The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
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List of the most influential people in Religious Studies,
#4951
Johannes Gezelius the younger
1647 - 1718 (71 years)
Johannes Gezelius the younger , also known as Johannes Gezelius den yngre in Swedish and Johannes Gezelius nuorempi in Finnish, was a theologian, professor at the Royal Academy of Åbo and Bishop of Turku between 1690 and 1718.
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Florens Radewyns
1350 - 1400 (50 years)
Floris Radewyns was the co-founder of the Brethren of the Common Life. Life Floris was born at Leerdam, near Utrecht, about 1350. He passed a brilliant university course and took his M.A. degree at Prague. Returning home, he was installed canon of St. Peter's, Utrecht. For some little time he led a life of pleasure, until converted by a sermon of Gerard Groote.
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Richard Rufus of Cornwall
Richard Rufus was a Cornish Franciscan scholastic philosopher and theologian. Life Richard Rufus who studied at Paris and at Oxford starting from the 1220s. He became a Franciscan around 1230. Rufus was one of the first medieval philosophers to write on Aristotle and his commentaries are the earliest known among those which have survived. He also wrote influential commentaries on Peter Lombard's Sentences. Rufus was influenced by Robert Grosseteste, Alexander of Hales, Richard Fishacre, and Johannes Philoponus, and in turn influenced Bonaventure and Franciscus Meyronnes. Roger Bacon was a fe...
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Caspar Coolhaes
1536 - 1615 (79 years)
Caspar Coolhaes, or Koolhaas, was a Reformed minister in the Netherlands and a libertine opponent of Calvinistic confessionalism. Caspar Coolhaes was born in Cologne in 1536. He studied at Düsseldorf. In 1566 he joined the Reformation. He pastored in the regions of Zweibruck and Nassau. In 1574 he accepted a professorship at the new University of Leiden.
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G. Ch. Aalders
1880 - 1961 (81 years)
Gerhard Charles Aalders , usually styled as G. Ch. Aalders, was a Dutch Old Testament scholar. He was born in London to an English mother and a Dutch father. He studied from 1897 to 1903 at the Free University of Amsterdam. He served as a minister of the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands from 1903 to 1920, and as Professor of Old Testament at the Free University from 1920 to 1950. He was rector magnificus of that institution twice.
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John Jeremiah Lawler
1862 - 1948 (86 years)
John Jeremiah Lawler was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Lead in South Dakota from 1916 until his death in 1948. He previously served as an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul in Minnesota from 1910 to 1916.
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Georg Karl Mayer
1811 - 1868 (57 years)
Georg Karl Mayer was a German Roman Catholic theologian born in Aschbach, Upper Franconia. He studied philosophy and theology in Bamberg, then continued his education at the Universities of Munich and Vienna. In 1837 he received his ordination in Bamberg, and afterwards worked as a chaplain. From 1842 he was a professor at the Lyceum in Bamberg, where he taught classes in canon law, church history, dogmatics, exegesis and Hebrew language. In 1862 he was appointed Domcapitular at Bamberg.
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Friedrich Smend
1893 - 1980 (87 years)
Friedrich Smend was a German Protestant theologian and librarian at the Preußische Staatsbibliothek in Berlin, publishing a catalogue of the writings of Adolf von Harnack. He was a liturgist, teaching as professor at the Kirchliche Hochschule Berlin. His publications focus on the work of Johann Sebastian Bach and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
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Muhammad Amin al-Astarabadi
Muḥammad ʾAmīn ʾAstarābādī was an Iranian theologian and founder or proponent of the orthodox conservative strand in Twelver Shia Islamic belief, those who base their theology on hadiths and reject fatwas. He was born in Astarabadi, the former name of Gorgan.
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Isaac of Stella
1100 - 1178 (78 years)
Isaac of Stella, also referred to as Isaac de l'Étoile, was a Cistercian and later a Carthusian monk, theologian and philosopher. Life Born in England, after studies in Paris, he entered the Order of Cistercians, probably at Pontigny, during the reforms of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. In 1147 he became abbot of the small monastery of Stella, outside Poitiers.
