The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
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List of the most influential people in Theology,
#3351
Hans Lietzmann
1875 - 1942 (67 years)
Hans Lietzmann was a German Protestant theologian and church historian who was a native of Düsseldorf. He initially studied in Jena, then continued his education in Bonn, where he was a student of Hermann Usener. In 1905 he was appointed professor of church history at the University of Jena, and in 1923 was a successor to Adolf von Harnack at the University of Berlin. During his career he obtained an honorary doctorate from the University of Athens, and in 1927 became a member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. He died in Locarno, Switzerland on 25 June 1942.
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Giusto Fontanini
1666 - 1736 (70 years)
Giusto Fontanini was a Roman Catholic archbishop and an Italian historian. Biography A prelate and attentive bibliophile, in 1697 became a stubborn and reactionary defender of the Papal Curia. In 1708, he was a protagonist of a contentious controversy over the possession of the territory of Comacchio between the Papacy and the Este Dukes of Modena along with their protector, the Austrian Hapsburg empire. In 1597, the then Duke of Ferrara Alfonso II d'Este died without heirs. While the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II recognized as heir to Alfonso, his cousin Cesare d'Este, his dubious legitimacy led the papal states to claim the Duchy of Ferrara, including Comacchio.
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Francisco de Enzinas
1518 - 1552 (34 years)
Francisco de Enzinas , also known by the humanist name Francis Dryander , was a classical scholar, translator, author, Protestant reformer and apologist of Spanish origin. Family and education Francisco de Enzinas was born in Burgos, Spain, probably on 1 November 1518. He was one of ten children of the successful wool merchant Juan de Enzinas. The mater of his correspondence was his stepmother, Beatriz de Santa Cruz, whose family included the wealthy Low Countries merchant Jerónimo de Salamanca Santa Cruz and the churchman Alonso de Santa Cruz, treasurer of Burgos Cathedral.
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Carl Peter Wilhelm Gramberg
1797 - 1830 (33 years)
Carl Peter Wilhelm Gramberg was a German theologian and biblical scholar. Biography Gramberg attended university at Halle, where he studied Hebrew Bible and Theology under Wilhelm Gesenius and Julius Wegscheider. His major work, in addition to commentaries on Chronicles and Genesis, was the Kritische Geschichte der Religionsideen des alten Testaments, of which he published two of a projected four volumes before his death in Oldenburg at the age of thirty-three.
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Domenico Palmieri
1829 - 1909 (80 years)
Domenico Palmieri was an Italian Jesuit scholastic theologian. Life He studied in his native city, where he was ordained priest in 1852. On 6 June 1852, he entered the Society of Jesus, where he completed his studies. He taught in several places, first rhetoric, then philosophy, theology, and the Sacred Scriptures. In these courses, especially during the sixteen years that he was professor in the Roman College, he acquired a reputation as a philosopher.
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Pierre Chaillet
1900 - 1972 (72 years)
Pierre Chaillet was a French Catholic priest of the Society of Jesus , who was recognised as Righteous among the Nations by Yad Vashem for his work to protect Jews from the Nazi Holocaust. The Amitiés Chrétiennes organisation operated out of Lyon to secure hiding places for Jewish children. Among its members was the Jesuit Pierre Chaillet. The influential French theologian Henri de Lubac SJ was active in the resistance to Nazism and to antisemitism. He assisted in the publication of Témoinage chrétien with Pierre Chaillet, responding to Neo-paganism and antisemitism with clarity, describing t...
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Julius Guttmann
1880 - 1950 (70 years)
Julius Guttmann , born Yitzchak Guttmann , was a German-born rabbi, Jewish theologian, and philosopher of religion. Biography Julius was born to Jakob Guttmann while Jakob served as Chief Rabbi at Hildesheim during the years 1874 to 1892, when Hildesheim still had a large Jewish population. Jakob himself published papers on a number of philosophical topics. The family moved to Breslau in 1880.
