The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
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List of the most influential people in Theology,
#2051
James Relly
1722 - 1778 (56 years)
James Relly was a Welshman, Methodist minister and mentor of John Murray who spread Universalism in the United States. Biography Relly was born at Jeffreyston, Pembrokeshire, Wales. He attended the Pembroke Grammar School, came under the influence of George Whitefield, probably in the latter's first tour of Wales in 1741, and became one of his preachers. His first station was at Rhyddlangwraig near Narberth; and in 1747 he made a report of a missionary tour to Bristol, Bath, Gloucestershire, and Birmingham. He broke, however, with Whitefield on doctrinal grounds - his views on the certainty o...
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Thomas Morton Harper
1821 - 1893 (72 years)
Thomas Morton Harper was an English Jesuit priest, philosopher, theologian and preacher. Born in London of Anglican parents, his father being a merchant of good means in the city, he was educated first at St Paul's School ; then at Queen's College, Oxford. Having taken his B.A. degree, he subsequently received orders in the Anglican Church, in which he worked for five years as a curate. His first mission was in Barnstaple in Devon. Here he manifested High Church proclivities and took a vigorous part in ecclesiastical controversies in the local press. Getting into collision with his bishop on ...
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Gottlieb Mohnike
1781 - 1841 (60 years)
Gottlieb Christian Friedrich Mohnike was a German pastor and philologist who was a native of Grimmen. He was the father of physician Otto Gottlieb Mohnike . He studied theology at the Universities of Greifswald and Jena, afterwards spending several years as a private instructor on the island of Rügen. In 1813 he became pastor at St. Jakobi Church in Stralsund, and in 1824 was awarded an honorary doctorate of theology from the University of Greifswald.
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Andreas Rinkel
1889 - 1979 (90 years)
Andreas Rinkel was a Dutch priest who served as the nineteenth Archbishop of Utrecht from 1937 to 1970. Early ministry Before serving as Archbishop of Utrecht, Rinkel served as a parish priest in Amersfoort, Holland, and as a professor at the seminary there. He was part of the Old Catholic commission that worked toward the reconciliation of the Old Catholic Church with the Anglican Church.
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Salomon Deyling
1677 - 1755 (78 years)
Salomon Deyling was a Lutheran theologian, born on 14 September 1677, at Weida, in Thuringia. He studied at the University of Wittenberg, where he received his magister degree in 1699. In 1703 he became adjunct in the faculty of philosophy, and in 1710 a doctor of theology. In 1716 he was made general superintendent at Eisleben, and moved to take up the pastorate of the Nicolaikirche at Leipzig in 1720. He served as a full professor of theology at the University of Leipzig from 1722 up until his death. He died on 5 August 1755.
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Nicholas Timothy Clerk
1862 - 1961 (99 years)
Nicholas Timothy Clerk was a Protestant theologian, clergyman and pioneering missionary of the Basel Evangelical Missionary Society in southeast colonial Ghana. His father was the Jamaican Moravian missionary Alexander Worthy Clerk , who worked extensively on the Gold Coast with the Basel Mission and co-founded in 1843 the Salem School, a Presbyterian boarding middle school for boys. Born on the Gold Coast, N. T. Clerk was elected the first Synod Clerk of the Presbyterian Church of the Gold Coast, in effect, the chief ecclesiastical officer, equivalent to the chief administrator and overall strategy lead of the national church organisation, a position he held from 1918 to 1932.
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Klaus Bockmuehl
1931 - 1989 (58 years)
Klaus Erich Bockmuehl was a Professor of Systematic Theology and Ethics at Regent College, Vancouver. Biography Bockmuehl was born on May 6, 1931, in Essen, Germany, to Erich Enil Bockmuehl and Johanna Karoline Ihlo. He was spiritually shaped by the teaching of Wilhelm Busch , the German pietist pastor of Weigle House, and was inspired about the importance of Christian mission through an encounter with Toyohiko Kagawa, when Kagawa was visiting Weigle House in 1950. He later pursued theological and philosophical studies, completing a DTheol at the University of Basel in 1959. During this time...
