The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
We also provide custom rankings of people by discipline as well as interviews with influential academics who are currently active.
To use this tool, select the discipline (and optional subdiscipline) relevant to your research, and specify influential academics by history, world, or US. Even results that are counterintuitive are often enlightening (our algorithm always picks up a signal).
Methodology: How and Why We Rank by Influence …
See additional learning tools, study tips, features on campus life and much more at our Student Resources Headquarters.
List of the most influential people
#32251
Joshua Zak
#32263
Overall Influence
1929 - Present (97 years)
Joshua Zak is an Israeli theoretical physicist and writer known for the Zak transform, Zak phase and the Magnetic Translation Group. He received the 2022 Israel Prize and 2014 Wigner medal. Most cited publications Zak J. Berry's phase for energy bands in solids. Physical Review Letters. 1989 Jun 5;62:2747. J. Zak. Magnetic translation group. Physical Review. 1964 Jun 15;134:A1602.Zak J, Moog ER, Liu C, Bader SD. A universal approach to magneto-optics. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 1990 Sep 1;89:107-23 Zak J, Moog ER, Liu C, Bader SD. Magneto-optics of multilayers with arbitrary magnetization directions.
Go to Profile#32252
Philip Dawid
#32264
Overall Influence
1946 - Present (80 years)
Alexander Philip Dawid is Emeritus Professor of Statistics of the University of Cambridge, and a Fellow of Darwin College, Cambridge. He is a leading proponent of Bayesian statistics. Education Dawid was educated at the City of London School, Trinity Hall, Cambridge and Darwin College, Cambridge.
Go to Profile#32253
David Awschalom
#32265
Overall Influence
1956 - Present (70 years)
David D. Awschalom is an American condensed matter experimental physicist. He is best known for his work in spintronics in semiconductors. Awschalom graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign with a B.Sc. in physics. He received a Ph.D. in experimental physics from Cornell University. He is the director of the Chicago Quantum Exchange and a Liew Family Professor in Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering . He previously served as the director of the California Nanosystems Institute and was a professor in the physics depa...
Go to Profile#32254
Tsit Yuen Lam
#32266
Overall Influence
1942 - Present (84 years)
Tsit Yuen Lam is a Hong Kong-American mathematician specializing in algebra, especially ring theory and quadratic forms. Academic career Lam earned his bachelor's degree at the University of Hong Kong in 1963 and his Ph.D. at Columbia University in 1967 under Hyman Bass, with a thesis titled On Grothendieck Groups. Subsequently, he was an instructor at the University of Chicago and since 1968 he has been at the University of California, Berkeley, where he became assistant professor in 1969, associate professor in 1972, and full professor in 1976. He served as assistant department head several times.
Go to Profile#32255
Walter Plowright
#32267
Overall Influence
1923 - 2010 (87 years)
Walter Plowright CMG FRS FRCVS was an English veterinary scientist who devoted his career to the eradication of the cattle plague rinderpest. Plowright received the 1999 World Food Prize for his development of tissue culture rinderpest vaccine , the key element in the quest to eliminate rinderpest. Rinderpest became the first animal disease to be eliminated worldwide.
Go to Profile#32256
Tina Fernandes Botts
#32268
Overall Influence
Tina Fernandes Botts is an American legal scholar and philosophy professor currently teaching at the San Joaquin College of Law. She is known for her work in legal hermeneutics, intersectionality, feminist philosophy, and philosophy of race . Previous posts include Visiting Scholar at Dartmouth College; Visiting Professor of Law at University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law; Assistant Professor of Philosophy at California State University, Fresno; Visiting Assistant Professor of philosophy at Oberlin College; Fellow in Law and Philosophy at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; and A...
Go to Profile#32257
Eddie Murray
#32269
Overall Influence
1956 - Present (70 years)
Eddie Clarence Murray , nicknamed "Steady Eddie", is an American former Major League Baseball first baseman, designated hitter, and coach. Spending most of his MLB career with the Baltimore Orioles, he ranks fourth in team history in both games played and hits. Though Murray never won a Most Valuable Player Award, he finished in the top ten in MVP voting several times. He had 996 runs batted in in the 1980s, more than any other player. After his playing career, Murray coached for the Orioles, Cleveland Indians and Los Angeles Dodgers.
