The Most Influential People Across History
Find the most influential people in 24 academic disciplines and numerous subdisciplines
Find famous and important people related to your research. This is an excellent tool for research papers, topic papers, and building a bibliography. Using our influence-based algorithm, our rankings synthesize data from Wikipedia, Wikidata, Semantic Scholar, and CrossRef.
Students and researchers now have a fast and reliable way to find influential thinkers from 24 disciplines and 300 sub-disciplines (and growing). If you want to find history’s most influential philsosophers, or the world’s most influential mathematicians currently, now you can.
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List of the most influential people in Literature,
#8651
Richard T. Sullivan
1908 - 1981 (73 years)
Richard T. Sullivan was a novelist, short-story writer, and member of the faculty of the University of Notre Dame. His novels and short story collections include The World of Idella May, The Three Kings, Summer After Summer, The Dark Continent, and First Citizen. He wrote numerous book reviews for The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune. He was a popular teacher at Notre Dame.
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Johann Major
1533 - 1600 (67 years)
Johann Major was a German Protestant theologian, humanist and poet. Life Major was born in Sankt Joachimsthal in the Kingdom of Bohemia. He matriculated in 1549 at the University of Wittenberg, and died in Zerbst.
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Jakob Schipper
1842 - 1915 (73 years)
Jakob Markus Schipper was a German-Austrian philologist and English scholar . Biography He was the son of a farmer. He studied modern languages in Bonn, Paris, Rome, and Oxford, collaborated on the revision of Bosworth's Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, and was professor of English philology at Königsberg from 1872 until 1877, when he received a like position in Vienna. There he was elected to the Academy of Sciences in 1887. He was rector of the University of Vienna 1901–02, and retired in 1913.
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Adolf Wilhelm
1864 - 1950 (86 years)
Adolf Wilhelm was an Austrian classical philologist and epigrapher. From 1882 to 1886 he studied classical philology at the University of Graz, and from 1889 to 1892, conducted research in Greece and Asia Minor. In 1894 he obtained his habilitation at the University of Vienna, where from 1905 to 1933 he taught classes as a professor of ancient Greek philology and epigraphy.
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Frances Garnet Wolseley, 2nd Viscountess Wolseley
1872 - 1936 (64 years)
Frances Garnet Wolseley, 2nd Viscountess Wolseley was an English gardening author and instructor. Her Glynde College for Lady Gardeners in East Sussex had the patronage of famous gardening names such as Gertrude Jekyll, Ellen Willmott, and William Robinson.
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Ernst Stadler
1883 - 1914 (31 years)
Ernst Stadler was a German Expressionist poet. He was born in Colmar, Alsace-Lorraine and educated in Strasbourg and Oxford; in 1906 he was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to study at Magdalen College, Oxford.
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Johannes Østrup
1867 - 1938 (71 years)
Johannes Elith Østrup was a Danish philologist and professor at the University of Copenhagen where he served as rector from 1934 to 1935. In 1893, after a study tour in the Middle East, he rode on horseback back to Copenhagen, crossing much of Asia Minor and continental Europe.
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John Duncan Spaeth
1868 - 1954 (86 years)
John Duncan Ernst Spaeth was an American philologist. A professor of English at Princeton University and later President of the University of Kansas, Spaeth was considered one of the foremost authorities on William Shakespeare in the United States.
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Sofija Kymantaitė-Čiurlionienė
1886 - 1958 (72 years)
Sofija Čiurlionienė née Kymantaitė was a Lithuanian writer, educator, and activist. After studies at girls' gymnasiums in Saint Petersburg and Riga, she studied philosophy, literature, art history at the and Jagiellonian University. She returned to Lithuania in 1907 and joined the cultural life of Vilnius. In January 1909, she married painter and composer Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, but he died in April 1911 leaving her with an infant daughter. Until the start of World War I, she taught Lithuanian language and literature at teachers' courses established by the Saulė Society in Kaunas. She lectured at the Vytautas Magnus University from 1925 to her retirement in 1938.
