced by the writings of Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi. After his death, his principal philosophical, psychological, theological and historical works were edited and published ...

#18957

Edgar Frederick Carritt

1876 - 1964 (88 years)

Edgar Frederick Carritt, FBA was an English philosopher who wrote on aesthetics, moral philosophy and political philosophy. He was a fellow of University College, Oxford, from 1898 to 1945. He was a member of the famous Oxfordshire based Carritt family, whose members included many Marxist academics and revolutionaries.

#18958

Mustafa 'Abd ar-Raziq

Mustafa 'Abd ar-Raziq

1885 - 1947 (62 years)

Shaykh Mustafa Abd ar-Raziq was an Egyptian Islamic philosopher. Early life He was born in Abu Jirj, Minya Governorate. Career Abd ar-Rizq succeeded Mustafa al-Maraghi as rector of al-Azhar. His appointment encountered resistance, since he was not a member of the Council of Supreme ulama: King Farouk pressured for the law to be altered to allow him to assume office. Historian Fawaz Gerges characterized ar-Rizq as a "rebel member of al-Azhar" during his era.

#18959

Prince George of Greece and Denmark

1869 - 1957 (88 years)

Prince George of Greece and Denmark was the second son and child of George I of Greece and Olga Konstantinovna of Russia, and is remembered chiefly for having once saved the life of his cousin the future Emperor of Russia, Nicholas II in 1891 during their visit to Japan together. He served as high commissioner of the Cretan State during its transition towards independence from Ottoman rule and union with Greece.

#18960

Jan Brueghel the Elder

Jan Brueghel the Elder

1568 - 1625 (57 years)

Jan Brueghel the Elder was a Flemish painter and draughtsman. He was the son of the eminent Flemish Renaissance painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder. A close friend and frequent collaborator with Peter Paul Rubens, the two artists were the leading Flemish painters in the first three decades of the 17th century.

#18961

Ionel Gherea

1895 - 1978 (83 years)

Ionel Gherea, also known as Ioan Dobrogeanu-Gherea or Ion D. Gherea , was a Romanian philosopher, essayist, and concert pianist. The son of Constantin Dobrogeanu-Gherea, a Marxist theoretician and critic, and the brother of communist militant Alexandru "Sașa" Gherea, he was only mildly interested in politics of any kind, embracing an apolitical form of left-libertarianism. Largely self-taught, he became interested in the aestheticism of his brother-in-law, Paul Zarifopol, who became one of his main references. As a youth, Zarifopol took him to meet playwright Ion Luca Caragiale and his family, who were also influential on Gherea's writing, and the focus of his old-age memoirs.

#18962

Godfrey Kneller

Godfrey Kneller

1646 - 1723 (77 years)

Sir Godfrey Kneller, 1st Baronet was a German-British painter. The leading portraitist in England during the late Stuart and early Georgian eras, he served as court painter to successive English and British monarchs, including Charles II of England and George I of Great Britain. Kneller also painted scientists such as Isaac Newton, foreign monarchs such as Louis XIV of France and visitors to England such as Michael Shen Fu-Tsung. A pioneer of the kit-cat portrait, he was also commissioned by William III of England to paint eight "Hampton Court Beauties" to match a similar series of paintings ...

#18963

Adam Burski

1560 - 1611 (51 years)

Adam Burski or Bursius was a Polish philosopher of the Renaissance period. History Burski was a leading Polish representative of Neostoicism. He wrote a Dialectica Ciceronis that boldly proclaimed Stoic sensualism and empiricism and—before Francis Bacon—urged the use of inductive method. He set himself the same goals as Lipsius, the restorer of Stoicism famous in the West. Lipsius himself valued highly the work of his Polish fellow-philosopher.

#18964

Asclepiades of Phlius

350 BC - 270 BC (80 years)

Asclepiades of Phlius was a Greek philosopher in the Eretrian school of philosophy. He was the friend of Menedemus of Eretria, and they both went to live in Megara and studied under Stilpo, before sailing to Elis to join Phaedo's school. His friendship with Menedemus was said to have been hardly inferior to the friendship of Pylades and Orestes. As impoverished young men living in Athens, they were one day summoned before the Areopagus, to explain how they could spend all day with the philosophers if they had no visible means of support. They summoned a miller to the court to explain that the...

#18965

Kenneth Blackfan

1883 - 1941 (58 years)

Kenneth Blackfan was an American pediatrician. He took particular interest in nutrition and hematology. A childhood blood disorder, Diamond–Blackfan anemia, is partly named after him. Early in his career, Blackfan did work that identified the origin of cerebrospinal fluid.

