Christiaan Barnard

Why Is Christiaan Barnard Influential?

According to Wikipedia, Christiaan Neethling Barnard was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant operation. On 3 December 1967, Barnard transplanted the heart of accident-victim Denise Darvall into the chest of 54-year-old Louis Washkansky, with Washkansky regaining full consciousness and being able to talk easily with his wife, before dying eighteen days later of pneumonia, largely brought on by the anti-rejection drugs that suppressed his immune system. Barnard had told Mr. and Mrs. Washkansky that the operation had an 80% chance of success, an assessment which has been criticised as misleading. Barnard's second transplant patient, Philip Blaiberg, whose operation was performed at the beginning of 1968, returned home from the hospital and lived for a year and a half.

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Christiaan Barnard's Published Works

Number of citations in a given year to any of this author's works

Total number of citations to an author for the works they published in a given year. This highlights publication of the most important work(s) by the author

Published Papers

The operation. A human cardiac transplant: an interim report of a successful operation performed at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. (1967) (861)
SURGICAL CORRECTION OF EBSTEIN'S MALFORMATION WITHPROSTHETIC TRICUSPID VALVE. (1963) (128)
Circadian rhythmic aspects of human cardiovascular function: a review by chronobiologic statistical methods. (1976) (128)
Cardiac transplantation following storage of the donor heart by a portable hypothermic perfusion system. (1984) (123)
Human cardiac transplantation. An evaluation of the first two operations performed at the Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. (1968) (111)
Heterotopic cardiac transplantation with a xenograft for assistance of the left heart in cardiogenic shock after cardiopulmonary bypass. (1977) (110)
What we have learned about heart transplants. (1968) (108)
The surgical technique of heterotopic heart transplantation. (1983) (83)
Heart Rate after Cardiac Transplantation (1969) (81)
Malignant neoplasms occurring after cardiac transplantation. (1983) (66)
Orthotopic transplantation of the baboon heart after 20 to 24 hours' preservation by continuous hypothermic perfusion with an oxygenated hyperosmolar solution. (1982) (63)
ENDOCARDITIS FOLLOWING CARDIAC SURGERY DUE TO THE FUNGUS PAECILOMYCES. (1963) (58)
Infectious complications after heart transplantation. (1983) (58)
Twenty-four-hour preservation of the pig heart by a portable hypothermic perfusion system. (1982) (53)
The advantage of heterotopic cardiac transplantation over orthotopic cardiac transplantation in the management of severe acute rejection. (1977) (52)
Acute hepatic coma treated by cross-circulation with a baboon and by repeated exchange transfusions. (1968) (44)
Hemodynamic evaluation of left ventricular bypass with a homologous cardiac graft. (1977) (44)
The present status of heterotopic cardiac transplantation. (1981) (44)
Toxoplasmosis of donor and recipient hearts after heterotopic cardiac transplantation. (1983) (38)
Prosthetic replacement of the mitral valve. (1962) (38)
Orthotopic allotransplantation and autotransplantation of the baboon heart following 24-hr storage by a portable hypothermic perfusion system. (1983) (37)
Human heart transplantation. The diagnosis of rejection. (1968) (36)
Does the electrocardiogram detect early acute heart rejection. (1985) (34)
The surgical treatment of acquired aneurysm of the throracic aorta. (1963) (34)
The surgical cure of a cardiac aneurysm of unknown cause. (1963) (33)
Clinical Transplantation of the Heart: A Review of 13 Years’ Personal Experience1 (1981) (33)
Cross-circulation between man and baboon. (1968) (33)
Ex vivo functional evaluation of pig hearts subjected to 24 hours' preservation by hypothermic perfusion. (1981) (32)
Serum transaminase patterns following intracardiac surgery. (1958) (30)
Technique, complications, and clinical value of endomyocardial biopsy in patients with heterotopic heart transplants. (1982) (29)
Left ventricular bypass. (1975) (27)
Annular subvalvular idiopathic left ventricular aneurysms in the black African. (1979) (26)
Intraoperative posterior left ventricular wall rupture associated with mitral valve replacement. (1978) (26)
The treatment of quinidine-induced ventricular fibrillation by closed-chest resuscitation and external defibrillation (1962) (26)
Heterotopic versus orthotopic heart transplantation. (1976) (25)