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William Henry Furness
1802 - 1896 (94 years)
William Henry Furness was an American clergyman, theologian, Transcendentalist, abolitionist, and reformer. Biography Furness was born in Boston, where he attended the Boston Latin School and developed a lifelong friendship with schoolmate Ralph Waldo Emerson. He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1823. He preached in Watertown and Boston, Massachusetts and in Baltimore, Maryland in early 1823. At the age of 22 he became the minister of the First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia, which had operated without a minister for 29 years. He served there from 1825 until his retirement in 1875.
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Tommaso Tamburini
1591 - 1675 (84 years)
Tommaso Tamburini was an Italian Jesuit moral theologian. Life Also known under the name of R. P. Thoma Tamburino. He was born at Caltanisetta in Sicily, and entered the Society of Jesus when fifteen years old; there he became distinguished for a talent for teaching. After a successful course of studies he held the professorship of philosophy four years, of dogmatic theology seven years, of moral theology seventeen years, and during thirteen years was rector of various colleges. He died at Palermo.
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Samuel Maresius
1599 - 1673 (74 years)
Samuel Des Marets or Desmarets was a French Protestant theologian. Life He was born in Picardy, northern France. He studied in Paris, in Saumur Academy under Gomarus, and in Geneva at the time of the Synod of Dort. He was ordained in 1620, and preached at Laon until a controversy with Roman Catholic missionaries. Feeling his life was in danger, he left in 1624. which led to an attack on his life.
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Pedro de Soto
1493 - 1563 (70 years)
Pedro de Soto was a Spanish Dominican theologian. Biography De Soto was confessor to Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Later, for six years, he served as senior chair of theology at the University of Dillingen, where he disputed with Protestants and worked with the Bishop of Augsburg to establish a Catholic academic stronghold. In May 1555 he was sent to London to take part in the late stages of the persecutions that led to the executions of the Oxford Martyrs, and was more generally involved in Reginald Pole's efforts to solidify England's return to Catholicism under Mary I. He served as theolo...
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Louis-Isaac Lemaistre de Sacy
1613 - 1684 (71 years)
Louis-Isaac Lemaistre de Sacy , a priest of Port-Royal, was a theologian and French humanist. He is best known for his translation of the Bible, the most widespread French Bible in the 18th century, also known as the Bible de Port-Royal.
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Georg Kükenthal
1864 - 1955 (91 years)
Georg Kükenthal was a German pastor and botanist who specialized in the field of caricology. He was the brother of zoologist Willy Kükenthal . From 1882 to 1885 he studied theology at the universities of Tübingen and Halle. He worked as a pastor in Grub am Forst, and later in Coburg. In 1913 he received an honorary degree from the University of Breslau.
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Charles Frederick Schaeffer
1807 - 1879 (72 years)
Charles Frederick Schaeffer was a Lutheran clergyman of the United States. Biography His parents were Frederick David Schaeffer and Rosina Rosenmiller. His father was a Lutheran clergyman, as were his brothers David Frederick, Frederick Christian, and Frederick Solomon, and his nephew Charles William. He was educated in the University of Pennsylvania, and studied theology under the direction of his father and Charles Rudolph Demme.
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Ulrich of Augsburg
890 - 973 (83 years)
Ulrich of Augsburg , sometimes spelled Uodalric or Odalrici, was Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg in Germany. He was the first saint to be canonized not by a local authority but by the Pope. Life Early years Much of the information concerning Ulrich is derived from the Life of St Ulrich written by Gerhard of Augsburg sometime between 982 and 993. Ulrich was born in 890 at Kyburg, Zurich in present-day Switzerland. He was the son of Hupald, Count of Dillingen and Dietpirch of Swabia . His maternal grandfather was Adalbert II the Illustrious, Count of Thurgau. His family was connected with the dukes of Alamannia and the Ottonian dynasty.
