The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
We also provide custom rankings of people by discipline as well as interviews with influential academics who are currently active.
To use this tool, select the discipline (and optional subdiscipline) relevant to your research, and specify influential academics by history, world, or US. Even results that are counterintuitive are often enlightening (our algorithm always picks up a signal).
Methodology: How and Why We Rank by Influence …
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List of the most influential people
#5801
Carl Malamud
#5809
Overall Influence
1959 - Present (67 years)
Carl Malamud is an American technologist, author, and public domain advocate, known for his foundation Public.Resource.Org. He founded the Internet Multicasting Service. During his time with this group, he was responsible for developing the first Internet radio station, for putting the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's EDGAR database on-line, and for creating the Internet 1996 World Exposition.
Go to Profile#5802
Renato Curcio
#5810
Overall Influence
1941 - Present (85 years)
Renato Curcio is the former leader of the Italian far-left organization, the Red Brigades , which murdered the former prime minister Aldo Moro. Early life Born of an extramarital affair between Renato Zampa and Jolanda Curcio, Curcio was born at Monterotondo, in the province of Rome. His early years were a difficult time for him and his mother, a housemaid, whose itinerant positions with families required long separations. In April 1945, Curcio's beloved uncle, Armando, a Fiat auto worker, was murdered in a fascist ambush. The death of Uncle Armando caused Curcio to develop a hatred towards the Nazis and fascists.
Go to Profile#5803
Sandi Toksvig
#5811
Overall Influence
1958 - Present (68 years)
Sandra Birgitte Toksvig is a Danish-British writer, comedian and broadcaster on British radio, stage and television. She is also a political activist, having co-founded the Women's Equality Party in 2015. She has written plays, novels and books for children. In 1994, she came out as a lesbian.
Go to Profile#5804
José Donoso
#5812
Overall Influence
1924 - 1996 (72 years)
José Manuel Donoso Yáñez , known as José Donoso, was a Chilean writer, journalist and professor. He lived most of his life in Chile, although he spent many years in self-imposed exile in Mexico, the United States and Spain. Although he had left his country in the sixties for personal reasons, after 1973 he said his exile was also a form of protest against the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. He returned to Chile in 1981 and lived there until his death.
Go to Profile#5805
Melford Spiro
#5813
Overall Influence
1920 - 2014 (94 years)
Melford Elliot Spiro was an American cultural anthropologist specializing in religion and psychological anthropology. He is known for his critiques of the pillars of contemporary anthropological theory—wholesale cultural determinism, radical cultural relativism, and virtually limitless cultural diversity—and for his emphasis on the theoretical importance of unconscious desires and beliefs in the study of stability and change in social and cultural systems, particularly in respect to the family, politics, and religion. Explicated in numerous theoretical publications, they are empirically exemp...
Go to Profile#5806
Mike Douglas
#5814
Overall Influence
1921 - 2006 (85 years)
Michael Delaney Dowd Jr. , known as Mike Douglas, was an American "Big Band" era singer, entertainer, television talk show host of The Mike Douglas Show, and actor. Early life Dowd was born in Chicago, Illinois. His birth year has been called into question, with years ranging from 1920 to 1925 having been given as his year of birth at some point. His family later moved to Forest Park, Illinois. There, he attended Proviso Township High School, but left the school after his second year. After that, he began singing as a choirboy.
Go to Profile#5807
Tobias Preis
#5815
Overall Influence
1981 - Present (45 years)
Tobias Preis is Professor of Behavioral Science and Finance at Warwick Business School and a fellow of the Alan Turing Institute. He is a computational social scientist focussing on measuring and predicting human behavior with online data. At Warwick Business School he directs the Data Science Lab together with his colleague Suzy Moat. Preis holds visiting positions at Boston University and University College London. In 2011, he worked as a senior research fellow with H. Eugene Stanley at Boston University and with Dirk Helbing at ETH Zurich. In 2009, he was named a member of the Gutenberg Academy.
