The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
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List of the most influential people in Religious Studies,
#5701
Hildebert
1056 - 1133 (77 years)
Hildebert of Lavardin was a French ecclesiastic, hagiographer and theologian. From 1096–97 he was bishop of Le Mans, then from 1125 until his death archbishop of Tours. Life Hildebert was born of poor parents at Lavardin, near Vendôme, and was intended for the church. He was probably a pupil of Berengar of Tours, and became master of the school at Le Mans; in 1091 he was made archdeacon and in 1096 or 1097 bishop of Le Mans. He had to face the hostility of a section of his clergy and also of the English king, William II, who captured Le Mans and carried the bishop with him to England for abo...
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William of St-Thierry
1075 - 1148 (73 years)
William of Saint-Thierry, O. Cist was a twelfth-century Benedictine, theologian and mystic from Liège who became abbot of Saint-Thierry in France, and later joined the Cistercian Order. Biography William was born at Liège of a noble family between 1075 and 1080 , and died at Signy-l'Abbaye in 1148. He probably studied at the cathedral school in Reims, though some have argued it was at Laon, prior to his profession as a Benedictine monk. He became a monk with his brother Simon at the monastery of St. Nicaise, also in Reims, sometime after 1111. From here both eventually became abbots of other...
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Friedrich Spitta
1852 - 1924 (72 years)
Friedrich Spitta was a German Protestant theologian. Biography Spitta was born at Wittingen, Lower Saxony, the son of German hymn writer Karl Johann Philipp Spitta and brother of Philipp . Friedrich studied at the universities of Göttingen and Erlangen, where he was a pupil of Johann Christian Konrad von Hofmann. In the course of time he became professor ordinarius and university preacher at St. Thomas, Strasbourg. In 1901 he was appointed university rector. In 1919 he was named a professor at the University of Göttingen.
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Abdul Razzaq Gilani
1134 - 1207 (73 years)
ʿAbd al-Razzāq b. ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī , also known as Abū Bakr al-Jīlī or ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Jīlānī for short, or reverentially as Shaykh ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Jīlānī by Sunni Muslims, was a Persian Sunni Muslim Hanbali theologian, jurist, traditionalist and Sufi mystic based in Baghdad. He received his initial training in the traditional Islamic sciences from his father, Abdul-Qadir Gilani , the founder of the Qadiriyya order of Sunni mysticism, prior to setting out "on his own to attend the lectures of other prominent Hanbali scholars" in his region. He is sometimes given the Arabic honora...
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Johannes van den Driesche
1550 - 1616 (66 years)
Johannes van den Driesche [or Drusius] was a Flemish Protestant divine, distinguished specially as an Orientalist, Christian Hebraist and exegete. Life He was born at Oudenarde, in Flanders. Intended for the church, he studied Greek and Latin at Ghent, and philosophy at Leuven; but his father having been outlawed for his religion, and deprived of his estate, retired to England, where the son followed him in 1567. He found a teacher of Hebrew in Antoine Rodolphe Chevallier, with whom he resided for some time at Cambridge. In 1572 he became professor of Oriental languages at Oxford.
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Gottfried Wilhelm Lehmann
1799 - 1882 (83 years)
Gottfried Wilhelm Lehmann was a German copper engraver and later founder and pastor of the first Baptist congregation in Berlin. Along with Johann Gerhard Oncken and Julius Köbner, together known as the Baptist "cloverleaf" , he is one of the founding fathers of German Baptists.
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Gustav Frank
1832 - 1904 (72 years)
Gustav Wilhelm Frank was a German-Austrian Protestant theologian, known as the author of a multi-volume work on the history of Protestant theology. He studied theology at the University of Jena, where his influences included Karl von Hase. In 1859 he obtained his habilitation, and in 1864 became an associate professor at Jena. In 1867 he was appointed a full professor of systematic theology at the University of Vienna. In 1867 he also became a member of the Austrian Protestant Church Council.
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Jaan Kiivit Sr.