#18966

Charles Folsom

1794 - 1872 (78 years)

Charles Folsom was a classical scholar, librarian, and editor. He was librarian at Harvard College from 1823 to 1826. Folsom, born in Exeter, N. H., 24 December 1794, was the son of James and Sarah Folsom. After studying at Phillips Academy, Exeter, he entered Harvard in the sophomore class and graduated in 1813. During the winter vacations while an undergraduate and for the year after his graduation, he taught school. Returning to Cambridge the next year, he began to prepare himself for the ministry, but poor health forced him to give it up. Meanwhile, he was a proctor and regent in the college, and in 1816 received the degree of A.M.

#18967

Walter S. Gamertsfelder

1885 - 1967 (82 years)

Walter Sylvester Gamertsfelder was a professor of philosophy, dean and thirteenth president of Ohio University, serving during the final years of World War II from 1943 to 1945. Called to serve on an interim basis, Gamertsfelder came to the presidency of Ohio University from a dual deanship of the College of Arts and Sciences and the Graduate College. He had been a member of the faculty of philosophy and religion since 1921.

#18968

Heinrich Knirr

1862 - 1944 (82 years)

Heinrich Knirr was an Austrian Empire-born German painter, known for genre scenes and portraits, although he also did landscapes and still-lifes. He is best known for creating the official portrait of Adolf Hitler for 1937 and is the only artist known to have painted Hitler from life.

#18969

Oliver Strunk

1901 - 1980 (79 years)

William Oliver Strunk was an American musicologist. Charles Rosen called him one of the most influential American musicologists of the 1930s to the 1960s. He was known for his anthology Source Readings in Music History and his work on Byzantine music. He was the son of Elements of Style coauthor William Strunk, Jr.

#18970

Andreas Stübel

1653 - 1725 (72 years)

Andreas Stübel, also: Stiefel was a German Lutheran theologian, pedagogue and philosopher. Career Born in Dresden the son of an innkeeper, Stübel attended the from 1668. After the Abitur, he studied philosophy, philology and theology at the University of Leipzig, graduating in 1674 a Baccalaureus and in 1676 a Magister of philosophy. He then worked as a private teacher. From 1682 he was Tertius at the , promoted to Konrektor in 1684. In 1687 he was a Baccalaureus of theology, appointed a private lecturer at the Leipzig University. In 1697 he lost the position due to theological disputes. He ...

#18971

Vanessa Hertzog

#18972

George Pullen Jackson

1874 - 1953 (79 years)

George Pullen Jackson was an American educator and musicologist. He was a pioneer in the field of Southern hymnody. He was responsible for popularizing the term "white spirituals" to describe the "fasola" singing.

#18973

Sphaerus

285 BC - 221 BC (64 years)

Sphaerus of Borysthenes or the Bosphorus, was a Stoic philosopher. Life Sphaerus studied first under Zeno of Citium, and afterwards under Cleanthes. He taught in Sparta, where he acted as advisor to Cleomenes III. He moved to Alexandria at some point, where he lived in the court of Ptolemy IV Philopator.

#18974

Benedict Pereira

Benedict Pereira

1535 - 1610 (75 years)

Benedict Pereira was a Spanish Jesuit philosopher, theologian, and exegete. Life Pereira was born at Ruzafa, near Valencia, in Spain. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1552 and taught successively literature, philosophy, theology, and sacred scripture in Rome, where he died.

#18975

Bernhard Pankok

Bernhard Pankok

1872 - 1943 (71 years)

Bernhard Wilhelm Maria Pankok was a German painter, graphic artist, architect, and designer. His works are characterized by the transition between Art Nouveau and the International Style. His furniture and book design, such as the catalog for the German section of the Exposition Universelle in Paris, have garnered him the most recognition.

#18976

Wu Enyu

1909 - 1979 (70 years)

Wu Enyu was a Manchu-Chinese philosopher, political scientist and literary critic. For the literacy part he was especially known for his criticism of The Dream of the Red Chamber. Wu graduated from the Department of Philosophy of Tsinghua University in 1933, and served as an editor of the philosophical and literary monthly periodical Wenzhe yuekan and the Sibian , a literary and philosophical supplement of Chenbao magazine . He was a student of professor Zhang Dongsun at Tsinghua. Wu then went for a short-term further study to London in 1936.

#18977

Francesco Fiorentino

1834 - 1884 (50 years)

Francesco Fiorentino was an Italian philosopher and historiographer. Biography He was born in Sambiase on May 1, 1834. His father was Gennaro Fiorentino, a chemist and a pharmacist, and his mother was Saveria Sinopoli. He was educated by Giorgio and Bruno Sinopoli, the uncle and the brother of his mother, respectively. He studied literature and theology, but he quit in 1851. After two years spent in Sambiase studying theology, he moved to Catanzaro where he studied jurisprudence, but he couldn't graduate because he was just 19.

