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List of the most influential people in Physics,

#10251

Helen Schaeffer Huff

1883 - 1913 (30 years)

Helen Schaeffer Huff was an American physicist. She received her PhD in physics from Bryn Mawr College in 1908, with a minor in pure and applied mathematics. Her dissertation was entitled A Study of the Electric Spark in a Magnetic Field.

#10252

Jacques-André Mallet

1740 - 1790 (50 years)

Jacques-André Mallet ; also Mallet-Favre; 23 September 1740 – 31 January 1790 In 1772, Mallet established and co-financed the first Geneva Observatory, and served as its director until his death in 1790. His research primarily concerned occultations, especially lunar and solar eclipses, sunspots, planetary orbits, and the orbits of the moons of Jupiter.

#10253

Erich Peter Wohlfarth

1924 - 1988 (64 years)

Erich Peter Wohlfarth was a theoretical physicist. He is known for his work in magnetism, in particular the Stoner–Wohlfarth model he developed together with his teacher E.C. Stoner. See also Metamagnetism

#10254

James Robert Milne

1880 - 1961 (81 years)

James Robert Milne PRSSA FRSE was a 20th-century Scottish physicist. He served as president of the Royal Scottish Society of Arts from 1923 to 1925. Life He graduated with a BSc from the University of Edinburgh in 1899.

#10255

Carleton C. Murdock

1884 - 1971 (87 years)

Carleton Chase Murdock was an American physicist, teaching and researching primarily at Cornell University. He served as Dean of University Faculty from 1945 to 1951. Within the field of physics, he was known for research in the field of crystal structures and X-ray diffractions. During academic year 1926-27, Murdock also conducted research at the Royal Institute’s Davy-Faraday Laboratory in London, England.

#10256

František Záviška

František Záviška

1879 - 1945 (66 years)

František Záviška was a Czechslovak physicist. The major asset of his scientific work is integrated in nine studies on waveguides published between the years 1912 and 1939. They evaluated, on the basis of the Maxwell equations, the effect of radiation by electromagnetic waves in space using conductible and non-conductible cylinders, tubes and their combinations, organized in different ways. The results of Záviška's experiments were groundbreaking, but they were published in Czech journals only and never became known abroad.

#10257

George W. Lilley

1850 - 1904 (54 years)

George W. Lilley was an American academic, professor of mathematics, and the first president of two American universities, today known as South Dakota State University and Washington State University.

#10258

William Weldon Watson

1899 - 1992 (93 years)

William Weldon Watson IV was a physicist specializing in isotope separation and a contributor to the development of the atomic bomb. Biography Watson grew up in La Grange, Illinois. He received his B.S. in 1920, his M.S. in 1922, and his Ph.D. in 1924 from the University of Chicago, where he became a member of the faculty in 1924. He was a Guggenheim Fellow for the academic year 1928–1929. In 1929 he became an assistant professor at Yale University. Prior to 1940 Watson did research on molecular structures and spectra. Beginning in 1940 and for the remainder of his career, he studied isotope separation.

#10259

Qāḍī Zāda al-Rūmī

1364 - 1437 (73 years)

, whose actual name was Salah al-Din Musa Pasha , was a Turkish astronomer and mathematician who worked at the observatory in Samarkand. He computed sin 1° to an accuracy of 10−12. Together with Ulugh Beg, al-Kāshī and a few other astronomers, Qāḍī Zāda produced the Zij-i-Sultani, the first comprehensive stellar catalogue since the Maragheh observatory's Zij-i Ilkhani two centuries earlier. The Zij-i Sultani contained the positions of 992 stars.

#10260

Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi

$Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi$

1256 - 1321 (65 years)

Ibn al‐Bannāʾ al‐Marrākushī , full name: Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi al-Marrakushi , was a Maghrebi Muslim polymath who was active as a mathematician, astronomer, Islamic scholar, Sufi and astrologer.

#10261

Anna Maria Ciccone

Anna Maria Ciccone

1891 - 1965 (74 years)

Anna Maria Ciccone, or Mariannina Corradina Ciccone, was an Italian physicist. From Sicily to Pisa Maria Anna or Mariannina Corradina Ciccone was born on 29 August 1892 in Noto, Sicily, of Corrado, a rich trader, and Caterina Mirmina. She got her diploma from Regia Scuola Normale in 1910. Since her diploma did not allow her to attend specific faculties, Mariannina signed up at the Istituto Tecnico Archimede in the third year, in Modica, in a Physics-Mathematics class where she was the only female student in the class. After the first year in the Maths faculty at Rome university, she moved to Pisa, where she graduated with high marks, and where she got a second degree in physics in 1924.