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Allan Menzies
1845 - 1916 (71 years)
Allan Menzies was a Scottish minister remembered as a religious author and translator. He was fluent in English and German. Life Menzies was born on 23 January 1845 in Edinburgh the third son of Helen , grand-daughter of Alexander Cowan and Allan Menzies , Professor of Conveyancing at the University of Edinburgh. The family lived in a luxurious Georgian townhouse at 32 Queen Street.
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Joaquín Sáenz y Arriaga
1899 - 1976 (77 years)
Joaquín Sáenz y Arriaga was a Mexican Catholic priest and theologian. Jesuit from 1916 to 1952 he was later a harsh critic of the Second Vatican Council decisions and of the post-conciliar Pope Paul VI. In 1972, he was declared excommunicated by the Roman Catholic bishops' conference of Mexico. He is considered to be one of the first promoters of sedevacantism.
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Benedictus Aretius
1522 - 1574 (52 years)
Benedictus Aretius was a Swiss Protestant theologian, Protestant reformer and natural philosopher. Life He was born at Bätterkinden, in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. He studied at Strasbourg and at Marburg, where he became professor of logic. He was called to Bern as a school-teacher, 1548, and became professor of theology, 1564.
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John Sherren Brewer
1810 - 1879 (69 years)
John Sherren Brewer, Jr. was an English clergyman, historian and scholar. He was a brother of E. Cobham Brewer, compiler of Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable. Birth and education Brewer was born in Norwich, the son of a Baptist schoolmaster. He matriculated at Queen's College, Oxford in 1827, graduating B.A. in 1833, M.A. 1835. He was ordained in the Church of England in 1837, and became chaplain to a central London workhouse. In 1839 he was appointed lecturer in classical literature at King's College London, and in 1858 he became professor of English language and literature and lecturer in modern history, succeeding FD Maurice.
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Bryan Joseph McEntegart
1893 - 1968 (75 years)
Bryan Joseph McEntegart was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Ogdensburg in Northern New York , rector of the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. , and as bishop of the Diocese of Brooklyn in New York City .
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Arthur McGill
1926 - 1980 (54 years)
Arthur Chute McGill was a Canadian-born American theologian and philosopher. Biography Born in Wolfville, Nova Scotia, on August 7, 1926, McGill moved to Brookline, Massachusetts, later that year where he attended Rivers Country Day School, still extant today. He is mentioned in The Lustre of Our Country The American Experience of Religious Freedom, by prominent Senior Circuit Judge John T. Noonan Jr. The two men prayed and sung Protestant hymns together at the school, and Noonan refers to him as a boyhood rival: "... my River's classmate, Arthur Chute McGill, who later became a professor at Harvard Divinity School.
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Francisco de Araujo
1580 - 1664 (84 years)
Francisco de Araujo was a Spanish Catholic theologian. He was born at Verin, Galicia, Spain. In 1601, he entered the Dominican Order at Salamanca. He taught theology in the convent of St. Paul at Burgos, and in the latter year was made assistant to Peter of Herrera, the principal professor of theology at Salamanca. Six years later he succeeded to the chair, and held it until 1648, when he was appointed Bishop of Segovia. In 1656 he resigned his Episcopal see, and retired to the convent of his order at Madrid, where he died.
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Johann Michael Heineccius
1674 - 1722 (48 years)
Johann Michael Heineccius was a well-known German preacher and theologian, the brother of Johann Gottlieb Heineccius. He was born in Eisenberg, Thuringia. He was made pastor at the Liebfrauenkirche in Halle, where his role was to supervise the music at the local church and write cantata texts.
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Michele Bonelli
1541 - 1598 (57 years)
Carlo Michele Bonelli, Cardinal Alessandrino was an Italian senior papal diplomat with a distinguished career that spanned two decades from 1571. Biography Born in Bosco Marengo, he was the son of Marco Bonelli, inscribed as a noble of Alessandria in Piedmont, 1566, and of Dominina de' Gibertis, niece of Pope Pius V. He was the great-uncle of Cardinal Carlo Bonelli .