#18978

Lionel Giles

1875 - 1958 (83 years)

Lionel Giles CBE was a British sinologist, writer, and philosopher. Lionel Giles served as assistant curator at the British Museum and Keeper of the Department of Oriental Manuscripts and Printed Books. He is most notable for his 1910 translations of The Art of War by Sun Tzu and The Analects of Confucius.

#18979

Philip Willem van Heusde

Philip Willem van Heusde

1778 - 1839 (61 years)

Philip Willem van Heusde was a Dutch philosopher and educator. He is known for his influence on the founders of the so-called Groningen school of theology. He studied literature and law in Amsterdam and Leiden. In 1803 he received his doctorate in literature with a dissertation on Plato. During the same year, he obtained his law degree. From 1803 to 1815, he was a professor of history, antiquities, eloquence and Greek studies at Utrecht University, where from 1815 to 1839, he was a professor of theoretical philosophy and literature. At Utrecht, he also served as university librarian . He died...

#18980

Maximilien Winter

1871 - 1935 (64 years)

Maximilien Winter was a French philosopher of mathematics. In 1893 Winter helped Xavier Léon to found the Revue de métaphysique et de morale. After the First World War Winter ran the Supplément of the Revue until his death in 1935.

#18981

Harold Stiles

1863 - 1946 (83 years)

Sir Harold Jalland Stiles was an English surgeon who was known for his research into cancer and tuberculosis and for treatment of nerve injuries. Early years Harold Stiles was born in Spalding, Lincolnshire in 1863 the son of Henry Tournay Stiles MD and his wife, Elizabeth Ellen Jalland. He came from a family of doctors. He studied Medicine at the University of Edinburgh, graduating MB ChB in 1885. He earned the Ettles scholarship for the most distinguished graduate of the year. For two years he then taught anatomy at Edinburgh. He was House Surgeon to Professor John Chiene FRSE, Demonstrat...

#18982

Wong Fei-hung

1847 - 1925 (78 years)

Wong Fei-hung was a Chinese martial artist, physician, and folk hero. His recent fame was due to becoming the protagonist of numerous martial arts films and television series. Even though he was considered an expert in the Hung Ga style of Chinese martial arts, his real public fame was as a physician who practiced and taught acupuncture, Dit Da and other forms of traditional Chinese medicine in the now famous Po Chi Lam , a medical clinic in Canton , Guangdong Province. A museum dedicated to him was built in his birthplace in Foshan, Guangdong.

#18983

Ralph Bathurst

1620 - 1704 (84 years)

Ralph Bathurst, FRS was an English theologian and physician. Early life He was born in Hothorpe, Northamptonshire in 1620 and educated at King Henry VIII School, Coventry. He graduated with a B.A. degree from Trinity College, Oxford in 1638, where he had a family connection with the President, Ralph Kettell .

#18984

Roy Chapman Andrews

Roy Chapman Andrews

1884 - 1960 (76 years)

Roy Chapman Andrews was an American explorer, adventurer and naturalist who became the director of the American Museum of Natural History. He led a series of expeditions through the politically disturbed China of the early 20th century into the Gobi Desert and Mongolia. The expeditions made important discoveries and brought the first-known fossil dinosaur eggs to the museum. Chapman's popular writing about his adventures made him famous.

#18985

Gerald Abraham

1904 - 1988 (84 years)

Gerald Ernest Heal Abraham, was an English-Jewish musicologist, editor and music critic. He was particularly respected as an authority on Russian music. Early career and author Abraham was born at Newport, Isle of Wight, and initially trained for a naval career in nearby Portsmouth until ill-health forced a change of direction. He was largely self-taught in piano, music theory and history, aside for some practical orchestration experience with military bands and a year's study in Cologne, where he learned German and listened to much music.

#18986

Richard L. Gamelli

#18987

Wilhelm Winternitz

Wilhelm Winternitz

1834 - 1917 (83 years)

Wilhelm Winternitz , Josefov Josefstadt , Bohemia – February 22, 1917, Vienna Biography Winternitz was educated at Vienna and at Prague , where he settled and became an assistant at the institute for the insane. In 1858 he entered the Austrian Navy, but resigned his position as surgeon in 1861 and established a practice in Vienna. There he became interested in hydropathy, and was soon regarded as one of the leading authorities. Admitted to the medical faculty of the University of Vienna as privat-docent for hydropathy in 1865, he was one of the founders of the General Vienna Dispensary, where by 1905 he had become departmental chief.