Go to Profile#32258
Uri Rubin
#32270
Overall Influence
1944 - 2021 (77 years)
Uri Rubin was an Israeli academic who was a professor in the Department of Arabic and Islamic Studies at Tel Aviv University. His areas of research were early Islam , Qur'an exegesis , and early Islamic tradition . He authored a number of books on the subjects and also contributed entries to the Encyclopaedia of Islam and other works.
Go to Profile#32259
Jeffrey Robinson
#32271
Overall Influence
1945 - Present (81 years)
Jeffrey Robinson is an American author of 30 books. Early life Born in Long Beach, New York, Robinson is a graduate of Temple University in Philadelphia . While still at school, he wrote for television and radio, including a weekly children's show, and was on the writing staff of The Mike Douglas Show, a nationally televised daily talk show. He continued working in the media during his four-year stint as an officer in the United States Air Force. Charged with running a press and public relations office for five generals at the height of the Vietnam War, he hosted a weekly talk show, scripted ...
Go to Profile#32260
Will Champion
#32272
Overall Influence
1978 - Present (48 years)
William Champion is an English musician and songwriter best known as the drummer and backing vocalist of the rock band Coldplay. Raised in Southampton, he learned a variety of instruments during his childhood, being influenced by Bob Dylan, Tom Waits, Nick Cave and traditional Irish folk. His energetic drumming style is based on prioritising the song's essential elements and he occasionally takes lead vocal duties during live performances.
Go to Profile#32261
Allen B. Downey
#32273
Overall Influence
1967 - Present (59 years)
Allen Benjamin Downey is an American computer scientist who is currently working as a Staff Scientist at DrivenData. He was a former Professor of Computer Science at the Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering.
Go to Profile#32262
Guy Erwin
#32274
Overall Influence
2000 - Present (26 years)
R. Guy Erwin is an American Lutheran bishop. He was elected in 2013 to a six-year term as bishop of the Southwest California Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America . Since August 2020, he has served as president of the United Lutheran Seminary in Philadelphia.
Go to Profile#32263
Jeanne Sinkford
#32275
Overall Influence
1933 - Present (93 years)
Jeanne Craig Sinkford is an American dentist and academic administrator. She was the first female dean of an American dental school. She is a senior scholar in residence at the American Dental Education Association and a professor and dean emeritus at the dental school of Howard University.
Go to Profile#32264
Andrew Blake
#32276
Overall Influence
1956 - Present (70 years)
Andrew Blake FREng, FRS, is a British scientist, former laboratory director of Microsoft Research Cambridge and Microsoft Distinguished Scientist, former director of the Alan Turing Institute, Chair of the Samsung AI Centre in Cambridge, honorary professor at the University of Cambridge, Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge, and a leading researcher in computer vision.
Go to Profile#32265
David A. Kenny
#32277
Overall Influence
1946 - Present (80 years)
David Anthony Kenny is an American social psychologist and Distinguished Professor Emeritus in the Department of Psychological Sciences at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut. He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Among the subjects he has researched are the interpersonal perception, the statistical analysis of data from dyads and groups, as well as mediation analysis. He co-authored a 1986 paper with Reuben M. Baron on mediation analysis that has been highly influential in the years since, with 114,891 citations . He received the American Psychological...
Go to Profile#32266
William Conger
#32278
Overall Influence
1937 - Present (89 years)
William Conger is a Chicago-based, American painter and educator, known for a dynamic, subjective style of abstraction descended from Kandinsky, which consciously employs illogical, illusionistic space and light and ambiguous forms that evoke metaphorical associations. He is a member of the "Allusive Abstractionists," an informal group of Chicago painters self-named in 1981, whose paradoxical styles countered the reductive minimalism that dominated post-1960s art. In 1982, critic Mary Mathews Gedo hailed them as "prescient prophets of the new style of abstraction" that flowered in the 1980s. ...