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William Cranston Lawton
1853 - 1941 (88 years)
William Cranston Lawton was an American author and educator. He graduated from Harvard in 1873; studied at Berlin in 1882–83, the year before having been a member of the Assos expedition; from 1895 to 1907 was professor of Greek language and literature in Adelphi College, Brooklyn.
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Tjan Tjoe Som
1903 - 1969 (66 years)
Tjan Tjoe Som was an Indonesian Chinese intellectual and sinologist at the University of Indonesia. Early life Tjan was the son of a prominent Muslim Chinese family in Surakarta, Dutch East Indies. His first education was in the local HCS and then in the AMS in Yogyakarta.
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Zola Helen Ross
1912 - 1989 (77 years)
Zola Helen Ross was a Pacific Northwest writer. She also taught writing and co-founded the Pacific Northwest Writers Association with Lucile Saunders McDonald of The Seattle Times. She wrote in various genres, including adventure, children's fiction, crime, mystery, and suspense. She was also the author of several Western historical novels; her male counterpart was Louis L'Amour. The Pacific Northwest and the Great Basin are the settings for her stories, and they include the towns of Reno, San Francisco, and Seattle. Ross occasionally wrote under the pseudonyms Helen Arre and Bert Iles. She ...
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Varvara Adrianova-Peretz
1888 - 1972 (84 years)
Professor Varvara Pavlovna Adrianova-Peretz was a Soviet and Russian philologist and medievalist specializing in Old Russian literature, folklore, and hagiography. She was a corresponding member of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences and of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union .
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Jasobanta Dasa
1487 - Present (539 years)
Jasobanta Dasa was an Odia poet, litterateur and mystic. He was one of the five great poets in Odia literature, the Panchasakha during the Bhakti age of literature. He is known for his work Prema Bhakti Brahma Gita.
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Lü Liuliang
1629 - 1683 (54 years)
Lü Liuliang was a Han Chinese poet and author from Tongxiang, Zhejiang province. He was born under the Ming dynasty but died under the Manchu Qing dynasty. Career In 1647 one of his nephews was executed for anti-Qing activity. Lü took active part in the anti-Manchu military movement that followed the fall of the Ming in 1644. After the failure of the Ming loyalist movement, he became a hermit and a physician. He refused to serve the new dynasty, despite frequent requests, because he argued that upholding the difference between Hua and barbarians was more important than respecting the righteou...
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Kalonymus ben Kalonymus
1286 - Present (740 years)
Kalonymus ben Kalonymus ben Meir , also romanized as Qalonymos ben Qalonymos or Calonym ben Calonym, also known as Maestro Calo was a Jewish philosopher and translator from the Hachmei Provence of Provence, France. Kalonymus studied philosophy and rabbinical literature at Salon-de-Provence under the direction of Abba Mari ben Eligdor and Moses ben Solomon of Beaucaire. Kalonymus also studied medicine, but seems not to have practiced it.
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Joseph Anstice
1808 - 1836 (28 years)
Joseph Anstice was an English classical scholar, and for four years professor of classical literature in King's College London. Biography Anstice born at Madeley Wood Hall, Madeley, Shropshire, second son of William Anstice, a local mine owner. He was educated at a private school at Enmore, Somerset, and at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford , taking his BA on 3 February 1831, and M.A. on 2 April 1835. In 1831 he was appointed professor of classical literature in King's College, London, a post which he resigned in 1835 from ill-health. He died on 29 February 1836 at Torquay.
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Cino da Pistoia
1270 - 1336 (66 years)
Cino da Pistoia was an Italian jurist and poet. He was the university teacher of Bartolus de Saxoferrato and a friend and intellectual influence on Dante Alighieri. Life Cino was born in Pistoia, Tuscany. His full name was Guittoncino dei Sinibaldi or, Latinised, Cinus de Sighibuldis. His father was a nobleman from the House of Sinibaldi.