#10262

Kshitimohan Sen

1880 - 1960 (80 years)

Kshitimohan Sen was Indian scholar, writer, a Sanskrit professor and an M.A. in Sanskrit from Queen's College, Benares. He was born in a family hailing from Sonarang in Bengal Presidency . He started his working life at the Department of Education, Chamba State. In 1908, at the call of Rabindranath Tagore, he joined Brahmacharyashram. Later he performed responsibility of Adhyaksha of Vidyabhaban. He was the first Deshikottam of Vishwa Bharati. He was an acting Upacharyas of Visva-Bharati University . He is the maternal grandfather of Amartya Sen.

#10263

Jacob Milich

1501 - 1559 (58 years)

Jacob Milich was a German mathematician, physician and astronomer. He was born in Freiburg im Breisgau, where he received his education starting in 1513. He studied at Albert-Ludwigs-Universität in Freiburg im Breisgau under Desiderius Erasmus. He taught at Wittenberg, where he received an M.D. degree and became a professor of mathematics. His most important student there was Erasmus Reinhold. Among his works was a 1535 commentary on the second book of Pliny the Elder. He became Dean of the Wittenberg university's philosophical and medical branches, then served as Rector of the school on several occasions.

#10264

Imre Izsák

1929 - 1965 (36 years)

Imre Gyula Izsák was a Hungarian mathematician, physicist, astronomer, and celestial mechanician. His father, Gyula Izsák, taught geography and biology in Zalaegerszeg. His mother, Aranka Pálfi, was a mathematics and physics teacher.

#10265

Edmund Dymond

1901 - 1953 (52 years)

Edmund Gilbert Dymond FRSE RMS was a Scottish physicist and meteorologist who served with James Mann Wordie on his Arctic explorations of 1937. He is also remembered for his refinement of the Radiosonde during the Second World War.

#10266

John Hazzidakis

1844 - 1921 (77 years)

Ioannis "John" N. Hazzidakis was a Greek mathematician, physicist, author, and professor. He is one of the most important mathematicians of the modern Greek scientific era. His professor was world renowned Greek mathematician Vassilios Lakon. He also studied with famous German mathematicians Ernst Kummer, Leopold Kronecker, Karl Weierstrass. He systematically worked in the field of research and education. He wrote textbooks in the field of algebra, geometry, and calculus. Hazzidakis essentially adopted some elements of Lacon's Geometry. He introduced the Hazzidakis transform in differential geometry.

#10267

Narendra Nath Sen Gupta

1889 - 1944 (55 years)

Narendra Nath Sen Gupta was a Harvard-educated Indian psychologist, philosopher, and professor, who is generally recognized as the founder of modern psychology in India along with Indian Scientist Gunamudian David Boaz. In 1916 he established the First independent department of psychology in India–the Department of Experimental Psychology, at the University of Calcutta, the second being in University of Madras by Dr.Gunamudian David Boaz.

#10268

Thomas Ralph Merton

1888 - 1969 (81 years)

Sir Thomas Ralph Merton KBE, DSc, FRS was an English physicist, inventor and art collector. He is particularly noted for his work on spectroscopy and diffraction gratings. Early life and education Born in Wimbledon, Surrey, Thomas Ralph Merton was the only son of Emile Ralph Merton and Helen, daughter of Thomas Meates, a descendant of Sir Thomas Meutas, Secretary to Sir Francis Bacon. Emile Merton was for a time in the family metal trading business as a partner in Henry R. Merton & Co. which was started in London by his eldest brother in 1860. Another brother William Ralph Merton founded the...

#10269

Karl Stumpff

1895 - 1970 (75 years)

Karl Johann Nikolaus Stumpff was a German astronomer. The Stumpff functions, used in the universal variable formulation of the two-body problem, are named after him. Works Analyse periodischer Vorgänge. Gebrüder Borntraeger: Berlin 1927Grundlagen und Methoden der Periodenforschung. Berlin 1937Ermittlung und Realität von Periodizitäten. Korrelationsrechnung. In: Handbuch der Geophysik. 1940Tafeln und Aufgaben zur Harmonischen Analyse und Periodogrammrechnung. Berlin 1939Neue Theorie und Methoden der Ephemeridenrechnung. Abhandlungen der Deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften 1947Neue Wege zur Bahnberechnung der Himmelskörper.