Go to Profile#32267
Mohammad Sadeqi Tehrani
#32279
Overall Influence
1926 - 2011 (85 years)
Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Sadeqi Tehrani was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and Muhammad Husayn Tabatabaei. He died on March 21, 2011, at the age of 85.
Go to Profile#32268
Jesse Efrem Edwards
#32280
Overall Influence
#32269
Ray Marshall
#32281
Overall Influence
1928 - Present (98 years)
Freddie Ray Marshall is an American economist who is the professor emeritus and Audre and Bernard Rapoport Centennial Chair in Economics and Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. Early life and education Marshall was born in 1928 in Oak Grove, Louisiana and had lived in an orphanage. Marshall joined the United States Navy in 1943 when he was fifteen years old and served during World War II. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Millsaps College, a Master of Arts from Louisiana State University, and a PhD in economics from the University of California, Berkeley in economics. ...
Go to Profile#32270
Mischa Cotlar
#32282
Overall Influence
1913 - 2007 (94 years)
Mischa Cotlar was a mathematician who started his scientific career in Uruguay and worked most of his life on it in Argentina and Venezuela. His contributions to mathematics are in the fields of harmonic analysis, ergodic theory and spectral theory. He introduced the Cotlar–Stein lemma. He was the author or co-author of over 80 articles in refereed journals.
Go to Profile#32271
Alan Lelchuk
#32283
Overall Influence
1938 - Present (88 years)
Alan Lelchuk is an American novelist, professor, and editor from Brooklyn, New York. He received his B.A. in World Literature from Brooklyn College in 1960 and received his M.A. in 1962 and Ph.D. in 1965, both in English and from Stanford University. He completed a Stanford dissertation fellowship at University College London in 1962–63.
Go to Profile#32272
Jimmy Snuka
#32284
Overall Influence
1943 - 2017 (74 years)
James Reiher Snuka was a Fijian and American professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka. Snuka wrestled for several promotions from the 1970s to 2010s. He was best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation in the 1980s to where he was credited with introducing the high-flying wrestling style. He was inducted into the WWF Hall of Fame in 1996, and was the inaugural ECW World Heavyweight Champion in Eastern Championship Wrestling . His children, Sim Snuka and Tamina Snuka, are both professional wrestlers.
Go to Profile#32273
Władysław Andrzej Serczyk
#32285
Overall Influence
1935 - 2014 (79 years)
Władysław Andrzej Serczyk was a Polish historian-Ukrainist. Born in Krakow, he after graduating Jagiellonian University stayed in the university and began his scientific career. In 1963, he received his doctorate and in 1968 Serczyk received his habilitation. Since 1976 he was a professor. In 1974-1978, Serczyk was a director of Jagiellonian Library. In 1986-1996, he headed a branch of University of Warsaw in Bialystok, Institute of History of Eastern Europe .
Go to Profile#32274
Eros Ramazzotti
#32286
Overall Influence
1963 - Present (63 years)
Eros Walter Luciano Ramazzotti is an Italian pop musician, singer and songwriter. He is popular in Italy and most European countries, and throughout the Spanish-speaking world, as he has released most of his albums in both Italian and Spanish.
Go to Profile#32275
Barry Larkin
#32287
Overall Influence
1964 - Present (62 years)
Barry Louis Larkin is an American former professional baseball player. He played shortstop for the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball from 1986 to 2004. He briefly played in the minor leagues before making his MLB debut in 1986. He quickly won the starting shortstop role for the Reds and enjoyed a long run of strong seasons with the team. Larkin struggled with a string of injuries between 1997 and 2003, limiting his playing time in several seasons.
Go to Profile#32276
Deborah J. Bennett
#32288
Overall Influence
Deborah Jo Bennett is an American mathematician, mathematics educator, and book author. She is a professor of mathematics at New Jersey City University. Education and career Bennett is originally from Tuscaloosa, Alabama; her father was a military officer and her mother worked as a computer systems analyst. She majored in mathematics at the University of Alabama, graduating in 1972, and worked as a researcher at the Institute for Defense Analysis and as an operations researcher for the US Government Accountability Office before returning to graduate school for a master's degree in operations ...
