The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
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List of the most influential people in Religious Studies,
#3201
Johann Heinrich van Ess
1772 - 1847 (75 years)
Johann Heinrich van Ess , was a German Catholic theologian, born at Warburg, Westphalia. He was educated at the Dominican order gymnasium of his native town, and in 1790 entered, as a novice, the Benedictine abbey of Marienmunster, in the Bishopric of Paderborn. His Benedictine name was Leander. He was priest at Schwalenberg from 1799 to 1821 after which he became extraordinary professor of theology and joint-director of the teacher's seminary at Marburg. In 1818 he received the doctorate of theology and of canonical law.
Go to Profile#3202
Patrick Benedict Zimmer
1752 - 1820 (68 years)
Patrick Benedict Zimmer was a Catholic philosopher and theologian. Life Zimmer studied the Humanities and philosophy at Ellwangen, theology and jurisprudence at Dillingen and was ordained a priest on 1 April 1775. In 1777, he became repetitor of Canon law at the College of St. Jerome at Dillingen, and professor of dogmatic theology at the University of Dillingen in 1783. He was also appointed pastor of Steinheim in 1791. In 1795 he was dismissed from the faculty of the university, ostensibly because as pastor of Steinheim he should reside at that place, but in reality, because of his extreme idealism.
Go to Profile#3203
Alan Richardson
1905 - 1975 (70 years)
Alan Richardson, was a British Anglican priest and academic. From 1964 to 1975, he served as Dean of York. Early life and education Richardson was educated at Liverpool University, Exeter College, Oxford and Ridley Hall, Cambridge.
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Edmund Pfleiderer
1842 - 1902 (60 years)
Edmund Pfleiderer was a German philosopher and theologian. He entered the ministry and during the Franco-Prussian War served as army chaplain, an experience described in his eines feldgeistlichen im kriege 1870/71 . He was afterwards appointed professor ordinarius of philosophy at Kiel , and in 1878 he was elected to the philosophical chair at Tübingen. He published works on Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, empiricism and scepticism in David Hume's philosophy, modern pessimism, Kantian criticism, English philosophy, Heraclitus of Ephesus and many other subjects.
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Lynn de Silva
1919 - 1982 (63 years)
Lynn Alton de Silva was a Sri Lankan theologian and Methodist minister. He was the founder and editor of one of the first theological journals on Buddhist-Christian encounter called Dialogue , chief translator for the revision of the Old Testament of the Sinhalese Bible published as New Sinhala Bible , and director of the Ecumenical Institute for Study and Dialogue in Sri Lanka . Lynn de Silva is widely regarded as one of the foremost Christian practitioners of Buddhist-Christian dialogue in Sri Lanka, and also as one of the pioneers in this dialogue.
Go to Profile#3206
John Bale
1495 - 1563 (68 years)
John Bale was an English churchman, historian and controversialist, and Bishop of Ossory in Ireland. He wrote the oldest known historical verse drama in English , and developed and published a very extensive list of the works of British authors down to his own time, just as the monastic libraries were being dispersed. His unhappy disposition and habit of quarrelling earned him the nickname "bilious Bale".
Go to Profile#3207
Louis Thomassin
1619 - 1695 (76 years)
Louis Thomassin was a French theologian and Oratorian. Life At the age of thirteen he entered the Oratory and for some years was professor of literature in various colleges of the congregation, of theology at Saumur, and finally in the seminary of Saint Magloire, in Paris, where he remained until his death.
Go to Profile#3208
Richard Sibbes
1577 - 1635 (58 years)
Richard Sibbes was an Anglican theologian. He is known as a Biblical exegete, and as a representative, with William Perkins and John Preston, of what has been called "main-line" Puritanism because he always remained in the Church of England and worshiped according to the Book of Common Prayer.
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Aemilius Ludwig Richter
1808 - 1864 (56 years)
Aemilius Ludwig Richter was a German jurist. Biography He was born at Stolpen, Saxony, and educated at Leipzig. His Corpus Juris Canonici led to his being appointed professor of law in Leipzig, and he held subsequently similar positions at the universities of Marburg and Berlin . He also served as councilor-in-chief of the consistory and privy councilor of the government.