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Reginald Heber
1783 - 1826 (43 years)
Reginald Heber was an English Anglican bishop, a man of letters, and hymn-writer. After 16 years as a country parson, he served as Bishop of Calcutta until his death at the age of 42. The son of a rich landowner and cleric, Heber gained fame at the University of Oxford as a poet. After graduation he made an extended tour of Scandinavia, Russia and Central Europe. Ordained in 1807, he took over his father's old parish, Hodnet, Shropshire. He also wrote hymns and general literature, including a study of the works of the 17th-century cleric Jeremy Taylor.
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Veit Erbermann
1597 - 1675 (78 years)
Veit Erbermann was a German theologian and controversialist. He was born at Rendweisdorff, in Bavaria, to Lutheran parents, but at an early age he became a Roman Catholic, and on 30 May 1620, entered the Society of Jesus. After completing his ecclesiastical studies he taught philosophy and Scholastic theology, first at Mainz and afterwards at Würzburg. Subsequently he was appointed rector of the pontifical seminary at Fulda, which position he held for seven years.
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Jakob Ebert
1549 - 1614 (65 years)
Jakob Ebert was a German theologian and poet. Life Born in Sprottau, Ebert was the son of . He was school director in Soldin, Schwiebus and Grünberg. From 1594 he was on the faculty of the university in Frankfurt , teaching theology.
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Hermias
Hermias was an obscure Christian apologist, presumed to have lived in 3rd century. Nothing is known of him, except his name. He wrote a Derision of gentile philosophers , a short parody on Greek philosophical themes . From Paul's statement in the First Epistle to the Corinthians that "all worldly knowledge is foolishness to God" he affirms that all philosophical doctrines come from the apostasy of the angels and therefore wrong and laughable. Hermias relies rather on cynical and skeptical culture critique and on philosophical biographies and anedoctes than in their real writings.
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Dominic Schram
1722 - 1797 (75 years)
Dominic Schram, sometimes spelled Schramm was a German Benedictine theologian and canonist. Biography He was born at Bamberg. He took vows at Banz near Bamberg in 1743, and after being ordained priest on 18 August 1748, taught at his monastery: at first mathematics , then canon law , philosophy and soon after theology. In 1782 he reluctantly accepted the position of prior in the monastery of Michelsberg at Bamberg, whence he returned to Banz in 1787, where he died ten years later.
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Gregorios Papamichael
1875 - 1956 (81 years)
Gregorios Papamichael was a theologian of the Orthodox Church of Greece and a renowned professor at the Theology School of the University of Athens . He examined diligently various cultural aspects of church life and is jointly credited, together with his close friend Archbishop Chrysostomos I of Athens , for establishing the two basic academic journals of Neohellenic theology: Theologia and Ekklesia. In addition, he was responsible for the modern rediscovery of two almost forgotten great personalities of Orthodoxy, namely Gregorios Palamas and Maximos the Greek.
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Domenico Viva
1648 - 1726 (78 years)
Domenico Viva was an Italian Jesuit theologian. Life Viva was born at Lecce, and entered the Society of Jesus 12 May 1663. He taught the humanities and Greek, nine years' philosophy, eight years moral theology, eight years' Scholastic theology, was two years prefect of studies, was rector of the College of Naples in 1711, and provincial of Naples.
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Hermann Theodor Wangemann
1818 - 1894 (76 years)
Hermann Theodor Wangemann was a German theologian and missionary. Wangemann's father, Johannes Theodosius, arrived with his family in Demmin in Pomerania around 1821, where he became a subrector and later received the title of music director. Hermann Theodor attended the town school here, followed by the Gymnasium in Berlin from 1832 to 1836. After studying theology at the University of Berlin, Wangemann first held a position as a house teacher in Bern from 1840 to 1844. During this time he was awarded a doctorate in Theology by the University of Halle. From 1845 he worked as a rector and ass...
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Pietro Maria Gazzaniga
1722 - 1799 (77 years)
Pietro Maria Gazzaniga was an Italian Dominican theologian. Life At a very early age he entered the Order of St. Dominic, and studied the various branches of ecclesiastical sciences, especially philosophy and theology. He was then, despite his youth, appointed to teach philosophy and church history, first in the various houses of his order and later at the University of Bologna.