Go to Profile#32277
Keith David
#32289
Overall Influence
1956 - Present (70 years)
Keith David Williams is an American actor. He is known for his deep voice and screen presence in over 300 roles across film, stage, television, and interactive media. He has starred in such films as The Thing , Platoon , They Live , Dead Presidents , Armageddon , There's Something About Mary , Requiem for a Dream , Pitch Black , Barbershop , Crash , The Chronicles of Riddick , Cloud Atlas , The Nice Guys , and Nope . He starred as Elroy Patashnik in the sixth season of the NBC series Community and starred as Bishop James Greenleaf in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama Greenleaf .
Go to Profile#32278
Oliver Reed
#32290
Overall Influence
1938 - 1999 (61 years)
Robert Oliver Reed was an English actor. After making his first significant screen appearances in Hammer Horror films in the early 1960s, his notable films include The Trap , playing Bill Sikes in the 1968 Best Picture Oscar winner Oliver! , Women in Love , Hannibal Brooks , The Devils , Athos in The Three Musketeers and The Four Musketeers , the stepfather in Tommy , Funny Bones , and Gladiator .
Go to Profile#32279
Kenneth Morse
#32291
Overall Influence
1946 - Present (80 years)
Kenneth Paul Morse was an early employee at Aspen Technology, Inc., and four other startups. He is the former managing director of the MIT Entrepreneurship Center, and chairman of Entrepreneurship Ventures, Inc. He holds the chair in Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Competitiveness at Delft University of Technology.
Go to Profile#32280
Martin P. Loeb
#32292
Overall Influence
Martin P. Loeb is the Deloitte & Touche Faculty Fellow and Professor of Accounting and Information Assurance at the Robert H. Smith School of Business at the University of Maryland, College Park. Loeb is also an affiliate professor in the University of Maryland Institute of Advanced Computer Studies . Loeb received his Ph.D. from the Managerial Economics and Decision Sciences group at Northwestern University's Kellogg School of Management. He received his BS in mathematics and economics from the State University of New York at Stony Brook.
Go to Profile#32281
Meg Wheatley
#32293
Overall Influence
1941 - Present (85 years)
Margaret Wheatley is an American writer, teacher, speaker, and management consultant who works to create organizations and communities worthy of human habitation. She draws from many disciplines: organizational behavior, chaos theory, living systems science, ancient spiritual traditions, history, sociology, and anthropology.
Go to Profile#32282
Shelly Lundberg
#32294
Overall Influence
1953 - Present (73 years)
Shelly J. Lundberg is an economist and currently holds the positions of Leonard Broom Professor of Demography at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where she serves as Associate Director of the Broom Center for Demography. Lundberg is one of the world's leading population economists.
Go to Profile#32283
James Willard Hurst
#32295
Overall Influence
1910 - 1997 (87 years)
James Willard Hurst is widely credited as the founder of the modern field of American legal history. Educated at Harvard Law School, from which he graduated in 1935, Hurst was a research assistant to Professor Felix Frankfurter, and later a law clerk to Justice Louis Brandeis. Hurst spent most of his professional career as a professor of law at the University of Wisconsin Law School in Madison, Wisconsin. He was Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions at the University of Cambridge in 1967. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1958 and the American Academy of ...
Go to Profile#32284
Jean-Louis Cohen
#32296
Overall Influence
1949 - 2023 (74 years)
Jean-Louis Cohen was a French architect and architectural historian specializing in modern architecture and city planning. Since 1994 he had been the Sheldon H. Solow Professor in the History of Architecture at New York University Institute of Fine Arts.
Go to Profile#32285
Janet Browne
#32297
Overall Influence
1950 - Present (76 years)
Elizabeth Janet Browne is a British historian of science, known especially for her work on the history of 19th-century biology. She taught at the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine, University College, London, before returning to Harvard. She is currently Aramont Professor of the History of Science at Harvard University.