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Noël Alexandre
1639 - 1724 (85 years)
Noël Alexandre, or Natalis Alexander in Latin was a French theologian, author, and ecclesiastical historian. Biography Alexandre was born in Rouen, France. In 1654, he joined the Dominicans in his hometown. Shortly after his ordination, he was appointed professor of philosophy at the Couvent des Jacobins in Paris, where he was later buried.
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Thomas Gataker
1574 - 1654 (80 years)
Thomas Gataker was an English clergyman and theologian. Life He was born in London, the son of Thomas Gatacre. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge. From 1601 to 1611 he held the appointment of preacher to the society of Lincoln's Inn, which he resigned on accepting the rectory of Rotherhithe. In 1642 he was chosen a member of the Westminster Assembly, and annotated for them the books of Isaiah, Jeremiah and Lamentations.
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Franz Anton Staudenmaier
1800 - 1856 (56 years)
Franz Anton Staudenmaier was a Catholic theologian. He was a major figure in the Catholic theology of Germany in the first half of the nineteenth century. Life Born at Donzdorf, Württemberg, he was a pupil at the Latin school of Schwäbisch Gmünd between 1815 and 1818 and at the Gymnasium at Ellwangen from 1818 to 1822. During the years 1822-1826, he studied theology and philosophy at the University of Tübingen, where Johann Sebastian von Drey, Johann Georg Herbst, Johann Baptist von Hirscher, and Möhler were his teachers.
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Said Nursî
1877 - 1960 (83 years)
Said Nursi , also spelled Said-i Nursî or Said-i Kurdî, and commonly known with the honorifics Bediüzzaman and Üstad among his followers, was a Kurdish Sunni Muslim theologian who wrote the Risale-i Nur Collection, a body of Qur'anic commentary exceeding six thousand pages. Believing that modern science and logic was the way of the future, he advocated teaching religious sciences in secular schools and modern sciences in religious schools.
Go to Profile#3214
Louis Auguste Sabatier
1839 - 1901 (62 years)
Louis Auguste Sabatier , French Protestant theologian, was born at Vallon-Pont-d'Arc, Ardèche and died in Strasbourg. He was educated at the Protestant theological faculty of Montauban as well as at the universities of Tübingen and Heidelberg.
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Eusèbe Renaudot
1646 - 1720 (74 years)
Eusèbe Renaudot was a French theologian and Orientalist. Biography Renaudot was born in Paris, and brought up and educated for a career in the church. After being educated by the Jesuits, and joining the Oratorians in 1666, he was in poor health, left his order, and never took more than minor orders. Despite his interest in theology and his title of abbé, much of his life was spent at the French court, where he attracted the notice of Colbert and was often employed in confidential affairs.
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Abraham Berliner
1833 - 1915 (82 years)
Abraham Berliner was a German theologian and historian, born in Obersitzko, in the Grand Duchy of Posen, Prussia. He was initially educated by his father, who was the teacher in Obersitzko. He continued his education under various rabbis, later studying at the University of Leipzig where he received the degree of doctor of philosophy.
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Peter Dens
1690 - 1775 (85 years)
Peter Dens was a Flemish Roman Catholic theologian. Biography Dens was born at Boom near Antwerp. Most of his life was spent in the archiepiscopal college of Mechelen, where he was for twelve years reader in theology and for forty president. His great work was the Theologia moralis et dogmatica, a compendium in catechetical form of Roman Catholic doctrine and ethics which has been much used as a students textbook.
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Calvin Ellis Stowe
1802 - 1886 (84 years)
Calvin Ellis Stowe was an American Biblical scholar who helped spread public education in the United States. Over his career, he was a professor of languages and Biblical and sacred literature at Andover Theological Seminary, Dartmouth College, Lane Theological Seminary, and Bowdoin College. He was the husband and literary agent of Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of the best-seller Uncle Tom's Cabin.
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William George Ward
1812 - 1882 (70 years)
William George Ward was an English theologian and mathematician. A Roman Catholic convert, his career illustrates the development of religious opinion at a time of crisis in the history of English religious thought.