Complete replacement of the mitral valve. (1963) (24)
Assisted Circulation 2 (1984) (24)
Fistula of the sinus of Valsalva. (1977) (24)
The pathology of human cardiac transplantation: an assessment after 11 years' experience at Groote Schuur Hospital. (1979) (22)
Impotence after heart transplantation. (1978) (21)
The Hemodynamics of the University of Cape Town Aortic Prosthetic Valve (1966) (20)
Pre- and post-operative care of patients undergoing open cardiac surgery. (1959) (20)
A method of operating on fetal dogs in utero. (1957) (19)
FURTHER EXPERIENCES WITH THE U.C.T. MITRAL, TRICUSPID, AND AORTIC PROSTHESES. (1965) (18)
Medical, legal and administrative aspects of cadaveric organ donation in the RSA. (1982) (18)
Syphilitic obstruction of coronary ostia successfully treated by endarterectomy. (1965) (16)
[Heterotopic cardiac transplantation]. (1979) (16)
COMPLETE TRANSPOSITION OF THE GREAT VESSELS: A SUCCESSFUL COMPLETE CORRECTION (1962) (16)
Further cardiac transplant procedures in patients with heterotopic heart transplants. (1985) (16)
Effect of ABO blood-group antigens on long-term survival after cardiac transplantation. (1982) (15)
The Surgical Treatment of the Tetralogy of Fallot (1961) (15)
The value of recipient heart assistance during severe acute rejection following heterotopic cardiac transplantation. (1984) (15)
Heterotopic cardiac transplantation. A 7-year experience at Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town. (1984) (15)
Normal cardiac function with a hybrid heart. (1978) (14)
Traumatic aortic--right atrial fistula: report of a case corrected by operation. (1961) (14)
The assessment and selection of patients for heterotopic heart transplantation. (1982) (14)
Heterotopic versus orthotopic heart transplantation. (1984) (14)
Primary cardiac haemangiomas. A report of 2 cases. (1984) (13)
The present status of heart transplantation. (1975) (13)
Joint transplantation of the heart and lungs. Past experience and present potentials. (1982) (13)
Heterotopic heart transplantation: a valid alternative to orthotopic transplantation: results, advantages, and disadvantages. (1982) (13)
Human heart transplantation. (1969) (13)
Immediate and long-term results of mitral valve replacement with University of Cape Town mitral valve prosthesis (1970) (13)
Reflections on the first heart transplant. (1987) (13)
Changes in indications for heart transplantation. An additional argument for the preservation of the recipient's own heart. (1982) (12)
Prediction of acute cardiac rejection using radionuclide techniques. (1984) (12)
Surgical treatment of acquired aneurysms of the thoracic aorta. (1965) (11)
Arrhythmias in two patients with left ventricular bypass transplants. (1976) (11)
TOTAL AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT. (1963) (11)
Syphilitic coronary ostial occlusion. (1966) (10)
Heart transplantation : the present status of orthotopic and heterotopic heart transplantation (1984) (10)
Lack of efficacy of high-dose verapamil in preventing brain damage in baboons and pigs after prolonged partial cerebral ischemia. (1984) (10)
Myocardial fibrinolytic activity in allogenic cardiac rejection. (1977) (10)
Surgery of Mitral Incompetence (1961) (10)
RENAL FUNCTION DURING AND IMMEDIATELY AFTER PROFOUND HYPOTHERMIA. II. (1961) (10)
HYPOKALÆMIA DURING EXTRACORPOREAL CIRCULATION (1966) (9)
A surgical approach to mitral insufficiency (1961) (9)
Hemodynamic studies in two long-term survivors of heart transplantation. (1971) (9)
Left atrial myxoma report of a case successfully treated using extracorporeal oxygenation (1960) (9)
Ivalon baffle for posterior leaflet replacement in the treatment of mitral insufficiency: a follow-up study. (1968) (9)
The surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot. (1984) (9)
The surgical approach to tetralogy of Fallot. (1966) (8)
Survival after cardiac transplantation. (1983) (8)
The significance of left ventricular volume measurement after heart transplantation using radionuclide techniques. (1985) (8)
The surgical correction of endocardial cushion defects. (1961) (7)
Evaluation of endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of cardiac rejection. A study using bioptome samples of formalin-fixed tissue. (1978) (7)
Some electrocardiographic changes in human heart transplants. (1969) (7)
Comparison of patients with ischemic, myopathic, and rheumatic heart diseases as cardiac transplant recipients. (1984) (7)
The treatment of congenital heart disease in infants. Surface cooling, deep hypothermia, limited cardiopulmonary bypass and circulatory arrest. (1973) (6)