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Maria Timpanaro Cardini
1890 - 1978 (88 years)
Maria Timpanaro Cardini , born Maria Cardini, was an Italian philologist who studied the history of ancient philosophy and history of science. Biography Cardini was born in Arezzo on August 24, 1890. She received her degree in Greek philology in Naples in 1914. She traveled briefly to Berlin to study with Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff and Hermann Diels. Cardini was active for several years as a dadaist poet. She was friends with, among others, Tristan Tzara, but abandoned poetic practice in 1920.
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Mary Vivian Hughes
1866 - 1956 (90 years)
Mary Vivian Hughes , usually known as Molly Hughes and published under M. V. Hughes, was a British educator and author. Life The daughter of a London stockbroker, she was born Mary Thomas and passed most of her childhood in Canonbury, under the watchful eyes of four older brothers. Her father, a modestly successful stockbroker, was discovered dead on a train line in 1879. His death remains a mystery. She attended the North London Collegiate School and the Cambridge Training College for Women, and was later awarded her BA in London.
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Carl Nipperdey
1821 - 1875 (54 years)
Carl Ludwig Nipperdey, also Karl Ludwig Nipperdey was a German classical philologist. Life Carl Nipperdey was born as the son of the painter Heinrich Nipperdey in Schwerin. He initially received private lessons, mainly in Latin, and from 1834 attended the . In 1840 he began studying philology in Leipzig with Moriz Haupt and Gottfried Hermann, among others, which he continued from 1843 at the University of Berlin, among others with Karl Lachmann . He received his doctorate in Berlin in 1846 with the thesis De supplementis commentariorum C. Julii Caesaris and then worked as a private scholar in Leipzig.
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Hasan Shaheed Suhrawardy
1890 - 1965 (75 years)
Hasan Shahid Suhrawardy , also known as Shahid Suhrawardy was a Bengali diplomat, translator, poet and art critic. Family and education Shahid Suhrawardy's father, Sir Zahid Suhrawardy, was a Justice of the Calcutta High Court and his younger brother Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy was a politician and 5th Prime Minister of Pakistan. Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah, his first cousin, was an intellectual and diplomat.
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Barbu Solacolu
1897 - 1976 (79 years)
Barbu Solacolu was a Romanian poet, translator, civil servant and social scientist. Born into a prosperous and intellectual family, he became a late affiliate of the Symbolist movement, bringing to it his own leftist sympathies and agrarianism. Despite spending the early stages of World War I among non-interventionists such as Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești and Ioan Slavici, he eventually servd with distinctions as a cavalry commander, and also participated in the Hungarian–Romanian War. Solacolu trained as an economist in Weimar Germany, returning to serve the Romanian state as a civil servant. He...
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Louis Johnson
1924 - 1988 (64 years)
Louis Albert Johnson was a New Zealand poet. Life He graduated from Wellington Teachers’ Training College. From 1968 to 1980, Johnson lived overseas and traveled widely, with an extended stay in Papua New Guinea.
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John Meiklejohn
1836 - 1902 (66 years)
John Miller Dow Meiklejohn was a Scottish academic, journalist and author known for writing school books. Life Born in Edinburgh on 11 July 1836, he was son of John Meiklejohn, an Edinburgh schoolmaster, and was educated at his father's private school at 7 St. Anthony Place, Port Hopetoun. He graduated with an MA from the University of Edinburgh on 21 April 1858, when he was the gold medallist in Latin. At an early age he devoted himself to German philosophy, and became a private schoolmaster, first in the Lake District and then in Orme Square and York Place, London. He also lectured and took...
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Alexander Murray
1775 - 1813 (38 years)
Alexander Murray FRSE FSA was a Scottish minister, philologist, linguist and professor of Hebrew and Semitic languages at Edinburgh University . Life Murray was born on 22 October 1775, at Dunkitterick, Kirkcudbrightshire, where his father, Robert Murray, was a shepherd and farm labourer. His first language was Galwegian Gaelic.