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Christopher Wittich
1625 - 1687 (62 years)
Christoph Wittich or Christophorus Wittichius was a Dutch theologian. He is known for attempting to reconcile Descartes' philosophy with the Scriptures. Life He studied theology in Bremen, Groningen and Leiden, and taught theology, mathematics, and Hebrew at Herborn , Duisburg , Nijmegen and Leiden . Starting from his 1653 publication Dissertationes Duæ he defended a non-literal interpretation of the Bible texts that were quoted by Voetius to prove the unscriptural nature of Descartes' Copernican beliefs, and tried to reconcile philosophy and theology.
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Albert Pighius
1490 - 1542 (52 years)
Albert Pighius was a Dutch Roman Catholic theologian, mathematician, and astronomer. Life He studied philosophy and began the study of theology at the Catholic University of Leuven, where Adrian of Utrecht, later Pope Adrian VI, was one of his teachers. Pighius completed his studies at Cologne, but it is not clear whether he received the degree of Doctor of Theology. When his teacher Adrian became pope, he went to Rome, where he also remained during the reigns of Pope Clement VII and Pope Paul III, and was repeatedly employed in ecclesiastical-political embassies. He had taught mathematics to Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, afterward Paul III.
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Manuel Lacunza
1731 - 1801 (70 years)
Manuel De Lacunza, S.J. was a Jesuit priest who used the pseudonym Juan Josafat Ben-Ezra in his main work on the interpretation of the prophecies of the Bible, which was entitled The Coming of the Messiah in Majesty and Glory.
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Henry of Oyta
1330 - 1397 (67 years)
Henry of Oyta was a German theologian and nominalist philosopher. Life He was born at Friesoythe in present-day Lower Saxony. Henry graduated M.A. at the University of Prague in 1355. He was then rector of a school in Erfurt, and returned to Prague in 1366. In the course of a long-running dispute, Adalbert Ranconis accused him of heresy in 1369–70. He began teaching at the University of Paris in 1377. For reasons connected with the Western Schism, he left Paris in 1381; he then taught at Prague, 1381 to 1381, lecturing there on the Psalms and Gospel of John. He was at the University of Vien...
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John Hunt
1827 - 1907 (80 years)
John Hunt, D.D. was a Scottish cleric, theologian and historian. He was known for his liberal views, and his work Religious Thought in England. Life He was born in the Bridgend parish of Kinnoull, Perth, Scotland, and matriculated at University of St Andrews in 1847. He was ordained deacon in the Church of England in 1855, and priest 1857.
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John Cameron
1579 - 1625 (46 years)
John Cameron was a Scottish theologian. Life and academic career Cameron was born in the Saltmarket district of Glasgow the son of Thomas Cameron and received his early education in his native city. He entered Glasgow University in 1595 and graduated MA in 1599.
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David Chytraeus
1531 - 1600 (69 years)
David Chytraeus or Chyträus was a German Lutheran theologian, reformer and historian. He was a disciple of Melancthon. He was born at Ingelfingen. His real surname was Kochhafe, which in Classical Greek is χύτρα, from where he derived the Latinized pseudonym "Chyträus".
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Nelle Morton
1905 - 1987 (82 years)
Nelle Katherine Morton was an American theologian, professor, feminist activist, and civil rights leader. She taught Christian Education for fourteen years at Drew University, during which time she became passionate about improving the position of women within the Christian faith. She wrote prolifically on religion, spirituality, feminism, intersectionality, and language. In 1985, she published an anthology of essays titled The Journey Is Home.
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Gottfried Ephraim Scheibel
1696 - 1759 (63 years)
Gottfried Ephraim Scheibel was a German theologian and writer about music. Scheibel studied theology in Leipzig and from 1736 taught at the Elizabeth-Gymnasium in his home town of Breslau. Scheibel's most famous treatise, Zufällige Gedancken von der Kirchenmusic , was published in 1721. It presents a strong defense of the role of music in the Lutheran Church service, in particular music derived from opera. By way of example, he demonstrates the use of the parody technique—replacing secular texts with sacred ones, while keeping the music the same—using the music of Georg Philipp Telemann.