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Michael Kelly
1850 - 1940 (90 years)
Michael Kelly was an Irish-born Roman Catholic bishop who became the fourth Archbishop of Sydney. Early life Born at Waterford, Ireland, to James Kelly, a master mariner, and Mary née Grant, Kelly was educated at Christian Brothers’, Enniscorthy and the Classical Academy, New Ross.
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Jonathan Friedrich Bahnmaier
1774 - 1841 (67 years)
Jonathan Friedrich Bahnmaier was a German Protestant theologian, university professor, and hymnwriter. Life Jonathan Friedrich Bahnmaier was born on 12 July 1774, at Oberstenfeld, near Marbach, in Wurtemberg, where his father was minister. He studied theology at Tubingen, and assisted his father in his ministry until his death, in 1803.
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Pierre Caroli
1480 - 1546 (66 years)
Pierre Caroli was a French refugee and religious figure. He was a Doctor of theology of the University of Paris, and he was receptive to the ideas of the Protestant Reformation. However, he entered into open confrontation with John Calvin, the central figure of French Protestantism. In a theological dispute, Caroli accused Calvin and Guillaume Farel of Arianism and Sabellianism.
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Henry Holden
1596 - 1662 (66 years)
Henry Holden was an English Roman Catholic priest, known as a theologian. Life Henry Holden was the second son of Commodore Holden, of Chaigley, Lancashire, and Shelby Eleanor, his wife. He entered the English College at Douai under the name of Johnson, 18 September 1618. There he studied till 15 July 1623, when he proceeded to Paris, took his degree as Doctor of Divinity, and was made a professor at the Sorbonne. He also became penitentiary at Saint-Nicolas du Chardonnet and one of the grand vicars of the Archbishop of Paris.
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Walter of Châtillon
1135 - 1201 (66 years)
Walter of Châtillon was a 12th-century French writer and theologian who wrote in the Latin language. He studied under Stephen of Beauvais and at the University of Paris. It was probably during his student years that he wrote a number of Latin poems in the Goliardic manner that found their way into the Carmina Burana collection. During his lifetime, however, he was more esteemed for a long Latin epic on the life of Alexander the Great, the Alexandreis, sive Gesta Alexandri Magni, a hexameter epic, full of anachronisms; he depicts the Crucifixion of Jesus as having already taken place during the days of Alexander the Great.
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Arthur McGill
1926 - 1980 (54 years)
Arthur Chute McGill was a Canadian-born American theologian and philosopher. Biography Born in Wolfville, Nova Scotia, on August 7, 1926, McGill moved to Brookline, Massachusetts, later that year where he attended Rivers Country Day School, still extant today. He is mentioned in The Lustre of Our Country The American Experience of Religious Freedom, by prominent Senior Circuit Judge John T. Noonan Jr. The two men prayed and sung Protestant hymns together at the school, and Noonan refers to him as a boyhood rival: "... my River's classmate, Arthur Chute McGill, who later became a professor at Harvard Divinity School.
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Walter Matthews
1881 - 1973 (92 years)
Walter Robert Matthews was an Anglican priest, theologian, and philosopher. Early life and education Born on 22 September 1881 in Camberwell, London, to parents Philip Walter Matthews, a banker, and Sophia Alice Self, he was educated at Wilson's School and trained for the priesthood at King's College London.
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Denis Bérardier
1735 - 1794 (59 years)
Denis Bérardier was a French priest and theologian. He was born at Quimper, in Brittany 26 March 1735 and died at Paris 1 May 1794. He was one of the deputies from the Paris clergy to the Estates-General of 1789.