Go to Profile#32286
Nick Kent
#32298
Overall Influence
1951 - Present (75 years)
Nick Kent is a British rock critic best known for his writing for the NME in the 1970s, and his books The Dark Stuff and Apathy for the Devil . Early life Kent, the son of a former Abbey Road Studios sound engineer, began his career as a writer at age 21 in 1972, inspired by Jack Kerouac and Hunter S. Thompson.
Go to Profile#32287
Ulrich Horstmann
#32299
Overall Influence
1949 - Present (77 years)
Ulrich Horstmann is a German literary scholar and writer, who has also written under the pseudonym Klaus Steintal. Life Ulrich Horstmann finished his studies of English and Philosophy in 1974 with a doctoral thesis on Edgar Allan Poe. He was a lecturer at the University of South Africa in Pretoria. After habilitation in 1983 he lectured at the University of Münster until 1987. Since 1991 he has been a professor of English and American literature at the University of Giessen. He lives in Marburg.
Go to Profile#32288
Reese Prosser
#32300
Overall Influence
1927 - 1996 (69 years)
Reese Trego Prosser was an American mathematician. He studied at Harvard University and University of California at Berkeley under John L. Kelley , while working as numerical analyst at Lawrence Radiation Laboratory . He then joined Duke University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology . He also worked at Lincoln Laboratory , among others contributing an early study on routing in packet switching computer networks, before becoming associate professor of mathematics at Dartmouth College and professor . He served as a research associate at Harvard University and at University of Cali...
Go to Profile#32289
Paula Caligiuri
#32301
Overall Influence
Paula Caligiuri is an American academic, talent management specialist, psychologist, book author, and entrepreneur. As a Distinguished Professor of international business and strategy, she is on the faculty at D'Amore-McKim School of Business, Northeastern University. Her published contributions in the field of international human resource management have won academic distinctions, and been endorsed in scholarly literature and in wider professional circles. Among her books, Get a Life, Not a Job, Managing the Global Workforce, Cultural Agility: Building a Pipeline of Successful Global Profes...
Go to Profile#32290
Luisa Accati
#32302
Overall Influence
1942 - Present (84 years)
Luisa Accati Levi is an Italian historian, anthropologist and feminist public intellectual. She taught ethnology and modern history at the University of Trieste. She was born in Turin. After finishing her studies at the University of Turin and in Paris, she turned to the research of the historical anthropology of rural societies in Northern Italy. She has published monographs on the rural religiosity and on witch trials in the region of Friuli, and on family relations in urban and semi-urban communities in 19th century Udine. Her major contributions are in the study of the cult of Mary and it...
Go to Profile#32291
A. Stephen Morse
#32303
Overall Influence
1939 - Present (87 years)
A. Stephen Morse is the Dudley Professor of distributed control and adaptive control in electrical engineering at Yale University. Early life and education Morse was born in Mt. Vernon, New York. He received his B.S. from Cornell University, his M.S. from the University of Arizona, and his Ph.D. from Purdue University.
Go to Profile#32292
Ben Johnson
#32304
Overall Influence
1961 - Present (65 years)
Benjamin Sinclair Johnson, is a Canadian former sprinter. During the 1987–88 season he held the title of the world's fastest man, breaking both the 100m and the 60m indoor World Records. He won the 100 metres at the 1987 World Championships in Athletics; and at the 1988 Summer Olympics, but was disqualified for doping and stripped of the gold medal; and later he also lost most of the other medals he had achieved while being doped - with anabolic steroids . He was the first man who beat 9.9 and 9.8 seconds .
Go to Profile#32293
Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyński
#32305
Overall Influence
1951 - Present (75 years)
Andrzej Piotr Ruszczyński is a Polish-American applied mathematician, noted for his contributions to mathematical optimization, in particular, stochastic programming and risk-averse optimization. Schooling and positions Ruszczyński was born and educated in Poland. In 1969 he won the XX Polish Mathematical Olympiad. After graduating in 1974 with a master's degree from the Department of Electronics, Warsaw University of Technology, he joined the Institute of Automatic Control at this school. In 1977 he received his PhD degree for a dissertation on control of large-scale systems, and in 1983 Habilitation, for a dissertation on nonlinear stochastic programming.
