The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
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List of the most influential people in History,
#7301
Jacques Godechot
1907 - 1989 (82 years)
Jacques Léon Godechot was a French historian of the French Revolution and a pioneer of Atlantic history. As a frequent and varied contributor to the Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française, he acted as "a mediator, an intermediary between readers of the journal and Anglo-Saxon and Italian historiography of the Revolution". His emphasis on the international dimension of the late-18th- and early-19th-century revolutions was crystallized in the concepts of Atlantic history and 'occidental revolution'. In 1955, Godechot collaborated with the Yale historian Robert Roswell Palmer to present ...
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Gotthard Deutsch
1859 - 1921 (62 years)
Gotthard Deutsch was a scholar of Jewish history. Education Deutsch was born in Dolní Kounice, Moravia, Austria, as Eliezer Deutsch, the son of Bernhard L. Deutsch, a merchant, and Elise Wiener. He always called himself Gotthard, an attempted translation into German of his Jewish given name. Deutsch entered Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau in October 1876. While attending seminary classes, he also enrolled in afternoon classes at the University of Breslau. At the seminary, he was influenced by the noted Jewish historian Heinrich Graetz. Matriculating in 1879 at the University of Vienna, two years later he received his Ph.D.
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Thomas Hearne
1678 - 1735 (57 years)
Thomas Hearne or Hearn was an English diarist and prolific antiquary, particularly remembered for his published editions of many medieval English chronicles and other important historical texts. Life Hearne was born at Littlefield Green in the parish of White Waltham, Berkshire, the son of George Hearn, the parish clerk. Having received his early education from his father, he showed such taste for study that a wealthy neighbour, Francis Cherry of Shottesbrooke , a celebrated nonjuror, interested himself in the boy, and sent him to the school at Bray "on purpose to learn the Latin tongue". Soo...
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Guy Chapman
1889 - 1972 (83 years)
Major Guy Patterson Chapman was an English historian and author. He served in the British army in both world wars. Early life and education Chapman was educated at Westminster School, Christ Church, Oxford and the London School of Economics.
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John Symonds
1730 - 1807 (77 years)
John Symonds was an English academic, who became professor of modern history at the University of Cambridge. Biography Born at Horringer, Suffolk, he was the eldest son of Rev. John Symonds , rector of the parish, by his wife, Mary Spring , daughter of Sir Thomas Spring, 3rd Baronet of Pakenham and Hon. Merelina Jermyn, daughter of Thomas Jermyn, 2nd Baron Jermyn. His younger brother was British Naval Captain Thomas Symonds, who was the father of Admiral Sir William Symonds. John inherited the family estates while his brother went to sea.
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E. J. Rapson
1861 - 1937 (76 years)
Edward James Rapson FBA was a British numismatist, philologist and professor of Sanskrit at the University of Cambridge. He was a fellow of St. John's College. Rapson died following a sudden collapse at dinner at St. John's.
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Christopher Lloyd
1906 - 1986 (80 years)
Charles Christopher Lloyd was a British naval historian, who served as Professor of History at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, 1962–1966. Early life and education The son of E. S. Lloyd CSI, Christopher Lloyd was educated at Marlborough College and Lincoln College, Oxford. In 1938, he married Katherine Brenda Sturge, with whom he had one son and one daughter.
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Mikhail Tikhomirov
1893 - 1965 (72 years)
Mikhail Nikolayevich Tikhomirov was a leading Soviet specialist in medieval Russian paleography. Tikhomirov was born and spent his whole life in Moscow, where he was in charge of the Archaeographic Commission of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR . He was responsible for the Soviet edition of the Full Collection of Russian Chronicles and edited collections of many other medieval documents, including the Russkaya Pravda and Sobornoye Ulozhenie.
