Francis Crick

Q: What Schools Are Affiliated With Francis Crick

Francis Crick is affiliated with the following schools: University College London, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, University of Cambridge

Why Is Francis Crick Influential?

According to Wikipedia, Francis Harry Compton Crick was an English molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist. He, James Watson, Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin played crucial roles in deciphering the helical structure of the DNA molecule. Crick and Watson's paper in Nature in 1953 laid the groundwork for understanding DNA structure and functions. Together with Maurice Wilkins, they were jointly awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material".

Francis Crick's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Papers

Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (1953) (7684)
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology (1970) (2820)
Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (1974) (2679)
Selfish DNA: the ultimate parasite (1980) (1881)
Function of the thalamic reticular complex: the searchlight hypothesis. (1984) (1648)
The origin of the genetic code. (1968) (1600)
Genetical Implications of the Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (1953) (1535)
The packing of α‐helices: simple coiled‐coils (1953) (1434)
Molecular structure of nucleic acids (1993) (1220)
Codon--anticodon pairing: the wobble hypothesis. (1966) (1142)
General Nature of the Genetic Code for Proteins (1961) (1091)
The structure of DNA. (1953) (981)
DEPARTMENT of Health, Education, and Welfare. (1953) (975)
On protein synthesis. (1958) (848)
Diffusion in Embryogenesis (1970) (827)
The function of dream sleep (1983) (816)
Origin of the Genetic Code (1967) (707)
The molecular structure of collagen. (1961) (704)
Critical Transitions in Nature and Society (2010) (670)
Structure of Small Viruses (1956) (629)
Codon--anticodon pairing: the wobble hypothesis. (1966) (609)
The structure of synthetic polypeptides. I. The transform of atoms on a helix (1952) (483)
The treatment of errors in the isomorphous replacement method (1959) (451)
The Genetic Code (1962) (437)
Diffraction by helical structures (1958) (390)
Compartments and polyclones in insect development. (1975) (376)
The molecular structure of polyadenylic acid. (1961) (374)
The Structure of Collagen (1955) (373)
WHAT MAD PURSUIT. A Personal View of Scientific Discovery. (1989) (368)
General Model for the Chromosomes of Higher Organisms (1971) (361)
Split genes and RNA splicing. (1979) (355)
The physical properties of cytoplasm: A study by means of the magnetic particle method Part I. Experimental (1950) (318)
The complementary structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (1954) (294)
Is α-Keratin a Coiled Coil? (1952) (292)
CODES WITHOUT COMMAS. (1957) (289)
Structure of Polyglycine II (1955) (285)
The Fourier transform of a coiled-coil (1953) (269)
Thinking about the brain. (1979) (250)
Do dendritic spines twitch? (1982) (246)
The theory of mutagenesis (1961) (219)
Linking numbers and nucleosomes. (1976) (213)
Certain aspects of the anatomy and physiology of the cerebral cortex (1986) (182)
REM sleep and neural nets (1995) (179)
Long axons within the striate cortex: their distribution, orientation, and patterns of connection. (1982) (167)
Life Itself: Its Origin and Nature (1981) (157)
Memory and molecular turnover. (1984) (157)
Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. (2003) (153)
UGA: A Third Nonsense Triplet in the Genetic Code (1967) (151)
What Mad Pursuit (1988) (142)
A gradient of positional information in an insect, Rhodnius. (1972) (133)
THE THEORY OF INTER-ALLELIC COMPLEMENTATION. (1964) (131)
Periodicity of deoxyribonuclease I digestion of chromatin. (1979) (124)
Of Molecules and Men (1966) (122)
Higher-order structure of human mitotic chromosomes. (1977) (121)
The genetic code--yesterday, today, and tomorrow. (1966) (116)
Directed Panspermia (2005) (113)
An Information Processing Approach to Understanding the Visual Cortex (1980) (98)
Amino Acids and Peptides (2003) (96)
Phase-Shift and Other Mutants in the First Part of the rII B Cistron of Bacteriophage T4 (1967) (95)
The theory of the method of isomorphous replacement for protein crystals. I (1956) (88)
The impact of molecular biology on neuroscience. (1999) (86)
A speculation on the origin of protein synthesis (2004) (79)
The Genetic Code for Proteins (1963) (79)
The physical properties of cytoplasm. A study by means of the magnetic particle method. Part II. Theoretical treatment (1950) (77)
The double helix: a personal view (1974) (73)
The Recent Excitement in the Coding Problem (1963) (73)