Go to Profile#5808
Ellis Horowitz
#5816
Overall Influence
2000 - Present (26 years)
Ellis Horowitz is an American computer scientist and Professor of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at the University of Southern California . Horowitz is best known for his computer science textbooks on data structures and algorithms, co-authored with Sartaj Sahni. At USC, Horowitz was chairman of the Computer Science Department from 1990 to 1999. During his tenure he significantly improved relations between Computer Science and the Information Sciences Institute , hiring senior faculty, and establishing the department's first industrial advisory board. From 1983 to 1993 with Lawrence Flon he co-founded Quality Software Products which designed and built UNIX application software.
Go to Profile#5809
Jason Stanley
#5817
Overall Influence
1969 - Present (57 years)
Jason Stanley is an American philosopher who is the Jacob Urowsky Professor of Philosophy at Yale University. He is best known for his contributions to philosophy of language and epistemology, which often draw upon and influence other fields, including linguistics and cognitive science. He has written for a popular audience on the New York Times philosophy blog The Stone. In his more recent work, Stanley has brought tools from philosophy of language and epistemology to bear on questions of political philosophy, especially in his 2015 book How Propaganda Works.
Go to Profile#5810
Lawrence Halprin
#5818
Overall Influence
1916 - 2009 (93 years)
Lawrence Halprin was an American landscape architect, designer and teacher. Beginning his career in the San Francisco Bay Area, California, in 1949, Halprin often collaborated with a local circle of modernist architects on relatively modest projects. These figures included William Wurster, Joseph Esherick, Vernon DeMars, Mario J. Ciampi, and others associated with UC Berkeley. Gradually accumulating a regional reputation in the northwest, Halprin first came to national attention with his work at the 1962 Seattle World's Fair, the Ghirardelli Square adaptive-reuse project in San Francisco, and the landmark pedestrian street / transit mall Nicollet Mall in Minneapolis.
Go to Profile#5811
Stephanie Kelton
#5819
Overall Influence
1969 - Present (57 years)
Stephanie A Kelton is an American heterodox economist and academic, and a leading proponent of Modern Monetary Theory. She served as an advisor to Bernie Sanders's 2016 presidential campaign and worked for the Senate Budget Committee under his chairmanship. She is also the author of The Deficit Myth, a New York Times bestseller, on the subject of Modern Monetary Theory.
Go to Profile#5812
Noah Feldman
#5820
Overall Influence
1970 - Present (56 years)
#5813
Jack Dann
#5821
Overall Influence
1945 - Present (81 years)
Jack Dann is an American writer best known for his science fiction, as well as an editor and a writing teacher, who has lived in Australia since 1994. He has published over seventy books, the majority being as editor or co-editor of story anthologies in the science fiction, fantasy and horror genres. He has published nine novels, numerous shorter works of fiction, essays, and poetry, and his books have been translated into thirteen languages. His work, which includes fiction in the science fiction, fantasy, horror, magical realism, and historical and alternative history genres, has been compared to Jorge Luis Borges, Roald Dahl, Lewis Carroll, J.
Go to Profile#5814
Richard M. Goodwin
#5822
Overall Influence
1913 - 1996 (83 years)
Richard M. Goodwin was an American mathematician and economist. Background Goodwin was born in New Castle, Indiana. He received his BA and PhD at Harvard and taught there from 1942 until 1950. He fled the United States during the McCarthy era, then taught at the University of Cambridge until 1979 and the University of Siena until 1984. Although he became a university lecturer in the Cambridge faculty of economics and politics in 1951, it was not until five years later that he agreed to join the fellowship of a college, choosing that of Peterhouse. Christopher Calladine thinks that this unusua...
Go to Profile#5815
Kimon Friar
#5823
Overall Influence
1911 - 1993 (82 years)
Kimon Friar was a Greek-American poet and translator of Greek poetry. Youth and education Friar was born in 1911 in İmralı, Ottoman Empire , to a Greek father and a Greek mother. In 1915, the family moved to the United States and Friar became an American citizen in 1920. As a child, Friar had problems with the English language, and so he spent his time on artistic efforts. At a young age, despite his trouble with English, Friar discovered poetry and later he became interested in drama. After reading Ode on a Grecian Urn by John Keats, Friar became fascinated with the energy of the English lan...