Go to Profile#7309
Charles Kendall Adams
1835 - 1902 (67 years)
Charles Kendall Adams was an American educator and historian. He served as the second president of Cornell University from 1885 until 1892, and as president of the University of Wisconsin from 1892 until 1901. At Cornell he established a new law school, built a library, and appointed eminent research professors for the Ivy League school. At Wisconsin, he negotiated ever-increasing appropriations from the state legislature, especially for new buildings such as the library. He was the editor-in-chief of Johnson's Universal Cyclopaedia , and of the successor Universal Cyclopaedia , sometimes r...
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Georg Friedrich Sartorius
1765 - 1828 (63 years)
Georg Friedrich Sartorius was a German research historian, economist and professor at Göttingen University. Biography Sartorius was born in Kassel, where he attended gymnasium. Then he studied theology and also orientalism in Göttingen. Later he changed to history and started working at the Library there. He was appointed as professor in history in 1802. His major work was his monograph Geschichte des Hanseatischen Bundes. published in three volumes 1802–1808. His research on this topic was the first modern work on the Hanseatic League. A second edition prepared by him was published post mortem in 1830.
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David Thomson
1912 - 1970 (58 years)
David Thomson was an English historian who wrote several books about British and European history. Education He was educated at the Monoux School Walthamstow and was then a Scholar of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge from 1931 to 1934 and took first-class honours in both parts of the Historical Tripos. He had a long association with the college and was subsequently a Research Fellow, a Fellow and finally a Master.
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Snorri Sturluson
1179 - 1241 (62 years)
Snorri Sturluson was an Icelandic historian, poet, and politician. He was elected twice as lawspeaker of the Icelandic parliament, the Althing. He is commonly thought to have authored or compiled portions of the Prose Edda, which is a major source for what is today known as Norse mythology, and Heimskringla, a history of the Norse kings that begins with legendary material in Ynglinga saga and moves through to early medieval Scandinavian history. For stylistic and methodological reasons, Snorri is often taken to be the author of Egil's saga. He was assassinated in 1241 by men claiming to be ag...
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Eric Linklater
1899 - 1974 (75 years)
Eric Robert Russell Linklater CBE was a Welsh-born Scottish poet, fiction writer, military historian, and travel writer. For The Wind on the Moon, a children's fantasy novel, he won the 1944 Carnegie Medal from the Library Association for the year's best children's book by a British subject.
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Gustave E. von Grunebaum
1909 - 1972 (63 years)
Gustave Edmund von Grunebaum was an Austrian historian and Arabist. Born in Vienna, Grunebaum received his Ph.D. in Oriental Studies at the University of Vienna in 1931 with a dissertation on classical Arabic poetry. When Nazi Germany absorbed Austria in the Anschluss of 1938, he went to the United States, where he was given a position at the Asia Institute in New York City by Arthur Upham Pope, an eminent authority on Persian art and antiquities who used the institute to help a number of displaced German scholars find work in the United States in the 1930s and 1940s. In 1943, he moved on to the University of Chicago, and was made professor of Arabic in 1949.
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Charles Perry Stacey
1906 - 1989 (83 years)
Colonel Charles Perry Stacey was a Canadian historian and university professor. He served as the official historian of the Canadian Army in the Second World War and published extensively on military and political matters.
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Cyrus Adler
1863 - 1940 (77 years)
Cyrus Adler was an American educator, Jewish religious leader and scholar. Early years Adler was born to merchant and planter Samuel Adler and Sarah Sulzberger in Van Buren, Arkansas on September 13, 1863, but in the next year his parents removed to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and soon he attended the public schools there, and in 1879 he entered the University of Pennsylvania, where graduated in 1883. He afterwards pursued Oriental studies in Johns Hopkins University, was appointed university scholar there in 1884, and was fellow in Semitic languages from 1885 to 1887, when he gained the firs...