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Alfonso de Castro
1494 - 1558 (64 years)
Alfonso de Castro, O.F.M., known also as Alphonsus à Castro, was a Franciscan theologian and jurist. He belongs to the group of theologian-jurists known as the School of Salamanca , though he denied belonging to a specific school of thought and condemned many theologians who did. He was most well-known in the sixteenth century for his work Adversus omnes haereses, libri XIV, an encyclopedic treatise on ancient and modern heresies.
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Bernard Jungmann
1833 - 1895 (62 years)
Bernard Jungmann was a German Catholic dogmatic theologian and ecclesiastical historian. Biography He was born at Münster in Westphalia on 1 March 1833; died at Leuven , 12 January 1895. He belonged to an intensely Catholic family of Westphalia; like him, two of his brothers entered the Catholic clergy, one joining the Society of Jesus and the other becoming a missionary in the United States. After finishing his studies with brilliant success at the public schools of his native town, he entered the German College at Rome through the mediation of the bishop's secretary, afterwards Cardinal Melchers, and made his philosophical and theological studies in the Gregorian College.
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Samuel Eyles Pierce
1746 - 1829 (83 years)
The Rev. Samuel Eyles Pierce was an English preacher, theologian, and Calvinist divine. A Dissenter from the Honiton area, Pierce was an evangelical church minister aligned with Calvinist Baptist theology. He wrote more than fifty books and many sermons.
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Rodrigo de Arriaga
1592 - 1667 (75 years)
Rodrigo de Arriaga was a Spanish philosopher, theologian and Jesuit. He is known as one of the foremost Spanish Jesuits of his day and as a leading representative of post-Suárezian baroque Jesuit nominalism. Accordig to Richard Popkin, Arriaga was “the last of the great Spanish Scholastics”.
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Robert Charles
1855 - 1931 (76 years)
Robert Henry Charles, was an Irish Anglican theologian, biblical scholar, professor, and translator from Northern Ireland. He is known particularly for his English translations of numerous apocryphal and pseudepigraphal Ancient Hebrew writings, including the Book of Jubilees , the Apocalypse of Baruch , the Ascension of Isaiah , the Book of Enoch , and the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs , which have been widely used. He wrote the articles in the eleventh edition of Encyclopædia Britannica attributed to the initials "R. H. C."
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Thomas Stapleton
1535 - 1598 (63 years)
Thomas Stapleton was an English Catholic priest and controversialist. Life He was the son of William Stapleton, one of the Stapletons of Carlton, Yorkshire. He was educated at the Free School, Canterbury, at Winchester College, and at New College, Oxford, where he became a Fellow, 18 January 1553. On Elizabeth I's accession he left England rather than conform to the new religion, going first to Leuven, and afterwards to Paris, to study theology.
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Eduard Emil Koch
1809 - 1871 (62 years)
Eduard Emil Koch was a German pastor and hymnologist. Life Koch was born at Solitude Palace, the son of the staff doctor Friedrich Koch and his wife Margarethe Koch, née Sigrist. He completed the Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium and then the seminary in Urach in Stuttgart, before he went to Tübingen from 1826 to 1830 where he studied theology. During that period, he became a member of the in 1826. He was regarded as one of the most active and quickest members of his fraternity and was therefore imprisoned several times at .
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Alphons Bellesheim
1839 - 1912 (73 years)
Christian Peter "Alphons" Maria Joseph Bellesheim was a church historian. He also reviewed and collected books. Family Alphons was the son of Heinrich "Wilhelm" Ludwig Joseph Bellesheim and Maria Anna "Margaretha" Dumesnil . His parents were married on 27 June 1838 in Monschau, Germany. Alphons' paternal grandparents were Carl Anton Bellesheim and Maria Josepha Helena Hennekes. His maternal grandparents were Carl Dumesnil and Christina Windhagen.
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Aage Skavlan
1847 - 1920 (73 years)
Aage Gerhard Skavlan was a Norwegian historian. He was born in Herøy as a son of dean Aage Schavland and his wife Gerhardine Pauline Bergh . He was a great-grandnephew of vicar Jacob Schavland, nephew of vicar Gerhard B. Bergh and a brother of Sigvald Skavlan, Einar Skavlan, Sr., Olaf Skavlan and Harald Skavlan.