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David Pareus
1548 - 1622 (74 years)
David Pareus was a German Reformed Protestant theologian and reformer. Life He was born at Frankenstein in Schlesien on 30 December 1548. At some point, he hellenized his original surname, Wängler , as Parēus .
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George William Alberti
1723 - 1758 (35 years)
George William Alberti was a German essayist and theologian, who spent many years in England. Biography He was born at Osterode am Harz in 1723, and studied philosophy and theology under Heumann and Oporin at Göttingen, where he graduated in 1745. He spent some years in England. He became minister of Tundern in Hanover, and died there on 3 September 1758.
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Lars Anton Anjou
1803 - 1884 (81 years)
Lars Anton Anjou was a Swedish bishop, church historian and politician. Biography Anjou studied at Uppsala University, where he became a Bachelor of Philosophy in 1827, a Master of Philosophy in 1830, a Bachelor of Theology in 1834 and a Doctor of Theology in 1845. He was ordained a priest in 1827. In 1845, Anjou was appointed professor and pastor in the parish of Helga Trefaldighet, and in the parish of Denmark in 1851. In the academic year 1851–1852, he was rector of Uppsala University and was appointed minister of education and ecclesiastical affairs on 9 March 1855 as the successor of Henrik Reuterdahl.
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Alessandro Politi
1679 - 1752 (73 years)
Alessandro Politi , was an Italian philologist. Biography Alessandro Politi was born July 10, 1679, at Florence. After studying under the Jesuits, he entered at the age of fifteen the Order of Poor Clerics Regular of the Mother of God of the Pious Schools, and was conspicuous among its members by his rare erudition. He was called upon to teach rhetoric and peripatetic philosophy at Florence in 1700. Barring a period of about three years, during which he was a professor of theology at Genoa , he spent the greatest part of his life in his native city, availing himself of the manifold resources he could find there to improve his knowledge of Greek literature, his favorite study.
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Johann Christian Friedrich Steudel
1779 - 1837 (58 years)
Johann Christian Friedrich Steudel was a German Lutheran theologian. He was a brother of botanist Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel . From 1797 he studied Protestant theology at the University of Tübingen. Beginning in 1803, he worked as a vicar in Oberesslingen, and two years later, became a tutor at Tübinger Stift. In 1808 he traveled to Paris, where he studied with Silvestre de Sacy and Carl Benedict Hase. Following his return to Germany, he served as a deacon in Cannstatt and Tübingen . In 1815 he became an associate professor of theology at the University of Tübingen, where in 1822 he gained a full professorship.
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Richard Capel
1586 - 1656 (70 years)
Richard Capel was an English nonconforming clergyman of Calvinist views, a member of the Westminster Assembly, and for a period of his life a practicing physician. Life He was born at Gloucester, the son of Christopher Capel, an alderman of the city, and his wife Grace, daughter of Richard Hands. His father was a good friend to ministers who had suffered for nonconformity. Richard was educated in Gloucester, and became a commoner of St. Alban Hall, Oxford, in 1601. He was afterwards elected a demy of Magdalen College, and in 1609 was made perpetual fellow there, being then M.A.
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Johan Robeck
1672 - 1735 (63 years)
Johan Robeck was a Swedish-German theologian and philosopher who justified and committed suicide. Life Robeck was born in Kalmar, Sweden, and raised in the reformed religion. He studied in Uppsala, before going to Hildesheim in Germany, where he converted to Catholicism in 1704. He joined the Jesuits and lived in Rinteln, Westphalia.
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Paul Laurentius
1554 - 1624 (70 years)
Paul Laurentius , Lutheran divine, was at Oberwiera, where his father, of the same names, was pastor. From a school at Zwickau he entered the University of Leipzig, graduating in 1577. In 1578 he became rector of the Martin school at Halberstadt; in 1583 he was appointed towns preacher at Plauen, and in 1586 superintendent at Oelsnitz. On October 20, 1595, he took his doctorate in theology at Jena. His thesis on the Symboluin Atzanasii , gaining him similar honours at Wittenberg and Leipzig. He was promoted to be pastor and superintendent at Dresden, and transferred to the superintendence at Meissen, where he died on February 24, 1624.
