The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
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List of the most influential people in History,
#7201
Alfred Wood
1896 - 1968 (72 years)
Alfred Cecil Wood was Professor of Modern History at the University of Nottingham from 1951 to 1960. Life Wood was born on 7 February 1896 and educated at Liverpool College and Jesus College, Oxford. He was a Second Lieutenant in the King's Liverpool Regiment and the Cheshire Regiment during the First World War. He was wounded and left permanently disabled. After the war, he studied at Jesus College, Oxford, obtaining a first-class degree in Modern History in 1921 and a BLitt in 1923. In 1926, he was appointed as a lecturer at University College, Nottingham , rising to Reader in 1946. He...
Go to Profile#7202
Erik Arup
1876 - 1951 (75 years)
Erik Ipsen Arup was a Danish historian and educator. He was most known as the pioneer of radical-liberal history writing in Denmark. Biography Arup was born at Slangerup in Frederikssund Municipality, Denmark. He was the son of the physician Peter Michael Christian Arup and Malvina Cathrine Ipsen . He was raised in a cultured home and was the cousin of Danish-English structural engineer Ove Arup . He was educated as both a theologian and a historian. Arup attended the University of Copenhagen and was awarded his dr.phil. in 1907.
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John Meier
1864 - 1953 (89 years)
John Meier was a German folklorist and philologist. He founded both the and also the Swiss Volksliedarchiv. Meier was born in Vahr, a part of Bremen, and died in Freiburg at the age of 88. Career Meier studied German, Romance and English philology, history and anthropology at the Universities in Freiburg im Breisgau and Tübingen. In 1888 he obtained his doctorate at Freiburg with the Dissertation Researches concerning the poet and the language of the 'Iolande' . In 1891 there followed his formal faculty admission to the University of Halle with the work Studies in the Linguistic and Literar...
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Franz Rühl
1845 - 1915 (70 years)
Franz Rühl was a German historian who published numerous works in the field of classical history. He was a son-in-law to anatomist Jacob Henle. He studied history and philology at the universities of Jena and Marburg, receiving his doctorate in 1867. After graduation, he took a study trip to Italy and worked as a gymnasium teacher in Schleswig. In 1871 he obtained his habilitation at the University of Leipzig, and during the following year relocated to Dorpat, where he subsequently became an associate professor of history. From 1876 onward, he was a professor at the University of Königsberg, ...
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Henryk Zieliński
1920 - 1981 (61 years)
Henryk Zieliński was a Polish historian and professor at the University of Wrocław. Biography After his high-school exit exam he was conscripted, in summer 1938, to the Polish military service as cadet; next year, after the Invasion of Poland he was wounded during the Battle of Bzura. Soon he was imprisoned in a German POW camp, from which he tried to escape three times, finally succeeding in 1944. He moved to Kraków, where he became one of the students of the underground university.
Go to Profile#7206
Hans Svaning
1503 - 1584 (81 years)
Hans Svaning was a Danish historian. Biography Svaning was born at the village of Svaninge on Funen. He attended Vor Frue skole in Copenhagen and the University of Wittenberg graduating in 1529 and in 1533 receiving his master's degree. Between 1541–52, he was the tutor of Prince Frederick, later King Frederick II of Denmark and became a royal historiographer in 1553. In 1539 he became professor of rhetoric at the University of Copenhagen. In 1547, he received the deanery at Ribe. His main work was a complete Danish history in Latin, Danmarkshistorie, which was completed in manuscrip...
Go to Profile#7207
Albert Anton von Muchar
1786 - 1849 (63 years)
Albert Anton von Muchar was an Austrian historian. He was descended from the Muchars of Bied and Rangfeld, studied at the lyceum in Graz, entered the Benedictine Order, and made his vows on 16 October 1808, at Admont. Ordained a priest shortly afterwards, he devoted himself entirely to the study of Middle Eastern languages, became librarian and keeper of the archives in 1813, and later on professor of Greek and Middle Eastern languages at the theological school of his monastery. From 1823 to 1825 he was supplementary professor of Biblical science, becoming afterwards professor of aesthetics an...