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Ludwig Joseph Uhland
1722 - 1803 (81 years)
Ludwig Joseph Uhland was a German doctor and professor of theology. Life Ludwig Joseph Uhland was born at Tübingen on 15 May 1722, where he also died on 15 December 1803. Works De Hist. Restaurati post Diluv. Orbis ab Exitu Noæ ex Arcausque ad Dispeisionen Gentiuns ;De Ordine Vaticiniorum, quæ in Sedecim Prophet. Scripta Extant, Chrionologico ;Annotationes ad Loca quædam Amosi, Imprim. Historica ;Annotationes in Hoseæ Cap. iii ;Cap. v, vi, 1–3 ;Cap. vi, 4–11; vii, 1–6 ;Cap. viii ;Cap. ix ;Dissertatio Exegetica in Hagg. ii, 1–9 .
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Edward Patrick Allen
1853 - 1926 (73 years)
Edward Patrick Allen was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Bishop of Mobile from 1897 until his death in 1926. Biography Edward Allen was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, to John and Mary Allen. His parents were both natives of King's County, Ireland. He received his early education in the public schoolss of his native city, and attended Lowell Commercial College before entering Mount St. Mary's Seminary in Emmitsburg, Maryland. He earned a Master of Arts degree with honors in 1878, and remained at Mount St. Mary's for his theological studies. On December 17, 1881, he was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Thomas A.
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Simon Patrick
1626 - 1707 (81 years)
Simon Patrick was an English theologian and bishop. Life He was born at Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, eldest son of Henry Patrick, a wealthy merchant, on 8 September 1626, and attended Boston Grammar School. He entered Queens' College, Cambridge, in 1644, and after taking orders in 1651 became successively chaplain to Sir Walter St. John and vicar of Battersea, Surrey. He was afterwards preferred to the rectory of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, London, where he continued to labour during the plague.
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Clarence Beckwith
1849 - 1931 (82 years)
Clarence Augustine Beckwith was an American theologian and writer. He was a teacher at the United Church of Christ's Chicago Theological Seminary from 1905. He lived at Little Deer Isle, Maine. Beckwith's best known work was The Idea of God, published in 1922. It was positively reviewed by Douglas Clyde Macintosh.
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Martinus von Biberach
1500 - 1498 (-2 years)
Magister Martinus von Biberach was a theologian from Heilbronn, Germany. He is mostly remembered because of a priamel that has allegedly been his epitaph. Epitaph Reception While the attribution of the poem to Biberach is controversial, it has been cited and modified widely. Martin Luther in particular took issue with it, offering a contrary version in a sermon on John 8:46-59 for Judica Sunday: Ich lebe, so lang Gott will, / ich sterbe, wann und wie Gott will, / ich fahr und weiß gewiß, wohin, / mich wundert, daß ich traurig bin!
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János Sylvester
1504 - 1552 (48 years)
János Sylvester sometimes known as János Erdősi was a 16th-century Hungarian figure of the Reformation, and also a poet and grammarian, who was the first to translate the New Testament into Hungarian in 1541.
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Richard Otto Zöpffel
1843 - 1891 (48 years)
Richard Otto Zöpffel was a Baltic German church historian and theologian born in Arensburg, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire . He studied theology at the University of Dorpat, and history at the University of Göttingen under Georg Waitz . In 1871 he published Die Papstwahlen und mit ihnen im nächsten Zusammenhange stehenden Ceremonien in ihrer Entwickelung vom 11. bis zum 14. Jahrhundert , and based on this work, received his doctorate in Göttingen. Shortly afterwards, he was appointed associate professor of church history at the University of Strasbourg, becoming a full professor in 1877.
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David Miall Edwards
1873 - 1941 (68 years)
David Miall Edwards was a Welsh Non-conformist writer and theologian who wrote in both Welsh and English. Edwards was born in Llanfyllin, Montgomeryshire in 1873. He was educated at Bala-Bangor Theological Seminary and Mansfield College, Oxford. After a period as a minister, he became a teacher of theology at Brecon Congregational Memorial College, Aberhonndu , where he remained until his retirement in 1934. He died in Brecon on 29 January 1941.