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Joseph Lebon
1879 - 1957 (78 years)
Joseph Lebon was a Belgian priest and professor of theology at the University of Louvain. He is best known for his immense work devoted to the reception of the Council of Chalcedon in the Syriac and Armenian domains. His 1909 thesis devoted to Monophysite resistance to the Chalcedonian definition or horos centred on the writings of Severus of Antioch and the influence of Cyril of Alexandria. Editions of the surviving Syriac translations of Severus in the Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium and ground-breaking articles in Le Muséon followed at regular intervals. The climax of Lebon's w...
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Johannes Bilberg
1646 - 1717 (71 years)
Johannes Bilberg was a Swedish theologian, professor and bishop. As a professor he was involved in the controversy over Cartesianism. He was the son of school principal and vicar Jonas Amberni and his wife Ingrid Denckert. At the age of thirteen Bilberg started studying at Uppsala University. After he graduated with Bachelor of Arts, he took employment as a tutor for a young baron named Ulf Bonde on a trip around the continent of Europe when they visited royal courts and universities. When he returned home in 1677 he was named professor of mathematics at Uppsala University.
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Edmund Campion
1540 - 1581 (41 years)
Edmund Campion, SJ was an English Jesuit priest and martyr. While conducting an underground ministry in officially Anglican England, Campion was arrested by priest hunters. Convicted of high treason, he was hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn. Campion was beatified by Pope Leo XIII in 1886 and canonised in 1970 by Pope Paul VI as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales. His feast day is celebrated on 1 December.
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Andrea Spagni
1716 - 1788 (72 years)
Andrea Spagni was an Italian Jesuit theologian, educator, and author. Spagni was born at Florence. He entered the Society of Jesus on 22 October 1731, and was employed chiefly in teaching philosophy and theology, though for a time he lectured in mathematics at the Roman College, and assisted Father Asclepi in his astronomical observations. He died in Rome.
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James Waddel Alexander
1804 - 1859 (55 years)
James Waddel Alexander was an American Presbyterian minister and theologian who followed in the footsteps of his father, Rev. Archibald Alexander. Early life Alexander was born in 1804 in Louisa County, Virginia, the eldest son of Rev. Archibald Alexander and his wife Janetta Waddel. He was born on the Hopewell estate near present-day Gordonsville at the residence of his maternal grandfather after whom he was named, the blind Presbyterian preacher James Waddel. His younger brothers included William Cowper Alexander , president of the New Jersey State Senate and first president of the Equitabl...
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Johann Spörlein
1814 - 1873 (59 years)
Johann Spörlein was a German Catholic church historian who was a native of Burk, today a neighborhood in the city of Forchheim. He was a prominent supporter of philosopher Anton Günther . He studied philosophy and theology in Bamberg, receiving his ordination in 1837. From February 1849, he was a professor of church history and church law at the Lyceum in Bamberg. Among his written works are the following:Einige Grundsätze des Clemens von Alexandrien über griechische Philosophie und christliche Wissenschaft, aus seinen Schriften dargelegt , 1840Die Gegensätze in der Lehre des hl. Cyrillus und...
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Claude D'Espence
1511 - 1571 (60 years)
Claude D'Espence was a French theologian and diplomat, born in 1511 at Châlons-sur-Marne; died 5 Oct., 1571, at Paris. He entered the Collège de Navarre in 1536, and later became the rector of the Sorbonne before he got his doctorate. He was involved with the Council of Trent and argued against the Protestant apologist Theodore Beza about the value of tradition.
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Petrus Cunaeus
1586 - 1638 (52 years)
Petrus Cunaeus was the pen name of the Dutch Christian scholar Peter van der Kun. His book The Hebrew Republic is considered "the most powerful statement of republican theory in the early years of the Dutch Republic."
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Gabriel Skagestad
1879 - 1952 (73 years)
Gabriel Skagestad was a Norwegian theologian and priest. He served as a bishop of the Diocese of Stavanger from 1940 until 1949. Skagestad was a key figure in the resistance movement of the church during the German occupation of Norway.