Go to Profile#5816
Yew-Kwang Ng
#5824
Overall Influence
1942 - Present (84 years)
Yew-Kwang Ng is a Malaysian-Australian economist, who is currently Special Chair Professor of Economics at Fudan University, Shanghai, and a Distinguished Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia. He has published in a variety of academic disciplines and is best known for his work in welfare economics.
Go to Profile#5817
Roy Hodgson
#5825
Overall Influence
1947 - Present (79 years)
Roy Hodgson is an English football manager and former player who is the manager of Premier League club Crystal Palace. He has managed 22 different teams in eight countries, beginning in Sweden with Halmstads BK in the 1976 season. He later guided the Switzerland national team to the last 16 of the 1994 World Cup and qualification for Euro 1996; Switzerland had not qualified for a major tournament since the 1960s. From 2006 to 2007, he managed the Finland national team, guiding them to their highest-ever FIFA ranking of 33rd place and coming close to qualifying for a major tournament for the first time in their history.
Go to Profile#5818
Edward de Bono
#5826
Overall Influence
1933 - 2021 (88 years)
Edward Charles Francis Publius de Bono was a Maltese physician, psychologist, author, inventor and broadcaster. He originated the term lateral thinking, wrote many books on thinking including Six Thinking Hats, and was a proponent of the teaching of thinking as a subject in schools.
Go to Profile#5819
Alan Winstanley
#5827
Overall Influence
1952 - Present (74 years)
Alan Kenneth Winstanley is an English record producer and songwriter, active from the mid-1970s onwards. He usually works with Clive Langer. His early career during the mid-1970s was as an audio engineer, working on albums by The Stranglers in addition to releases by Joe Jackson and Generation X. He also worked with songwriter Brian Wade producing teen pop singer Nikki Richards' single "Oh Boy!" in 1978.
Go to Profile#5820
Alice Rivlin
#5828
Overall Influence
1931 - 2019 (88 years)
Alice Mitchell Rivlin was an American economist and budget official. She served as the 16th vice chair of the Federal Reserve from 1996 to 1999. Before her appointment to the Federal Reserve, Rivlin was named director of the Office of Management and Budget in the Clinton administration from 1994 to 1996. Prior to that, she was instrumental in the establishment of the Congressional Budget Office and became its founding director from 1975 to 1983. A member of the Democratic Party, Rivlin was the first woman to hold either of those posts.
Go to Profile#5821
Jason Kidd
#5829
Overall Influence
1973 - Present (53 years)
Jason Frederick Kidd is an American professional basketball coach and former player who is the head coach for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association . Widely regarded as one of the greatest point guards and passers of all time, Kidd was a 10-time NBA All-Star, a five-time All-NBA First Team member, and a nine-time NBA All-Defensive Team member. He won an NBA championship in 2011 as a member of the Dallas Mavericks and was a two-time gold medal winner in the Olympics with the U.S. national team in 2000 and 2008. He was inducted as a player into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.
Go to Profile#5822
Sandra Gilbert
#5830
Overall Influence
1936 - Present (90 years)
Sandra M. Gilbert is an American literary critic and poet who has published in the fields of feminist literary criticism, feminist theory, and psychoanalytic criticism. She is best known for her collaborative critical work with Susan Gubar, with whom she co-authored, among other works, The Madwoman in the Attic . Madwoman in the Attic is widely recognized as a text central to second-wave feminism. She is Professor Emerita of English at the University of California, Davis.
Go to Profile#5823
Gerd B. Achenbach
#5831
Overall Influence
1947 - Present (79 years)
Gerd B. Achenbach is a German philosopher. He is widely noted for founding the world's first philosophical practice in 1981, a contemporary movement in practical philosophy. He received a doctorate in philosophy under Odo Marquard in 1981.
Go to Profile#5824
William Higinbotham
#5832
Overall Influence
1910 - 1994 (84 years)
William Alfred Higinbotham was an American physicist. A member of the team that developed the first nuclear bomb, he later became a leader in the nonproliferation movement. He also has a place in the history of video games for his 1958 creation of Tennis for Two, the first interactive analog computer game and one of the first electronic games to use a graphical display.