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Alexander Crombie
1762 - 1840 (78 years)
Alexander Crombie FRS was a Scottish Presbyterian minister, schoolmaster and philosopher. Biography He was born in Aberdeen on 17 July 1760, the son of Thomas Crombie. He studied at Marischal College. There he was taught divinity by James Beattie, gaining a M.A. in 1778. In 1794 his college awarded him an honorary doctorate .
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David Gray
1838 - 1861 (23 years)
David Gray was a Scottish poet, from Merkland, Kirkintilloch. He died in his hometown aged 23. His friend and fellow poet Robert Buchanan wrote his biography in 1900. Life The son of a handloom weaver, Gray was born at Merkland, by Kirkintilloch, Dunbartonshire. His parents resolved to educate him for the Free Kirk, and through their self-denial and his own exertions as a pupil teacher and private tutor he was able to complete a course of four sessions at the university of Glasgow. He began to write poetry for Glasgow Evening Citizen and began his idyll on the Luggie, the little stream that ran through Merkland.
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Joseph Bickersteth Mayor
1828 - 1916 (88 years)
Rev. Joseph Bickersteth Mayor was an English professor, classical scholar, and Anglican clergyman. Early life and education Mayor was born in Cape Colony while his parents returned from Ceylon. He was the fourth son and eighth child of twelve born to Rev. Robert Mayor and Charlotte Bickersteth . His mother came from the prominent Bickersteth family and was the sister of Henry Bickersteth, 1st Baron Langdale and Rev. Edward Bickersteth. John E. B. Mayor was his elder brother.
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Eduard Heyck
1862 - 1941 (79 years)
Eduard Heyck was a German cultural historian, editor, writer and poet. Family Eduard Karl Heinrich Berthold Heyck was born at Doberan, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, the son of the retired garden center owner Eduard Heyck . He was a son-in-law of the writer and poet Wilhelm Jensen and the father of Hans Heyck and Prof. Dr. med. Hartwig Heyck . His first wife, Maina Heyck-Jensen , was a painter and occasional writer. Eduard Heyck studied comparative philology, history and art history at Leipzig, Jena and Heidelberg. After a PhD. thesis judged "summa cum laude" entitled "Genua und seine Marine im Zeitalter der Kreuzzüge" Heyck was appointed "Dozent", i.e.
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Pierre Beauchamp
1631 - 1705 (74 years)
Pierre Beauchamp or Beauchamps was a French choreographer, dancer and composer, and the probable inventor of Beauchamp–Feuillet notation. His grand-father was called Christophe and his father, a violinist of the king's chamber, was simply called Louis. Following a custom of the time, Pierre Beauchamp was named Pierre after his godfather Pierre Vacherot, tailor of the queen's pages and a relative of the Beauchamps family.
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Thomas Overbury
1581 - 1613 (32 years)
Sir Thomas Overbury was an English poet and essayist, also known for being the victim of a murder which led to a scandalous trial. His poem A Wife , which depicted the virtues that a young man should demand of a woman, played a large role in the events that precipitated his murder.
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John Morgan
1688 - 1733 (45 years)
John Morgan was a Welsh clergyman, scholar and poet. Life Morgan was born at Llangelynnin, Merionethshire, the younger son of the local curate. He studied at Jesus College, Oxford, from 1704 to 1708, and is thought to have been influenced by Edward Lhuyd, the antiquary, whilst he was there. He was ordained in 1709 and spent a year as curate of Llandegfan, Anglesey. From 1710 to 1713, he was curate of Llanfyllin, Montgomeryshire, before becoming curate and then vicar of Matching, Essex, a position he held until his death in February 1733 or 1734. This led to his commonly being known as John Morgan Matchin.
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Vasa Stajić
1878 - 1947 (69 years)
Vasa Stajić was a Serbian writer and philosopher. He was born in Mokrin in 1878, and died in Novi Sad in 1947 where he spent most of his life. He was secretary of the Serbian Cultural Society from 1920-1922 and its president twice . A statue of him appears in front of the Serbian Cultural Society.