1906 - 1971 (65 years)
Jaan Kiivit Senior was an Estonian prelate who was the Archbishop of Tallinn and the first primate of the Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church from 1949 and 1967, after the break away from the exiled Estonian Evangelium's Lutheran Church.
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Allan Menzies
1845 - 1916 (71 years)
Allan Menzies was a Scottish minister remembered as a religious author and translator. He was fluent in English and German. Life Menzies was born on 23 January 1845 in Edinburgh the third son of Helen , grand-daughter of Alexander Cowan and Allan Menzies , Professor of Conveyancing at the University of Edinburgh. The family lived in a luxurious Georgian townhouse at 32 Queen Street.
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Emani Sambayya
1905 - 1972 (67 years)
Canon Emani Sambayya was an Anglican Priest, who was born in Bodipalem in Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh. He has been described as an "eloquent speaker and a gifted writer." Early life and education Emani Sambayya was born in Bodipalem in Andhra Pradesh on 25 July 1905.
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P. H. Welshimer
1873 - 1957 (84 years)
Pearl Howard "P. H." Welshimer was an American Christian minister and author from Canton, Ohio, and well-known leader in the Restoration Movement. Pearl Welshimer was born to Samuel and Louisa Jane Wilson Welshimer at Union Center, Union County, Ohio, on April 6, 1873. As a boy he selected for himself the middle name “Howard.” In his adult years he was most often known simply as “P.H.”
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Theodor Kolde
1850 - 1913 (63 years)
Theodor Kolde was a German Protestant theologian, born at Friedland in Silesia. Biography He studied at the universities in Breslau and Leipzig. In 1876 he commenced lecturing on theology at the University of Marburg, where he became professor extraordinarius in 1879. In 1881 he was appointed professor of church history at the University of Erlangen.
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H. W. J. Thiersch
1817 - 1885 (68 years)
Heinrich Wilhelm Josias Thiersch , usually known as H. W. J. Thiersch, was a German Evangelical theologian and philologist, who served as a minister in the short-lived Catholic Apostolic Church. Early life Thiersch was born in Munich, the son of well-known classicist Friedrich Thiersch, and brother of surgeon Karl Thiersch and painter Ludwig Thiersch. He studied philology at the University of Munich from 1833 to 1835, primarily under his father but also under Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling and Joseph Görres. He switched to theology and moved to the University of Erlangen, where from 1835...
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Johannes Terserus
1605 - 1678 (73 years)
Johannes Elai Terserus was a Swedish prelate and theologian who served as the Bishop of Turku from 1658 to 1664 and then Bishop of Linköping between 1671 and 1678. Early life Johannes Elai Terserus was born in Leksand where his father, , was a vicar. His mother was Anna Danielsdotter Svinhufvud. At the age of four, Terserus lost his mother, and his father married Margareta Bure, the so-called Stormor i Dalom. When he was twelve years old, he also lost his father, but was cared for by his stepmother and her later husband, Uno Troilius.
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David-Augustin de Brueys
1641 - 1723 (82 years)
David-Augustin de Brueys was a French theologian and playwright. He was born in Aix-en-Provence. His family was Calvinist, and he studied theology. After writing a critique of Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet's work, he was in turn converted to Catholicism by Bossuet in 1681, and later became a priest.
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Collins Denny
1854 - 1943 (89 years)
Collins Denny was an American clergyman and educator. He was Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy at Vanderbilt University from 1891 to 1910. He served as bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South from 1910 to 1943.
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Valentin Thalhofer
1825 - 1891 (66 years)
Valentin Thalhofer was a German Roman Catholic clergyman and theologian. Biography Thalhofer was born at Unterroth, near Ulm, on 21 January 1825; and died at the same place, on 17 September 1891. He took his gymnasial studies and philosophy at Dillingen, and from 1845 studied theology at the University of Munich. In 1848, he received the degree of Doctor of Theology and was ordained priest. After this he was a prefect at the seminary for priests at Dillingen , professor of exegesis at the lyceum of Dillingen , director of the seminary for priests, the Georgianum at Munich, and professor of li...