Go to Profile#5825
Severin Hacker
#5833
Overall Influence
1984 - Present (42 years)
Severin Hacker is a Swiss computer scientist who is the co-founder and CTO of Duolingo, the world's most popular language-learning platform. Biography Hacker was born and raised in Zug and studied at ETH Zurich. In a 2020 interview, Hacker specified that gaming played a large role in his interest in computer science: "What originally drew me to computers was video games and the desire to build your own games and understand how those games are built. I was somewhat obsessed."
Go to Profile#5826
Gary Gibbons
#5834
Overall Influence
1946 - Present (80 years)
Gary William Gibbons is a British theoretical physicist. Education Gibbons was born in Coulsdon, Surrey. He was educated at Purley County Grammar School and the University of Cambridge, where in 1969 he became a research student under the supervision of Dennis Sciama. When Sciama moved to the University of Oxford, he became a student of Stephen Hawking, obtaining his PhD from Cambridge in 1973.
Go to Profile#5827
Vishal Sikka
#5835
Overall Influence
1967 - Present (59 years)
Vishal Sikka is the founder and CEO of Vianai, former CTO of SAP AG, and former CEO of Infosys. He currently also serves on Oracle's board of directors, the supervisory board of the BMW Group and as an advisor to the Stanford Institute of Human-Centered AI.
Go to Profile#5828
Jane Yolen
#5836
Overall Influence
1939 - Present (87 years)
Jane Hyatt Yolen is an American writer of fantasy, science fiction, and children's books. She is the author or editor of more than 350 books, of which the best known is The Devil's Arithmetic, a Holocaust novella. Her other works include the Nebula Award−winning short story "Sister Emily's Lightship", the novelette "Lost Girls", Owl Moon, The Emperor and the Kite, and the Commander Toad series. She has collaborated on works with all three of her children, most extensively with Adam Stemple.
Go to Profile#5829
Yousef Sobouti
#5837
Overall Influence
1932 - Present (94 years)
Yousef Sobouti is a contemporary Iranian astrophysicist, theoretical physicist. Biography He got his undergraduate degree from Tehran University. In 1960 he received his MSc degree in physics from University of Toronto.
Go to Profile#5830
Frank Belknap Long
#5838
Overall Influence
1901 - 1994 (93 years)
Frank Belknap Long Jr. was an American writer of horror fiction, fantasy, science fiction, poetry, gothic romance, comic books, and non-fiction. Though his writing career spanned seven decades, he is best known for his horror and science fiction short stories, including contributions to the Cthulhu Mythos alongside his friend, H. P. Lovecraft. During his life, Long received the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement , the Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement , and the First Fandom Hall of Fame Award .
Go to Profile#5831
Hans-Paul Schwefel
#5839
Overall Influence
1940 - Present (86 years)
Hans-Paul Schwefel is a German computer scientist and professor emeritus at University of Dortmund , where he held the chair of systems analysis from 1985 until 2006. He is one of the pioneers in evolutionary computation and one of the authors responsible for the evolution strategies . His work has helped to understand the dynamics of evolutionary algorithms and to put evolutionary computation on formal grounds.
Go to Profile#5832
Susan J. Napier
#5840
Overall Influence
1955 - Present (71 years)
Susan Jolliffe Napier is a Professor of the Japanese Program at Tufts University. She was formerly the Mitsubishi Professor of Japanese Literature and Culture at the University of Texas at Austin. She also worked as a visiting professor in the Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations at Harvard University, and in cinema and media studies at University of Pennsylvania. Napier is an anime and manga critic.
Go to Profile#5833
Nathan Glazer
#5841
Overall Influence
1923 - 2019 (96 years)
Nathan Glazer was an American sociologist who taught at the University of California, Berkeley, and for several decades at Harvard University. He was a co-editor of the now-defunct policy journal The Public Interest.