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John Philip Kemble
1757 - 1823 (66 years)
John Philip Kemble was a British actor. He was born into a theatrical family as the eldest son of Roger Kemble, actor-manager of a touring troupe. His elder sister Sarah Siddons achieved fame with him on the stage of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. His other siblings, Charles Kemble, Stephen Kemble, Ann Hatton, and Elizabeth Whitlock, also enjoyed success on the stage.
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Stephan von Breuning
1774 - 1827 (53 years)
Stephan von Breuning was a German civil servant and librettist. He was Ludwig van Beethoven's lifelong friend, from his childhood in Bonn when receiving music lessons until acting as executor in Vienna.
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John Fox Jr.
1862 - 1919 (57 years)
John Fox Jr. was an American journalist, novelist, and short story writer. Biography Born in Stony Point, Kentucky, to John William Fox Sr. and Minerva Worth Carr, Fox studied English at Harvard University. He graduated in 1883 before becoming a reporter in New York City. After working for both New York Times and the New York Sun, he published a successful serialization of his first novel, A Mountain Europa, in Century magazine in 1892. Two moderately successful short story collections followed, as well as his first conventional novel, The Kentuckians in 1898. Fox gained a following as a war...
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Bernhard Meyer
1767 - 1836 (69 years)
Bernhard Meyer was a German physician and naturalist. Meyer was the joint author, with Philipp Gottfried Gaertner and Johannes Scherbius of Oekonomisch-technische Flora der Wetterau , which was the source of the scientific name of many plants. He was also the joint author, with Johann Wolf, of Naturgeschichte der Vögel Deutschlands
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Charles Burney
1757 - 1817 (60 years)
Charles Burney FRS was an English classical scholar, schoolmaster, clergyman and chaplain to George III. He kept a school for boys in Hammersmith and later Greenwich. Family and education A native of London, he was the son of Charles Burney, a music historian, and his first wife, Esther Sleepe. He was a brother of the novelist and diarist Fanny Burney and the explorer James Burney, and a half-brother of the novelist Sarah Burney.
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Paul Stapfer
1840 - 1917 (77 years)
Paul Stapfer was a French essayist, born in Paris, and educated at the Bonaparte Lyceum. After serving as tutor in the family of François Guizot, he became a professor at Grenoble. In 1883, he accepted a similar professorship at Bordeaux. Stapfer's essays are remarkable for their clarity of style, perfection of finish and accuracy of detail. He edited the Grands écrivains series. Among his works are:Petite comédie de la critique littéraire de Molière selon les trois écoles philosophiques Causeries guernesiaises Laurence Sterne, sa personne et ses ouvrages Shakespeare et l'antiquité , which...
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Philipp Spitta
1801 - 1859 (58 years)
Karl Johann Philipp Spitta was a German Protestant religious poet. Biography Born in Hanover, he was educated at Göttingen, and from 1824 to 1828 he was a tutor near Lüneburg, and there wrote the most favored of his hymns. Afterwards he was vicar or pastor in several churches, and in 1859, shortly before his death, was made superintendent at Burgdorf.
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Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina
1664 - 1718 (54 years)
Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina was an Italian man of letters and jurist. He was born at Roggiano Gravina, a small town near Cosenza, in Calabria. He was the adoptive father of the poet Metastasio. Biography Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina was born at Roggiano a small town near Cosenza, to a well-off family. He was early sent to study with his maternal uncle, Gregorio Caloprese, who possessed some reputation as a poet and philosopher. This was a decisive experience in his education: his tutor not only guided him toward knowledge of the classics, but also exposed him to the methods and perspectives of “ne...