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Jure Radić
1920 - 1990 (70 years)
Jure Radić was Croatian Catholic priest and scientist. He was born in Baška Voda. He taught as a professor of liturgy at the Faculty of Theology in Makarska. He explored the flora of Biokovo and Makarska littoral, and benthic fauna of Makarska underwater. In 1963 he founded the Malacological museum in Makarska, and in 1979 the Institute "Mountains and Sea", in which he collaborated with Edita Marija Šolić. He also founded conference proceedings series Acta Biocovica . He co-founded and edited the first Croatian journal in liturgical-pastoral theology Služba Božja in 1960.
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John Foster
1770 - 1843 (73 years)
John Foster was an English Baptist minister and essayist. The son of a weaver, born in Halifax, Yorkshire, and educated for the ministry at the Baptist college in Bristol, Foster served as a minister for a number of years. Becoming a full-time writer, he contributed nearly 200 articles to the Eclectic Review. His works include Essays, in a Series of Letters , and Essay on the Evils of Popular Ignorance , in which he urged the necessity of a national system of education.
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Henry Lawrence Hitchcock
1813 - 1873 (60 years)
Rev. Henry Lawrence Hitchcock was an American minister and the third President of Western Reserve College, now Case Western Reserve University. He was mayor of the village of Hudson, Ohio in 1861. Biography Hitchcock was born in Burton, Geauga County, Ohio, October 31, 1813. His father, Hon. Peter Hitchcock, a native of Cheshire, Conn., was a member of the US Congress and Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court. His mother was Nabby, daughter of Elam Cook, of Cheshire.
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Aleksandr Glagolev
1872 - 1937 (65 years)
Alexander Alexandrovich Glagolev was a Russian Orthodox priest and religious philosopher as well as professor of the Kiev Theological Seminary. Biography Alexander Glagolev was born to a priestly family. He graduated from the Tula theological seminary and the Kiev theological seminary with a doctoral degree in theology. His thesis was called "Angels in the Old Testament". In the review of his thesis, professor Olesnitsky noted that: "Glagolev's dissertation has both breadth and depth of research covering all points in the Old Testament angelology... and should be considered a real contribut...
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Walter A. Maier
1893 - 1950 (57 years)
Walter Arthur Maier was a noted radio personality, public speaker, prolific author, university professor, scholar of ancient Semitic languages and culture, Lutheran theologian and editor. He is best known as the speaker for The Lutheran Hour radio broadcast from 1930 to 1950.
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Carl Victor Ryssel
1849 - 1905 (56 years)
Karl Victor Ryssel, also Carl Victor Ryssel was a Protestant theologian and professor in Leipzig and Zürich. Life Ryssel was born in Reinsberg, Germany, near the town of Nossen. From 1861 to 1868 he went to the Gymnasium in Freiberg. From 1867 to 1871 he studied theology and oriental studies at the University of Leipzig. Subsequently, he became a teacher in Leipzig . In 1874 he married Clara Friederici, and they had a daughter Else.
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Thomas Turton
1780 - 1864 (84 years)
Thomas Turton was an English academic and divine, the Bishop of Ely from 1845 to 1864. Life Thomas Turton was son of Thomas and Ann Turton of Hatfield, West Riding. He was admitted to Queens' College, Cambridge, in 1801 but migrated to St Catharine's College in 1804. In 1805 he graduated BA as senior wrangler and equal Smith's Prizeman. Elected a fellow of St Catharine's in 1806, he was Lucasian Professor of Mathematics from 1822 to 1826 and Regius Professor of Divinity from 1827 to 1842.
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Bernard Lamy
1640 - 1715 (75 years)
Bernard Lamy was a French Oratorian, mathematician and theologian. Life Lamy was born in Le Mans, France. After studying there, he went to join the Maison d'Institution in Paris, and to Saumur thereafter. In 1658 he entered the congregation of the Oratory.