Total body perfusion for cardiac transplantation. (1969) (6)
The effect of direct infusions of cortisone into the renal artery of a transplanted kidney. (1966) (6)
Profound hypothermia using extracorporeal circulation without an artificial oxygenator. An experimental study. (1960) (5)
Atrial septal defect. I. Secundum and sinus venosus defects. (1963) (5)
The suirgical treatment of acquired aneurysm of the thoracic aorta at emergency surgery (2004) (5)
[Exchange transfusion and cross circulation with baboons in the treatment of acute liver failure]. (1970) (5)
A new approach to the treatment of rejection: experience with the third human-to-human heart transplantation performed in Cape Town. (1969) (5)
The first heart transplant--background and circumstances. (1995) (4)
ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT. II. ENDOCARDIAL-CUSHION DEFECTS. (1963) (4)
The autopsy findings in a case of heterotopic cardiac transplantation with left ventricular bypass for ischaemic heart failure. (1975) (4)
Morphological changes in 49 chacma baboons after cardiac allografts. (1979) (4)
Profound hypothermia and the helix reservoir bubble oxygenator. (1961) (4)
Low-dose versus high-dose steroid therapy in the prevention of acute rejection in baboon heterotopic cardiac allografts. (1982) (4)
Medicine and the mass media. (1972) (3)
OPEN-HEART SURGERY FOR RHEUMATIC DISEASE OF THE MITRAL VALVE: EXPERIENCE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN MEDICAL SCHOOL. (1964) (3)
AORTIC-LEFT ATRIAL FISTULA. SURGICAL CURE OF A SYPHILITIC ASCENDING AORTIC ANEURYSM WITH RUPTURE INTO THE LEFT ATRIUM. (1964) (3)
Hypokalaemia during extracorporeal circulation. An experimental study. (1966) (3)
Renal function during and immediately after profound hypothermia. (1961) (3)
Electrocardiographic changes during the unmodified rejection of heterotopic canine heart allografts. (1971) (3)
The surgery of the common congenital cardiac malformations (1968) (3)
The significance of femoral pulses in coarctation of the aorta. (1984) (2)
Transplantation of the heart. (1982) (2)
Cardiac surgery in the infant group. (1967) (2)
The surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot. (1984) (2)
Transplantation of heart (1971) (2)
Circulatory assistance with allograft. (1984) (2)
The diagnosis of rejection in human heart transplantation. (1969) (2)
Hypokalaemia during extracorporeal circulation. (1966) (2)
The electrical pulse duplicator--its use in testing valve prostheses with special reference to the aortic and mitral valves. (1959) (2)
Tricuspid atresia corrected by the Fontan method. (1982) (2)
Investigation of the ill infant with heart disease. (1968) (2)
Some experiences with intracardiac surgery using the helixreservoir bubble oxygenator with total cardio-pulmonary bypass. A review of the first 30 cases treated at the Groote Schuur and Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospitals, Cape Town. (1959) (2)
Trends in cardiac surgery at the University of Cape Town, 1971-1981. (1983) (1)
Comments on the first human-to-human heart transplant. 1993. (2001) (1)
The management of intractable angina pectoris using saphenous vein bypass grafts. Experience in Cape Town. (1974) (1)
OBSERVATIONS ON THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF THREATENED RENAL REJECTION IN DOGS. (1965) (1)
Valve replacement in patients over 70 years of age. (1984) (1)
COMPLETE REPLACEMENT OF BOTH MITRAL AND AORTIC VALVES. (1964) (1)
Immunosuppression in the baboon cardiac allograft model: effects of splenectomy, bolus methylprednisolone, propranolol, high-dose azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and a niridazole metabolite. (1984) (1)
The surgical relief of transposition of the great vessels in infancy (1968) (1)
Live storage of kidneys: a preliminary communication. (1966) (1)
Proceedings of the International Committee on Heart Transplantation (1969) (1)
Indications for heterotopic heart transplantation and report on two patients. (1988) (1)
Clinical Application of Implanted Natural Auxiliary Hearts (1984) (1)
The use of heparinized blood in open-heart surgery: a review of 250 cases. (1962) (1)
Mitral replacement with the U.C.T. prosthesis. (1965) (1)
Thrombo-embolic complications following total mitral valve replacement with the UCT lenticular mitral prosthesis. An experimental study. (1966) (1)
Surgical closure of ventricular septal defect in infancy. (1972) (1)
Renal transplantation at Groote Schuur Hospital: a report of 13 cases. (1970) (1)
Changes of serum enzyme activities in dogs receiving heterotopic cardiac allografts. (1971) (1)
