William E. Cross Jr.

William E. Cross Jr.'s AcademicInfluence.com Rankings

Psychology

#1539

World Rank

#1856

Historical Rank

#873

USA Rank

psychology Degrees

Download Badge

Psychology

William E. Cross Jr.'s Degrees

PhD Psychology Princeton University
Masters Psychology Princeton University

Why Is William E. Cross Jr. Influential?

(Suggest an Edit or Addition)

According to Wikipedia, William E. Cross Jr. is a theorist and researcher in the field of ethnic identity development, specifically Black identity development. He is best known for his nigrescence model, first detailed in a 1971 publication, and his book, Shades of Black, published in 1991. Cross's nigrescence model expanded upon the work of Black psychologists who came before him and created an important foundation for racial/ethnic identity psychology. It has proved a framework for both individual and collective social change. Throughout his career, Cross has been concerned with racial/ethnic identity theory and the negative effects of Western thought and science on the psychology of Black Americans, specifically the need for “psychological liberation under conditions of oppression.”

(See a Problem?)

William E. Cross Jr.'s Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Works

The Negro-to-Black Conversion Experience. (1971) (1025)
Mastering the Semi-Structured Interview and Beyond: From Research Design to Analysis and Publication (2013) (808)
Ethnic and racial identity during adolescence and into young adulthood: an integrated conceptualization. (2014) (749)
The Thomas and Cross Models of Psychological Nigrescence (1978) (651)
Mastering the Semi-Structured Interview and Beyond (2017) (434)
Validating the Cross Racial Identity Scale (2002) (310)
Nigrescence theory and measurement: Introducing the Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS). (2001) (286)
Race, ethnicity, and culture in child development: contemporary research and future directions. (2006) (282)
The stages of Black identity development: Nigrescence models. (1991) (218)
Cross's nigrescence model: From theory to scale to theory (2001) (198)
Nigrescence theory: Current status and challenges for the future (2001) (166)
Race-Related Stress, Racial Identity Attitudes, and Mental Health Among Black Women (2007) (128)
Tailoring a fruit and vegetable intervention on ethnic identity: results of a randomized study. (2009) (110)
Effects of social stressors on cardiovascular reactivity in black and white women (2006) (109)
The everyday functions of African American identity. (1998) (98)
African American Identity Development Across the Life Span: Educational Implications (1999) (71)
Nigrescence Theory: Historical and Explanatory Notes (1994) (69)
Tracing the historical origins of youth delinquency & violence: Myths & realities about black culture (2003) (66)
Black Psychological Functioning and the Legacy of Slavery (1998) (61)
Generalizing Nigrescence Profiles (2006) (59)
Reliability and Structural Validity of Cross Racial Identity Scale Scores in a Sample of African American Adults (2004) (53)
A daily diary study of mental health and community involvement outcomes for three Chinese American social identities. (2004) (51)
The Reliability and Validity of Big Five Inventory Scores With African American College Students (2004) (49)
Cross Racial Identity Scale (2012) (48)
Theory, Research, and Models (2012) (47)
Nigrescence and ego identity development: Accounting for differential Black identity patterns. (1996) (45)
Racial Awakening: Epiphanies and Encounters in Black Racial Identity (2017) (42)
Ethnic and Racial Identity Revisited: An Integrated Conceptualization (2015) (41)
Identity Work: Enactment of Racial-Ethnic Identity in Everyday Life (2017) (32)
(Re)Examining Racial Identity Attitude Differences Across Gender, Community Type, and Socioeconomic Status Among African American College Students (2010) (25)
A New Audience Segmentation Tool for African Americans: The Black Identity Classification Scale (2010) (21)
Black Families and Black Identity Development : Rediscovering the Distinction Between Self-esteem and Reference Group Orientation (1981) (20)
Ecological Factors in Human Development. (2017) (19)
Critical race, psychology, and social policy: Refusing damage, cataloging oppression, and documenting desire. (2016) (17)
Nigrescence: A Nondiaphanous Phenomenon (1989) (17)
Workforce diversity in business (1988) (14)
The Semi-Structured Interview as a Repertoire of Possibilities (2013) (14)
The Big Picture Theorizing Self-Concept Structure and Construal (2007) (10)
Self-Categorization and Identity Construction Associated with Managing Diversity (1999) (10)
Conducting the Interview (2013) (8)
Black identity and well-being: Untangling race and ethnicity. (2012) (7)
Whiteness and Serendipity (2017) (6)
Black Family and Black Identity: A Literature Review. (1978) (5)
Psychometric Properties of Cross Ethnic-Racial Identity Scale-Adult (CERIS-A) Scores: A Replication Study (2020) (2)
Disjunctive: Social Injustice, Black Identity, and the Normality of Black People (2018) (2)
Ongoing and Iterative Data Analysis (2013) (2)
Epilogue: Reflections (2021) (2)
Incorporating a Race Salience Subscale Into the Cross Racial Identity Scale (CRIS) (2020) (2)
"My God, sir, I think the president is doomed!" [Grover Cleveland's cancer surgery]. (1982) (2)
Globalism, America’s Ghettos, and Black Youth Development (2006) (1)
REFLECTIONS ON THE LIFESPAN MODEL FOR ERI DEVELOPMENT (2020) (1)
Special issue: Race, ethnicity and culture in child development (2006) (1)
Navigating self and context in a diverse nation: How social identities matter (2006) (1)
ALLISON DAVIS AND THE EMERGENT ADULTHOOD THESIS (2022) (1)
Contemporary Black Identities and Personalities (2012) (1)
Black Lives Matter and Nigrescence Theory: When Police Violence Triggers an Encounter (2022) (0)
Writing Up and Speaking Back to the Literature (2013) (0)
[Locklear's place of death] (1920) (0)
Who Wants to Catch a Falling Star (1976) (0)
Myths and Realities (2013) (0)
A Video Based Intervention to Support Children’s Social, Emotional and Mental Health (2018) (0)
Uncovering Alternate Ethnic Identity Trajectories: A Cluster Analysis of the MEIM and Psychological Well-Being (2020) (0)
Homophobic bullying in secondary schools : a cross age and gender analysis into young people's views of name-calling (2013) (0)
Lillian Mary Elder Bowman (1977) (0)
The Conference on Empirical Research in Black Psychology. (4th, La Jolla, California, January 7-9, 1979). (1979) (0)
Nigrescence (1989) (0)
Crafting a Design to Yield a Complete Story (2013) (0)
THE ECOLOGY OF URBAN FAMILY LIFE: (2007) (0)
Acknowledgment (2003) (0)
Uncovering Alternate Ethnic Identity Trajectories: A Cluster Analysis of the MEIM and Psychological Well-Being (2020) (0)
Ethnic Racial Identity Models (2017) (0)
Digital Safety and Privacy: Raising Awareness Through Library Outreach (2018) (0)
Dimensions of Blackness: Racial Identity and Political Beliefs (2018) (0)
Black Psychology and Black Criminality: Myths and Reality on the Origins of Black Street Life (2022) (0)
Black Identity Classification Scale (2018) (0)
Predicaments, Coping, and Resistance: Social and Personal Identities among African Americans (2012) (0)

This paper list is powered by the following services:

Other Resources About William E. Cross Jr.

en.wikipedia.org

What Schools Are Affiliated With William E. Cross Jr.?

William E. Cross Jr. is affiliated with the following schools:

William E. Cross Jr.'s Academic­Influence.com Rankings