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Friedrich August Wilhelm Wenck
1741 - 1810 (69 years)
Friedrich August Wilhelm Wenck was a German historian. His older brother, Helfrich Bernhard Wenck , was also an historian. Beginning in 1760 he studied history at the University of Erlangen, then in 1766–68, he worked as an assistant at the Darmstadt Pädagogium. In 1770 he acquired the academic degree of magister of philosophy, and during the following year, became an associate professor of philosophy at the University of Leipzig. In 1780 he succeeded Johann Gottlob Böhme as professor of history at Leipzig. Within a twenty-year period , on five separate occasions, he served as university rector.
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August Hirsch
1817 - 1894 (77 years)
August Hirsch was a German physician and medical historian. Biography He practiced in Danzig after studying at Berlin and Leipzig. In recognition of his studies on malarial fever and his work, Handbuch der historisch-geographischen Pathologie, he was in 1863 made professor at Berlin. In 1873, he was a member of the German Cholera Commission, studied the conditions of Posen and West Prussia, and published a report . He studied the plague in Astrakhan in 1879 and 1880, and in the latter year wrote a report to his Government.
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Russell L. Caldwell
1904 - 1979 (75 years)
Russell Leon Caldwell was an American historian, educator, and community activist. He was born August 13, 1904, in Farrell, Pennsylvania, and died May 23, 1979, at Daniel Freeman Memorial Hospital in Inglewood, California, due to cardiovascular disease at the age of 74.
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Thomas Frederick Crane
1844 - 1927 (83 years)
Thomas Frederick Crane was an American folklorist, academic and lawyer. He studied law at Princeton, earned his undergraduate degree in 1864, and in 1867 graduated with an A.M. He then studied law at Columbia Law School but moved to Ithaca when a relative there became ill. He was admitted to the bar and worked as a lawyer in the community and as a librarian for newly founded Cornell University. He went on to become a student of languages, and was offered a faculty position by President A.D. White and taught French, Italian, Spanish, and medieval literature. He was among the founders of the Journal of American Folklore.
Go to Profile#7212
Boris Kuznetsov
1903 - 1984 (81 years)
Boris Grigoryevich Kuznetsov was a Soviet philosopher and historian. In 1931, he was appointed Head of the research institute of the energy industry and electrification. In 1936, Boris Kuznetsov became deputy director of the Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology.
Go to Profile#7213
Reidar Thoralf Christiansen
1886 - 1971 (85 years)
Reidar Thoralf Christiansen was a Norwegian folklorist, archivist of the Norwegian Folklore Collection and professor of folkloristics at the University of Oslo. Biography Christiansen studied theology during 1904–1909 and worked as a language teacher for Finnish and Sami for priest sent to Finnmark, but he was not himself ordained as a priest. Instead, he took an interest in folkloristics under the guidance of Moltke Moe . He received a scholarship for a half-year's stay in Finland in 1912, where he studied under Kaarle Krohn . During 1914–1916 he studied in Copenhagen, studying under Axel Olrik .
Go to Profile#7214
Petrus Albinus
1543 - 1598 (55 years)
Petrus Albinus was a professor at Wittenberg in Germany and is known as the father of Saxon historiography. Life Petrus Albinus was born on 18 June 1543 in Schneeberg in the Ore Mountains of central Europe. His father was Peter Weis, who built the Hospital Church in Schneeberg. He was married to Magdalena Hübsch, daughter of a Ratskämmerer and mining entrepreneur, who had moved to Schneeberg from Nuremberg. In keeping with the common practice of the day he Latinized his name to Petrus Albinus. After attending grammar school in Schneeberg and princely school at Meissen, Albinus studied in Leipzig, received his bachelor's degree in 1553 and worked in Lauban.
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William Carr
1862 - 1925 (63 years)
William Carr was a British biographer, historian, magistrate and Deputy Lieutenant for Norfolk, England. Life William Carr was born in Gomersal House, Yorkshire, to William Carr, magistrate and local squire. He was educated, first at Marlborough College, and then in 1882 went to University College, Oxford. His strength was in history where he won the three historical essay prizes: Stanhope ; Lothian ; and Arnold .