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Alexander Craighead
1705 - 1766 (61 years)
Alexander Craighead was a Scots-Irish American preacher. Biography Early life Alexander Craighead was born in Donegal, Ulster, Ireland on March 18, 1707. He emigrated to North America with his father, the Reverend Thomas Craighead.
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Hadrian à Saravia
1532 - 1613 (81 years)
Hadrian à Saravia, sometimes called Hadrian Saravia, Adrien Saravia, or Adrianus Saravia was a Protestant theologian and pastor from the Low Countries who became an Anglican prebend and a member of the First Westminster Company charged by James I of England to produce the King James Version of the Bible.
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Pierre Chaillet
1900 - 1972 (72 years)
Pierre Chaillet was a French Catholic priest of the Society of Jesus , who was recognised as Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem for his work to protect Jews from the Nazi Holocaust. The Amitiés Chrétiennes organisation operated out of Lyon to secure hiding places for Jewish children. Among its members was the Jesuit Pierre Chaillet. The influential French theologian Henri de Lubac SJ was active in the resistance to Nazism and to antisemitism. He assisted in the publication of Témoinage chrétien with Pierre Chaillet, responding to Neo-paganism and antisemitism with clarity, describing t...
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Robert Wallace
1791 - 1850 (59 years)
Robert Wallace was an English Unitarian minister, now best known for his Antitrinitarian Biography . Life He was born at Dudley, Worcestershire, on 26 February 1791. In 1808 he came under the influence of James Hews Bransby, who prepared him for entrance at Manchester College, then at York, under Charles Wellbeloved and John Kenrick. One of his fellow students was Jacob Brettell.
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Johann Christian Friedrich Steudel
1779 - 1837 (58 years)
Johann Christian Friedrich Steudel was a German Lutheran theologian. He was a brother of botanist Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel . From 1797 he studied Protestant theology at the University of Tübingen. Beginning in 1803, he worked as a vicar in Oberesslingen, and two years later, became a tutor at Tübinger Stift. In 1808 he traveled to Paris, where he studied with Silvestre de Sacy and Carl Benedict Hase. Following his return to Germany, he served as a deacon in Cannstatt and Tübingen . In 1815 he became an associate professor of theology at the University of Tübingen, where in 1822 he gained a full professorship.
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Cyprian Michael Iwene Tansi
1903 - 1964 (61 years)
Cyprian Michael Iwene Tansi , OCSO was an Igbo Nigerian priest of the Catholic Church who worked in the Archdiocese of Onitsha and later became a Trappist monk at Mount Saint Bernard Monastery in England.
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Philipp Kneib
1870 - 1915 (45 years)
Philipp Kneib was a German Catholic theologist. Life and career Bishop Paul Leoplod Haffner ordained Kneib as a priest in 1895 in Mainz. After serving as a Chaplain in Gernsheim, St. Quintin , St. Alban, and at the Cathedral in Mainz, he got a precarium in Seligenstadt. In 1899 he became a teacher at a local secondary school, the Progymnasium Seligenstadt. Kneib started to lecture at the seminar for priests in Mainz in 1900, first about the history of the church, and later about moral theology. He qualified as professor in 1903 and became the successor of his former teacher Herman Schell as p...
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Johann Wolfgang Jäger
1647 - 1720 (73 years)
Johann Wolfgang Jäger was a German professor of Protestant theology and chancellor of the University of Tübingen. He was born on 17 March 1647 in Stuttgart and died on 20 April 1720 in Tübingen. Life and works At the age of 16 Johann Wolfgang Jäger readily began university studies in philology, philosophy, and Protestant theology in Tübingen. He became a tutor for the eldest Prince Carl Maximilian, and also for his brother Georg Friedrich in 1676, the son of Duke Eberhard III of Württemberg. In 1680, he received the associate professorship of geography and Latin, and in 1681 the full professorship of Greek in Tübingen.