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Franciscus Bonae Spei
1617 - 1677 (60 years)
Franciscus Bonae Spei was a Catholic scholastic theologian and philosopher. He was born in Lille under the name of François Crespin, and entered the Carmelite order in 1635 under the religious name of Franciscus Bonae Spei . During many years, he taught philosophy and theology in Leuven. He also held numerous charges within his order: he was Provincial, traveled three times to Rome and twice to Madrid, and died as prior of the Carmelite convent in Brussels. He wrote two vast philosophy and theology courses, of high quality. As all reformed Carmelites, he follows broadly the doctrine of Thomism, but discussed numerous contemporary issues.
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Karl Eduard von Napiersky
1793 - 1864 (71 years)
Karl Eduard von Napiersky was a Latvian clergyman and historian. He studied theology at the University of Dorpat, and from 1814 onward, served as a pastor in the municipality of Neu-Pebalg. From 1829 to 1849 he was director of government schools and gymnasiums in Riga. In 1851 he became a member of the newly established censorship committee in Riga.
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Adolphe Perraud
1828 - 1906 (78 years)
Adolphe Louis Albert Perraud was a French Cardinal and academician. Biography Perraud was born in Lyon to Leopold Perraud and Aglae Delametherie. A brilliant student at the lycées Henri IV and St Louis, he entered the École Normale, where he was strongly influenced by Joseph Gratry. In 1850 he secured the fellowship of history and for two years he taught at the lycée of Angers. In 1852 he abandoned teaching to become a priest. He returned to Paris where he joined the Oratory, which was then being reorganized by Gratry and Abbé Pététot, curé of St Roch.
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Isaac Penington
1616 - 1679 (63 years)
Isaac Penington was one of the early members of the Religious Society of Friends in England. He wrote about the Quaker movement and was an influential promoter and defender of it. Penington was the oldest son of Isaac Penington, a Puritan who had served as the Lord Mayor of London. Penington married a widow named Mary Springett and they had five children. Penington's stepdaughter Gulielma Springett married William Penn. Convinced that the Quaker faith was true, Penington and his wife joined the Friends in 1657 or 1658.
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Florens Radewyns
1350 - 1400 (50 years)
Floris Radewyns was the co-founder of the Brethren of the Common Life. Life Floris was born at Leerdam, near Utrecht, about 1350. He passed a brilliant university course and took his M.A. degree at Prague. Returning home, he was installed canon of St. Peter's, Utrecht. For some little time he led a life of pleasure, until converted by a sermon of Gerard Groote.
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Jakob Haartman
1717 - 1788 (71 years)
Jakob Haartman was the Bishop of Turku in Finland from 1776 till his death in 1788. Biography Haartman was born on 8 March 1717 in Stockholm, Sweden, the son of Finnish parents Johan Jakobsson Haartman, a priest, and Maria Kristoffersdotter Sundenius. He graduated from the Royal Academy of Turku in 1730 and from Uppsala University in 1733. He earned his master's degree from the Royal Academy of Turku in 1741. In 1742 he became an associate professor of Philosophy and a deputy librarian in 1750, a deputy secretary in 1755 and a professor of Philosophy and History in 1756. He was ordained a pri...
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Georg Karl Mayer
1811 - 1868 (57 years)
Georg Karl Mayer was a German Roman Catholic theologian born in Aschbach, Upper Franconia. He studied philosophy and theology in Bamberg, then continued his education at the Universities of Munich and Vienna. In 1837 he received his ordination in Bamberg, and afterwards worked as a chaplain. From 1842 he was a professor at the Lyceum in Bamberg, where he taught classes in canon law, church history, dogmatics, exegesis and Hebrew language. In 1862 he was appointed Domcapitular at Bamberg.
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John Goucher
1845 - 1922 (77 years)
John Franklin Goucher was an American Methodist pastor and missionary and the namesake of Goucher College, formerly the Women's College of Baltimore City. He was one of the college's co-founders along with fellow clergyman John B. Van Meter and served as its second president.
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Carlo Maria Curci
1809 - 1891 (82 years)
Carlo Maria Curci, SJ was an Italian theologian from Naples. A Jesuit from the age of 16, he was expelled from the Society of Jesus in 1884 after spending the preceding decade challenging perceived political and spiritual problems within the Catholic Church. After his expulsion, he was financially supported by Cardinal Henry Edward Manning. He was re-admitted to the Society of Jesus a few months before his death in 1891.
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