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Lewis Morris
1833 - 1907 (74 years)
Sir Lewis Morris was a Welsh academic and politician. He was also a popular poet of the Anglo-Welsh school. Background Born in Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire in south-west Wales to Lewis Edward William Morris and Sophia Hughes, he first attended Queen Elizabeth's Grammar School there .Then in 1847 he transferred to Cowbridge Grammar School on the appointment to it of the energetically reviving and academically gifted young headmaster, Hugo Harper. There "he gave promise of his future classical scholarship by writing a prize poem on Pompeii". In 1850 he was one of about thirty Cowbridge boys who ...
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Kurt Latte
1891 - 1964 (73 years)
Kurt Latte was a German philologist and classical scholar known for his work on ancient Roman religion. Career The son of a doctor, Latte studied at the Universities of Königsberg, Bonn and Berlin. After taking his doctorate at Königsberg in 1913 under Ludwig Deubner with a study on cultic dance in ancient Greece, he began work on an edition of the dictionary of Hesychius of Alexandria. After service in World War I he was Assistent at the Institut für Altertumskunde of the University of Münster from 1920 to 1923, gaining his Habilitation there in 1920 with a study of Greek and Roman sacral law.
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Tite Margwelaschwili
1891 - 1946 (55 years)
Tite Margwelaschwili was a Georgian philosopher and writer. He studied at the University of Leipzig and did a doctor's degree in history at the University Halle-Wittenberg in 1914. His career in Georgia was interrupted by the Soviet invasion of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1921.
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John Nichol
1833 - 1894 (61 years)
John Nichol , was a Scottish literary academic, and the first Regius Professor of English Language and Literature at the University of Glasgow. Early life Born in Montrose, Scotland, Nichol was the son of John Pringle Nichol, Regius Professor of Astronomy at the University of Glasgow. John Jr. studied first at Glasgow and then Balliol College, Oxford as a Snell Exhibitioner, graduating with a First-Class degree in Classics, Philosophy and Mathematics. After graduating, Nicholl remained at Oxford as a coach. With Albert Venn Dicey, Thomas Hill Green, Swinburne and others, he formed the Old Mo...
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Li Jianwu
1906 - 1982 (76 years)
Li Jianwu was a Chinese author, dramatist and translator who was the president of French Literature Research Council. Li was an officer of the Chinese State Council and a member of National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He translated the works of the French novelists Gustave Flaubert and Stendhal into Chinese.
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Henry Carrington Lancaster
1882 - 1954 (72 years)
Henry Carrington Lancaster was a prominent American scholar—the world's foremost expert on French dramatic literature in the 16th through 18th centuries. Lancaster is noted for his unprecedented achievement of being awarded the Légion d'Honneur, given by France to the one person each year who has made the most exceptional contribution to its country . This was unprecedented because it had never been given to a non-citizen. Being so well respected and appreciated by France, some years later, they bestowed another unprecedented honor in choosing him to be an officer of the Légion d'Honneur. He...
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Michael Deffner
1848 - 1934 (86 years)
Joseph Michael Deffner was a German classical philologist and linguist, known for his studies exploring the Tsakonian language. Biography He studied classical philology and linguistics in Munich and Leipzig, and went to Athens in 1871 as a Latin teacher. From 1872 to 1878 he was a lecturer in comparative literature at the University of Athens. Under the auspices of the Berlin Academy of Sciences, one of the predecessors to the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities went to the Peloponnese to study the Maniot and Tsakonian dialects. He did mostly archaeological work, except for his studies of Tsakonian while he was in the Peloponnese.
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Claudiu Isopescu
1894 - 1956 (62 years)
Claudiu Isopescu was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian literary historian and translator. Born into a well-read family Frătăuții Vechi, in the Bukovina region of Austria-Hungary, he graduated from the Greek Orthodox Gymnasium in Suceava in 1912. He then entered Czernowitz University, interrupting his studies during World War I. Following the incorporation of Bukovina into Romania at the war's conclusion, he enrolled in the literature faculty of the University of Bucharest. In 1919, he obtained a magna cum laude degree in modern philology, with a speciality in Italian. From 1920 to 1923, he ta...
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