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Clarence Beckwith
1849 - 1931 (82 years)
Clarence Augustine Beckwith was an American theologian and writer. He was a teacher at the United Church of Christ's Chicago Theological Seminary from 1905. He lived at Little Deer Isle, Maine. Beckwith's best known work was The Idea of God, published in 1922. It was positively reviewed by Douglas Clyde Macintosh.
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Karel Justinus Calewaert
1893 - 1963 (70 years)
Karel Justinus Calewaert was a Belgian Roman Catholic bishop. Life Early years Calevaert was born in Deinze, a small town a short distance to the southwest of Ghent. His father, also named Justinus Calewaert, was a successful businessman, with premises in the Tolpoortstraat, who also ran a distillery. When war broke out in 1914 Calevaert went initially to England, but he later returned to Belgium and served as a stretcher-bearer on the front line.
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Karl Joseph Alter
1885 - 1977 (92 years)
Karl Joseph Alter was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Toledo in Ohio and as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati in Ohio . Biography Early life Karl Alter was born on August 18, 1885, in Toledo, Ohio, to John P. and Elizabeth Alter. His father was a cigar manufacturer and liquor dealer. Karl Alter attended St. John's High School in Delphos, Ohio, and was a member of the first graduating class of St. John's College in Toledo in 1905. He made his theological studies at St. Mary's Seminary in Cleveland, Ohio.
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Victor Schultze
1851 - 1937 (86 years)
Victor Schultze was a German church historian and archaeologist. He studied theology and art history at the universities of Basel, Strasbourg, Jena and Göttingen, and in 1879 qualified as a lecturer of church history and Christian archaeology at the University of Leipzig. In 1884 he became an associate professor at Greifswald, where from 1888 to 1920 he taught classes as a full professor at the university.
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Isaac of Troki
1533 - 1594 (61 years)
Isaac ben Abraham of Troki, Karaite scholar and polemical writer Works Isaac's learning earned him the respect and deference of his fellow Karaites, and his knowledge of the Latin and Polish languages and of Christian dogmatics enabled him to engage in amicable conversations on religious subjects not only with Roman Catholic, Protestant, and Greek Orthodox clergymen, but also with Socinian and other sectarian elders. The fruit of these personal contacts, and of Isaac Troki's concurrent extensive reading in the New Testament and the Christian theological and anti-Jewish literature, was his famous apology of Judaism entitled Hizzuk Emunah .
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James Waddel Alexander
1804 - 1859 (55 years)
James Waddel Alexander was an American Presbyterian minister and theologian who followed in the footsteps of his father, Rev. Archibald Alexander. Early life Alexander was born in 1804 in Louisa County, Virginia, the eldest son of Rev. Archibald Alexander and his wife Janetta Waddel. He was born on the Hopewell estate near present-day Gordonsville at the residence of his maternal grandfather after whom he was named, the blind Presbyterian preacher James Waddel. His younger brothers included William Cowper Alexander , president of the New Jersey State Senate and first president of the Equitabl...
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Moses Hoge
1752 - 1820 (68 years)
Moses Hoge was a Presbyterian minister as well as an educator and abolitionist. He served as the sixth President of Hampden–Sydney College. Early life Moses Hoge was born in Cedar Grove, Virginia, to James and Nancy Hoge in 1752.
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Giovanni Maria Lampredi
1731 - 1793 (62 years)
Giovanni Maria Lampredi was an Italian jurist, scholar, and writer, active in Tuscany. He is also remembered for his text on Etruscan culture. Biography He was born in Rovezzano to a family of modest means. An older brother became a Franciscan friar, but Giovanni Maria studied classical languages and literature at the Seminario Eugeniano in Florence under Francesco Poggini. He studied philosophy under the provost Francesco Fossi. Graduating with a degree in canon law and theology in 1756, he joined the intellectual circles including of Giovanni Lami, Marco Lastri, and Giuseppe Bencivenni Pelli.
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Matthias Loy
1828 - 1915 (87 years)
Matthias Loy was an American Lutheran theologian in the Evangelical Lutheran Joint Synod of Ohio. Loy was a prominent pastor, editor, author and hymnist who served as president of Capital University, Columbus, Ohio.