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Max Büdinger
1828 - 1902 (74 years)
Max Büdinger was a German historian. He was a professor of general history at the University of Vienna . Bibliography Die Universalhistorie Im Altertume External links Max Büdinger at the Wien Geschichte WikiBüdinger at Deutsche Biographie
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John Lodge
1692 - 1774 (82 years)
John Lodge was an English archivist and historian, best known for his work The Peerage of Ireland, a complete genealogical history of Irish peers. Life Lodge was born into a farming family in Bolton-le-Sands, Lancashire, as the son of a husbandman-farmer, Edmund Lodge. He was educated at a school in Clapham, Yorkshire, under Mr. Ashe, and was admitted sub-sizar of St John's College, Cambridge on 26 June 1716. He graduated B.A. in 1719; was ordained a deacon at Lincoln in 1720 and as a priest at Ely in 1721; then became a schoolteacher at March, Cambridgeshire in 1725, and was awarded his M.A. in 1730.
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Rockwell D. Hunt
1868 - 1966 (98 years)
Rockwell Dennis Hunt was a California historian, a professor at the University of Southern California and the University of the Pacific, and prolific author. He was named Mr. California by Governor Goodwin Knight in 1954.
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Bekir Çoban-zade
1893 - 1937 (44 years)
Bekir Vaap oğlu Çoban-zade was a Crimean Tatar poet and professor of Turkic languages who was one of the victims of the Great Purge. In the midst of a successful academic career, at the age of 44, Çoban-zade was arrested by Soviet authorities for alleged subversive activities against the state and was sentenced to death. His writings have outlived him; his poetry, in particular, continues to enjoy popularity among Crimean Tatars.
Go to Profile#7220
Louis Massebieau
1840 - 1904 (64 years)
Jean Adolphe Massebieau , known as Louis, was a French Protestant historian and theologian. In 1877 he became maître de conférences at the Faculté de théologie protestante de Paris. In 1880 he was named maître de conférences at the École pratique des hautes études . His daughter, Louise Compain, was a feminist author and co-founder of the feminist movement in France in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
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Richard Indreko
1900 - 1961 (61 years)
Richard Indreko was an Estonian historian and archaeologist. He is noted for his research into ancient Estonian history. From 1923-1927 he studied at the University of Tartu and became a lecturer there in 1933. From 1933 to 1937 he led the excavations in Lammasmägi near Kunda and in Asva, Saaremaa. He conducted important research into the Origin and Area of Settlement of the Finno-Ugrian peoples.
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Adriaan Kluit
1735 - 1807 (72 years)
Adriaan Kluit was a Dutch scholar, important in Dutch linguistics. He was born in Dordrecht. He was rector of the Latin school in Alkmaar and Middelburg. In 1779 he became the professor of history at the University of Leiden, remaining there until his death.
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Albano Sorbelli
1875 - 1944 (69 years)
Albano Sorbelli was an Italian historian, bibliographer and librarian. He was the director of the Biblioteca Comunale of the Archiginnasio of Bologna from 1904 until 1943. Biografia A student of Giosuè Carducci and of Pio Carlo Falletti at the University of Bologna, he graduated in Letters and Philosophy in 1898 and later focused on Historical Sciences. In the same university he taught courses on librarianship and bibliography .
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Henry Alcock
1886 - 1948 (62 years)
Henry Alcock was a British historian and academic. He was the first professor of modern history at the University of Queensland and a founding member of the Historical Society of Queensland. Early life Alcock was born in Bath, England in 1888. He attended King Edward VI's school, Bath and Magdalen College, Oxford, graduating with his B.A. with first class honours in modern history in 1908. He took his M.A. in 1911.
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Joseph Hillebrand
1788 - 1871 (83 years)
Joseph Hillebrand was a German novelist, philosopher and historian of literature. Biography He was originally a Catholic, studied at Hildesheim and at Göttingen, and in 1815 entered the priesthood and taught at Hildesheim, but resigned his position on accepting Protestant views. Upon Hegel's departure from the University of Heidelberg in 1818, he was appointed a professor of philosophy there, and in 1822 took a like position at the University of Giessen. He was elected to the lower house of the Hessian chamber in 1847, where he took the side of the liberals and became president in 1848. When ...