Go to Profile#5834
Anatoly Kitov
#5842
Overall Influence
1920 - 2005 (85 years)
Anatoly Ivanovich Kitov was a pioneer of cybernetics in the Soviet Union. Early life and education Anatoly Kitov was born in Samara in 1920. The Kitov family moved to Tashkent in 1921, as Anatoly's father, Ivan Stepanovich Kitov, had served as a junior officer in the White Army and wanted to avoid the repercussions of the Russian Civil War. Anatoly excelled at secondary school and graduated in 1939. However, his enrollment at Tashkent State Technical University was interrupted when he was called up for military service.
Go to Profile#5835
Ryogo Kubo
#5843
Overall Influence
1920 - 1995 (75 years)
was a Japanese mathematical physicist, best known for his works in statistical physics and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Work In the early 1950s, Kubo transformed research into the linear response properties of near-equilibrium condensed-matter systems, in particular the understanding of electron transport and conductivity, through the Kubo formalism, a Green's function approach to linear response theory for quantum systems. In 1977 Ryogo Kubo was awarded the Boltzmann Medal for his contributions to the theory of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, and to the theory of fluctuation phenomena.
Go to Profile#5836
Olgierd Zienkiewicz
#5844
Overall Influence
1921 - 2009 (88 years)
Olgierd Cecil Zienkiewicz was a British academic of Polish descent, mathematician, and civil engineer. He was born in Caterham, England. He was one of the early pioneers of the finite element method. Since his first paper in 1947 dealing with numerical approximation to the stress analysis of dams, he published nearly 600 papers and wrote or edited more than 25 books.
Go to Profile#5837
Jaycen Joshua
#5845
Overall Influence
Jaycen Joshua is an American audio engineer who owns the revered Canton House Studios in Studio City, California. Music career Joshua started his mix career in 2005 when he became partners with his mentor Dave Pensado. Jaycen has won 15 Grammy Awards and mixed several Grammy Award-winning records such as "Single Ladies " by Beyoncé and Despacito by Luis Fonsi feat. Justin Bieber. Hobert has worked with the likes of Mariah Carey, Justin Timberlake, Sean Combs, Jay-Z, Chris Brown, Miley Cyrus, Pop Smoke, Ed Sheeran, Christina Aguilera, Mary J. Blige, Rihanna, R. Kelly, Ariana Grande, The Dream, ...
Go to Profile#5838
Mikhail Shifman
#5846
Overall Influence
1949 - Present (77 years)
#5839
Frank Easterbrook
#5847
Overall Influence
1948 - Present (78 years)
Frank Hoover Easterbrook is an American lawyer and jurist who has served as a United States circuit judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit since 1985. He was the Seventh Circuit's chief judge from 2006 to 2013.
Go to Profile#5840
Kenneth Colby
#5848
Overall Influence
1920 - 2001 (81 years)
Kenneth Mark Colby was an American psychiatrist dedicated to the theory and application of computer science and artificial intelligence to psychiatry. Colby was a pioneer in the development of computer technology as a tool to try to understand cognitive functions and to assist both patients and doctors in the treatment process. He is perhaps best known for the development of a computer program called PARRY, which mimicked a person with paranoid schizophrenia and could "converse" with others. PARRY sparked serious debate about the possibility and nature of machine intelligence.
Go to Profile#5841
Mark Thornton
#5849
Overall Influence
1960 - Present (66 years)
Mark Thornton is an American economist of the Austrian School. He has written on the topic of prohibition of drugs, the economics of the American Civil War, and the "Skyscraper Index". He is a Senior Fellow with the Ludwig von Mises Institute in Alabama and a Research Fellow with the Independent Institute.
Go to Profile#5842
Richard G. Wilkinson
#5850
Overall Influence
1943 - Present (83 years)
Richard Gerald Wilkinson is a British social epidemiologist, author, advocate, and left-wing political activist. He is Professor Emeritus of social epidemiology at the University of Nottingham, having retired in 2008. He is also Honorary Professor of Epidemiology and Public Health at University College London and Visiting Professor at University of York. In 2009, Richard co-founded The Equality Trust. Richard was awarded a 2013 Silver Rose Award from Solidar for championing equality and the 2014 Charles Cully Memorial Medal by the Irish Cancer Society.
Go to Profile#5843
E. D. Hirsch
#5851
Overall Influence
1928 - Present (98 years)
Eric "E. D." Donald Hirsch Jr. is an American educator, literary critic, and theorist of education. He is professor emeritus of humanities at the University of Virginia. Hirsch is best known for his 1987 book Cultural Literacy, which was a national best-seller and a catalyst for the standards movement in American education. Cultural Literacy included a list of approximately 5,000 "names, phrases, dates, and concepts every American should know" in order to be "culturally literate." Hirsch's arguments for cultural literacy and the contents of the list were controversial and widely debated in t...
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David Stove
#5852
Overall Influence
1927 - 1994 (67 years)
David Charles Stove was an Australian philosopher whose writings often challenged prevailing academic orthodoxy. He was known for his critiques of postmodernism, feminism, and multiculturalism. Philosophy His work in philosophy of science included criticisms of David Hume's Inductive scepticism. He offered a positive response to the problem of induction in his 1986 work, The Rationality of Induction. In Popper and After: Four Modern Irrationalists, Stove attacked the leading philosophers of science, Karl Popper, Thomas Kuhn, Imre Lakatos, and Paul Feyerabend, on the grounds that their commitm...
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Ismat Beg
#5853
Overall Influence
1951 - Present (75 years)
Ismat Beg, FPAS, FIMA, is a Pakistani mathematician and researcher. Beg is a professor at Lahore School of Economics, Higher Education Commission Distinguished National Professor and an honorary full professor at the Mathematics Division at the Ruggero Santilli Institute for Basic Research, Florida, US. He has an enthusiastic and interactive teaching style and is famous for saying “please come on the board” when posed with a question in class. This helps uplift the students’ confidence.
Go to Profile#5846
Miguel León-Portilla
#5854
Overall Influence
1926 - 2019 (93 years)
Miguel León-Portilla was a Mexican anthropologist and historian, specializing in Aztec culture and literature of the pre-Columbian and colonial eras. Many of his works were translated to English and he was a well-recognized scholar internationally. In 2013, the Library of Congress of the United States bestowed on him the Living Legend Award.
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Vern Poythress
#5855
Overall Influence
1946 - Present (80 years)
Vern Sheridan Poythress is an American philosopher, theologian, New Testament scholar and mathematician, who is currently the New Testament chair of the ESV Oversight Committee. He is also the Distinguished Professor of New Testament, Biblical Interpretation, and Systematic Theology at Westminster Theological Seminary and editor of Westminster Theological Journal.
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Volodymyr Zelenskyy
#5856
Overall Influence
1978 - Present (48 years)
Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Zelenskyy is a Ukrainian politician who has been serving as the sixth president of Ukraine since 2019. He was formerly a comedian and actor. Born to a Ukrainian Jewish family, Zelenskyy grew up as a native Russian speaker in Kryvyi Rih, a major city of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast in central Ukraine. Prior to his acting career, he obtained a degree in law from the Kyiv National Economic University. He then pursued a career in comedy and created the production company Kvartal 95, which produced films, cartoons, and TV shows including the TV series Servant of the People, in which Zelenskyy played a fictional Ukrainian president.
Go to Profile#5849
Wyatt Tee Walker
#5857
Overall Influence
1929 - 2018 (89 years)
Wyatt Tee Walker was an African-American pastor, national civil rights leader, theologian, and cultural historian. He was a chief of staff for Martin Luther King Jr., and in 1958 became an early board member of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference . He helped found a Congress for Racial Equality chapter in 1958. As executive director of the SCLC from 1960 to 1964, Walker helped to bring the group to national prominence. Walker sat at the feet of his mentor, BG Crawley, who was a Baptist Minister in Brooklyn, NY and New York State Judge.
Go to Profile#5850
James Massey
#5858
Overall Influence
1934 - 2013 (79 years)
James Lee Massey was an American information theorist and cryptographer, Professor Emeritus of Digital Technology at ETH Zurich. His notable work includes the application of the Berlekamp–Massey algorithm to linear codes, the design of the block ciphers IDEA and SAFER, and the Massey-Omura cryptosystem .
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