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Ernst Tillich
1910 - 1985 (75 years)
Ernst Tillich was a German theologian. He survived the twelve Nazi years, but nevertheless spent much of the period in state detention, including more than three years in the concentration camp at Sachsenhausen. Subsequently, between 1951 and 1958, Tillich led the Kampfgruppe gegen Unmenschlichkeit , a US funded militant campaigning anti-communist organisation, based in West Berlin, which supported resistance to the one-party dictatorship that had established itself as the German Democratic Republic in October 1949.
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Ibn Abi Talib al-Dimashqi
Ibn Abi Talib al-Dimashqi , , was a Syrian scholar and theologian of Islam. He was born near Damascus and remained in his hometown until his death. He worked on several subjects and served as an Imam at al-Rabwa. Ibn Abi Talib al-Dimashqi was given the titles Shaykh al-Rabwa and Shams al-Din. He likely had a son named Abd Allah, hence his Abu Abd Allah.
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Martin Cellarius
1499 - 1564 (65 years)
Martin Borrhaus was a German Protestant theologian and reformer. Life Borrhaus was born in Stuttgart and raised as an adopted child of a Simon Keller. He enrolled at the University of Tübingen, where in 1515 he graduated and came to know Philipp Melanchthon. In 1520, he moved to the University of Ingolstadt, where he took up the study of Greek and Hebrew, and theology under Johann Eck. Following a dispute with Eck, he left for Wittenberg, where he taught mathematics at the private school of Melanchthon. However his ideas became more radical, and he was expelled for heterodoxy in April 1522. Borrhaus travelled in the company of Felix Manz through Switzerland, Austria, Poland and Prussia.
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Sayyed Ibn Tawus
1193 - 1266 (73 years)
Sayyed Radhi ud-Deen Ali ibn Musa ibn Tawus al Hasani wal Husaini commonly called Sayyed Ibn Tawus was a Shiite jurist, theologian, historian and astrologer. He was a descendant of Hasan ibn Ali through his father and a descendant of Husain ibn Ali through his mother. It is said that he met the twelfth Shiite imam, Muhammad al-Mahdi, who according to Shiites is living in occultation. He is known for his library and his numerous works which are still available in their original form and help us learn about the interests of Muslim scholars at the end of the Abbasid era.
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Conrad of Megenberg
1309 - 1374 (65 years)
Conrad of Megenberg was a German Catholic scholar, and a writer. Biography Conrad was born in either Mainberg or Mebenburg, both in Bavaria. He was born on 2 February 1309. Conrad himself calls his native place Megenberg, hence continued confusion on his birthplace. He studied at Erfurt and the University of Paris; at the latter university he obtained the degree of Master of Arts, and he taught philosophy and theology at the University of Paris for several years.
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Caspar Abel
1676 - 1763 (87 years)
Caspar Abel was a German theologian, historian and poet. Abel was born in Hindenburg in der Altmark, the son of a pastor, and gained his theological education in Braunschweig and Helmstedt. In 1696 he became rector in Osterburg, in 1698 at the Johannisschule in Halberstadt. In 1718 he became pastor in Westdorf near Aschersleben where he died in 1763. His son Joachim Gottwalt Abel also became a pastor.
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Jacques Le Fèvre
1645 - 1716 (71 years)
Jacques Le Fèvre was a French Roman Catholic theologian and controversialist. Life He became archdeacon of Lisieux and vicar-general of the Archbishopric of Bourges. In 1674 he received a doctorate in theology from the Sorbonne.
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Thomas of Chobham
1160 - 1230 (70 years)
Thomas of Chobham , was an English theologian and subdean of Salisbury, who was born c. 1160, presumably in Chobham, Surrey, England, and died between 1233 and 1236 in Salisbury, England. Thomas Chobham studied in Paris in the 1180s, likely under Peter the Chanter. He is best known for his influential work on penance which combines Canon law, theology, and practical advice for confessors. It is known by many titles, and there has been much confusion over both author and incipit, which is often related as Cum miseratione domini. More fully and correctly, this should be "Cum miserationes domini sint super omnia".