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Alexander Brückner
1834 - 1896 (62 years)
Alexander Brückner was a Baltic German historian who specialized in Russian studies. He was the father of geographer Eduard Brückner. He studied history and economics at the universities of Heidelberg, Jena and Berlin, receiving his doctorate in Heidelberg with a dissertation on the history of the Diet of Worms . As a student, his instructors included Johann Gustav Droysen, Ludwig Häusser, Leopold von Ranke and Friedrich von Raumer. From 1861 to 1867 he served as a professor of history at the Imperial Law School in St. Petersburg, and afterwards was a professor of history at the universities ...
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King Zhou of Shang
1105 BC - 1046 BC (59 years)
King Zhou was the pejorative posthumous name given to Di Xin of Shang or King Shou of Shang , the last king of the Shang dynasty of ancient China. He is also called Zhou Xin . In Chinese, his name Zhòu also refers to a horse crupper, the part of a saddle or harness that is most likely to be soiled by the horse. It is not to be confused with the name of the succeeding dynasty, which has a different character and pronunciation .
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Friedrich Baethgen
1890 - 1972 (82 years)
Friedrich Jürgen Baethgen was a German historian born in Greifswald. He specialized in medieval studies and in history of the papacy. He studied history at the Universities of Berlin and Heidelberg, earning his doctorate in 1913 under the guidance of Karl Hampe with a thesis on Pope Innocent III. Afterwards, he was a lecturer and associate professor at Heidelberg, then becoming a professor of history at the University of Königsberg . From 1939 to 1948 he taught classes in Berlin.
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Raphael Mahler
1899 - 1977 (78 years)
Raphael Mahler was a Galician-born Jewish historian who worked in Poland, America, and Israel. Life Mahler was born on August 15, 1899, in Nowy Sącz, Galicia, Austria-Hungary, the son of a scholarly and business family. He attended the Nowy Sącz municipal public school, where he was the only Jewish student, went to the Nowy Sącz yeshiva, and studied with private tutors.
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William Milligan Sloane
1850 - 1928 (78 years)
William Milligan Sloane was an American educator and historian. Career William Milligan Sloane was born in Richmond, Ohio on November 12, 1850. He graduated from Columbia College of Columbia University, where he was a member of the Philolexian Society, in 1868, and afterward was employed as instructor in classics at the Newell School in Pittsburgh until 1872. From 1872 to 1876 he studied at the universities of Berlin and Leipzig. He studied history under Mommsen and Droysen, and much of the time he worked as private secretary to George Bancroft, United States Minister at Berlin. He received a...
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Herbert Dingle
1890 - 1978 (88 years)
Herbert Dingle was an English physicist and philosopher of science, who served as president of the Royal Astronomical Society from 1951 to 1953. He is best known for his opposition to Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity and the protracted controversy that this provoked.
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Alcée Fortier
1856 - 1914 (58 years)
Alcée Fortier was a renowned Professor of Romance Languages at Tulane University in New Orleans. In the late 19th and early 20th century, he published numerous works on language, literature, Louisiana history and folklore, Louisiana Creole languages, and personal reminiscence. He had French Creole ancestry dating to the colonial period.
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Alois Vojtěch Šembera
1807 - 1882 (75 years)
Alois Vojtěch Šembera, also Alois Adalbert Sembera or Alois Adalbert Schembera was a Czech linguist, historian of literature, writer, journalist and patriot. Life and work He was born in Vysoké Mýto, Bohemia, Austrian Empire. During 1819–1826 he studied at the gymnasium in Litomyšl, during 1826/27 philology at the Charles University in Prague and then law at the same university .
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Harry Bresslau
1848 - 1926 (78 years)
Harry Bresslau was a German historian and scholar of state papers and of historical and literary muniments . He was born in Dannenberg/Elbe and died in Heidelberg. He is the father of Ernst Bresslau and his daughter, Helene married the polymath, Albert Schweitzer.