A speculation on the origin of protein synthesis (2004) (71)
The genetic code. 3. (1966) (70)
X-Ray Analysis and Protein Structure (1957) (69)
Kinky helix (1975) (66)
Selfish DNA (1980) (63)
Is DNA really a double helix? (1979) (58)
Supercoiled DNA. (1980) (56)
Virus Structure: General Principles (1957) (56)
Genetical implications of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid. 1953 (1993) (55)
Anticipating an RNA World Some Past Speculations on the Origin of Life: Where Are They Today? (1993) (51)
The Statue Within (1992) (51)
On the genetic code. (1963) (47)
International Conferences (1969) (43)
A Primate Genome Project Deserves High Priority (2000) (41)
Modern biopharmaceuticals : design, development and optimization (2005) (37)
The Structure of the Hereditary Material (1954) (36)
Molecular structure of nucleic acids. A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. 1953. (1995) (36)
On Degenerate Templates and the Adaptor Hypothesis: A Note for the RNA Tie Club (1955) (35)
Consciousness and Neurosurgery (2004) (34)
Codon-Anticodon Pairing : (1966) (34)
The Croonian Lecture, 1966 - The genetic code (1967) (33)
Molecular structure of nucleic acids. A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. 1953. (2003) (33)
A structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. 1953. (2003) (32)
Neural Edelmanism (1989) (31)
A Structure for Collagen (1954) (29)
Evidence for the Pauling–Corey α-Helix in Synthetic Polypeptides (1952) (27)
The scale of pattern formation. (1971) (25)
The Present Position of the Coding Problem (1959) (24)
Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. J.D. Watson and F.H.C. Crick. Published in Nature, number 4356 April 25, 1953. (1974) (23)
Looking backwards: a birthday card for the double helix. (1993) (23)
Project K: "The Complete Solution of E. Coli" (1973) (22)
Function ofthethalamic reticular complex: Thesearchlight (1984) (21)
General Nature of the Genetic Code (1965) (21)
Ideas on Protein Synthesis (1956) (20)
THE COMPLEMENTARY STRUCTURE OF DNA. (1954) (19)
An Error in Model Building (1967) (18)
Recent research in molecular biology: introduction. (1965) (17)
Molecular Biology in the Year 2000 (1970) (15)
Structure and Function of DNA (1954) (14)
The Discovery of the Structure of DNA (1959) (13)
A footnote on allostery. (2013) (13)
The three-dimensional Patterson function of ribonuclease II (1956) (12)
The height of the vector rods in the three‐dimensional Patterson of haemoglobin (1952) (11)
The unit cells of four proteins (1953) (11)
Neural networks and REM sleep (1988) (11)
Chromosome structure and function. Future prospects. (1978) (11)
The absolute sign of certain phase-shift mutants in bacteriophage T4. (1967) (10)
Ribonuclease II. Accuracy of measurement and shrinkage (1955) (10)
Ox haemoglobin: preliminary X-ray studies (1956) (9)
Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (Reprinted from Nature, April 25, 1953) (1969) (9)
DNA: Test of Structure? (1970) (9)
The time needed to set up a gradient: detailed calculations. (1971) (9)
"Selfish DNA" [Editorial letter] (1980) (9)
4 – The Impact of Linus Pauling on Molecular Biology: A Reminiscence (1992) (9)
Biochemical activities of nucleic acids. The present position of the coding problem. (1959) (7)
Biochemistry of Genetics (1954) (7)
The strength of the 10 Å reflexions in haemoglobin (1953) (7)
Reprint: Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids (2003) (7)
GENETICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE STRUCTURE OF DEOXYRBONUCLEIC ACID By (2004) (7)
[4] X-ray diffraction of protein crystals (1957) (6)
THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CYTOPLASM A STUDY BY MEANS OF THE MAGNETIC PARTICLE hII : (2004) (6)
Psychiatry in the Genomics Era "We wish to suggest a structure for the salt of deoxyribose nucleic acid (D.N.A.). This structure has novel features which are of considerable biological interest." (2003) (6)
The scientific search for the soul (1994) (5)
General Discussion on Theories of Antibody Variability (1967) (5)
How to Live with a Goiden Holix (1979) (5)
Qué loco propósito (1989) (5)
[Central dogma of mollecular biology]. (1971) (5)
Linking numbers and nucleosomes ( DNA double helix / twist / writhing number / chromosome structure / simian virus 40 ) (5)
A new crystal form of ribonuclease (1955) (5)
How to Live with a Golden Helix (1979) (5)
Max Ferdinand Perutz (2002) (5)
EARLY THEORIES OF VIRUS STRUCTURE (2003) (5)
Some Footnotes on Protein Synthesis: A Note for the RNA Tie Club (1959) (3)
Genetic Code (1962) (3)
Molecular biology and medical research. (1969) (3)
The Structure of the Nucleic Acids and Related Substances (1957) (3)
As a Basis for Discussion (1956) (3)