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Henry Martyn Clark
1857 - 1916 (59 years)
Henry Martyn-Clark was an Afghan-born adopted British medical missionary stationed in Amritsar in the late 19th century. Biography Clark was born to Afghan parents, and was adopted after his mother's death by Elizabeth and Rev. Robert Clark in 1859. It is thought that he was named Henry Martyn after the Anglican missionary to Persia and India. Clark was educated at the University of Edinburgh and received his MD in 1892. In 1881 he was accepted by the Church Missionary Society to start the Amritsar Medical Mission as a Medical Missionary. He left for Amritsar to join his father on 4 February 1882.
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Matthias Hafenreffer
1561 - 1619 (58 years)
Matthias Hafenreffer was a German orthodox Lutheran theologian in the Lutheran scholastic tradition. Born at Lorch , Hafenreffer was professor at Tübingen from 1592 until his death in 1617. He was a motivating teacher with a charismatic influence upon his students. He combined strict faithfulness to the Book of Concord with a peaceful disposition. Among those who enjoyed his instruction and correspondence was the astronomer Johannes Kepler. His chief work was his system of doctrine under the title Loci Theologici . He died in Tübingen, aged 58.
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Edward Nason West
1909 - 1990 (81 years)
Edward Nason West was an Episcopal priest and fixture at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City where he served for many years as canon sacrist and sub dean. He was also a theologian, an author, an internationally known iconographer and an expert in the design of church furnishings. He was the inspiration for Canon Tallis in Madeleine L'Engle's young adult novels and was Madeleine's spiritual mentor. He was a graduate of Boston University and the General Theological Seminary of the Episcopal Church. He was an Officer of the Order of the British Empire; an Officer of the Order o...
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John Lovejoy Abbot
1783 - 1814 (31 years)
John Lovejoy Abbot was an American clergyman and librarian. John Lovejoy Abbot was born in Andover on November 29, 1783. His father, after whom he was named, was a farmer. Abbot prepared for college at the Academy in his native town and graduated from Harvard College in 1805. He studied theology in Andover under Dr. Ware. For a year he held the office of reader in the Cambridge Episcopal church, and the next year he occasionally preached in neighboring pulpits.
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Albert Elijah Dunning
1844 - 1923 (79 years)
Albert Elijah Dunning was an American Congregationalist theologian. Biography He was born in Brookfield, Connecticut and attended the Fort Edward Institute . He graduated from Bryant & Stratton College and Yale University , where he was Phi Beta Kappa and a member of Skull and Bones. Additionally, he graduated from Andover Theological Seminary , and Beloit College with a DD. He was pastor of the Highland Congregational Church in Roxbury, Boston . He was editor of The Congregationalist and Pilgrim Teacher . He was author of Bible Studies ; Congregationalists in America ; and The Making of...
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Thomas Laurence
1598 - 1657 (59 years)
Thomas Laurence was an English churchman and academic, Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity and expelled Master of Balliol College, Oxford. Life He was born in Dorset, the son of a clergyman. He obtained a scholarship at Balliol College, Oxford, in 1614, when only sixteen, and matriculated 11 May 1615. Before 1618 he was elected a fellow of All Souls' College, and graduated B.A. on 9 June 1618, M.A. on 16 May 1621, B.D. 1629, and D.D. 1633. He incorporated M.A. at Cambridge in 1627. On 31 January 1629 he was made treasurer of Lichfield Cathedral, and held the post of private chaplain to Willia...