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Xu Fuguan
1904 - 1982 (78 years)
Hsu Fu-kuan or Xu Fuguan ; 1902/03 – 1982 Biography Xu was born in 1902 or 1903 in a family of farmers and scholars in Hubei Province, China. Hsu's father taught at a private school established for village children who showed academic promise and could sit the imperial examinations to become scholar officials. In his teen-age years, Xu made his way to the provincial capital Wuhan which was then the cultural center where foreign influences and trends abounded. Wuhan was also an important staging area for the 1911 Republican Revolution that ended China's 2000-year-old imperial rule. Xu spent fifteen years with the Nationalist army attaining the rank of senior colonel.
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William Dodd
1869 - 1940 (71 years)
William Edward Dodd was an American historian, author and diplomat. A liberal Democrat, he served as the United States Ambassador to Germany from 1933 to 1937 during the Nazi era. Initially a holder of the slightly antisemitic notions of his times, he went to Germany with instructions from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to do what he could to protest Nazi treatment of Jews in Germany "unofficially," while also attempting to follow official State Department instructions to maintain cordial official diplomatic relations. Convinced from firsthand observation that the Nazis were an increasing t...
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Anne Hyde
1637 - 1671 (34 years)
Anne Hyde was the first wife of James, Duke of York, who later became King James II and VII. Anne was the daughter of a member of the English gentry—Edward Hyde —and met her future husband when they were both living in exile in the Netherlands. She married James in 1660 and two months later gave birth to the couple's first child, who had been conceived out of wedlock. Some observers disapproved of the marriage, but James's brother, King Charles II of England, wanted the marriage to take place. Another cause of disapproval was the public affection James showed toward Anne. They had eight child...
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Nugroho Notosusanto
1930 - 1985 (55 years)
Brigadier General Raden Panji Nugroho Notosusanto was an Indonesian short story writer turned military historian who served as professor of history at the University of Indonesia. Born to a noble family in Central Java, he exhibited a high degree of nationalism from a young age. During the Indonesian National Revolution from 1945 to 1949 he saw active service as a member of the Student Army, working reconnaissance. Despite wanting to remain in the military, under influence by his father he continued his education, eventually enrolling in the faculty of literature at the University of Indonesia.
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Walter Muir Whitehill
1905 - 1978 (73 years)
Walter Muir Whitehill was an American writer, historian, medievalist, preservationist, and the Director and Librarian of the Boston Athenaeum from 1946 to 1973. He was also editor for publications of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts from 1946 to 1978. From 1951 to 1972, Whitehill was a professor at Harvard University.
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Archibald Cary Coolidge
1866 - 1928 (62 years)
Archibald Cary Coolidge was an American educator and diplomat. He was a professor of history at Harvard College from 1908 and the first director of the Harvard University Library from 1910 until his death. Coolidge was also a scholar in international affairs, a planner of the Widener Library, a member of the United States Foreign Service, and editor-in-chief of the policy journal Foreign Affairs.
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Dorothy Stimson
1890 - 1988 (98 years)
Dorothy Stimson was an American academic. She served as the dean of Goucher College from 1921 to 1947 and was a professor of history at the college until 1955. Stimson served as the president of the History of Science Society between 1953 and 1957. Her research included the reception of the Copernican theory. She also edited a collection of papers by George Sarton, considered to be the founder of the discipline of the history of science.
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Patrick Weston Joyce
1827 - 1914 (87 years)
Patrick Weston "P. W." Joyce was an Irish historian, writer and music collector, known particularly for his research in Irish etymology and local place names of Ireland. Biography He was born in Ballyorgan in the Ballyhoura Mountains, on the borders of counties Limerick and Cork in Ireland, and grew up in nearby Glenosheen. The family claimed descent from one Seán Mór Seoighe , a stonemason from Connemara, County Galway.
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Herbert Grundmann
1902 - 1970 (68 years)
Herbert Grundmann was a German historian, soldier and professor who was the editorial director of the Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Education Grundmann was born in 1902 in Meerane, Saxony, and grew up in Chemnitz, Saxony. After graduating from high school in 1921, he enrolled in the University of Leipzig. He first majored in political economy, thinking he would take over his father's factory. After several exchange semesters at Heidelberg and Munich, he decided to specialize in medieval history. He wrote his dissertation under Walter Goetz in Leipzig, the topic being Joachim of Fiore. Grun...