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Siegmund Jakob Baumgarten
1706 - 1757 (51 years)
Siegmund Jakob Baumgarten was a German Protestant theologian. He was a brother to philosopher Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten . Biography Baumgarten studied theology at the University of Halle, and in 1728 the 22-year-old Baumgarten, a Hallensian Pietist and bibliophile, was appointed as minister of the "Marktkirche Unser Lieben Frauen" . In 1730 he became an associate professor at Halle, where in 1734 he was appointed a full professor of theology. In 1748 he was named as university rector. At the end of his life he translated encyclopedic articles and biographies from English into German.
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Grigol Peradze
1899 - 1942 (43 years)
Saint Grigol Peradze was a prominent Georgian ecclesiastic figure, philologist, theologian, historian, and professor of patristics in the interwar period. Life and works Grigol Peradze was born in the village of Bakurtsikhe, in what is now the Kakheti region, in Eastern Georgia. The second of three sons of Romanoz Peradze, the local Orthodox priest, and the former Mariam Samadalashvili. Young Grigol was named in honor of the 11th-century Georgiann Saint Gregory of Khandzta – Grigol being the cognate of Gregory. His father died when he was six, and the family moved to Tiflis , then the provincial capital, and later that of independent Georgia.
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Isaac La Peyrère
1596 - 1676 (80 years)
Isaac La Peyrère , also known as Isaac de La Peyrère or Pererius, was a French-born theologian, writer, and lawyer. La Peyrère is best known as a 17th-century predecessor of the scientific racialist theory of polygenism in the form of his Pre-Adamite hypothesis, which offered a challenge to traditional Abrahamic understandings of the descent of the human races as derived from the Book of Genesis. In addition to this, La Peyrère anticipated Zionism, advocating a Jewish return to Palestine, within the context of premillennialist Messianic theology. He moved in prominent circles and was known for his connections to the Prince of Condé and the abdicated Queen Christina of Sweden.
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Fazlullah Nouri
1843 - 1909 (66 years)
Sheikh Fazlollah bin Abbas Mazindarani , also known as Fazlollah Noori , was a major figure in Iranian Constitutional Revolution as a Twelver Shia Muslim scholar and politically connected mullah of the court of Iran's Shah. Originally a supporter of the constitution, he turned against it after the supporting constitution shah died and was replaced by one opposing the constitution. He was hanged as a traitor in 1909 by a court of the constitutionalist government for "sowing corruption and sedition on earth".
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Johann Georg Herbst
1787 - 1836 (49 years)
Johann Georg Herbst was a German Orientalist. Biography Herbst was born in Rottweil in the Duchy of Württemberg. His college course, begun in the Gymnasium of his native city, was pursued in the Benedictine monastery of St. Peter in the Black Forest and in 1806 Herbst registered at the University of Freiburg. After some time spent in completing his mathematical and philosophical studies, he devoted his talents to mastering Oriental languages and Biblical science under the tutorship of Johann Leonard Hug. From the university Herbst went, in 1811, to the seminary of Meersburg, to prepare himself for Holy orders, and was ordained to the priesthood in March, 1812.
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Philipp Vielhauer
1914 - 1977 (63 years)
Philipp Adam Christoph Vielhauer was a German Lutheran pastor, and scholar of early Christianity and the New Testament Apocrypha. He is notable for having been the first German scholar to recognise quotes of Pauline epistles in the Book of Acts.
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Joseph Widmer
1779 - 1844 (65 years)
Joseph Widmer was a Swiss Catholic theologian. A native of Hohenrain, he died in Beromünster. He studied philosophy at Lucerne, and theology at Landshut under Sailer and Zimmer, the former exercising a great and abiding influence over him. After ordination Widmer was appointed professor of philosophy in 1804, and of moral and pastoral theology in 1819 at the lyceum of Lucerne. In 1833 he was removed from his position by the Government and received a canonry in the collegiate chapter at Beromunster; in 1841 he became the provost of this chapter. In connection with Joseph Heinrich Aloysius Gü...