#10270

Arie Bijl

1908 - 1945 (37 years)

Arie Bijl was a Dutch theoretical physicist and resistance man. Arie Bijl was the youngest child of Simon Bijl , owner of a milk factory, and Willemijntje van der Lelij . Because in the Bijl family there was an eye for the extraordinary gift of Arie and his older brother Jaap , not only the parents, but also the other children in the family contributed financially to the study of the two brothers. Arie Bijl studied mathematics and physics at Leiden University and obtained his PhD there on 28 April 1938 from Hendrik Kramers on the thesis Discontinuities in the energy and specific heat .

#10271

Charles Sykes

1905 - 1982 (77 years)

Sir Charles Sykes CBE, FRS was a British physicist and metallurgist. He was born in Clowne, Derbyshire, the only son of Samuel Sykes, the local greengrocer and was educated at the Netherthorpe Grammar School and Sheffield University, where he gained a BSc in physics in 1925. He stayed on there to do a PhD course in physics but after one year accepted an invitation by Metropolitan-Vickers of Manchester to complete an unfinished project on the alloys of zirconium. The results of that study earned him a PhD in metallurgy and a position in the research department of Metropolitan-Vickers.

#10272

Giovanni Boccardi

1859 - 1936 (77 years)

Giovanni Boccardi was an Italian astronomer, mathematician, and priest. As a priest of the Congregazione della Missione, Boccardi was an astronomer in the observatories of Collurania , Catania and Turin . At Turin he served as the director of the observatory and as a docent of astronomy in the local university. He also supervised the creation of the new site Pino Torinese of the Turin observatory . In 1907 he founded the Rivista di astronomia e di scienze affini .

#10273

Ernest Wilmot Guptill

1919 - 1976 (57 years)

Ernest Wilmot Guptill was a Canadian physicist. He spent his academic career at Dalhousie University, where he was department head for ten years. He was co-inventor of the slotted waveguide antenna.

#10274

Cäcilia Böhm-Wendt

1875 - Present (151 years)

Cäcilia Böhm-Wendt was an Austrian physicist, who conducted research on radioactivity. Early life and education She was born Cäcilia Wendt on 4 May 1875 in Troppau, Silesia. She studied at the University of Vienna from 1896 to 1900, where she published work on rational values of trigonometric functions, receiving a doctoral degree for research on special functions of importance in mathematical physics.

#10275

Thomas Brattle

1657 - 1713 (56 years)

Thomas Brattle was an American merchant who served as treasurer of Harvard College and member of the Royal Society. He is known for his involvement in the Salem Witch Trials and the formation of the Brattle Street Church.

#10276

Francesco Capuano Di Manfredonia

1450 - 1490 (40 years)

Francesco Capuano Di Manfredonia was an Italian astronomer, professor, and member of the clergy. Up until the 1880s there wasn't a lot known about Capuano, and the little bit that was known was derived directly from his printed works.

#10277

Perley G. Nutting

Perley G. Nutting

1873 - 1949 (76 years)

Perley Gilman Nutting was an American optical physicist and the founder of the Optical Society of America . He served as its first president from 1916 to 1917. OSA is now known as Optica. Born August 22, 1873, in Randolph, Wisconsin, Nutting was a graduate of Stanford University , the University of California, Berkeley , and Cornell University . He joined the National Bureau of Standards as a physicist in 1903. It is claimed that in 1904, Nutting constructed one of the earliest, if not the first, neon sign, which was displayed at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition; however, this story ha...

#10278

Maksymilian Nowicki

Maksymilian Nowicki

1826 - 1890 (64 years)

Maksymilian Siła-Nowicki was a Polish zoology professor and pioneer conservationist in Austrian Poland. His major studies were on the beetles and lepidoptera of eastern Galicia and later in life, he was involved in the conservation of the fauna of the Tatra Mountains. He was the father of the poet Franciszek Nowicki and a brother-in-law of Franciszek Kasparek law professor and rector at Kraków University.

#10279

Sir Iain Colquhoun, 7th Baronet

1887 - 1948 (61 years)

Sir Iain Colquhoun, 7th Baronet, 29th Laird of Luss, KT, DSO & Bar, FRSE , was a Scottish landowner and British Army soldier during the First World War. Military career During the First World War, Colquhoun served in the Scots Guards. In 1914, the opposing troops on the Western Front had unofficially observed a Christmas truce. The following year, however, when the 28-year-old Captain Colquhoun agreed to a German officer's request for a short truce on Christmas Day, lasting about an hour, he was brought before a court-martial. He was defended by Raymond Asquith, son of Prime Minister H. H. Asquith .