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Alexander Robertson MacEwen
1856 - 1916 (60 years)
Alexander R. MacEwen was Scottish writer, minister, professor and Moderator of the United Free Church of Scotland. Life He was born on 14 May 1856 at Edinburgh and was the son of Rev. Alexander MacEwen D.D., and Elisa Robertson. His childhood was spent in Helensburgh and he was then educated at Glasgow Academy . He graduated M.A. at University of Glasgow in 1870, and was subsequently awarded B.D. , and D.D. . He attended Balliol College, Oxford and graduated M.A. in 1874. He spent a summer semester at University of Göttingen in 1877 and attended U.P. College, Edinburgh . On 29 January 1885, he married Margaret Jane Begg of Moffat, and they had two sons.
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Niculae M. Popescu
1881 - 1963 (82 years)
Niculae M. Popescu was a Romanian theologian, historian and priest of the Romanian Orthodox Church. Born in Dâmbovicioara, Dâmbovița County, his father was a priest. He attended Nifon Seminary in Bucharest from 1893 to 1901, and in 1902 took his high school graduating examination at Saint Sava National College. He attended two faculties at the University of Bucharest, theology and literature, obtaining degrees in 1907 and 1908. From 1910 to 1913, Popescu attended courses in history and Byzantine studies at the University of Vienna, taking a doctorate in history in 1913. He served as a deacon ...
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August von Druffel
1841 - 1891 (50 years)
August von Druffel was a German historian. He studied history, economics and military science at the universities of Innsbruck, Göttingen and Berlin, receiving his doctorate in 1862 with a dissertation-thesis on Henry IV and his sons. At the University of Göttingen, he was especially influenced by the teachings of historian Georg Waitz. In 1875, he became an associate member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, gaining a full membership in 1884. In 1885 he was named an honorary professor at the University of Munich.
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Jules Sylvain Zeller
1820 - 1900 (80 years)
Jules Sylvain Zeller was a 19th-century French historian. Life Born in Paris, Zeller became professor of History at the Faculté de Lettres at Aix-en-Provence in 1854. He became teacher at the École normale supérieure in Paris and lecturer at the Académie de Paris at Sorbonne in 1858, professor at École polytechnique in 1863, and was 1876 appointed Inspector General over Higher Education. He was elected a Member of the Académie des Sciences morales et politiques of the Institut de France in 1874 after Jules Michelet. He died in Paris.
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Constantin Erbiceanu
1838 - 1913 (75 years)
Constantin Erbiceanu was a Romanian theologian and historian. Born in Erbiceni, Iași County, his father was the Romanian Orthodox priest Ioan Ionescu. His mother died he was ten, the family was of modest means, and it was only after his 1873 marriage to Aglae Negrescu that Erbiceanu was freed of material cares. He studied at the Veniamin Costache seminary from 1850 to 1858 and the theology and literature faculties of Iași University from 1860 to 1864. From 1865 to 1868, he attended specialty courses in theology at Athens University. He was a professor of general church history and canon law a...
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Herman Merivale
1806 - 1874 (68 years)
Herman Merivale CB was an English civil servant and historian. He was the elder brother of Charles Merivale, and father of the poet Herman Charles Merivale. He was born at Dawlish, Devon to John Herman Merivale and Louisa Heath Drury. He was educated at Harrow School. In 1823 he entered Oriel College, Oxford. In 1825 he became a scholar of Trinity College and also won the Ireland scholarship, and three years later he was elected fellow of Balliol College. He became a member of the Inner Temple and practised on the western circuit, being made in 1841 recorder of Falmouth, Helston and Penza...
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James L. Barker
1880 - 1955 (75 years)
James Louis Barker was an American historian and a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He was alo an educator. Early life Barker's mother, the former Margaret Stalle, was a native of Italy, who was a Waldensian before she joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Barker received his early education in the Weber County School District and the University of Utah . Barker then served as a missionary for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Swiss–Austrian Mission of the LDS Church. After his return from this mission in 1904, he began an extensive study of foreign languages in Europe.