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John Smyth
1570 - 1612 (42 years)
John Smyth was an English Anglican, Baptist, then Mennonite minister and a defender of the principle of religious liberty. Early life Smyth is thought to have been the son of John Smyth, a yeoman of Sturton-le-Steeple, Nottinghamshire. He was educated locally, most likely under Rev Quipp at Sturton though at the grammar school in Gainsborough has also been suggested. Then he attended in Christ's College, Cambridge, where he became a Fellow in 1594. Smyth was ordained as an Anglican priest in 1594 in England.
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Friedrich Spanheim
1600 - 1649 (49 years)
Friedrich Spanheim the Elder was a Calvinistic theology professor at the University of Leiden. Life He entered in 1614 the University of Heidelberg where he studied philology and philosophy, and in 1619 removed to Geneva to study theology. In 1621 he became tutor in the house of Jean de Bonne, Baron de Vitrolle, governor of Embrun in Dauphiné, and after three years he visited Geneva, and Paris, and England, returning to Geneva in 1626 and becoming professor of philosophy. In 1631 he went over to the theological faculty, and was rector of the academy from 1633 to 1637.
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Reginald of Piperno
1230 - 1290 (60 years)
Reginald of Piperno was an Italian Dominican, theologian and companion of Thomas Aquinas. Biography Reginald was born at Piperno about 1230. Since 1927 this town of the Lazio region in central Italy is Priverno. He entered the Dominican Order at Naples. Thomas Aquinas chose him as his socius and confessor at Rome about 1265. From that time Reginald was Aquinas's constant and intimate companion.
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Albert Ehrhard
1862 - 1940 (78 years)
Albert Joseph Maria Ehrhard was a German Catholic theologian, church historian and Byzantinist. He was the author of numerous works on Early Christianity. Biography Born in Herbitzheim , Ehrhard studied theology at Würzburg and Münster, being ordained as a priest in 1885, then received his doctorate of theology in 1888. From 1889 he served as a professor of dogmatics at the Roman Catholic seminary in Strasbourg. From 1892 to 1898 he was a professor of church history at the University of Würzburg, and afterwards held professorships in Vienna , Freiburg and Strasbourg , where in 1911/12 he served as university rector.
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Bernhard Josef Hilgers
1803 - 1874 (71 years)
Bernhard Josef Hilgers was a German Catholic church historian born in Dreiborn in der Eifel. Biography Hilgers studied at the University of Bonn, and in 1827 was ordained as a priest in Cologne. He spent a year as an associate pastor in Münstereifel, followed by five years service as a chaplain at the mental asylum in Siegburg. In 1834 he received his doctorate of theology at Münster, and during the following year, obtained his habilitation at the Catholic theological faculty in Bonn. From 1838 he served as pastor at the Church of St Remigius, Bonn, then in 1846 became a full professor of chu...
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Ambrose of Alexandria
200 - 251 (51 years)
Ambrose of Alexandria was a friend of the Christian theologian Origen. Ambrose was attracted by Origen's fame as a teacher, and visited the Catechetical School of Alexandria in 212. At first a gnostic Valentinian and Marcionist, Ambrose, through Origen's teaching, eventually rejected this theology and became Origen's constant companion, and was ordained deacon. He plied Origen with questions, and urged him to write his Commentaries on the books of the Bible, and, as a wealthy nobleman and courtier, he provided his teacher with books for his studies and secretaries to lighten the labor of co...
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Thomas Bradwardine
1300 - 1349 (49 years)
Thomas Bradwardine was an English cleric, scholar, mathematician, physicist, courtier and, very briefly, Archbishop of Canterbury. As a celebrated scholastic philosopher and doctor of theology, he is often called Doctor Profundus .
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Franz Michael Permaneder
1794 - 1862 (68 years)
Franz Michael Permaneder was a German canon lawyer. He studied theology and jurisprudence at Landshut and in 1818 was ordained to the priesthood at Regensburg. He was appointed in 1834 professor of church history and canon law at the "Lyceum" of Freising, and in 1847 joined the theological faculty of the University of Munich.