#10280

Adam Mitchell Hunter

1871 - 1955 (84 years)

Rev Adam Mitchell Hunter FRSE DLitt was a Scottish minister, mathematician, astronomer and author of church history. Life He was born in Edinburgh in 1871. He was educated at George Watsons College then studied divinity at the University of Edinburgh and Marburg University in central Germany.

#10281

Walter H. Johns

1908 - 1985 (77 years)

Walter Hugh Johns, was a Canadian academic and academic administrator. Born near Exeter, Ontario, Johns received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Classics from the University of Western Ontario in 1930 and a Ph.D. in Classics and Ancient History from Cornell University in 1934.

#10282

Carlos Ulrrico Cesco

Carlos Ulrrico Cesco

1910 - 1987 (77 years)

Carlos Ulrrico Cesco was an Argentine astronomer. He lived most of his life in San Juan, Argentina. He was a well-known discoverer of minor planets credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 19 numbered minor planets.

#10283

Frank Heath

1863 - 1946 (83 years)

Sir Henry Frank Heath was a British educationist and civil servant. He was the eldest son of Henry Charles Heath, miniature pointer to Queen Victoria. He was educated at Westminster School and University College, London, after which he spent a year at the University of Strasbourg. When he came back to England he was appointed Professor of English at Bedford College, London , and lecturer in English language and literature at King's College, London.

#10284

Patrick Wilson

1743 - 1811 (68 years)

Patrick Wilson FRSE LLD was a Scottish astronomer, type-founder, mathematician and meteorologist. He was the Regius Professor of Practical Astronomy at the University of Glasgow from 1784 to 1799. In 1783 he was one of the several joint founders of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

#10285

Haseb-i Tabari

Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ayyub-i Haseb-i Tabari was a Persian astronomer. All of his works are in Persian language and none of them are written in Arabic . Not much is known about his life. His works are among the oldest scientific works in Persian language. He used many Persian equivalents for Arabic words. He was from Amol, Tabaristan.

#10286

Constantin Miculescu

1863 - 1937 (74 years)

Constantin Miculescu was a Romanian physicist. A professor at the University of Bucharest, his research focused on heat, optics and acoustics. Miculescu is noted for his 1891 determination, with great precision, of the mechanical equivalent of the calorie using water circulated in a calorimeter.

#10287

Donald Macleod

1887 - 1972 (85 years)

Donald Bannerman Macleod was a New Zealand molecular physicist. Early life and education Born at Doyleston, near Christchurch, in 1887, Macleod studied at Canterbury University College, graduating with an MA with first-class honours in chemistry in 1910.

#10288

Keith Lucas

1879 - 1916 (37 years)

Keith Lucas FRS was a British scientist who carried out pioneering work in neuroscience at Trinity College, Cambridge. He was the son of Francis Robert and Katharine Mary Lucas. He was educated at Rugby School and Trinity College, Cambridge where he graduated BA with a first-class in natural sciences in 1901. In 1902 he worked in New Zealand, on the bathymetrical survey of the lakes, and he became a Fellow of Trinity in 1904. In 1907 he became an additional university demonstrator in physiology, and in 1908 a lecturer in natural sciences. He delivered the Royal Society Croonian Lecture in 1912.

#10289

Francis Howell

1625 - 1679 (54 years)

Francis Howell was Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, from 1657 to 1660. Life Howell was born in Gwinear in Cornwall. He was White's Professor of Moral Philosophy between 1654 and 1657. He was a Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford and was appointed to the position of Principal of Jesus College by Oliver Cromwell, in preference to Seth Ward, who was the choice of the fellows of the college. The college has had strong links to Wales since its foundation. In contrast, Howell was originally from Cornwall and was the first principal not to be either Welsh or of Welsh descent . Howell remained in p...

#10290

Franciszek Armiński

1789 - 1848 (59 years)

Franciszek Armiński was a Polish astronomer. He was professor at the Warsaw University and director of the astronomical observatory in Łazienki Park, Warsaw. He studied many astronomical acts and predicted space theories.

#10291

Shams al-Din Abu Abd Allah al-Khalili

Shams al-Din Abu Abd Allah al-Khalili

1320 - 1380 (60 years)

Shams al-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Khalīlī was a Mamluk-era Syrian astronomer who compiled astronomical tables. He worked for most of his life as a at the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus.