#18988

William R. Rayburn

#18989

Ian Rylance Booth

#18990

Johannes Wolf

1869 - 1947 (78 years)

Johannes Wolf was a German musicologist, archivist and teacher, known for his research on medieval and Renaissance music, particularly Ars Nova, and early music notation. Born in Berlin, Wolf studied music history under Philip Spitta and Heinrich Bellermann at the Friedrich Wilhelm University. He completed his doctorate at the Berlin University in 1902.

#18991

Geoffrey Keating

1569 - 1644 (75 years)

Geoffrey Keating was an Irish historian. He was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, and is buried in Tubrid Graveyard in the parish of Ballylooby-Duhill. He became a Catholic priest and a poet. Biography It was generally believed until recently that Keating had been born in Burgess, County Tipperary; indeed, a monument to Keating was raised beside the bridge at Burgess, in 1990; but Diarmuid Ó Murchadha writes,

#18992

Henricus Reneri

1593 - 1639 (46 years)

Henricus Reneri or Renerius was a Dutch philosopher. Life Reneri was born at Huy in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège in 1593. He studied liberal arts at the University of Leuven and attended the Grand Séminaire of Liège. After his conversion to Calvinism in 1616 he went to the Dutch Republic. He studied theology at the Collège Wallon at Leiden, but he broke off his studies in 1621. The following ten years Reneri worked as a private tutor to the children of several Amsterdam merchant-regents, including Adriaan Pauw. In the meantime he studied medicine at Leiden University. In 1631 he found a position as professor of philosophy at the illustrious school of Deventer, the Illustre Gymnasium.

#18993

Gualtiero Palareti

#18994

Nicolae Gh. Lupu

Nicolae Gh. Lupu

1884 - 1966 (82 years)

Nicolae Gh. Lupu was a Romanian physician. In 1948, he was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy. After completing his studies at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Bucharest, Lupu worked from 1907 to 1913 in the experimental medicine lab of Dr. Ioan Cantacuzino. In 1931 he is appointed professor at the section of anatomical pathology of the Faculty of Medicine, and in 1936 he is named professor at Filantropia Hospital.

#18995

John Abercrombie

John Abercrombie

1780 - 1844 (64 years)

John Abercrombie was a Scottish physician, author, philosopher and philanthropist. His Edinburgh practice became one of the most successful medical practices in Scotland. The Chambers Biographical Dictionary says of him that after James Gregory's death, he was "recognized as the first consulting physician in Scotland". As surgeon to The Royal Public Dispensary and the New Town Dispensary he provided free medical care for the poor of the town and taught medical students and apprentices. He published extensively on medical topics and latterly on metaphysics morality and religion. A devout Christian, he gave financial support to missionary work.

#18996

Diego de Zúñiga

1536 - 1597 (61 years)

To be distinguished from Diego López de Zúñiga Diego de Zúñiga of Salamanca was an Augustinian Hermit and academic. He is known for publishing an early acceptance of the Copernican theory. Life A student of Luis de León, he taught at the University of Osuna and the University of Salamanca.

#18997

Jacques Epelbaum

#18998

Sultan Walad

1226 - 1312 (86 years)

Baha al-Din Muhammad-i Walad , more popularly known as Sultan Walad was the eldest son of Jalal Al-Din Rumi, Persian poet, Sufi, Hanafi Maturidi Islamic scholar and one of the founders of the Mawlawiya order.

#18999

John Brown

1715 - 1766 (51 years)

John Brown was an English Anglican priest, playwright and essayist. Life He was born in 1715 at Rothbury, Northumberland, the son of the Rev. John Brown , vicar of Wigton from that year, and his wife Eleanor Troutbeck, née Potts. He matriculated at St John's College, Cambridge in 1732, graduating B.A. 1736, and M.A. 1739; he became D.D. in 1755.

#19000

Nicolas Bergasse

Nicolas Bergasse

1750 - 1832 (82 years)

Nicolas Bergasse was a French lawyer, philosopher, and politician, whose activity was mainly carried out during the beginning of the French Revolution during its early Monarchiens phase. Life After studying philosophy and law, Bergasse became a lawyer at the Parlement of Paris. He was very interested in the Enlightenment and in particular meeting Sieyès and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. In 1781, he became a disciple of Franz Mesmer, and published in 1784 a systemization of Mesmerism titled Considérations sur le magnetisme animal. In the Kornmann case, his quarrel with Beaumarchais made him a famous ...

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