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Wilhelm Pauck
1901 - 1981 (80 years)
Wilhelm Pauck was a German-American church historian and historical theologian in the field of Reformation studies whose fifty-year teaching career reached from the University of Chicago and Union Theological Seminary, to Vanderbilt and Stanford universities. His impact was extended through frequent lectures and visiting appointments in the U.S. and Europe. Pauck served as a bridge between the historical-critical study of Protestant theology at the University of Berlin and U.S. universities, seminaries, and divinity schools. Combining high critical acumen with a keen sense of the drama of human history, in his prime Pauck was considered the Dean of historical theology in the United States.
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Henry Goodwin Smith
1860 - 1940 (80 years)
Henry Goodwin Smith was a United States theologian, the son of Henry Boynton Smith. He was pastor of the Freehold Presbyterian Church in 1886-1896, and from 1897 to 1903 was professor of systematic theology in Lane Theological Seminary.
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Johannes Piscator
1546 - 1625 (79 years)
Johannes Piscator was a German Reformed theologian, known as a Bible translator and textbook writer. He was a prolific writer, and initially moved around as he held a number of positions. Some scholarly confusion as to whether there was more than one person of the name was addressed in a paper by Walter Ong.
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G. H. Pember
1837 - 1910 (73 years)
George Hawkins Pember , known as G. H. Pember, was an English theologian and author who was affiliated with the Plymouth Brethren. Early life, education and marriages Pember was born in Hereford, the son of George Hawkins Pember and Mary Pember . He was educated at Hereford Cathedral School and matriculated from there in 1856. He then enrolled at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. He earned the B.A. in his studies in the Classics in 1860, and proceeded to postgraduate studies earning an M.A. in 1863. During his postgraduate studies Pember held a teaching post as assistant master at Rossall, Lancashire, from 1861 to 1863.
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Gabriel Vásquez
1549 - 1604 (55 years)
Gabriel Vásquez , known as Bellomontanus, was a Spanish Jesuit theologian and scholastic philosopher. Vásquez was the foremost academic rival of his fellow Jesuit Francisco Suárez, whose philosophical views he often and openly criticized. Suárez's treatment of the jus gentium, like his treatment of natural law, was partly directed at combatting the arguments of Vásquez.
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Ernst Lohmeyer
1890 - 1946 (56 years)
Ernst Lohmeyer was a German scholar of the New Testament, Protestant theologian and Bible professor, executed by Soviet authorities occupying the former East Germany. Life Ernst Lohmeyer was born on July 7, 1890, in Dorsten , as a son of parson, Carl Heinrich Ludwig Lohmeyer . On July 24, 1912, he wrote his bachelor's thesis on "Der Begriff der Diatheke in der antiken Welt und in der Griechischen Bibel". In 1914, he wrote a dissertation "Die Lehre vom Willen bei Anselm von Canterbury", for which he received a doctor of philology. After his army service between 1913 and 1918, he graduated in Heidelberg and was appointed Professor extraordinarius , and Professor ordinarius .
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Rava
280 - 352 (72 years)
Abba ben Joseph bar Ḥama , who is exclusively referred to in the Talmud by the name Rava , was a Babylonian rabbi who belonged to the fourth generation of amoraim. He is known for his debates with Abaye, and is one of the most often cited rabbis in the Talmud.
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Fulgentius Ferrandus
450 - 546 (96 years)
Fulgentius Ferrandus or Ferrand of Carthage was a Christian theologian of the Roman province of Africa, modern day Tunisia. Biography Little is known of his early life. At the end of his life, he was a deacon of the Church of Carthage, and a renowned theologian, consulted in 546 by the Roman deacons Pelagius and Anatolius on the affair of the Three Chapters which had just broken out. Ferrand's reply was retained, but Facundus of Hermiane, writing in the winter of 546/47 recounts this consultation by referring to Ferrand as " [...] laudabilis in Christo memoriæ Ferrando Carthaginiensi diacono scripserunt".