#10292

David van Goorle

1591 - 1612 (21 years)

David van Goorle was a Dutch philosopher and theologian, and one of the first modern atomists. Biography Van Goorle was the son of David van Goorle Sr., a Protestant refugee from Antwerp, who at the time of his birth was treasurer for stadtholder Adolf van Nieuwenaar. His uncle was Abraham Gorlaeus. His mother was a Frisian noblewoman, the daughter of admiral Doecke van Martena, known for his role in the Dutch and Frisian wars of independence. Although he called himself Ultrajectinus , he grew up with his maternal grandparents in their stins in the Frisian village of Cornjum.

#10293

Selim Lemström

1838 - 1904 (66 years)

Karl Selim Lemström , was a Finnish geophysicist. Lemström is best known on his research of aurora borealis. He had several expeditions in Finnish Lapland and even tried to create an artificial northern lights in the laboratory. In 1870 Lemström studied the metric system in Paris and introduced the system to Finland. Since 1872 he was a professor in the University of Helsinki. Lemström has been described as the "forgotten pioneer of northern light studies," and some of his experiments have been compared with the ones made by Nikola Tesla.

#10294

Richard Heinzel

Richard Heinzel

1838 - 1905 (67 years)

Richard Heinzel was an Austrian philologist who specialized in Germanic studies. Biography Richard Heinzel studied classical and German philology at the University of Vienna, where his instructors were Franz Pfeiffer and Johannes Vahlen. From 1860 to 1864 he worked as a school teacher at gymnasiums in Trieste, Linz and Vienna, and in 1868 became a professor at the University of Graz. In 1873 he succeeded Wilhelm Scherer as professor of German language and literature at the University of Vienna. In 1874 he became a member of the Vienna Academy of Sciences.

#10295

Hermann Ambronn

1856 - 1927 (71 years)

Ernst Ludwig Victor Hermann Ambronn was a German botanist and microscopist. Ambronn studied at the universities of Heidelberg, Vienna and Berlin, where his instructors were Leopold Kny and Simon Schwendener. Following graduation , he worked as an assistant to August Schenk in the botanical institute at Leipzig, where from 1882 to 1887, he was curator of the university herbarium. In 1889 he received the title of associate professor. During the 1880s, he also spent time conducting research in Trieste and at the zoological station in Naples.

#10296

Carl Gustav Witt

Carl Gustav Witt

1866 - 1946 (80 years)

Carl Gustav Witt was a German astronomer and discoverer of two asteroids who worked at the Berlin Urania Observatory, a popular observatory of the Urania astronomical association of Berlin. He wrote a doctoral thesis under the direction of Julius Bauschinger.

#10297

Ruth Wheeler

1877 - 1948 (71 years)

Ruth Wheeler was an American chemist specialising in the field of nutrition and public education. Early life and education Ruth Wheeler was born on 5 August 1877 in Plains, Pennsylvania, to Jared Ward Wheeler and Martha Jane Wheeler . She was taught to read by her mother, and graduated from West Pittston High School in West Pittston, Pennsylvania. Her thinking was influenced by her Welsh grandfather, Rev. Dr. Evan Benjamin Evans, a minister concerned with feeding the poor.

#10298

Ibn al-Raqqam

1250 - 1315 (65 years)

Ibn Al‐Raqqam Muḥammad Ibn Ibrahim Al‐Mursi Al‐Andalusi Al‐Tunisi Al‐Awsi also known as Ibn Al‐Raqqam was a 13th century Andalusian-Arab astronomer, mathematician and physician; but also a Sunni Muslim theologian and jurist.

#10299

Federico Delpino

Federico Delpino

1833 - 1905 (72 years)

Giacomo Giuseppe Federico Delpino was an Italian botanist who made early observations on floral biology, particularly the pollination of flowers by insects. Delpino introduced a very broad view of plant ecology and was the first to suggest pollination syndromes, sets of traits associated with specific kinds of pollinators. He wrote Pensieri sulla Biologia Vegetale in 1867 and this failed to gather sufficient notice due to it being written in Italian. He corresponded with Charles Darwin and was one of the first to speculate on the idea of "plant intelligence".

#10300

Johann Holetschek

1846 - 1923 (77 years)

Johann Holetschek was an Austrian astronomer, known for his research on comets. Born in Thuma, in Lower Austria, he worked at the observatory of the University of Vienna. He died at Vienna. The crater Holetschek on the Moon is named after him.

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