"Evidence for the Pauling-Corey alpha-Helix in Synthetic Polypeptides" [Editorial letter] (1952) (3)
What Are the Properties of Genetic RNA?: A Note for the RNA Tie Club (1960) (3)
DNA: A Cooperative Discovery a (1995) (2)
From hodology to function In 1993 (2)
Polypeptides and proteins : X-ray studies (2013) (2)
LECTURE 24: OR (2001) (2)
Letter from Francis Crick to Sol Spiegelman (1956) (2)
Molecular biology in the year 2000 (2008) (2)
Genetical implications of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid. 1953. (1993) (2)
On Running a Summer School (1968) (2)
The Body , Its Emotions , the Self , and Consciousness (2012) (2)
DNA Today (1982) (2)
Letter from Francis Crick to Peter Medawar (1977) (1)
Towards the Genetic Code (1962) (1)
Crick looks back on DNA. (1979) (1)
The Laboratory of Molecular Biology: Proposals for Extension (1963) (1)
Sailing with Jacques (2003) (1)
Letter from Francis Crick to George Gamow (1968) (1)
A CASE STUDY IN STATISTICAL COMPUTING IN A LISP ENVIRON1\1ENT: GEOMETRIC ABSTRACTIONS FOR CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION OF LAYOUTS (1989) (1)
Letter from Francis Crick to Georg Kreisel (1977) (1)
The Problem of Visual Awareness and the Neutral Basis of Consciousness (1995) (1)
Obituary of Jacques Monod (1976) (1)
Nature原著論文(1953) Genetical Implications of the Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (特集 DNA二重らせん構造の半世紀(1)) (2003) (1)
Cracking the Genetic Code (1962) (1)
"The Influence of Physics on Molecular Biology" (Cherwell-Simon Lecture) (1966) (1)
Aharon Katzir Katchalsky (1972) (1)
Letter from Francis Crick to John T. Edsall, Fogarty International Center (1971) (1)
Detail from notes on the structure of DNA (1953) (1)
Dahlem Workshop on Organization and Expression of Chromosomes: Closing Remarks (1976) (0)
Molecular Genetics: The Ideas (1964) (0)
[Notes on] "Genetics" (1953) (0)
The Computer, the Eye, the Soul (1966) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Charlotte Friend (1979) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to John Burton Sanderson Haldane (1962) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Fritz Lipmann (1961) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Eric I. Hamilton (1973) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Harold Himsworth, Medical Research Council of Great Britain (1953) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Effect of RNase on Microsomal RNA" (1958) (0)
"The Biological Revolution: Its Meaning for Medicine" (abstract) (1981) (0)
The Two Languages of Biology (1969) (0)
Fragment of notes on a double helix model for DNA (1953) (0)
Fragment of speaking notes on DNA replication (1954) (0)
[Notes on possible genetic codes (#3)] (1953) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Joshua and Esther Lederberg (1956) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Thomas H. Jukes (1974) (0)
Comma-less Codes: A Note for the RNA Tie Club (1956) (0)
DNA: Test of Structure? (1970) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Sewell Champe (1966) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to John Red Raper, Harvard University, The Biological Laboratories (1955) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Marianne Grunberg-Manago (1976) (0)
Notes for two lectures at MIT on chromosomes and gene expression in higher organisms (1972) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Nikolai V. Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R. (1974) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Maurice Wilkins (1967) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Joshua Lederberg (1959) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Cell Walls" (1955) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Henry R. V. Arnstein (1969) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Nathan M. Pusey, Harvard University (1966) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Igor Y. Tamm (1962) (0)
Dissecting the Complexities of Glucose Signaling in Yeast (2004) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Jerry Donohue (1970) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Lord Charles Percy Snow (1969) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Ernst Mayr (1971) (0)
SAILING WITH JACQUES (1979) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Severo Ochoa (1962) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Warren Weaver (1964) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to W. Traub (1970) (0)
Interim Note: Studies on the Physical Properties of the Cytoplasm of Cells in Tissue Culture (1949) (0)
"The Theory of Mutagenesis" [Editorial letter] (1961) (0)
"DNA: Test of Structure?" [Editorial letter] (1970) (0)
PHARMACOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (2005) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Arthur J. Walker (1962) (0)
Neural Induction without Mesoderm in Xenopus (2004) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Alexander Rich (1974) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Aaron Klug (1977) (0)
Report to the Medical Research Council on the Work of the Division of Molecular Genetics, now the Division of Cell Biology, from 1961-1971 (1971) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Maxine Singer (1969) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to David Harker (1953) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to John Desmond Bernal (1969) (0)
The Structure of the Synthetic alpha-Polypeptides (1954) (0)
Notes on the structure of DNA (1953) (0)
Genes in Higher and Lower Organisms (1977) (0)
Neural edelmanism. (1989) (0)
[Molecular biology in the year 2000. 1970]. (2000) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Leslie E. Orgel (1974) (0)
The Mre11 Protein Is Necessary for DNA Damage Response (2004) (0)
Some Interesting Books Received (2004) (0)
PART 1% NUCLEIC ACIDS THE STRUCTURE OF THE NUCLEIC ACIDS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES (2004) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to C. H. Waddington (1967) (0)
Drawing of the double helix (1953) (0)
[Notes on] "Degenerate Templates" (1953) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Lawrence Bragg (1967) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to H. Gobind Khorana (1969) (0)
Review of “Of Molecules and Men” (2001) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Leo Sachs, Weizmann Institute of Science (1970) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Repeat of Experiment to Determine Effect of RNase on Microsomal RNA" (1958) (0)
Properties of Ribosomes (1962) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Action of RNase on Microsomal RNA" (1958) (0)
[ON THE GENETIC CODE. CONCLUSIONS ON THE GENERAL NATURE OF THE CODE RESULTING FROM BIOCHEMICAL EXPERIMENTS]. (1963) (0)
"An Error in Model Building" [Editorial letter] (1967) (0)
SCIENCE NEVER ENDS: A NEW PARADIGM IS BEING BORN IN BIOLOGY (2013) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to James J. Lingane, Harvard University Chemistry Department (1958) (0)
Proposal to the System Development Foundation for funds for a theoretical neurobiology group at the Salk Institute (1982) (0)
University of Groningen Genome-wide analysis of the regulation of sugar transport in the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus Lubelska, (2009) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Cy Levinthal (1957) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Carl C. Lindegren (1964) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Sydney Brenner (1977) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Leonard S. Lerman (1964) (0)
Representation without Reconstruction 3 (1994) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Marshall W. Nirenberg (1962) (0)
"The Biological Revolution: Its Meaning for Medicine" (lecture notes) (1981) (0)
Reply (1990) (0)
What Is a Gene (1956) (0)
[Ready-made reply card to refuse invitations] (1963) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Rosalind Franklin (and notes on two papers by Franklin and Raymond Gosling) (1953) (0)
The function o f dream sleep (2004) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Charles A. Thomas (1979) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Matthew Meselson (1968) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Rosalind Franklin (1954) (0)
The DNA Provirus, reviewed by G. S. Martin * Supramolecular Chemistry, J. S. Siegel * Vignettes * Books Received (1996) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Vernon M. Ingram (1960) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to William Shockley (1969) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Max Delbruck (1953) (0)
Reciprocal Neural Pathways and Associative Networks. (1982) (0)
"The Social Impact of Biology" (Rickman Godlee Lecture) (1968) (0)
Telegram from Francis Crick to Marshall W. Nirenberg (1962) (0)
In Memory of Francis Crick (2005) (0)
The Original Plans and the Present Position (1963) (0)
Notes for a Talk on Brooklyn Work (1954) (0)
how the hereditary material embodies the code for the manufacture of proteins . The nature of the code has now been further elucidated (2001) (0)
"Origin of the Genetic Code" [Editorial letter] (1967) (0)
The domestic animals of science. (1980) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Luigi Silvestri (1971) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Andre Lwoff, Institut Pasteur (France) (1957) (0)