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Giovanni Battista Adriani
1511 - 1579 (68 years)
Giovanni Battista Adriani was an Italian historian. Life He was born on August 11, 1823, in Cherasco, into a patrician Florentine family. His father, Marcello Virgilio Adriani , was a professor of literature, and served as the chancellor of the Republic. In 1838, he joined the Order of Clerics Regular of Somasca and soon became a teacher of philosophy and theology. In 1846-1853, he was a professor of history and geography at Collegio-Convitto di Casale.
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Karl Eduard von Napiersky
1793 - 1864 (71 years)
Karl Eduard von Napiersky was a Latvian clergyman and historian. He studied theology at the University of Dorpat, and from 1814 onward, served as a pastor in the municipality of Neu-Pebalg. From 1829 to 1849 he was director of government schools and gymnasiums in Riga. In 1851 he became a member of the newly established censorship committee in Riga.
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Thomas Greenwood
1790 - 1871 (81 years)
Thomas Greenwood was an English barrister, academic and historian. Life The second son of Thomas Greenwood, a London merchant, he was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, graduating B.A. in 1815 and M.A. in 1831. He entered Gray's Inn on 14 March 1809, and was called to the bar on 24 June 1817.
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Augustin Renaudet
1880 - 1958 (78 years)
Augustin Renaudet was a French historian, and professor of the Collège de France. He was a specialist in humanism in early modern France and Italy. Works Les sources de l'histoire de France aux Archives d'État de Florence, des guerres d'Italie à la Révolution Préréforme et humanisme à Paris pendant les premières guerres d'Italie Le concile gallican de Pise et de Milan Erasme, sa pensée religieuse et son action d'après sa correspondance Les débuts de l'âge moderne: la Renaissance et la Réforme with Henri HauserLa Fin du Moyen Age with othersÉtudes sur l'histoire de l'État prussien de 1714...
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W. P. D. Wightman
1899 - 1983 (84 years)
Dr William Persehouse Delisle Wightman FRSE was a 20th-century British philosophical author. He was President of the British Society for the History of Science. Life He was born on 4 June 1899 in Streatham Hill in London, the son of Charles Wightman, a Birmingham merchant, and his wife, Ellen Lodge. He was educated at Eastbourne College in Sussex. He then studied Sciences at the University of London from 1916, graduating BSc in 1922.
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Tadevos Hakobyan
1917 - 1989 (72 years)
Tadevos Hakobyan was a Soviet Armenian historian and geographer. Biography Hakobyan was born in 1917 in the village of Lernadzor, now in Armenia's southern province of Syunik. In 1940, he graduated from the Faculty of Geography and Geology of Yerevan State University . In 1942–43, he fought in the Eastern Front of World War II. He was the dean of the YSU's Faculty of Geography in 1955–57 and 1963–65. He then served as the chair of that department from 1962 to 1986. Most of his work was focused on the historical geography of Armenia. Together with Stepan Melik-Bakhshyan and Hovhannes Barseghya...
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Albert Krantz
1448 - 1517 (69 years)
Albert Krantz , German historian, was a native of Hamburg. He studied law, theology and history at Rostock and Cologne, and after travelling through western and southern Europe was appointed professor, first of philosophy and subsequently of theology, in the University of Rostock, of which he was rector in 1482.
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Charles Howard Carter
1927 - 1990 (63 years)
Charles Howard Carter was a historian, researcher, author, and professor of History at Tulane University from 1963 to 1990. Carter was born in Baker, Oregon. He studied at Willamette University and the University of Chicago, and ultimately got his degrees from Columbia University under Garrett Mattingly, whose Festschrift he later edited. He graduated B.S. , M.A. , and Ph.D. . He instigated a project to microfilm diplomatic documents from Western Europe for the period 1590-1635 which provided shared access to materials from the British Library, the Public Record Office, the National Archives ...
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Sydney James Butlin
1910 - 1977 (67 years)
Sydney James Christopher Lyon Butlin was an Australian economist and historian. He was born on 20 October 1910 in Eastwood, a suburb of Sydney, the second of six children of Australian-born parents, Thomas Lyon Butlin, an orchard farmer and railway porter and Sara Mary, née Chantler. He is the brother of notable economic historian, Noel George Butlin .