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Leopold Witte
1836 - 1921 (85 years)
Leopold Witte was a German Protestant theologian and educator. He was the son of Dante scholar Karl Witte . From 1853 to 1857 he studied Protestant theology at the universities of Halle and Heidelberg, and afterwards worked as a tutor at the Prussian Embassy in Rome. In 1861 he was ordained as a minister in Berlin, and he subsequently served as a pastor in the town of Cöthen, near Eberswalde. From 1873 to 1879 he lived in the United States, and following his return to Germany, served as a professor and superintendent at Schulpforta . In 1888 he received an honorary doctorate in theology from ...
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Jean Courtecuisse
1350 - 1423 (73 years)
Jean Courtecuisse was a French bishop and theologian, who was elected bishop of Paris and bishop of Geneva. Life He received a doctorate in theology and taught it in Paris. He was king's almoner from 1408 onwards and served as chancellor in Jean de Gerson's absence. In 1409 he became a canon of Notre Dame Cathedral. He was elected bishop of Paris in 1420 but was forced to leave the bishopric and hide at abbaye de Saint-Germain-des-Prés after displeasing Henry V of England, then master of the city. In 1422-23 he was transferred to the bishopric of Geneva, which he held until his death.
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Sisto Fabri
1540 - 1594 (54 years)
Sisto Fabri was a theologian and canon lawyer of the Dominican Order who was appointed Master of the Sacred Palace by Pope Gregory XIII serving from 1580 to 1583, and Master of the Order of Preachers from 1583 to 1589.
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Giovanni Devoti
1744 - 1820 (76 years)
Giovanni Devoti was an Italian canon lawyer and bishop. Life At the age of twenty he occupied a chair of canon law at the Sapienza University of Rome. After twenty-five years service in this position Pope Pius VI appointed him Bishop of Anagni.
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Antonino Diana
1585 - 1663 (78 years)
Antonino Diana was a Catholic moral theologian. Biography Diana was born of a noble family at Palermo, Sicily. A famous casuist, he was a consultor of the Holy Office of the Kingdom of Sicily and an examiner of bishops under Urban VIII, Innocent X, and Alexander VII.
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Jean Chapeauville
1551 - 1617 (66 years)
Jean Chapeauville was a theologian, historian and vicar general in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège. Life Born in Liège, capital of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège, Chapeauville made his philosophical studies at the University of Cologne and University of Louvain, and at the latter received the degree of Licentiate of Theology. He then entered the priesthood, and in 1578 was appointed one of the synodal examiners for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Liège, and in 1579 parish priest of St. Michael's in Liège. He performed the functions of the latter office for about ten years.
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George Smith
1815 - 1871 (56 years)
George Smith was a missionary in China and the Bishop of Victoria from 1849 to 1865, the first of this newly established diocese. Life Smith was born in Wellington, Somerset on 19 June 1815. He obtained a Bachelor of Arts in classics from Magdalen Hall, Oxford in 1837 and was ordained in the Church of England. He was made deacon on 20 October 1839 by George Davys, Bishop of Peterborough and ordained priest in July 1840 by Charles Longley, Bishop of Ripon. He rapidly became involved in the Church Missionary Society and he and fellow priest Thomas McClatchie arrived in Shanghai on 25 September 1844 to establish a mission.
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Andrea dei Conti
1240 - 1302 (62 years)
Andrea dei Conti was an Italian Franciscan who was born as a member of the noble house of Conti di Segni. The priest was best known for his humble life of solitude in which he was subjected to demonic visions and attacks though his faith in God saw him emerge time and time again as the victor. He lived his life in a small grotto in the Apennines.
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Gregorij Rožman
1883 - 1959 (76 years)
Gregorij Rožman was a Slovenian Roman Catholic prelate. Between 1930 and 1959, he served as bishop of the Diocese of Ljubljana. He may be best-remembered for his controversial role during World War II. Rožman was an ardent anti-communist and opposed the Liberation Front of the Slovene People and the Partisan forces because they were led by the Communist party. He established relations with both the fascist and Nazi occupying powers, issued proclamations of support for the occupying authorities, and supported armed collaborationist forces organized by the fascist and Nazi occupiers. The Yugosl...
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