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Konstantin Nevolin
1806 - 1855 (49 years)
Konstantin Alekseevich Nevolin was a Russian legal historian. Academic career He started his academic career as a professor of law in Berlin in 1829. In 1834 he returned to Kiev after he was appointed rector of the newly founded University of Kiev. Later he also served as a professor of law at Saint Petersburg State University from 1843.
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Douglas Hyde
1860 - 1949 (89 years)
Douglas Ross Hyde , known as , was an Irish academic, linguist, scholar of the Irish language, politician and diplomat who served as the first President of Ireland from June 1938 to June 1945. He was a leading figure in the Gaelic revival, and the first President of the Gaelic League, one of the most influential cultural organisations in Ireland at the time.
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Wilbur Henry Siebert
1866 - 1961 (95 years)
Wilbur Henry Siebert was an educator and historian from the United States. Biography Wilbur Henry Siebert was born in Columbus, Ohio on August 30, 1866. His father had emigrated from Frankfurt, Germany in 1832. The son graduated from Ohio State University in 1888, from Harvard in 1889 and received his A.M. at Harvard in 1890. He studied in Germany from 1890 to 1891.
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Samuel Daniel
1562 - 1619 (57 years)
Samuel Daniel was an English poet, playwright and historian in the late-Elizabethan and early-Jacobean eras. He was an innovator in a wide range of literary genres. His best-known works are the sonnet cycle Delia, the epic poem The Civil Wars Between the Houses of Lancaster and York, the dialogue in verse Musophilus, and the essay on English poetry A Defense of Rhyme. He was considered one of the preeminent authors of his time and his works had a significant influence on contemporary writers, including William Shakespeare. Daniel's writings continued to influence authors for centuries after his death, especially the Romantic poets Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Wordsworth.
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T. S. R. Boase
1898 - 1974 (76 years)
Thomas Sherrer Ross Boase was a British art historian, university teacher, and Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University. Early life and education Thomas Boase was born in Dundee, Scotland, to Charles Millet Boase , operator of a bleaching mill at Claverhouse, outside Dundee, of which the Boase family were part-owners, and his wife Anne. Boase was educated at a day preparatory school and then at Rugby School in England .
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W. A. B. Coolidge
1850 - 1926 (76 years)
William Augustus Brevoort Coolidge was an American historian, theologian and mountaineer. Life Coolidge was born in New York City as the son of Frederic William Skinner Coolidge, a Boston merchant, and Elisabeth Neville Brevoort, sister of James Carson Brevoort and Meta Brevoort. He studied history and law at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire, at Elizabeth College, Guernsey, and at Exeter College, Oxford. In 1875, he became a Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford. From 1880 to 1881 he was professor of British history at Saint David's College in Lampeter and in 1883 he became a priest o...
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Johannes Haller
1865 - 1947 (82 years)
Johannes Haller was a Baltic German medievalist and teacher at the universities of Tübingen, Marburg and Giessen. Haller was born in Käina and studied history in Tartu and at the Frederick William University in Berlin. He was expert in the field of the history of Christianity. He died in Tübingen.
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Karl Wilhelm Nitzsch
1818 - 1880 (62 years)
Karl Wilhelm Nitzsch was a German historian known for his studies of ancient Rome and medieval Germany. He was the son of classical philologist Gregor Wilhelm Nitzsch . In 1842 he received his doctorate from the University of Kiel with a dissertation involving the Greek historian Polybius. Following graduation, he took an extended study trip to Italy . In 1848 he became an associate professor at Kiel, where in 1858 he was named a full professor of history. Later, he was a professor of history at the Universities of Königsberg and Berlin .