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Pierre Charron
1541 - 1603 (62 years)
Pierre Charron , French Catholic theologian and major contributor to the new thought of the 17th century. He is remembered for his controversial form of skepticism and his separation of ethics from religion as an independent philosophical discipline.
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Hermann Daniel Hermes
1734 - 1807 (73 years)
Hermann Daniel Hermes was a Prussian protestant theologian. Towards the end of his life he became caught up in the campaign for a return to religious orthodoxy pursued by the Rosicrucian politician Johann Christoph von Wöllner, being employed as an "inquisitor" in 1794 in Halle, and elsewhere.
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Thomas Wentworth Pym
1885 - 1945 (60 years)
Revd Canon Thomas Wentworth Pym DSO was a prominent Church of England clergyman, theologian, and a Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. Biography The son of Rt Revd Walter Ruthven Pym, Bishop of Bombay, Thomas Wentworth Pym was born on 10 August 1885. He was educated at Bedford School, between 1895 and 1904, and at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was appointed as Chaplain. He served during the First World War, between 1914 and 1918, as Assistant Chaplain-General to the Third Army. He was appointed as an Honorary Chaplain to King George V in 1922, as a Canon of Southwark Cathedral in 1925, ...
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John Baconthorpe
1290 - 1347 (57 years)
John Baconthorpe, OCarm was a learned English Carmelite friar and scholastic philosopher. Life John Baconthorpe was born at Baconsthorpe, Norfolk, he seems to have been the grandnephew of Roger Bacon . In youth, he joined the Carmelite Order, becoming a friar at Blakeney, near Walsingham. He studied at Oxford and Paris. He became regent master of the theology faculty at Paris by 1323. He is believed to have taught theology at Cambridge and Oxford. Eventually, he became known as doctor resolutus, though the implication of this is unclear.
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John Albert Broadus
1827 - 1895 (68 years)
John Albert Broadus was an American Baptist pastor and President of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. Early life Born in 1827 in Culpeper County, Virginia, Broadus was educated at home and at a private school. He taught in a small school before completing his undergraduate studies at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia.
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Edward Payson Terhune
1830 - 1907 (77 years)
Edward Payson Terhune was an American theologian and author. He was born on November 22, 1830, in New Brunswick, New Jersey. He graduated from Rutgers University in 1850. He then studied theology at the New Brunswick Theological Seminary. In 1854 he was ordained to the ministry of the Presbyterian church in Virginia, becoming pastor of the congregation at Charlotte Court-House, Virginia.
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Daniel Whitby
1638 - 1726 (88 years)
Daniel Whitby was a controversial English theologian and biblical commentator. An Arminian priest in the Church of England, Whitby was known as strongly anti-Calvinistic and later gave evidence of Unitarian tendencies.
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Karl Zimmermann
1803 - 1877 (74 years)
Justus Joseph Georg Friedrich Karl Zimmermann was a German Protestant theologian. His older brother, Ernst Zimmermann , was also a theologian. Born in the Hessian city of Darmstadt, He studied philology and theology at the universities of Giessen and Heidelberg, and for several years worked as a teacher in various schools. In 1835 he was named second court chaplain in Darmstadt, then obtained the title of first court chaplain in 1842. From 1847 onward, he served as a member of the consistory, a prelate and ecclesiastical superintendent at the Schlosskirche in Darmstadt.
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Adriaan de Buck
1892 - 1959 (67 years)
Adriaan de Buck was an eminent Dutch Egyptologist. From 1939 he was Professor of Egyptology at Leiden University. Life and work De Buck read theology in Leiden with Pierre Daniel Chantepie de la Saussaye and William Brede Kristensen. He studied several Semitic languages , and specialized in ancient Egyptian which he first read with Pieter Boeser. He then continued his studies in Egyptology in Göttingen and Berlin with Adolf Erman and Kurt Sethe.