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Michael Glykas
1125 - 1204 (79 years)
Michael Glykas or Glycas was a 12th-century Byzantine historian, theologian, mathematician, astronomer and poet. He was probably from Corfu and lived in Constantinople. He was a critic of Manuel I Komnenos, and was imprisoned and blinded due to his participation in a conspiracy against the emperor. He is also identified by modern scholarship with Michael Sikidites , who was condemned as a heresiarch in 1200.
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Ruard Tapper
1487 - 1559 (72 years)
Ruard Tapper was a Dutch theologian of the Catholic Reformation, a chancellor of Leuven University, and an inquisitor. Life Tapper was born at Enkhuizen, County of Holland, on 15 February 1487. He matriculated at Leuven University on 11 June 1503, and graduated M.A. in 1507, placing second highest in his year. While studying Theology he taught physics and logic, and in 1511 sat on the university council on behalf of the Faculty of Arts. In 1517 he served as dean of the Faculty of Arts. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1515, and graduated Licentiate of Sacred Theology on 3 June 1516 and Doctor of Sacred Theology on 16 August 1519.
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Carl Peter Wilhelm Gramberg
1797 - 1830 (33 years)
Carl Peter Wilhelm Gramberg was a German theologian and biblical scholar. Biography Gramberg attended university at Halle, where he studied Hebrew Bible and Theology under Wilhelm Gesenius and Julius Wegscheider. His major work, in addition to commentaries on Chronicles and Genesis, was the Kritische Geschichte der Religionsideen des alten Testaments, of which he published two of a projected four volumes before his death in Oldenburg at the age of thirty-three.
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Petrus Johannes Meindaerts
1684 - 1767 (83 years)
Petrus Johannes Meindaerts served as the tenth Archbishop of Utrecht from 1739 to 1767. After the death of his consecrator, Bishop Dominique Marie Varlet, Meindaerts consecrated other bishops, such that all later Old Catholic bishops derive their apostolic succession from him.
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Palladius of Ratiaria
301 - 400 (99 years)
Palladius of Ratiaria was a late 4th century Arian Christian theologian, based in the Roman province of Dacia in modern Romania. He was deposed from his office, together with Secundianus of Singidunum, at the Council of Aquileia, held in 381 AD.
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Johann Heinrich Ernesti
1652 - 1729 (77 years)
Johann Heinrich Ernesti was a Saxon philosopher, Lutheran theologian, Latin classicist and poet. He was rector of the Thomasschule, and Professor of Poetry at Leipzig University. He gained fame through his writings on Cicero.
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Francisco de Enzinas
1518 - 1552 (34 years)
Francisco de Enzinas , also known by the humanist name Francis Dryander , was a classical scholar, translator, author, Protestant reformer and apologist of Spanish origin. Family and education Francisco de Enzinas was born in Burgos, Spain, probably on 1 November 1518. He was one of ten children of the successful wool merchant Juan de Enzinas. The mater of his correspondence was his stepmother, Beatriz de Santa Cruz, whose family included the wealthy Low Countries merchant Jerónimo de Salamanca Santa Cruz and the churchman Alonso de Santa Cruz, treasurer of Burgos Cathedral.
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Al-Muzani
791 - 878 (87 years)
Abū Ibrāīm Ismā'īl ibn Yahyā Ibn Ismā'īl Ibn 'Amr Ibn Muslim Al-Muzanī Al-Misrī was an Islamic jurist and theologian and one of leading member of Shafi'i school. A native of Cairo, he was a close disciple and companion of Imam Shafi'i. He has been called Al-Imam, al-'Allamah, Faqih al-Millah, and 'Alam az-Zahad. He was skilled in the legal verdicts and became one of the inheritors of Imam Shafi’i. Imam Shafi’i said about him: " al-Muzani is the standard-bearer of my school". He lived an ascetic life and died at the age of 89 on the 24th of Ramadan 264/30 May 878 and was buried near Imam al-Sh...
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