Go to Profile#32294
Arthur Kramer
#32306
Overall Influence
1927 - 2008 (81 years)
Arthur Kramer was the founding partner of law firm Kramer Levin. Family Kramer's relationship with his brother, playwright Larry Kramer, moved into the public sphere with Larry's 1984 play, The Normal Heart. In the play, Larry portrays Arthur as more concerned with building his $2 million house in Connecticut than in helping his brother's cause. Humorist Calvin Trillin, a friend of both Larry and Arthur, once called The Normal Heart "the play about the building of [Arthur's] house." Anemona Hartocollis observed in The New York Times that "their story came to define an era for hundreds of th...
Go to Profile#32295
Aaron L. Mackler
#32307
Overall Influence
Aaron L. Mackler is Associate Professor of Theology at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and an ordained Conservative Rabbi. He is an author in the fields of bioethics and Jewish law. He was editor of Life and Death Responsibilities in Jewish Biomedical Ethics and authored Introduction to Jewish and Catholic Bioethics, part of the Georgetown Press Moral Traditions series.
Go to Profile#32296
David Watt
#32308
Overall Influence
1946 - Present (80 years)
David Anthony Watt is a British computer scientist. Watt is a professor at the University of Glasgow, Scotland. With Peter Mosses he developed action semantics, a combination of denotational semantics, operational and algebraic semantics. He currently teaches a third year programming languages course, and a postgraduate course on algorithms and data structures. He is recognisable around campus for his more formal attire compared to the department's normally casual dress code.
Go to Profile#32297
Robbie Savage
#32309
Overall Influence
1974 - Present (52 years)
Robert William Savage is a Welsh former professional footballer who played as a midfielder, now a football pundit and director of football at club Macclesfield. During his career he played predominantly as a midfielder, starting off as a youth player with Manchester United before joining Crewe Alexandra when released by the Old Trafford club. He became a regular for Leicester City in the late 1990s and early 2000s, and performed a similar role for Birmingham City and Blackburn Rovers. In 2008, he joined Derby County; after a short loan spell with Brighton & Hove Albion later that year, he returned to captain Derby, with whom he finished his playing career.
Go to Profile#32298
Sheppard Frere
#32310
Overall Influence
1916 - 2015 (99 years)
Sheppard Sunderland Frere, CBE, FSA, FBA was a British historian and archaeologist who studied the Roman Empire. He was a fellow at All Souls College, Oxford. Biography The son of Noel Gray Frere, of the Colonial Service, and his wife Agnes , Sheppard "Sam" Frere was born in 1916. He was educated at Lancing College and Magdalene College, Cambridge. He was a master at Epsom College from 1938–41, and became classics master and housemaster at Lancing College from 1945 to 1954, when he was in charge of the excavations at Canterbury during his summer vacations. He made a number of broadcasts about his work at that time.
Go to Profile#32299
Ken Salazar
#32311
Overall Influence
1955 - Present (71 years)
Kenneth Lee Salazar is an American lawyer, politician, and diplomat who is the United States ambassador to Mexico. He previously served as the 50th United States Secretary of the Interior in the administration of President Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013. A member of the Democratic Party, he previously was a United States Senator from Colorado from 2005 to 2009. He and Mel Martínez were the first Hispanic U.S. senators since 1977; they were joined by Bob Menendez in 2006. Prior to his election to the U.S. Senate, he served as Attorney General of Colorado from 1999 to 2005.
Go to Profile#32300
Gottfried Honegger
#32312
Overall Influence
1917 - 2016 (99 years)
Gottfried Honegger was a Swiss artist and graphic designer. He was married to the Swiss illustrator Warja Lavater. He studied shop-window display at the Zurich Kunstgewerbeschule and taught there from 1948. His early work was commercial graphic design.
Go to Profile