A review of experience with cardiac transplantation. (1979) (1)
Risk factors in surgical correction of congenital heart defects in early childhood. (1978) (1)
Experience at Cape Town with human to human heart transplantation. (1970) (1)
Advice on heart transplants. (1973) (1)
HeartRateafter Cardiac Transplantation (1969) (1)
THE PRE-OPERATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MITRAL-VALVE DISEASE. (1964) (1)
The role of surgical revascularisation in the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. A review article. (1974) (0)
The surgical correction of chronic aortic regurgitation. (1961) (0)
[Immunosuppresive treatment after cardiac transplantation]. (1968) (0)
TheHemodynamics oftheUniversity of CapeTownAortic Prosthetic Valve (1966) (0)
[Surgical treatment of congenital heart disease in infants, with superficial hypothermia, short extracorporeal circulation and circulatory arrest]. (1973) (0)
THE DIAGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF ABNORMAL URINARY SEDIMENT STAINS IN CANINE RENAL HOMOGRAFTS. (1965) (0)
Surgical correction of a right coronary artery aneurysm communicating with the right ventricle: a case report. (1961) (0)
In vitro kidney storage. I. Hypothermia and hyperbaric oxygen. (1966) (0)
Temperature gradients during profound hypothermia with extracorporeal circulation. An experimental study. (1962) (0)
In vivo kidney storage. A preliminary communication. (1965) (0)
Preparation and Assembly of the Stainless Steel Sponge Debubbler for Use in the Helix Reservoir Bubble Oxygenator (1960) (0)
[The aorto-coronary by-pass. Personal clinical experience (author's transl)]. (1981) (0)
Surgical management of congenital heart disease. A review of 7 years' experience. (1984) (0)
Assisted Circulation (1979) (0)
SYPHILITIC OBSTRUCTIONOF CORONARY OSTIASUCCESSFULLY TREATED BY ENDARTERECTOMY (1965) (0)
Tricuspid valve replacement forEbstein's anomaly A 19yearreview ofthe first case (1981) (0)
Intensive care nursing after cardiac surgery. (1978) (0)
Heart transplantation in the treatment of cardiomyopathy. (1973) (0)
A milestone in cardiac transplantation. (1991) (0)
The protective effect of human gastric juice on experimentally induced ulceration in the rat. (1963) (0)
[Ethical problem in transplants]. (1968) (0)
Surgical treatment of Ebstein's malformation with U.C.T. tricuspid prosthesis. (1965) (0)
The Future of Heart Replacement (1984) (0)
The importance of initial nephrectomy to the subsequent function of the transplanted kidney (1965) (0)
[The heterotopic heart transplantation: first clinical experiences (author's transl)]. (1977) (0)
Corrective surgery for transposition of the great arteries. (1975) (0)
The surgical treatment of the tetralogy of Fallot. (1961) (0)
The clinical course of patients who have survived heart transplantation. (1970) (0)
Heart transplantation. (1995) (0)
Induced ventricular fibrillation. An experimental study with special reference to the use of this technique for the prevention of systemic air embolism. (1960) (0)
Human heterotopic cardiac transplantation: current status. (1978) (0)
Trends in University cardiac surgery of Cape Town, at the 1971 1981 (1983) (0)
Serological investigations in patients with cadaver allografts. (1971) (0)
The surgical correction of Fallot's tetralogy. (1975) (0)
The experimental use of halothane anaesthesia in open-heart surgery with cardio-pulmonary bypass. (1959) (0)
The postoperative intensive care after cardiac surgery in the neonate. (1973) (0)
Controlled sequential pacing in isolated perfused auxiliary rat hearts. (1979) (0)
Heterotopic versus orthotopic heart transplantation. (1976) (0)
cardiac rejection techniques (1984) (0)
Cardiac surgery for the cyanotic infant. (1969) (0)
[The surgical treatment of mitral insufficiency]. (1961) (0)
Coarctation of the aorta in infants under 1 year of age. (1983) (0)
Assessment and selection of patients for heart transplantation. (1988) (0)
The use of the Minnesota impedence cardiograph in the chronic monitoring of cardiac transplant patients at the Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town (1969) (0)
HEART TRANSPLANTATION IN MAN (1968) (0)
Recent results in the surgical treatment of Fallot's tetralogy. (1975) (0)
The government and organ transplantation. (1996) (0)

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What Are Christiaan Barnard's Academic Contributions?

Christiaan Barnard is most known for their academic work in the field of medical. They are also known for their academic work in the fields of and literature.

Christiaan Barnard has made the following academic contributions: