The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
We also provide custom rankings of people by discipline as well as interviews with influential academics who are currently active.
To use this tool, select the discipline (and optional subdiscipline) relevant to your research, and specify influential academics by history, world, or US. Even results that are counterintuitive are often enlightening (our algorithm always picks up a signal).
Methodology: How and Why We Rank by Influence …
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List of the most influential people
#11351
Julie Gerberding
#11362
Overall Influence
1955 - Present (71 years)
Julie Louise Gerberding is an American infectious disease expert who was the first woman to serve as the director of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . As of May 2022, she is the CEO of the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health . Gerberding grew up in Estelline, South Dakota, attended Brookings High School, and earned undergraduate and graduate degrees from Case Western Reserve University. She was the chief medical resident at the University of California, San Francisco where she treated hospitalized AIDS patients in the first years of the epidemic. Gerberding be...
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Alastair Fowler
#11363
Overall Influence
1930 - Present (96 years)
Alastair David Shaw Fowler CBE FBA was a Scottish literary critic, editor, and an authority on Edmund Spenser, Renaissance literature, genre theory, and numerology. Life and career Alastair Fowler was born in Glasgow, Scotland in 1930. He was educated at the University of Edinburgh, M.A. . He was subsequently awarded an M.A. , D.Phil. and D.Litt. from Oxford. As a graduate student at Oxford, Fowler studied with C. S. Lewis, and later edited Lewis's Spenser's Images of Life.
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Carlos Gracie
#11364
Overall Influence
1902 - 1994 (92 years)
Carlos Gracie was a Brazilian martial artist who is credited with being one of the primary developers of Brazilian jiu-jitsu. Along with his younger brother Hélio Gracie and fellow students Luis França and Oswaldo Fadda, he helped develop Brazilian jiu-jitsu based on the teachings of famed Japanese judōka, Mitsuyo Maeda in Kano Jujitsu and is widely considered to be the martial-arts patriarch of the Gracie family. He purportedly acquired his initial knowledge of Jujitsu by studying in Belem under Maeda and his students. As he taught the techniques to his brothers, he created a martial arts f...
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Claudia Card
#11365
Overall Influence
1940 - 2015 (75 years)
Claudia Falconer Card was the Emma Goldman Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, with teaching affiliations in Women's Studies, Jewish Studies, Environmental Studies, and LGBT Studies.
Go to Profile#11355
Hans Kamp
#11366
Overall Influence
1940 - Present (86 years)
Johan Anthony Willem "Hans" Kamp is a Dutch philosopher and linguist, responsible for introducing discourse representation theory in 1981. Kamp was born in Den Burg. He received a Ph.D. in Philosophy from UCLA in 1968, and has taught at Cornell University, University of London, University of Texas, Austin, and University of Stuttgart. His dissertation, Tense Logic and the Theory of Linear Order was devoted to functional completeness in tense logic, the main result being that all temporal operators are definable in terms of "since" and "until", provided that the underlying temporal structure is a continuous linear ordering.
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Zico
#11367
Overall Influence
1953 - Present (73 years)
Arthur Antunes Coimbra , better known as Zico , is a Brazilian football coach and former player who played as an attacking midfielder. Often called the "White Pelé", he was a creative playmaker, with excellent technical skills, vision and an eye for goal, who is considered one of the most clinical finishers and best passers ever, as well as one of the greatest players of all time. He is also widely regarded as the greatest Brazilian to never win the World Cup. Arguably the world's best player of the late 1970s and early 80s, he is regarded as one of the best playmakers and free kick specialists in history, able to bend the ball in all directions.
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Percy Deift
#11368
Overall Influence
1945 - Present (81 years)
Percy Alec Deift is a mathematician known for his work on spectral theory, integrable systems, random matrix theory and Riemann–Hilbert problems. Life Deift was born in Durban, South Africa, where he obtained degrees in chemical engineering, physics, and mathematics, and received a Ph.D. in mathematical physics from Princeton University in 1977. He is a Silver Professor at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University.
Go to Profile#11358
Rebecca Chopp
#11369
Overall Influence
1952 - Present (74 years)
Rebecca S. Chopp is an academic administrator and professor. She was the chancellor of the University of Denver, and the first female chancellor in the institution's history. Prior to that, Chopp was a president of Swarthmore College and Colgate University.
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Peter B. Clarke
#11370
Overall Influence
1940 - 2011 (71 years)
Peter Bernard Clarke was a British scholar of religion and founding editor of the Journal of Contemporary Religion. Academic career Clarke served as Professor Emeritus of the History and Sociology of Religion at King's College London, having taught there from 1994 to 2003, the Director of the Centre for New Religions at King's College, and a professorial member of the Faculty of Theology at the University of Oxford ; earlier in his career he was Professor of African History at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Go to Profile#11360
Christian Bale
#11371
Overall Influence
1974 - Present (52 years)
Christian Charles Philip Bale is an English actor. Known for his versatility and physical transformations for his roles, he has been a leading man in films of several genres. He has received various accolades, including an Academy Award and two Golden Globe Awards. Forbes magazine ranked him as one of the highest-paid actors in 2014.
Go to Profile#11361
William C. Dudley
#11372
Overall Influence
1952 - Present (74 years)
William C. Dudley is an American economist who served as the president of Federal Reserve Bank of New York from 2009 to 2018 and as vice-chairman of the Federal Open Market Committee. He was appointed to the position on January 27, 2009, following the confirmation of his predecessor, Timothy F. Geithner, as United States Secretary of the Treasury.
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Elkhonon Goldberg
#11373
Overall Influence
1946 - Present (80 years)
Elkhonon Goldberg is a neuropsychologist and cognitive neuroscientist known for his work in hemispheric specialization and the "novelty-routinization" theory. Biography Goldberg studied at Moscow State University with the great neuropsychologist Alexander Luria and moved to the United States in 1974. He is currently a Clinical Professor of Neurology at New York University School of Medicine, Diplomate of The American Board of Professional Psychology in Clinical Neuropsychology, and Co-Founder and Chief Scientific Advisor of SharpBrains, an online brain fitness center. He offers post-doctoral training in Neuropsychology at Fielding Graduate University.
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Klaus Heinrich
#11374
Overall Influence
1927 - 2020 (93 years)
Klaus Heinrich was a German philosopher of religion. Career In 2002, he was awarded the Sigmund Freud Prize by the Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung. In 1948 he was a founding student member of the Free University of Berlin and from 1971 to 1995 he was a full professor for "Religious Studies on the Philosophy of Religion" at the Institute for Religious Studies. After training in psychoanalysis and studying law, philosophy, Protestant theology, sociology, art history and literary studies, first at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Unter den Linden in Berlin and then at the FU, he received his doctorate from the FU in 1952.
Go to Profile#11364
Thomas Anthony Harris
#11375
Overall Influence
1910 - 1995 (85 years)
Thomas Anthony Harris was an American psychiatrist and author who became famous for his self-help manual I'm OK, You're OK . The book was a bestseller and its name became a cliché during the 1970s.
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Jeffrey Lieberman
#11376
Overall Influence
1948 - Present (78 years)
Jeffrey Alan Lieberman is an American psychiatrist who specializes in schizophrenia and related psychoses and their associated neuroscience and pharmacological treatment . He was principal investigator for CATIE, the largest and longest independent study ever funded by the United States National Institute of Mental Health to examine existing pharmacotherapies for schizophrenia. He was president of the American Psychiatric Association from May 2013 to May 2014.
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John Broome
#11377
Overall Influence
1947 - Present (79 years)
John Broome is a British philosopher and economist. He was the White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Biography Broome was educated at the University of Cambridge, at the University of London and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he received a PhD in economics. Before arriving at Oxford he was Professor of Philosophy at the University of St. Andrews and, prior to that, Professor of Economics and Philosophy at the University of Bristol. He has held visiting posts at the University of Virginia, the Aust...
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Big Sean
#11378
Overall Influence
1988 - Present (38 years)
Sean Michael Leonard Anderson , known professionally as Big Sean, is an American rapper. Anderson began his music career in 2007 and gained popularity in 2010 with his third mixtape Finally Famous Vol. 3: Big. He then signed a recording contract with GOOD Music and Def Jam Recordings and released his debut studio album, Finally Famous in 2011, which included the US top 10 single "Dance " . Anderson followed it with his second album, Hall of Fame , while his third album, Dark Sky Paradise , debuted atop the US Billboard 200. It also included the hit singles "I Don't Fuck with You" and "Blessings" .
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Thomas Jech
#11379
Overall Influence
1944 - Present (82 years)
Thomas J. Jech is a mathematician specializing in set theory who was at Penn State for more than 25 years. Life He was educated at Charles University and from 2000 is at the Institute of Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
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Abraham Silberschatz
#11380
Overall Influence
1947 - Present (79 years)
Avi Silberschatz is an Israeli computer scientist and researcher. He graduated in 1976 with a Ph.D. in computer science from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. He became the Sidney J. Weinberg Professor of Computer Science at Yale University, USA in 2005. He was the chair of the Computer Science department at Yale from 2005 to 2011. Prior to coming to Yale in 2003, he was the Vice President of the Information Sciences Research Center at Bell Labs. He previously held an endowed professorship at the University of Texas at Austin, where he taught until 1993. His research interests include database systems, operating systems, storage systems, and network management.
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Fay Dowker
#11381
Overall Influence
1965 - Present (61 years)
Helen Fay Dowker is a British physicist who is a current professor of theoretical physics at Imperial College London. Education Dowker attended Manchester High School for Girls. As a student, she was interested in wormholes and quantum cosmology. Having studied the Mathematical Tripos at the University of Cambridge, Dowker was awarded the Tyson Medal in 1987 and completed her Doctor of Philosophy for research on spacetime wormholes supervised by Stephen Hawking in 1990.
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Lihong V. Wang
#11382
Overall Influence
Lihong V. Wang is the Bren Professor of Medical Engineering and Electrical Engineering at the Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering at California Institute of Technology and was formerly the Gene K. Beare Distinguished Professorship of Biomedical Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis. Wang is renowned for his contributions to the field of Photoacoustic imaging technologies and inventing the world's fastest camera with more than 10 trillion frames per second. Wang was elected as the member of National Academy of Engineering in 2018.
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Ivan Fesenko
#11383
Overall Influence
1962 - Present (64 years)
Ivan Fesenko is a mathematician working in number theory and its interaction with other areas of modern mathematics. Education Fesenko was educated at St. Petersburg State University where he was awarded a PhD in 1987.
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Charlie Watts
#11384
Overall Influence
1941 - 2021 (80 years)
Charles Robert Watts was an English musician. He was the drummer of the Rolling Stones from 1963 until his death in 2021. Originally trained as a graphic artist, Watts developed an interest in jazz at a young age and joined the band Blues Incorporated. He also started playing drums in London's rhythm and blues clubs, where he met future bandmates Mick Jagger, Keith Richards and Brian Jones. In January 1963, he left Blues Incorporated and joined the Rolling Stones as drummer, while doubling as designer of their record sleeves and tour stages. Watts' first public appearance as a permanent membe...
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Dan Shulman
#11385
Overall Influence
1967 - Present (59 years)
Daniel Shulman is a Canadian sportscaster with Sportsnet as well as the American network ESPN. Shulman serves as the play-by-play announcer and the moderator for the Toronto Blue Jays telecasts on Sportsnet. During 2018 and 2020 he hosted the baseball-themed podcast, Swing and a Belt with Dan Shulman. He also serves as the lead announcer for ESPN's men's college basketball coverage , and previously called regular-season and postseason Major League Baseball on ESPN and ESPN Radio.
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Evgenii Landis
#11386
Overall Influence
1921 - 1997 (76 years)
Evgenii Mikhailovich Landis was a Soviet mathematician who worked mainly on partial differential equations. Life Landis was born in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union. He was Jewish. He studied and worked at the Moscow State University, where his advisor was Alexander Kronrod, and later Ivan Petrovsky. In 1946, together with Kronrod, he rediscovered Sard's lemma, unknown in USSR at the time.
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K. R. Sreenivasan
#11387
Overall Influence
1947 - Present (79 years)
Katepalli Raju Sreenivasan is an aerospace scientist, fluid dynamicist, and applied physicist whose research includes physics and applied mathematics. He studies turbulence, nonlinear and statistical physics, astrophysical fluid mechanics, and cryogenic helium. He was the dean of engineering and executive vice provost for science and technology of New York University. Sreenivasan is also the Eugene Kleiner Professor for Innovation in Mechanical Engineering at New York University Tandon School of Engineering and a professor of physics and mathematics professor at the New York University Graduat...
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Tomasz Kamusella
#11388
Overall Influence
1967 - Present (59 years)
Tomasz Kamusella is a Polish scholar pursuing interdisciplinary research in language politics, nationalism, and ethnicity. Education Kamusella was educated at the University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Philology in Sosnowiec Campus , Poland; Potchefstroom University , Potchefstroom, South Africa; and the Central European University , Prague Campus, Czech Republic. He obtained his doctor degree in political science from the Institute of Western Affairs , Poznań, Poland and habilitation in Cultural Studies from the Warsaw School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
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Diana Zuckerman
#11389
Overall Influence
1950 - Present (76 years)
Diana M. Zuckerman is an American health policy analyst who focuses on the implications of policies for public health and patients' health. She specializes in national health policy, particularly in women's health and the safety and effectiveness of medical products. She is the President of the National Center for Health Research and the Cancer Prevention and Treatment Fund.
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Jason Bond
#11390
Overall Influence
2000 - Present (26 years)
Jason E. Bond is an American biologist working as a Professor of Entomology and the Schlinger Chair in Insect Systematics at the University of California, Davis. Education Bond attended Western Carolina University, earning a Bachelor of Science degree in biology in 1993. He earned a Master of Science in biology and Ph.D. in evolutionary systematics and genetics from Virginia Tech.
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Glenn Close
#11391
Overall Influence
1947 - Present (79 years)
Glenn Close is an American actress. In a career spanning over four decades, she has garnered numerous accolades, including three Tony Awards, three Emmy Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards. She has been nominated eight times for an Academy Award, sharing the record for most nominations in acting categories without a win with Peter O'Toole. In 2016, she was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame, and in 2019, Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world.
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Donald Adamson
#11392
Overall Influence
1939 - Present (87 years)
Donald Adamson , is a British literary scholar, philosopher and historian. Books which he has written include Blaise Pascal: Mathematician, Physicist, and Thinker about God and The Curriers' Company: A Modern History. His works are regarded as a gateway to European literature.
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William Wilson Morgan
#11393
Overall Influence
1906 - 1994 (88 years)
William Wilson Morgan was an American astronomer and astrophysicist. The principal theme in Morgan's work was stellar and galaxy classification. He is also known for helping prove the existence of spiral arms in our galaxy. In addition to his scientific achievements he served as professor and astronomy director for the University of Chicago's Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin and was the managing editor for George Hale's Astrophysical Journal.
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Eli Berman
#11394
Overall Influence
1960 - Present (66 years)
Eli Berman is the Research Director for International Security Studies at the UC Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation and since 2010 a Professor of economics at the University of California, San Diego. He is known for his work applying rational choice analysis to the behavior of radical religious groups.
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Gordon Guyatt
#11395
Overall Influence
1953 - Present (73 years)
Gordon Henry Guyatt is a Canadian physician who is Distinguished University Professor in the Departments of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact and Medicine at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. He is known for his leadership in evidence-based medicine, a term that first appeared in a single-author paper he published in 1991. Subsequently, a 1992 JAMA article that Guyatt led proved instrumental in bringing the concept of evidence-based medicine to the world's attention.[2] In 2007, The BMJ launched an international election for the most important contributions to healthcare. Evidence-based medicine came 7th, ahead of the computer and medical imaging.
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Herbert Stein
#11396
Overall Influence
1916 - 1999 (83 years)
Herbert Stein was an American economist, a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, and a member of the board of contributors of The Wall Street Journal. He was the chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers under Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. From 1974 to 1984, he was the A. Willis Robertson Professor of Economics at the University of Virginia.
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Pete Wilson
#11397
Overall Influence
1933 - Present (93 years)
Peter Barton Wilson is an American attorney and politician who served as a United States senator from California from 1983 to 1991 and as the 36th governor of California from 1991 to 1999. A member of the Republican Party, he also served as the 29th mayor of San Diego from 1971 to 1983.
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Ilya Piatetski-Shapiro
#11398
Overall Influence
1929 - 2009 (80 years)
Ilya Piatetski-Shapiro was a Soviet-born Israeli mathematician. During a career that spanned 60 years he made major contributions to applied science as well as pure mathematics. In his last forty years his research focused on pure mathematics; in particular, analytic number theory, group representations and algebraic geometry. His main contribution and impact was in the area of automorphic forms and L-functions.
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Brian Reid
#11399
Overall Influence
1949 - Present (77 years)
Brian Keith Reid is an American computer scientist. He developed an early use of a markup language in his 1980 doctoral dissertation. His other principal interest has been computer networking and the development of the Internet.
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Phyllis Trible
#11400
Overall Influence
1932 - Present (94 years)
Phyllis Trible is a feminist biblical scholar from Richmond, Virginia, United States. Trible's scholarship focuses on the Hebrew Bible and she is noted for her prominent influence on feminist biblical interpretation. Trible has written a multitude of books on interpretation of the Hebrew Bible, and has lectured around the world, including the United States, New Zealand, Australia, Japan, Canada, and a number of countries in Europe.
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John Scalzi
#11401
Overall Influence
1969 - Present (57 years)
John Michael Scalzi II is an American science fiction author and former president of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. He is best known for his Old Man's War series, three novels of which have been nominated for the Hugo Award, and for his blog Whatever, where he has written on a number of topics since 1998. He won the Hugo Award for Best Fan Writer in 2008 based predominantly on that blog, which he has also used for several charity drives. His novel Redshirts won the 2013 Hugo Award for Best Novel. He has written non-fiction books and columns on diverse topics such as finan...
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Jenny Teichman
#11402
Overall Influence
1930 - 2018 (88 years)
Jenny Teichman was an Australian-British philosopher, writing mostly on ethics. She was born in Melbourne, Australia in 1930 and grew up in Belgrave. Her uncle was Justus Jorgensen, founder of the artists' colony of Montsalvat. She married the lecturer and political commentator Max Teichmann. She was a research fellow at Somerville College, Oxford, from 1957 until 1960. She taught mostly at Murray Edwards College, Cambridge, formerly known as New Hall, where she became an Emeritus Fellow. She also taught for shorter periods in Australia, Canada and the USA.
Go to Profile#11392
Elvin Hayes
#11403
Overall Influence
1945 - Present (81 years)
Elvin Ernest Hayes , nicknamed "the Big E", is an American former professional basketball player and radio analyst for his alma mater Houston Cougars. He is a member of the NBA's 50th and 75th anniversary teams, and an inductee in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Known for both his offensive and defensive prowess, Hayes is often regarded as one of the best power forwards in NBA history. Hayes is also known for his longevity, being third all-time in NBA minutes played , and missing only nine games during his 16-season career.
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Israel Eldad
#11404
Overall Influence
1910 - 1996 (86 years)
Israel Eldad , was an Israeli Revisionist Zionist philosopher and member of the Jewish underground group Lehi in Mandatory Palestine. Biography Israel Scheib was born in 1910 in Pidvolochysk, Galicia in a traditional Jewish home. The Scheibs wandered as refugees during the First World War. In 1918, in Lvov, young Scheib witnessed a funeral procession for Jews murdered in a pogrom. After high school, Scheib enrolled at the Rabbinical Seminary of Vienna for religious studies and the University of Vienna for secular studies. He completed his doctorate on "The Voluntarism of Eduard von Hartmann, B...
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Alonzo Mourning
#11405
Overall Influence
1970 - Present (56 years)
Alonzo Harding Mourning Jr. is an American former professional basketball player who has served as vice president of player programs and development for the Miami Heat since June 2009. Mourning played most of his 15-year National Basketball Association career for the Heat.
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Robert Ader
#11406
Overall Influence
1932 - 2011 (79 years)
Robert Ader was an American psychologist and academic who co-founded psychoneuroimmunology, a field of study which explores the links connecting the brain, behavior, and the immune system. Ader was a professor emeritus at the University of Rochester Medical Center.
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Thomas Nipperdey
#11407
Overall Influence
1927 - 1992 (65 years)
Thomas Nipperdey was a German historian best known for his monumental and exhaustive studies of Germany from 1800 to 1918. As a critical follower of Leopold von Ranke's famous ideal of writing "history exactly as it happened," Nipperdey sought to explain the interconnectedness of political, social and cultural developments, while avoiding partisanship and rejecting moralistic efforts to see German history before 1933 only in the light of Nazism.
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Saad Eddin Ibrahim
#11408
Overall Influence
1938 - Present (88 years)
Saad Eddin Ibrahim was an Egyptian sociologist and author. He was one of Egypt's leading human rights and democracy activists and a strong critic of former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Biography Born in Bedeen, Mansoura, Egypt, Ibrahim was credited with playing a leading role in the revival of Egypt's contemporary research-based civil society movement. For most of his professional career, Ibrahim was a professor in the American University in Cairo's Department of Sociology, having previously taught sociology at Indiana's DePauw University from 1967 to 1974. He was a visiting professor ...
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Bernard Friedland
#11409
Overall Influence
Bernard Friedland is an American professor of engineering. He is Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the New Jersey Institute of Technology. Biography Friedland was born in New York City and graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School. He received his B.A., B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees all from Columbia University. He taught at Columbia University, New York University, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, and joined the faculty of New Jersey Institute of Technology in 1990. His research has focused on system and control theory and its applications. For 28...
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Darren Naish
#11410
Overall Influence
1975 - Present (51 years)
Darren William Naish is a British vertebrate paleontologist, author and science communicator. As a researcher, he is best known for his work describing and reevaluating dinosaurs and other Mesozoic reptiles, including Eotyrannus, Xenoposeidon, and azhdarchid pterosaurs. Much of his research has focused on Wealden Group fossils from the Isle of Wight.
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Tommy Haas
#11411
Overall Influence
1978 - Present (48 years)
Thomas Mario Haas is a German former professional tennis player. He competed on the ATP Tour from 1996 to 2017. After breaking into the world top 100 in 1997 and reaching a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in May 2002, his career was interrupted by injuries: Haas twice dropped out of the world rankings due to being unable to play for twelve months. His first period of injury saw him miss the whole of the 2003 season, and he did not return to the world's top 10 until 2007. He also was absent between February 2010 and June 2011, but returned to world No. 11 in 2013 by reaching the quarterfinals at the French Open for the first time.
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