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Georg Major
1502 - 1574 (72 years)
Georg Major was a Lutheran theologian of the Protestant Reformation. Life Major was born in Nuremberg in 1502. At the age of nine he was sent to Wittenberg, and in 1521 he entered the university there. He was a student of Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon, the latter being a particular influence. When Cruciger returned to Wittenberg in 1529, Major was appointed rector of the Johannisschule in Magdeburg, but in 1537 he became court preacher at Wittenberg and was ordained by Martin Luther. He began to lecture on theology in 1541.
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Philippus Jacobus Hoedemaker
1839 - 1910 (71 years)
Philippus Jacobus Hoedemaker was a Dutch minister and professor. He was a leading figure in the tumultuous late-19th to early-20th century Dutch politico-ecclesiastical landscape. Early life Born in 1839 into a Separated Reformed church family – although his subsequent career would be conducted within the "Hervormd" national church – Hoedemaker spent his teen and early-college-age years in the United States, where his family moved in 1852. He studied theology for three years at the Congregationalist College in Chicago , during which time he supported himself by preaching, for which, it was a...
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Edward Garbett
1817 - 1887 (70 years)
Edward Garbett , was a religious figure and writer of the 19th century. Garbett was born in Hereford on 10 December 1817, the sixth son of the Reverend James Garbett , custos rotulorum and prebendary of Hereford Cathedral. He was educated at Hereford Cathedral School, and then Brasenose College, Oxford. He obtained a B.A. in 1841 and M.A. in 1847.
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William Reed Huntington
1838 - 1909 (71 years)
William Reed Huntington was an American Episcopal priest and author, and known as the "First Presbyter of the Episcopal Church." Life Huntington was born September 20, 1838, in Lowell, Massachusetts. He was the son of Elisha Huntington and Hannah Hinckley. He was also descendant of Christopher Huntington, one of the founders of Norwich, Connecticut He began his education at Norwich University at Alden Partridge's military college in Norwich, Vermont, and eventually transferred and graduated from Harvard College in 1859 and in 1859–1860 taught as Assistant in Chemistry to Professor Josiah Parsons Cooke.
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Frederick Christian Schaeffer
1792 - 1832 (40 years)
Frederick Christian Schaeffer was a Lutheran clergyman of the United States. Biography His parents were Frederick David Schaeffer and Rosina Rosenmiller. His father was a Lutheran clergyman, as were his brothers David Frederick, Charles Frederick, and Frederick Solomon, and his nephew Charles William. He studied the classics partly at the Germantown academy and partly under his father, with whom he also read theology, and in 1812 was licensed to preach.
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Harry Van Buren Richardson
1901 - 1990 (89 years)
Harry Van Buren Richardson was a theologian, writer, and the first president of the Interdenominational Theological Center. Education Richardson began his college training from Western Reserve University where he received an A.B., and later matriculated to Harvard University where he received a S.T.B. from the Divinity School. While at Harvard, he was awarded the university's two highest honors. In 1945, Richardson received his PhD from Drew University in rural sociology and religion.
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Philipp Kneib
1870 - 1915 (45 years)
Philipp Kneib was a German Catholic theologist. Life and career Bishop Paul Leoplod Haffner ordained Kneib as a priest in 1895 in Mainz. After serving as a Chaplain in Gernsheim, St. Quintin , St. Alban, and at the Cathedral in Mainz, he got a precarium in Seligenstadt. In 1899 he became a teacher at a local secondary school, the Progymnasium Seligenstadt. Kneib started to lecture at the seminar for priests in Mainz in 1900, first about the history of the church, and later about moral theology. He qualified as professor in 1903 and became the successor of his former teacher Herman Schell as p...
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Ludwig von Gerdtell
1872 - 1954 (82 years)
Friedrich Siegfried Heinrich Ludwig von Gerdtell was a German theologian associated with the Disciples of Christ movement. Ludwig von Gerdtell was born into an aristocratic Prussian family, his father and grandfather were officers in the Potsdam Guards Regiment. He did not follow this tradition and studied law, then theology with an emphasis on New Testament Studies. From 1902 to 1908 he worked as a traveling secretary for the German Student Christian Association. In 1908/09 he received his Ph.D. from the University of Erlangen with his work on Rudolf Eucken's position on early Christianity. He came to the conclusion that the statements of the New Testament church and the state disagreed.
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