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Marc Bloch
1886 - 1944 (58 years)
Marc Léopold Benjamin Bloch was a French historian. He was a founding member of the Annales School of French social history. Bloch specialised in medieval history and published widely on Medieval France over the course of his career. As an academic, he worked at the University of Strasbourg , the University of Paris , and the University of Montpellier .
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Uno Willers
1911 - 1980 (69 years)
Uno Erik Wilhelm Willers was a Swedish historian and librarian. He served as National Librarian of Sweden from 1952 to 1977. Early life Willers was born on 20 October 1911 in Stockholm, Sweden, the son of Einar Willers, a police judge, and his wife Malin . He passed studentexamen in 1931 and worked at the Karolinska Institute's library from 1931 to 1936. Willers attended the University of Marburg in 1933 and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1936 and studied history and library science in Geneva in 1937 and 1938 and in Berlin from 1938 to 1939 when he earned a Licentiate degree.
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William Bascom
1912 - 1981 (69 years)
William R. Bascom was an award-winning American folklorist, anthropologist, and museum director. He was a specialist in the art and culture of West Africa and the African Diaspora, especially the Yoruba of Nigeria.
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Allan Nevins
1890 - 1971 (81 years)
Joseph Allan Nevins was an American historian and journalist, known for his extensive work on the history of the Civil War and his biographies of such figures as Grover Cleveland, Hamilton Fish, Henry Ford, and John D. Rockefeller, as well as his public service. He was a leading exponent of business history and oral history.
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Merle Curti
1897 - 1996 (99 years)
Merle Eugene Curti was an American progressive historian who influenced peace studies, intellectual history and social history, including by using cliometrics . At Columbia University and for decades at the University of Wisconsin, Curti directed 86 finished Ph.D. dissertations and had a wide range of correspondents. He was known for his commitment to democracy, as well as the Turnerian thesis that social and economic forces shape American life, thought and character.
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Roland Bainton
1894 - 1984 (90 years)
Roland Herbert Bainton was a British-born American Protestant church historian. Life Bainton was born in Ilkeston, Derbyshire, England, and came to the United States in 1902. He received an AB degree from Whitman College, and BD and PhD. degrees from Yale University. He also received a number of honorary degrees including a DD from Meadville Theological Seminary and from Oberlin College, Dr. Theologiae from the University of Marburg, Germany, and LittD from Gettysburg College. A specialist in Reformation history, Bainton was for 42 years Titus Street Professor of ecclesiastical history at Yal...
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Carl Benjamin Boyer
1906 - 1976 (70 years)
Carl Benjamin Boyer was an American historian of sciences, and especially mathematics. Novelist David Foster Wallace called him the "Gibbon of math history". It has been written that he was one of few historians of mathematics of his time to "keep open links with contemporary history of science."
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Lily Ross Taylor
1886 - 1969 (83 years)
Lily Ross Taylor was an American academic and author, who in 1917 became the first female Fellow of the American Academy in Rome. Biography Born in Auburn, Alabama, Lily Ross Taylor developed an interest in Roman studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, earning an A.B. in 1906. She went to Bryn Mawr College as a graduate student that year, and received her Ph.D. in Latin in 1912. Her dissertation advisor was Tenney Frank. From 1912 until 1927, she taught at Vassar, and, in 1917, she became the fourth female Fellow of the American Academy in Rome.
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Lynn Townsend White Jr.
1907 - 1987 (80 years)
Lynn Townsend White Jr. was an American historian. He was a professor of medieval history at Princeton from 1933 to 1937, and at Stanford from 1937 to 1943. He was president of Mills College, Oakland, from 1943 to 1958 and a professor at University of California, Los Angeles from 1958 until 1987. Lynn White helped to found the Society for the History of Technology and was president from 1960 to 1962. He won the Pfizer Award for "Medieval Technology and Social Change" from the History of Science Society and the Leonardo da Vinci medal and Dexter prize from SHOT in 1964 and 1970. He was president of the History of Science Society from 1971 to 1972.
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