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James II of Aragon
1267 - 1327 (60 years)
James II , called the Just, was the King of Aragon and Valencia and Count of Barcelona from 1291 to 1327. He was also the King of Sicily from 1285 to 1295 and the King of Majorca from 1291 to 1298. From 1297 he was nominally the King of Sardinia and Corsica, but he only acquired the island of Sardinia by conquest in 1324. His full title for the last three decades of his reign was "James, by the grace of God, king of Aragon, Valencia, Sardinia and Corsica, and count of Barcelona" .
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Alfonso II of Aragon
1157 - 1196 (39 years)
Alfonso II , called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and, as Alfons I, the Count of Barcelona from 1164 until his death. The eldest son of Count Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and Queen Petronilla of Aragon, he was the first King of Aragon who was also Count of Barcelona. He was also Count of Provence, which he conquered from Douce II, from 1166 until 1173, when he ceded it to his brother, Ramon Berenguer III. His reign has been characterised by nationalistic and nostalgic Catalan historians as l'engrandiment occitànic or "the Pyrenean unity": a great scheme to unite vario...
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Ernst Dümmler
1830 - 1902 (72 years)
Ernst Ludwig Dümmler was a German historian. Biography Ernst Ludwig was born in Berlin, the son of , a Berlin bookseller. He studied law, classical philology and history, among other things, at Bonn under Johann Wilhelm Löbell, and in Berlin, where his influences were Leopold von Ranke and Wilhelm Wattenbach. His doctorate dissertation, De Arnulfo Francorum rege , was a notable essay among historians.
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Moltke Moe
1859 - 1913 (54 years)
Moltke Moe was a Norwegian folklorist. Biography Ingebret Moltke Moe was born in Krødsherad, Buskerud County, Norway. He was the son of Church of Norway Bishop Jørgen Moe. After school graduation in 1876 he began to study theology, but eventually he was attracted more by folklore and religious history. From the time he was 18 years old, he collected folklore, particularly in Telemark.
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François Louis Ganshof
1895 - 1980 (85 years)
François Louis Ganshof was a Belgian medievalist. After studies at the Athénée Royal, he attended the University of Ghent, where he came under the influence of Henri Pirenne. After studies with Ferdinand Lot, he practiced law for a period, before returning to the University of Ghent. Here he succeeded Pirenne in 1930 as professor of medieval history, after Pirenne left the university as a result of the enforcement of Dutch as language of instruction. He remained there until his retirement in 1961.
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Jean Maitron
1910 - 1987 (77 years)
Jean Maitron was a French historian specialist of the labour movement. A pioneer of such historical studies in France, he introduced it to University and gave it its archives base, by creating in 1949 the Centre d'histoire du syndicalisme in the Sorbonne, which received important archives from activists such as Paul Delesalle, Émile Armand, Pierre Monatte, and others. He was the Center's secretary until 1969.
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Bertrand Gille
1920 - 1980 (60 years)
Bertrand Gille was a French archivist and historian of technology. Although best known for his work on technology, Gille also wrote on diverse subjects including the history of French banking and Russian economics. After teaching at the university of Clermont-Ferrand, he became a director of studies at the École pratique des hautes études, as well as giving a course on the history of technology at the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne.
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Yu Pingbo
1900 - 1990 (90 years)
Yu Pingbo , original name Yu Mingheng and courtesy name Pingbo , was a Chinese essayist, poet, historian, redologist, and literary critic. Early life Yu Pingbo's ancestry can be traced to Deqing, Zhejiang. His pet name as a child was Sengbao . He was a descendant of Yu Yue, a renowned scholar during the late Qing period, and Yu Pingbo was trained in the Chinese classics from an early age. In 1915, he qualified by examination for a preparatory course at Peking University, where he became one of Hu Shih's most prominent students. In 1917, he married Xu Baoxun , a gifted female scholar from Hangzhou, and then commenced composing melodies for Kunqu operas.
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