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Tommy Fallot
1844 - 1904 (60 years)
Tommy Fallot was a French pastor who is known as the founder of Christian socialism in France. Early years Tommy Fallot was born on 4 October 1844 in Fouday, Bas-Rhin. His grandfather was Daniel Legrand , an industrialist and Christian in Ban de la Roche, Alsace who felt that the gospel message was primarily for the poor and unfortunate, despite their suffering. Fallot earn a doctorate in theology in Strasbourg in 1872. His thesis was on "The Poor and the Gospel". He spent four years as Lutheran pastor of Wildersbach, near the Ban de la Roche. He then left the Lutheran church and moved to Par...
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Sophrony
1896 - 1993 (97 years)
Sophrony , known also as Elder Sophrony or Father Sophrony was an archimandrite and one of the noted ascetic Christian monks of the twentieth century. He is best known as the disciple and biographer of Silouan the Athonite and compiler of Silouan's works, and as the founder of the Patriarchal Stavropegic Monastery of St. John the Baptist in Tolleshunt Knights, Maldon, Essex, England.
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Adolf Bernhard Christoph Hilgenfeld
1823 - 1907 (84 years)
Adolf Bernhard Christoph Hilgenfeld was a German Protestant theologian. Biography He was born at Stappenbeck near Salzwedel in the Province of Saxony. He studied at the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin and the University of Halle, and in 1890 became professor ordinarius of theology at the University of Jena. He belonged to the Tübingen school. Fond of emphasizing his independence of Ferdinand Christian Baur, he still, in all important points, followed in the footsteps of his master; his method, which he is wont to contrast as Literarkritik with Baur's Tendenzkritik, "is nevertheless es...
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William Burt Pope
1822 - 1903 (81 years)
William Burt Pope was an English Wesleyan Methodist minister and theologian, who was president of the Methodist Conference. Biography Early life William Burt Pope was born at Horton, Nova Scotia, on 19 February 1822. He was the younger son of John Pope , Wesleyan missionary and Catherine, born Uglow, who was originally of Stratton, Cornwall. He was the younger brother of George Uglow Pope. After education at a village school at Hooe and at a secondary school at Saltash, near Plymouth, William spent a year in boyhood at Bedeque, Prince Edward Island, assisting an uncle, a shipbuilder and gen...
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Walter Travers
1548 - 1635 (87 years)
Walter Travers was an English Puritan theologian. He was at one time chaplain to William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, and tutor to his son Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury. He is remembered mostly as an opponent of the teaching of Richard Hooker. He was educated at the University of Cambridge, where he was admitted to Christ's College before migrating to Trinity, and then travelled to Geneva to visit Theodore Beza. He was ordained by Thomas Cartwright in Antwerp, where in the late 1570s his work was favoured by the encouragement of Sir Francis Walsingham and Henry Killigrew . He was a lectur...
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Andreas Essenius
1618 - 1677 (59 years)
Andreas Essenius was a Dutch Reformed theologian, controversialist and academic. He became professor of theology at the University of Utrecht. Life He was born Andreas van Essen in Zaltbommel where he studied Latin and Greek. He went on to the Latin school in Utrecht and then to the University of Utrecht where he was a student of Bernardus Schotanus and Gisbertus Voetius. In 1640 he received his doctorate, and was appointed as a minister in the little town of Neerlangbroek.
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Johann Gustav Stickel
1805 - 1896 (91 years)
Johann Gustav Stickel was a German theologian, orientalist and numismatist at Jena University. Biography Stickel was born in Eisenach in 1805. He went to school in Buttelstedt and in Weimar. In his youth he demonstrated a gift for the Hebrew language. From 1822 Johann Gustav Stickel studied rationalist Protestant theology of enlightenment which included at that time Oriental languages like Syriac and Arabic at Jena University. His teachers were Andreas Gottlieb Hoffmann , who is known for his Hebrew and Syriac studies, and Johann Traugott Leberecht Danz . In 1826, Stickel's first publication ...
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William Wall
1647 - 1728 (81 years)
William Wall was a British priest in the Church of England who wrote extensively on the doctrine of infant baptism. He was generally an apologist for the English church and sought to maintain peace between it and the Anabaptists.
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