"Molecular Genetics: The Present Position" (Mendel Lecture) (1966) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "DNA" (1951) (0)
Our Approach to Developmental Biology (1970) (0)
Compartments and Polyclones in Insect Development Clones made in early development keep within certain fixed boundaries in the insect epithelium (2004) (0)
General receipts 1789-1814 ; Household accounts 1801-7 (1971) (0)
CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION: FUTURE PROSPECTS* (1978) (0)
Evarts A. Graham Lecture, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri (1971) (0)
The Evolution of the Genome (1982) (0)
Bovine Thyroid Iodine-131 Concentrations Subsequent to Soviet Nuclear Weapon Tests (1962) (0)
The Molecular Biology of Higher Organisms (1972) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Arthur Kornberg (1962) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to George D. Pappas (1969) (0)
[Francis Crick's remarks at a conference held at Stanford University School of Medicine] (1980) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Paul Doty (1967) (0)
Biochemical Work on Lysozyme (1950) (0)
Mutagenesis by Acridines in Bacteriophage T4 (1961) (0)
Chairman's Opening Remarks (2008) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Linus Pauling (1974) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Karl Popper (1976) (0)
1 A brief history of genomics (2004) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Harold Frank Robinson, North Carolina State University Institute of Biological Sciences (1964) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to G. A. Rodley (1977) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Thomas J. Wilson, Harvard University Press (1966) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Bernard D. Davis (1970) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Francois Gros (1969) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Henry M. Sobell (1975) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Douglas R. Tobin (1970) (0)
Notes on a proposed structure for DNA (1953) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to John A. B. Gray, Medical Research Council of Great Britain (1968) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Clyde Manwell (1970) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Tomaso Poggio (1981) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Aaron Klug [letter 2] (1977) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Andrew Poggenpohl, National Geographic Magazine (1974) (0)
Letter from Francis and Odile Crick to Fritz Lipmann (1976) (0)
"The Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis" (Korkes Memorial Lecture) (1960) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Robert L. Sinsheimer (1961) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Cell Wall Prep" (1955) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Model Building" (1954) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Howard M. Temin (1970) (0)
"A Structure for DNA" (draft) (1953) (0)
Evolutionary Psychology, Neuroscience and Culture (2013) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Van R. Potter (1969) (0)
News In Brief (2004) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Robert W. Holley (1965) (0)
1964 Gordon Research Conference on Nucleic Acids (2008) (0)
[Francis Harry Compton Crick (1916-2004)]. (2010) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to James D. Watson (1965) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to John Kendrew (1978) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Jacques Monod (1961) (0)
Notes on the possible configuration of bases in the DNA structure (1953) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to the Editor of The Sciences (1979) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Max F. Perutz (1979) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Centrifuging Egg White" (1955) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Rate of Hydrolysis of 'Yeast RNA' by Prostatic Acid Phosphatase" (1958) (0)
Letter from Francis Crick to Paul Berg (1973) (0)
[Notebook entry on] "Egg White Column" (1955) (0)

This paper list is powered by the following services:

Other Resources About Francis Crick

en.wikipedia.org

What Schools Are Affiliated With Francis Crick?

Francis Crick is affiliated with the following schools:

What Are Francis Crick's Academic Contributions?

Francis Crick is most known for their academic work in the field of biology. They are also known for their academic work in the fields of and physics.

Francis Crick has made the following academic contributions:

What Mad Pursuit: A Personal View of Scientific Discovery

Francis Crick's AcademicInfluence.com Rankings